DE2309055A1 - ELECTRIC LOCK - Google Patents

Description

Tokyo Magnetic
Printing Co., Ltd.

Electrically operated lock

The invention relates to an electrically operated lock, that is to say a device for unlocking and locking a door or the like under the control of electrically coded signals,

There are electric locks known in which light, magnetism or electricity is used to set a special to control electrical or magnetic circuit within the lock mechanism itself. These circuits are complicated and so expensive that the locks equipped with them have so far not found any practical use.

Furthermore, it is in the known devices of this type

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relatively easy to make a master key or duplicate key; if the identifier of the master key changed is to be, the entire lock mechanism must be replaced at the same time.

The invention has the object of providing an electrically operated lock which is simple and inexpensive to construct, offers good protection against unauthorized use and enables the key identifier to be changed easily.

For this purpose, the lock according to the invention is characterized by a reading device for recorded on magnetic cards Signals, a logic write circuit for comparing the read signal with a stored reference signal and a Control stage for actuating the guard locking devices of the lock depending on the comparison result.

So if the reference signal and that of one introduced into the device Magnetic card read signal match, the locking devices of the lock are unlocked or locked.

It is now easily possible to change the stored reference signal or to store a new reference signal without changing the magnetic cards or the lock mechanism itself have to. Furthermore, a larger number of locks can be jointly or individually from a central control system open and close so that adaptability and

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Security of the arrangement are very high. This is especially true insofar as several different code SiTi ^ Ie are used in a simple V / eise to ^T <° t iti ^ unir ei.iec a ~ i% en lock ^; t are Vinnen, without de-ce- ^; o affect security.

Various embodiments of the invention are described below described with reference to the drawing.

Are in it

Figure IA A schematic diagram of the invention arrangement

Figure IB is a block diagram of a first embodiment the same

Figure 2 shows an example of the external appearance of the installed system

FIG. 3 shows an example of a magnetic card belonging to this

Figure ¹ IA - circuit diagrams of the various stages in HE Figure IB

Figure 5 is a block diagram of a second embodiment the invention

Figure 6 ^e i ⁿ more DETAILED diagram of the same figure 7 is a schematic diagram similar to Figure IA

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FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a third embodiment

Figure 9 timing diagrams to explain the execution and 10 shape according to Figure 8

Figure HA shows a more detailed circuit diagram of the third embodiment and

Figure HB shows a timing diagram for various actuators, the Arrangement according to Figure HA.

In the basic circuit diagram of Figure IA, 1 is a magnetic head, the serves to read the signals recorded on a magnetic card and feeds them to an amplifier 2. The one from this one Amplifier equalized and amplified pulse signals are fed to a logic write circuit 3, which they with a Compares reference signal previously stored in a memory 4 became. The comparison result is given to a control stage 5, which closes a power switch to a Power source 6 with an electrical locking mechanism 7 to associate.

The encrypted signal is on the magnetic track 12 of a magnetic card 11 (Figure 3). To operate the lock, the magnetic card 11 is inserted into a slot 8, the for example in a wall 9 next to the door 10 to be opened or closed (FIG. 2). Behind the

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Slot 8 is a magnetic head 1 according to Figure IA, which reads the key signal recorded on the magnetic card. If the read and amplified signal does not match the reference signal taken from the memory h , the circuit 3 does not emit an output signal and the firing is not actuated. If they match, on the other hand, an output signal is generated in the circuit 3 which causes the control stage to close the power switch and thus to connect the electric lock 7 to its power source 6. As a result, the locking mechanism is tilted, ie when a feedback signal triggered by the control stage 5 indicates that the lock 7 was closed, it is opened; however, if the feedback signal indicates that the lock 7 was open, it is closed. >

An additional device can be provided for actuating the control stage 5 without using a magnetic card. Through this For example, it is possible to open and close a door lock from the inside of a room by pressing a button. Furthermore, provision can be made to lock a plurality of electric locks connected to the control device to be operated simultaneously or selectively from a central point.

Figure IB shows a first embodiment of the electrical

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Castle complex. It contains two magnetic heads IA and IA ', the for scanning two parallel tracks on the in one. Slit inserted magnetic card are used. The magnetic head IA reads an encrypted signal, while the magnetic head IA 'determines the reading of a clock signal used for comparison is. The signals are amplified in 2A and 2B, as well as 2A 'and 23', equalized in 2C and 2C and again in 2D and 2D ' reinforced. Both signals are sent to a serial converter 3A supplied, which feeds a comparison stage 3B. These simultaneously receives a reference signal from a memory ^ A. The comparison result is fed to the control stage 5A, which, depending on the result of the comparison, the current source 6A with the electric lock 7A connects.

This circuit is explained in detail with reference to the figure ^ A - hE . The device shown relates to the case where the encrypted signal and the clock signal on the magnetic card each comprise 25 bits.

According to FIG. Hk , a key signal read by the magnetic head IA is amplified in the amplifiers 2A and 2B and equalized in the equalizer 2C. In the present example, this contains a non-stable multivibrator. The equalized signal is applied to the "key" terminal via the power amplifier 2D.

The clock signal read from the magnetic head IA 'becomes the same

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lit »« t

I 1

• t

Wise amplified and equalized and finally arrives at the "clock" terminal.

Figure * JB shows the serial parallel converter 3A from Figure IB. The successively arriving bits of the key signal applied to the "key" terminal appear at the individual terminals M-Ol to M-25 one after the other under control by the relevant pulses of the clock signal that is supplied to the "clock" terminal. They are then applied to the input terminals M-Ol to M-25 of a group of 25 flip-flops in Figure ^ C, which together with a group of 25 diodes in Figure ^ D form the comparison stage 3B. Figure HC shows only some of these flip-flops. Through the individual steps of the key signal , the flip-flops in Figure HC are set accordingly, so that they store the key signal in the form of a parallel signal with 25 bits.

In FIG HO these flip-flops are shown in symbolic form again. Their output terminals FOl to F50 are identical to the corresponding storage elements FOl to F50 of the storage stage HA in Figure HC. The output terminal FOl thus corresponds, for example, to the storage element FOl in FIG . HO.

Each of the diodes 3B in FIG. HO is connected to either the even-numbered or the odd-numbered output terminal of an associated flip-flop in accordance with the reference signal.

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For example, the diode furthest to the left in the drawing on its cathode side is either with the Ausgar.gs cycleme FOl or - connected to terminal F02, the second diode is connected to either terminal F03 or F04, etc. Sc The reference signal which causes the lock to be operated can be determined by the wiring of the diodes 3B in FIG will.

The diode group 3B forms an AND element, which is only a Output signal emits when the read signal and the reference signal completely match. In this case there is an output signal at the LS terminal, which is sent to the input terminal of the same name of the control stage 5A in FIG occurs again.

As FIG. 4E shows, the input signal actuates LS on Relay RA, which is used to close or open the electric lock mechanism. This contains an electromagnet and a mechanical guard locking.

In detail, a DC voltage of 24 volts and a stabilized DC voltage to terminal R12V of 12 V. When the magnetic card is inserted into the slot 8 in Figure 2, it closes one there attached microswitch that the terminal PS is grounded, whereby a relay RP picks up. As a result, the contact

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rp closed, putting the DC voltage on the transistors TRl and TR2 arrive and at the same time via a terminal R12VS the relevant input terminal of the stages described above is fed to the circuit. A reset signal for the various flip-flops is also applied to the "RESET" terminal generated in Figures 4B and 4C.

The control signal arriving at the LS terminal causes the relay RA to be excited via the transistors TR1 and TR2. Through this its contact ra2 is closed, whereby the voltage of 24 V is applied to the electromagnetic closing mechanism is fed. This contains an electromagnet, which is connected to the terminal ST, and one that can be adjusted by this mechanical guard locking. The relay RA maintains itself via the contact ral as long as the contact rp is closed is.

If the magnetic card is pulled out of the slot 8 after actuating the electric lock, the connection interrupted between terminal PS and earth. As a result, the relay RP drops and the contact rp interrupts the Power supply to the relay RA. This opens the contacts ral and ra2, so that the closing or opening process is terminated.

A relay RL is used to determine the state of the

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electric lock. His terminal DL is grounded if that electric lock is locked. Relay RT is used for automatic. Closing or opening the lock; a terminal AT of the same is grounded when the lock is open. (The contacts rl and rt are drawn in Figure ^ E in the state in which they are in the locked state of the lock.) Another relay RD is used to protect against power failure. In In such a case, the contact comes to the left position of the drawing, so that in the closed state of the striking mechanism a charge accumulated in the capacitor Cl through the contact rl and the electromagnet of the electric Lock can drain, causing it to pop open.

The terminals ML and MR are used to close and open the Lock by hand, e.g. via a push button or the like that is connected to the electromagnet.

The device described has the advantage that the key signal recorded on the magnetic card cannot be recognized from the outside, which makes forgery and unauthorized use considerably more difficult. If the magnetic card is lost or stolen, the stored reference signal can be easily changed by simply plugging it in; the production of a corresponding new magnetic card is much cheaper and easier than the production of a new key and the modification of a mechanical lock. In emergencies, all locks can be operated centrally

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I I

I <t. . ι

- 11 -

System can be opened at the same time without the need for individual magnetic cards. The described electrical The lock opens up new possibilities that cannot be reached with the known locks.

Eei the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG different keys can be used to open and close a single lock without affecting the individual To multiply information assigned to keys.

Often, in addition to the keys that only fit a single lock, master keys are to be used to create a group to operate different locks} sometimes central keys are also used to operate several each with a master key to open lock groups serve. It is also possible that the individual groups overlap, whereby the number of different keys that fit a lock is increased. This can be done through a corresponding Manage the design of the electric lock described easily.

It is assumed, for example, that 5 types of keys are to be suitable for a single lock and that the total information comprises 30 bits. Accordingly, there are 6 common bits for each key, which determine the setting of the lock. In this The reference code can relatively easily be entered with a

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Probability of 1/2 = 1/64 can be found, which seriously compromises security.

This risk of improper opening of the lock can be eliminated by removing the entirety of each key the available information is allocated. The total amount of information in this case is for the previous example 150 bits and the probability of an intentional opening of the lock through trial and error drops to 1/2, i.e. it will be practically useless to find out the reference code by trial and error. on the other hand However, information on the order of 150 bits is difficult to accommodate on a normal magnetic card and the comparison element in the electric lock system becomes correspondingly complicated.

If the key code is to be changed in such a system, it is not only necessary to switch the entire electric lock but all keys issued to the users must also be withdrawn and re-magnetized will. This is often practically impossible.

The arrangement according to FIG. 5 does not have this disadvantage. It shows a filing device 21, the from a magnetic card temporarily stores the code read in a memory stage 22. 23 is a storage system that has multiple memories 23-1, 23-2 .... 23-5 in parallel. The Ver-

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Equal stage 24 also contains a number of comparison ^{elements 2 1} II, 24-2... 24-5, which are each connected to an associated reference memory and the short-term memory 22. The outputs of all comparison elements are connected to an "OR" element 25, the output signal of which is fed to the electric lock 26. As before, the reading device 21 can be equipped with an amplifier and an equalizer or the like.

With the help of the arrangement of Figure 5, it is possible to the total amount of information regardless of the number of Define key types. If, for example, the total amount of information is again 30 bits and 5 key types are provided 30 bits are assigned to each of these keys, i.e. there are five different keys for a lock prepared. The probability that one of these keys will be found through systematic trial and error is then 5/2, so it is still immeasurably small, so that it is practically impossible to move the lock this way to open.

■ Furthermore, the number of memories 23 for the individual reference signals and the comparison elements 24 can be increased at will depending on the desired number of different keys. In the case of 5 key types, these can be 5 comparison elements

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be arranged in parallel.

The information to be stored in the memories 23 each consists of 30 bits, as does the key information. For example, the reference information of the key suitable only for this lock is stored in the memory 23-1 Reference information of a master key in the memory 23-2 and also the reference information of the fifth key in the Memory 23-5 · When the information obtained from a magnetic card by means of reading stage 21 arrives, it will temporarily held in the memory 22. From there it is sent simultaneously to all comparison elements 24 arranged in parallel and there with the individual reference information compared. If one of these items of reference information matches the information that has been read, a signal is sent on the "or" link 25; otherwise no signal is generated. The "or" element 25 gives the corresponding signal if necessary to the electric lock 26 to operate it. If there is no signal at the output of the "or" element 25, this shows that the key represented by the inserted magnetic card does not belong to the lock concerned fits.

It is easy to change the number of reference memories and comparison stages arranged in parallel at a later date.

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bigger or too. decrease so that the plant on request can be expanded at any time. However, part of the system can also be shut down again later.

FIG. 6 shows a practical embodiment of the second embodiment just described. One recognizes in the memory stage 23, the individual reference code memories Ml to M5. The other components are of themselves understandable.

FIG. 7 again shows the principle of the embodiments discussed so far in order to illustrate the comparison method used there to explain. When a Code signal is read, it appears at the output of reading stage 71 in series display and this The serial signal is temporarily stored in a serial-parallel converter 72 and converted into a parallel signal there. This parallel signal then reaches the comparison stage 73.

On the other hand, the reference signal previously entered into the memory Yk is fed in parallel to the comparison stage 73 at the same time in order to be able to compare the individual bits of the two signals with one another. If they all agree, a control signal which is used to actuate the electric lock 75 is generated.

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The parallel comparison requires that there must be as many output terminals of the serial parallel converter and the reference signal memory, as well as input terminals of the comparison stage, as the number of bits of the signals to be compared. If, for example, a signal consists of ^ O bits, there must be ¹ JO input and output terminals. This makes the cost of the facility quite large. This disadvantage is avoided in the third embodiment.

FIG. 8 shows a basic illustration of the third embodiment. 81 is the reading stage, 82 the comparison stage, 83 the reference signal memory, SU a coincidence memory, 85 an "and" element and 86 the electric lock. The amplifiers and pulse equalizers are omitted from this illustration.

Figures 9 and 10 show timing diagrams for different locations the arrangement of Figure 8, and Figure 9 relates to the coincidence of the read key signal with the reference signal and FIG. 10 for the case that the two signals do not match.

The signal read in the reading circuit 81 from a magnetic card or the like, which is denoted by S 1 in FIG. 9 and S ₂ in FIG. 10, is fed to the comparison stage 82 unchanged in the serial representation. Furthermore, a part of the signal read is given as a clock signal to the memory 83,

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in order to thereby synchronize the reference signal S stored there with the key signal to be read out and also fed to the comparison stage 82.

In the comparison stage 82, the two signals are compared with one another cyclically in series operation. As long as they agree a signal S, from the comparison stage 82 is given to the coincidence stage 84, which as a result constant signal S ^ (here of low level) to the "and" element 85 gives.

When the complete key signal S. is read and compared with the reference signal S, the reference signal memory 83 outputs an end signal to the "AND" element 85, which is thereby opened and, if the coincidence _{signal S 1 is present} , a control signal S ₇ to the electric lock 86 there to press this.

If, on the other hand, the two signals do not match _{, a signal S 1 occurs at those points at which the key signal S 2} deviates from the reference signal S. The corresponding pulses pass from the comparison stage 82 to the coincidence memory 84. Since this only reverses the polarity of its output signal when the signals do not match, the signal S ^ now generates an output signal Sg which is sent to the "and" element 85 and this stops. Therefore, after the comparison has ended, the

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When the end signal occurs, it does not trigger a control signal for the electric lock 86, but only a non-actuation. signal Sg on, so that the electric lock is in its previous State remains.

The embodiment described has the advantage that the Number of connections between the individual stages can be reduced to a minimum that a special converter of series in parallel representation is omitted and that the comparison stage is structured more simply.

Figure HA shows a practical embodiment for this embodiment. Figure HB shows the signal curve at the points in the figure HA marked with the same numerals.

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Claims (6)

76/002-Dr. Hk / bgr Tokyo Magnetic 22. Feb. 1973 Printing Co., Ltd. Claims 1.J Electrically operated lock, characterized by a reading device (1) for signals recorded on magnetic cards, a logic circuit (3) for comparing the read signal with a reference signal ^{present in a memory stage (2} O and a control stage (5) for actuating the Locking of the lock mechanism (7) depending on the comparison result. 2. Lock according to claim I _1, characterized in that the control stage has a device (ML) for generating the actuation signal by hand. 3. Lock according to claim 1 ₍ characterized in that the reading stage includes a magnetic head (IA), an amplifier (2A, 2B) and an equalizer (2C) connected to it. 309846/0332 holds and that the circuit has a series-parallel converter (3A) and a comparison stage (3B). 4. Lock according to claim 3, characterized in that the reading stage except for the magnetic head with connected amplifier and equalizer for the key signal recorded on a magnetic card is another magnetic head (IA ') with amplifier (2A ^!, 2B ¹ ) and equalizer (2C) for Evaluation of a clock signal recorded on the magnetic card and that the outputs of both equalizers are connected to the serial converter. 5. Lock according to claim 1, characterized in that a memory (22) between the reading stage (21) and the logical Circuitry is inserted to temporarily store the read signal that in the reference signal storage stage (23) several storage tanks (23-1 to 23-5) for different . dene reference signals are provided which a plurality of different to be used for the lock in question Keys correspond to the fact that each of these memories has its own comparison element (24-1 to 24-5) for comparison with is connected to the read and temporarily stored key signal and that the outputs of all comparison elements at the input of the control stage (26), so that several independent key signals for Actuation of the lock can be used. 309846/0332 -Jr- 6. Lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the Reading stage (8l) reads the signal recorded on the magnetic card as a serial signal that the storage stage (83) under control of the read signal (S., Sp) previously input reference signal (S) outputs clockwise and synchronously with the read signal that the logic circuit contains a comparison stage (82) which clocks the read signal and the reference signal in series operation compares with each other that a coincidence memory (3 * 0 the comparison results up to Completion of the comparison stores and that the control stage contains an "AND ^ element (85), which on the one hand the Output signal of the coincidence memory and, on the other hand, an end signal from the reference signal memory (83) after completion contains the comparison, whereby if necessary the control stage of the electric lock (86) a Actuation command received. 309846/0332 Blank page