DE2750314A1 - Underground railway vehicle cab air conditioning - uses engine radiator fan, heat exchanger and hydraulic motor driven conditioning fan - Google Patents

Abstract

A condenser type heat exchanger (12) is mounted in the air stream of the engine radiator fan (10) and the radiator (11) of an underground railway vehicle. The fans for air conditioning are driven by a hydraulic motor of turbine type mounted on the hydraulic circuit side of the vehicle. The air from the heat exchanger (15) is led by a channel (25, 26) behind the driving cabins, and the outlet (27) is at ceiling level, above the driver. The outlet air for the air conditioner (19, 20) is at ground level and these have filters in them. Some air from the driver's cab is returned to the system and some is exhausted outside the vehicle.

Description

Description:

The invention relates to an air-conditioned control station, in particular for an underground vehicle that an engine, in particular the vehicle engine, driven compressor unit with air-cooled condenser heat exchanger, one Heat exchanger for the conditioned air with fan and a temperature control device having.

Air-conditioned control stations, for example vehicles with air-conditioned Cab are known in principle. For a number of applications, including stationary Control stations and vehicles in underground operation, however, result in a number of Problems that cannot be solved with the previously known designs. These problems are on the one hand due to the fact that, for example, the vehicle size is dictated by approval regulations such as clearance profile, smallest negotiable curve radius, etc. are limited. at stationary control rooms in underground operation enforce the available low Free space, compact, as transportable units as possible. Another problem arises at least in the case of applications for the hard coal mining through the required Fire-weather security of all facilities, so that considerable difficulties the use of electrical energy for drive purposes and for control and regulation purposes given are.

The invention is based on the object for an underground control station, especially for a vehicle with an air-conditioned cab despite the considerable Restrictions due to the limited space available and operating regulations specify a solution for the installation of an air conditioning system.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the condenser heat exchanger is arranged in the cooling air flow on the air inlet side of the engine cooler.

In addition to the spatial advantages, this arrangement also has one Subsequent installation also allow the advantage that for re-cooling of the coolant of the cooling unit, no separate cooling fan is to be used needs, since it can be used to advantage that the performance of the blower or Fans for engine cooling due to the higher level used in underground operation Ambient temperature offers sufficient reserves.

In an embodiment of the invention it is also provided that the fan for the air conditioning is driven by a hydraulic motor. This has opposite an electric fan drive has the advantage that on the very expensive and Space-consuming firedamp protection, as required by an electric drive motor would, can be dispensed with. Despite the limited space, like them are given for example in a mine locomotive, can be a sufficient Use a powerful fan for the conditioned air. The advantage here is the Take advantage of the fact that an oil pressure generating device is already on the vehicle is available. If compressed air is generated in vehicles instead of pressurized oil, the fan for the air-conditioned air can be driven by a corresponding compressed air motor take place. In both cases it is the drive motor expedient designed as a gear motor.

Since the required drive energy for the air conditioning fan is proportionate can be small, it is with the use of hydraulic motors in another Embodiment of the invention is advantageous if the hydraulic motor is on the drain side of the hydraulic circuit of the vehicle is installed. This has the advantage that the energy supply for the air conditioning is practically fed with "waste energy" is, so that the supply of the functionally important parts of the Machine is not affected by printing energy.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the air-conditioning air exiting the heat exchanger via at least one channel is guided in the rear wall of the driver's cab and the outlet for the climatic air in the driver's cab is above the driver and is preferably facing forward. It is basically possible, corresponding to all previously known vehicles a ventilation of the driver's cab the air in the area of the dashboard along blow the windscreen into the cab.

With cooled air, as is the case for an underground vehicle is given, however, it is essential to ensure that the driver does not is blown to prevent adverse drafts. With a corresponding Dimensioning of the flow cross-sections of the outlet openings in Regard the exit velocity of the cooled air can be as low as possible ensure sufficient freedom from drafts here. Due to the small amount available standing room, for example a mine locomotive, can, however, with the required relatively large amounts of air to be circulated do not have the necessary outlet cross-sections are provided so that with an increased exit speed for the cooled air and the associated disadvantages must be worked. In these circumstances, the air flow according to the invention is particularly advantageous, because the driver is not blown directly by the escaping air, so that higher exit velocities can also be accepted. Another effect is still achieved in that a heating of the cab rear wall, which the cab compared to the engine compartment separates, is prevented, so that also for this area appropriate conditioning is achieved. It is useful if the Air intake opening of the air conditioning fan is located in the floor area, as this creates a Circulation movement of the entire cab air is induced and so the effectiveness is improved. It should be taken into account here that the temperature differences between the ambient air and the air conditioning air must not be very large, in order to avoid damage to the health of the operating personnel. Already a drop the air temperature inside the driver's cab by, for example, 5 degrees out of 30 degrees Celsius to 25 degrees Celsius already leads to a noticeable improvement the Working conditions in the cab.

For underground operation, it is also useful if the air intake opening A dust separator and / or dust filter is connected upstream of the air conditioning fan. This causes damage to the air to be circulated in contact Coming parts, such as blowers, heat exchangers and air ducts, are avoided and leakage Avoided dust particles together with the air-conditioned air in the driver's cab, which is particularly special in the case of air leaks in the area of the dashboard Meaning is.

In an embodiment of the invention it is also provided that for temperature setting the cooling unit has a hot gas bypass on the pressure side of its compressor, which opens into the gas suction line of the compressor and with an adjustable, pressure-dependent control valve is provided that also a liquid gas bypass is provided, which opens into the gas suction line of the compressor and with a Control valve is provided, which depends on the temperature of the gases in the Gas suction line is actuated. With such an arrangement, the Set a constant pressure using the hot gas bypass. One special thermostatic control is not required, as the ambient temperature is usually remains constant in underground operation. The setting option serves above all, one for the respective operating area on the vehicle in question to specify a coordinated temperature difference. For this reason it is advisable to if the setting option is designed so that an adjustment is only possible with one Tool is possible to avoid constant manipulations during use by the Avoid operating personnel. The liquid gas bypass causes overheating of the compressor is avoided because the temperature-dependent control valve is used the liquid gas bypass by injecting liquid gas into the gas intake line the maximum permissible temperature of the compressor due to the resulting cooling effect can be sustained.

The injection point is expediently in the direction of flow Gases seen before the confluence of the hot gas bypass.

The invention is illustrated by means of schematic drawings of exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. They show: FIG. 1 a mine locomotive in a schematic representation Fig. 2 a, b, c, d possible arrangements for the cooling condenser with different Stake types Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram for a hydraulically driven air conditioning fan Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the air conditioning unit with control device.

Fig. 5 shows another arrangement of the cooling unit.

The mine locomotive 1 shown in Fig. 1 is on both of them Each end is provided with a cab 2, 3.

A drive motor 4 is used in addition to driving Hydraulic pump 5 and the compressor 6 of the refrigeration unit shown chemically 7 powered. The drive he of the compressor 6 of the cooling unit 7 he follows the illustrated embodiment via a pulley 8 on the shaft 9 of the fan wheel 10 of the engine cooling is attached. Between the cooler 11 of the Motor and the associated fan wheel 10 is in the illustrated embodiment the coolant condenser 12 of the cooling unit 7 is arranged.

Further arrangement options for the coolant condenser d 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 a, b, c, d.

The coolant condenser 12 is via corresponding supply lines 13, 14 each with a heat exchanger 15, 16 for generating the air-conditioned air in the driver's cab in connection. This is done in the heat exchangers 15, 16 via return lines 17, 18 evaporated coolant is returned to the cooling unit 7. Each of the two heat exchangers 15, 16 is assigned a fan 19, 20, with the aid of which the air to be cooled is blown through the associated heat exchanger 16 or 17.

The heat exchangers 15 and 16 represent together with the associated Blowers 19 and 20 are a structural unit and can basically be connected to any Place inside the cab it can be arranged. However, it must be taken into account here that once the space at a mine locomotive was very limited and that in each case the freedom of movement of the operator is taken into account must be taken. In addition, the air flow must be done in such a way that the operator is not directly exposed to the cooled air jet, even if by appropriately large exit cross-sections for the lowest possible exit speed the cooled air is taken care of. For example, the installation of the blower and heat exchanger existing cooling unit below the dashboard 21 or 22 possible, with the cooled air directed upwards along the front windows is blown out.

In the illustrated embodiment, the cooling unit is 15, 19 and 16, 20 each arranged below the driver's seat 23 and 24 so that the cooled air through a duct running in the back of the operator 25 or 26 guided upwards and above the operator by an oblique exit opening 27 directed downwards and forwards, so that air circulation arises according to the arrows drawn.

A particular advantage of this arrangement is, among other things, that the air duct is draft-free and that in addition the per se with thermal insulation provided partition 28 or 29 is additionally shielded from the engine compartment. The drive the fan 19, 20 takes place in the illustrated embodiment via hydraulic motors, which are connected to the central hydraulic supply 5 of the locomotive. Will in the vehicle concerned, the auxiliary functions instead of oil pressure using compressed air operated, the central hydraulic supply 5 is replaced by a corresponding air compressor, in which case the fans 19, 20 are equipped with corresponding compressed air motors.

In Figures 2 a, b, c, d are different possible arrangements for the coolant condenser 12 is shown.

As can be seen from Figure 2a and Figure 2b, are fundamental two different air ducts for cooling possible. In Figure 2a is a so-called pressing air duct and in Figure 2b a so-called sucking air duct shown. The use of one or the other air duct depends on the weather situation in the respective pit.

The arrangement of the coolant condenser 12 must now be carried out in this way be that it is in the cooling air flow of the fan wheel 10 so that the cooling air flow the coolant condenser is applied before it passes through the radiator 11 of the engine cooling system passes through. That is, the condenser heat exchanger 12 is always on the air inlet side to the radiator 11 for the vehicle engine.

The arrangement according to Fig. 2 a and b is only for designs with a cab possible. Locomotive designs with two cabs are located However, the air inlet and outlet openings on both long sides of the vehicle. Such arrangements are shown in FIG. 2 c for a pressing air duct and FIG. 2 d shown for an eye-opening air duct. With the pressing air duct in Fig. 2 c is again the condenser heat exchanger 12 on the air inlet side arranged to the vehicle radiator 11. In the area of the air outlet openings 30 are in this embodiment, oil cooler 31 is also installed.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 2 d lie with sucking air duct the condenser heat exchanger 12 in the area of the air inlet openings 30, namely so that they are still in front of the oil cooler 31, so that the sucked in cooling air also here first flows through the condenser heat exchanger before it is used as cooling air for the cooling of the oil or the vehicle radiator the associated radiator heat exchanger flows through.

In Figure 3 is the management of the hydraulic fluid to Drive the fan 19 and 20 in a particularly advantageous circuit arrangement shown. That from the central hydraulic supply 5 (here schematically only through the hydraulic pump shown) initially supplies the various Oil consumers of the locomotive, shown here schematically by the rectangle 32 are. That from the oil consumers via a collecting line 33 via a regulating valve 34 hydraulic oil discharged into a sump 35 is used to make use of the existing Residual pressure passed through a hydraulic motor 36, with which the fan 19 or 20 is driven. In this way, there is a pressure oil supply for the consumer 32 ensured to the full extent and any impairment or pressure reduction through the energy requirements of the cooling air fan are excluded. The cooling air fans are thus only supplied with "waste energy".

In FIG. 4, the cooling unit is shown on the basis of a flow diagram for the coolant shown as a whole. The still hot, gaseous, compressed by the compressor 6 Coolant is via a line 37 to the condenser heat exchanger 12, which is in the cooling air flow of the fan wheel 10 is supplied and cooled and liquefied there. That now liquid coolant is first fed to a collector 38 and arrives from there Via a dryer 39 and the pipeline 40 into the heat exchanger 15 for generation the air conditioning that is in the air flow generated by the fan 19. In the heat exchanger 15 evaporates the coolant with simultaneous extraction of heat from the carried out Conditioned air flow and is in vapor or gaseous form via the pipe 41 to the compressor 6 returned.

To set the desired temperature difference, between the Line 37 and the line 41, a hot gas bypass 42 is provided with an adjustable Pressure regulating valve 43 is provided. This bypass can also be used with changing Heat supply through the heat exchanger 15 the entire system under constant pressure are held, so that the heat exchanger 15 has a practically constant refrigeration capacity is available.

In order to prevent the compressor 6 from overheating with increased circulation To prevent hot, gasified refrigerant, line 40 is a conduit 44 branched off, in which an expansion valve 45 is arranged. The expansion valve 45 is connected to a temperature sensor 46 and is so from the Temperature sensor controlled that when the gas temperature is exceeded in the Suction line of the compressor additionally injected liquid coolant and so on the gas temperature in the suction line is reduced to a specified maximum temperature will. The desired temperature can be set at the place of use via the adjustable control valve 43 the cooled air withdrawn from the heat exchanger 15 is adjusted as desired will.

A pressure measuring device (47) can be used to adjust the adjustment with the aid of the Control valve (43) are monitored. With the appropriate calibration, the scale can be used immediately recorded as a temperature scale.

In Fig. 5 is another arrangement of the heat exchanger for generation the air conditioning in the driver's cab. In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 15 'arranged with its fan 19' below the dashboard 21 ', which on its top is provided with outlet slots 48 through which the air-conditioned Air flows into the cab.

From the above description it can be seen that the inventive Design of an air conditioning system for underground use also for stationary control rooms is advantageous in underground operation, since this is largely the same unfavorable Conditions with regard to the available space, firedamp safety applies in particular to the control options etc. Only the compressor drive can be done by an electric motor protected against firedamp.

Claims (8)

Designation: Vehicle, especially underground vehicle with air-conditioned Driver's cab claims 1. Air-conditioned control station, especially for an underground vehicle, a compressor cooling unit driven by an engine, in particular the vehicle engine with air-cooled condenser heat exchanger, a heat exchanger for the conditioned air with a fan and a temperature control device, thereby g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the condenser heat exchanger (12) in the cooling air flow on the Air inlet side of the engine cooler (11) is arranged. 2. Control center according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c hn e t, that the fan (19, 20) for the conditioned air is driven by a hydraulic motor (36) will. 3. Control center according to claim 2, characterized in that it is e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the hydraulic motor (36) is designed as a gear motor. 4. Control center according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c n e t that the hydraulic motor (36) is on the drain side in the hydraulic circuit of the vehicle is installed. 5. Control station according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the air-conditioning air exiting from the heat exchanger (15, 16) is over at least one channel (25, 26) is guided in the cab rear wall and the outlet (27) for the climatic air is located above the driver and preferably after directed forward. 6. Control station according to claim 5, characterized in that it is e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the air intake opening of the air conditioning fan (19, 20) is in the floor area. 7. Control station according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the air intake opening of the air conditioning fan (19, 20) is a dust collector and / or dust filter is connected upstream. 8. Control center, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 7, by the fact that the cooling unit is used to set the temperature on the pressure side of its compressor (6) has a hot gas bypass (42) which into the gas suction line (41) of the compressor (6) opens and the is provided with an adjustable, pressure-dependent control valve (43), that a liquid gas bypass (44) is also provided, which is in the gas suction line (41) of the compressor (6) opens and which is provided with a control valve (45), which is actuated depending on the gases in the gas suction line (41).