DE2263803A1 - GRID FOR LIGHTING FITTINGS - Google Patents

Description

23 239

Poul V / illumsen, Lyngb; /, Denmark

GRILLE FOR LIGHTING FITTINGS

A lighting fixture for use in a frame with one or more light sources and a number of self-supporting reflector bodies or gratings are known. Such grids can have a directional effect, as is known from the so-called Niederhelligkeitsgi ttern, which controlled you Throw down the luminous flux on a limited, illuminated area, or they can be designed as a screening grille, the one Provide diffuse room lighting. With the so-called low brightness grids, all vertical surfaces of the grid are as Parabolic arc surfaces formed, whereby the grid is the light source shields against direct view, and the grille has a cloudy, semi-gray appearance in side view. These low brightness grids grant a controlled luminous flux, so only illuminate a limited area. The well-known screening grids, which consist of a number of mutually perpendicular, plane-parallel surfaces, result in a diffuse luminous flux, that illuminates a room, but with this grille you can see the actual light source from certain angles.

The object of the invention is to create a grid that can be used by both a low-brightness grid and a shielding grid has originating properties. The grating according to the invention is partially controlled Luminous flux on a primarily illuminated object, partly room lighting. A fitting with such a grille partly came

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give a strong illumination of the object under the fitting, partly at the same time a precisely adjusted light intensity in all of them Have directions from which the fitting is usually viewed, so that on the one hand you are sure to be dazzled by the Avoids fitting and on the other hand achieves that it appears so bright that it is an architecturally correct part of the The space in which it is located is felt by having a clear sense of where the light is coming from. A grid of this In contrast to previously known fluorescent tube fittings, Art can be used for both ceiling and wall lighting.

The grid for lighting fittings for ceiling lighting or wall lighting is characterized in that the grid from a system of equidistant, open, tubular bodies with consists of both "outer convex, reflective surfaces and inner concave, reflective surfaces, the surfaces being simple or are doubly curved and each have a jacket curve whose radius of curvature is invariable or when removed from a light source increases, and the centers of curvature of the cladding curves both surfaces are provided in the direction of the inside of the tube, and that the end of the tube-shaped tube facing the light source Body has a smaller inner cross-sectional area than the end facing away from the light source and that finally the grid is constructed in such a way that the incident light flux is transmitted both through and around the tubular body. Means Such a grating ensures that the luminous flux coming from the light source partially passes through the tubular body and on the object to be primarily illuminated

as a controlled luminous flux is deflected down, partly that a certain percentage of the luminous flux the grid passes outside the tubular body by passing through the spaces between them, where the luminous flux is reflected against the outer convex surfaces and through the openings of the furthest away from the light source Gaps through as a diffuse luminous flux will flow out. In side view, the grid will give the impression of a number darker fields, emanating from the tubular bodies that cast no light sideways, and a number of luminous ones

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Surfaces that are ejected diffusely from the outer surfaces Luminous flux originate, give.

The grid is further characterized in that the individual bodies are rotating bodies, the envelope curves of which are essentially parabolic arcs, and that the envelope curve for the outer convex surface can conform to the envelope curve for the inner concave surface and in particular that the body is a rotary body. whose axis of rotation forms a given angle to the main axis of a curve of the formula y = ρ · χ ¹¹ , of which the envelope curve is a part. The grid is particularly characterized in that the curve of which the envelope curve of the rotating body is a part is a parabola of the second degree. Thereby it is achieved that the luminous flux through the body can be distributed in a safe, controlled manner by either calculating mathematically or by experimenting with regulating the luminous flux through the body.

The grating is further characterized in that the focal point of the envelope curve is on or near that of the light source first located edge of the rotating body is. This ensures a reliable light distribution of the luminous flux the body guaranteed. Furthermore, it is the furthest away from the light source Edge of the body in relation to the geometric height of the body determined by the fact that light rays, dis emanate from the edge nearest the light source and one have a given angle to the axis of the body, just cut off the parabolic arcs at their points distant from the light source. This achieves that the entire luminous flux that passes through the opening that is initially located in the light source, as controlled light flows out through the aperture furthest from the light source at a desired given angle.

In another embodiment that is according to the invention Lattice characterized in that the individual body in cross section have the shape of a flat or spherical polygon with two sides, and that the convex and concave faces of the Body have envelope curves, which are elliptical, hyperbolic or parabolic arcs, and that the envelope curves for the surfaces are a parabola of the second degree. By thus creating the shape the individual body varies, the amount of controlled

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lated luminous flux in relation to the amount of diffuse emanating from the surface of the grating that is furthest away from the light source Change luminous flux,

The second embodiment is further characterized in that that a focal line or a focal point for a surface is essentially on that of the light source Edge of the body and the surface in question. This achieves a safe distribution of the Light source coming from the luminous flux falling into the body.

The grid according to the second embodiment is still characterized in that the edge of the body furthest from the light source in relation to the geometric height of the body is determined by the fact that light rays emanating from the edge located first of the light source and an inclination of a given square angle - for example 45 - to the grid, the parabolic arcs in their furthest away from the light source Cut off points. This has the consequence that all the luminous flux entering the body as a controlled luminous flux flows out from that surface of the grating which is furthest away from the light source.

The above grids are further characterized in that the individual bodies are cast, glued or otherwise are mutually arranged so that they form a whole in a given pattern, which is desired by the lighting technology Effect is determined. This means that the amount of controlled light is higher in relation to the size of the body than the amount of diffuse light flowing through it, by keeping the area of the spaces between the individual bodies as possible becomes low.

The grid is further characterized in that the individual bodies are mutually attached so that their geometric Center points - both in the direction from the light source and from the other side of the grating to the light source looking towards it - form a planar polygonal or spherical polygonal pattern. This ensures that the grid has a An embodiment that gives it an attractive appearance both when the lighting is switched on and when it is switched off, which is of considerable importance for technical reasons

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is.

The grid is also characterized in that the individual body with a known shielding grille Potted parallel walls at right angles to each other or arranged in some other way in this or mutually through this are connected. As a result of this feature, one can see the relationship between the controlled luminous flux flowing through it and regulate the diffuse luminous flux flowing through it.

The above-mentioned embodiment is further characterized in that the individual bodies are inserted in such a way that that their axis of rotation coincides with a removed cross in the shielding grille, or that the individual bodies are inserted in this way are that their axis of rotation coincides with the line of intersection of the horizontal diagonals for the individual openings of the shielding grille3. This creates a simple geometric pattern that is easy to manufacture «.

The grille also has the significant feature that the shield grille is less than the height of the individual bodies. This ensures that the screening grille does not prevent any part of the luminous flux that is initially located at the light source To meet the opening of the body, as one also ensures that the largest possible percentage of the luminous flux of the light source hits the screen and continues that di'ü Number of reflections is reduced before the diffuse luminous flux leaves that surface of the grating that is covered by the Farthest away from the light source.

The grid is also characterized in that it is made of a material that can be formed into plates, for example plastic. This material may be glass or metal, but this is not practical _1εΐ:; because this gives the grille an unnecessarily heavy weight; by using plastic it is achieved that the grid can be carried out in a simple operation, for example by casting.

Furthermore, the grid is characterized; cIssf the Mirror coating from a metallization of the ¥ ErkstoifobirJ: I surface or from a surface L- ^ which is apical on both sides, which on one or both side surfaces with a

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clear material is coated. In the preferred embodiment a metallization of the material surface is preferred, as this results in the least loss of light.

Another feature of the grid is that when certain surfaces are covered with mirrors, for example all surfaces outside the Inside the body, a color pigment can be added. This ensures that the controlled Lichtstroni from the light source to the primarily illuminated object is as large as possible, while looking through the tint, which by adding a color pigment is achieved, a small attenuation of the diffuse luminous flux is achieved so that the diffuse luminous flux does not as cold reflected light, but rather as warm, pleasant room lighting.

According to the embodiment, the grid also has that according to the invention Feature that the transmitted light is partly known as a controlled luminous flux - accordingly known per se Low-brightness grids, i.e. grids where the side surfaces essentially make up parabolic surfaces - partly as one diffuse luminous flux distributed according to the luminous flux distribution in the case of shielding grids known per se, i.e. grids, the side surface essentially consisting of plane-parallel surfaces, and that it has a light distribution curve substantially as shown in FIG. 11 and described in more detail below.

The grid is finally characterized in that a light distribution curve is symmetrical in a polar coordinate system around the O axis, and that it runs as a closed curve of the 9o ^o -axis ^ norizontafer ^e tangent and otherwise has a substantially pear-shaped curve with a marked impressions of the upper part of the pear-shaped curve, so that the pear-shaped curve has two turning points on both sides of the axis of symmetry in the upper part of the pear-shaped curve, or that the light distribution curve has the shape of a pear cut with a concise extension on the stem, which the curve the Perm a longitudinal section in a Babushka doll gives * This light distribution curve is not known from any previously accessible fluorescent tube fitting and must therefore be considered a new, surprising effect of the invention

3 0 9 8 2 fe. ' η 3 9 6

are designated according to the grid. This is also evident in case one studies "British Zonal Classification" published by the "Illuminating Engineering Society" in the "I.E.S. Technical Report No. 2: The Calculation of Utilization Factor - the B.Z. Method ", London, revised edition February 1971, and their Light distribution curves for comparison measurements with other fittings all have an essentially pointed oval shape.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it

1 shows a grille according to the invention for lighting fixtures for ceiling lighting or wall fittings seen in section along the line I-I in Fig. 2,

FIG. 2 shows a detail of a grating according to FIG. 1 in the direction of the light source,

FIG. 3 shows another mesh ¹ according to the invention in section along the line III-III in FIG. 4,

FIG. 4 shows a detail from a grating according to FIG. 3 seen in the direction of the light source,

Fig. 5 Construction of a rotating body for the fitting in Fig. 1, labeled V, and construction of the surfaces in Fig. 3>

6 shows the passage of light through a parabola of rotation such as used in the grid,

7 light distribution for an unshielded fluorescent tube ,

8 shows two examples of light distribution curves for fluorescent tube fittings, wherein the grating consists of plane-parallel surfaces which are substantially illuminated by the light source Object are directed,

Fig. 9 light distribution curve for armature with two fluorescent tubes, which shield at angles of more than 45 °,

Fig. Io light distribution curve from an experiment in lighting technology Laboratory,

11 light distribution curve from an experiment in the light engineering laboratory with the characteristic shape of the light distribution curve of the grating according to the invention.

From Fig. 1 and 2, a grating 1 according to the invention can be seen, the reference number 2 rotating body with both outer, convex, reflective surfaces 3 as well as inner, concave, reflective

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denotes the surfaces 4. The individual bodies 2 are on one Shielding grille attached or cast in one piece with this, and the shielding grille consists of a number of mutually perpendicular, walls 6, 7 interrupted in places. As can be clearly seen from FIG. 2, every second one of the walls 6, 7 is continuous and every second one of the walls 6, 7 is interrupted by body 2. The walls 6, 7 are reflective on all surfaces. The walls 6, 7 are shorter than the body 2 and are furthest away from the light source 5 Edge B. The bodies 2 can also be attached in the right-angled squares of the shielding body, see above that the axis of rotation of the body coincides with the intersection of the diagonals, for example in a checkerboard pattern. Possibly If the screening grille came to be left out entirely, and the individual bodies can be farthest away from the light source 5 Edge B be mutually attached.

The bodies 2 are rotating bodies with a jacket curve whose radius of curvature increases in the direction away from the light source 5, and with a center of curvature for ¹ their jacket curve in the direction out of the inside of the tube. In the embodiment particularly shown here, the jacket curve consists of parabolic arc pieces of a parabola of the second degree. The mantle curve and the construction of the bodies will be explained in more detail below.

Another embodiment of the grating according to the invention is shown in FIGS. The grid 1 is composed here of a number of bodies 2 ^f which have the shape of a square in cross section and are mutually connected by their edge furthest from the light source. However, other planar polygons or spherical polygons can also be used to give the cross-sectional pattern. Surfaces 3 ', 4 · the body 2 ^! are reflective and simply curved in the example shown, with a jacket curve whose radius of curvature increases with distance from a light source 5 and with a center of curvature for the jacket curve in the direction of the inside of the tube. In the embodiment shown here, the jacket curves are parabolic arcs of a parabola of the second degree. It should be noted that abutting corners of the individual surfaces 3, 3 ', 4' resemble arched hipped roofs in shape.

In the construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the aforesaid is made Shielding grid omitted by adding the outer convex

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Surfaces of the individual bodies in each individual field a shielding grid field with essentially the same photometric effect as a corresponding field in a shielding grille known construction.

The constructions shown here are in larger. Or Smaller sections were cast from plastic and then joined and glued together. Then the pre-fab grid is opened all surfaces are metallized with a highly reflective material, for example aluminum, whereupon the grid may be is immersed in a suitable stain to make the reflective surface resistant to corrosion etc. One Another embodiment consists in constructing the grid from reflective surfaces, which are then covered with a translucent Material, for example clear plastic, are coated. This latter solution, however, results in a somewhat more expensive one heavier fitting and is therefore not appropriate.

In order to attenuate or tone the luminous flux outside the bodies 2, 2 ', the spaces 8, 8 ¹ between the bodies can be covered with a translucent plate made of a material, for example plastic or glass, to which a dye has been added. Another possibility for the attenuation of the Lichtsti'oms the body consists in the addition of a pigment for the metallisation of the outer face 3, 3 ¹ of the body and for the mutually perpendicular plane-parallel walls 6, 7 · From Figure 5, it is the design of the barrel cam. for the

Areas 3, 4 and 3 '»4 ¹ protrude. A parabola P of the formula

ρ
7 = ρ * x with the main axis A is drawn in a manner known per se. A straight line with the angle V to the main axis is drawn through the focal point B-, the parabola, which straight line intersects the parabola P in Bp. The middle perpendicular C on E-. and Bp are drawn wildly, and the parabolic arc BpDp is mirrored over with the perpendicular C as the axis of symmetry in BnD ₁ . The edge located first of the light source 5, 5 ' is determined by the straight line B-, B-,

Ic

while the edge furthest from the light source 5, 5 'by pulling determined by straight lines from B- and Bp with the angle V to the perpendicular will. The intersection of this straight line with the original parabola or the mirrored parabola determines that of the light source 5, 5 'furthest edge of the body, if one is rotating body

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if you wish, the center perpendicular C is used as the axis of rotation ". For others Cross sections of the body 5, the curve is shifted along the desired curve in space.

The passage of light through an optical system with inner parabolic surfaces is described in the following text, that of the lighting technology Laboratory, the polytechnic school, the Technical University of Denmark, with reference explained in more detail on FIG. 6.

"Fig. 6 shows an optical system with the property that the top of the system under any Light hitting the angle of incidence can leave the underside of the system at an angle with a vertical line, whichever is always is less than or equal to V.

The system consists of opposing reflective surfaces, the vertical lines of which make up parabolas P- and Pp.

These parabolas are symmetrical about the vertical axis of the system, as explained above. In a rotationally symmetrical system, the parabolas can be made to face each other cover up.

The parabola P-. has the focal point B-, and the axis A-, which form the angle V with the vertical axis.

The parabola Pp, which _{is symmetrical with P 1} , is placed in such a way that it passes the focal point B-, for the parabola P-. For reasons of symmetry, the focal point Bp for the parabola Pp must therefore lie on the parabola P-.

Only that part of the parabola Pp which is fully drawn out in the figure and lies between the focal point B- and the point of intersection with the straight line Lp, which is determined by the fact that it passes through the focal point Bp of P ₂ and the angle V with vertical axis is used.

The corresponding part of P- is used. The mode of action of the system is as follows:

An imaginary light source is placed at the focal point B-. Those rays which hit the opening B of the system from this light source leave the system immediately in directions which form an angle with a vertical axis which is smaller than V. All rays that hit the parabola P _{1 from B 1} are reflected in a direction that makes the angle V

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forms with a vertical axis. Rays that hit the parabola V ₉ from B- must also be reflected in directions that form small angles with a vertical axis.

If the light source is on the straight line between B, and Bp, only the ray that hits the parabola P-, in Bp, becomes be reflected at the angle V. All other rays will be sent out at different angles.

For light sources that are above the straight line B -, - Bp, the same applies, and it can consequently be seen that no ray of light can leave the system in directions which form an angle form larger than V with a vertical axis.

The opening B of the system is chosen arbitrarily; The relationship but between the height H and the opening B is geometrically determined, by the straight lines L-, and Lp, which make the angle V with perpendicular Form the axis, just the parabolas F η and Pp in their upper and should intersect the lower points, as explained above ". ■

The Light Technology Laboratory, the Polytechnic School and the Technical University, Denmark have a measurement made photometric properties of the inventive optical grating. The measuring principle is on the pages 79 to 88 of the magazine "Lampetten" No. 4/1967, published by the Lighting Technology Society of Denmark described. The principle of the measuring method is based on the fact that a special photocell is used, which is at least the the same size as the armature and is designed so that it is now sensitive to the light that enters it falls perpendicular to the surface, so that, among other things, the distance from the fitting to the measuring photocell can be reduced.

A photocell, which is only sensitive to perpendicular incident light, measures the actual light intensity of the fitting provided that the photocell is at least the same size as the armature and the sensitivity of the cell is the same over the entire surface, in that each surface element of the cell corresponds to the luminous intensity of the corresponding surface element the valve measures. The summation then takes place in the photocell. This luminous intensity measurement is evident from the Abfand completely independent between the fitting and the cell, and the cell can therefore be attached as close to the fitting as this

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is mechanically possible.

For this purpose, a specially designed photocell has been used, which consists of a white inner cavity, one of which flat side is a grid that allows the passage of light that hits the grid within a very small angle to the normal, allowed. The light that penetrates through the grating into the cavity is reflected by its white surfaces and with it summed up and measured by a photomultiplier. To ensure that the loan in the photocell is essentially vertical to this occurs, a special control grid has been produced, which consists of eight approximately 1 cm thick layers, each have a hole on the surface facing the light source; the holes are centered on each other so they have one Control the light beam from the armature down to the photocell. The actual measurement is made by the fact that the photocell 36o ° is rotated around the centrally located fitting. It should be noted that the Commision International d'Eclarage comite E.-2.3, Photometric Requirements for Luminaries has recognized the measurement principle.

In the case of the one carried out with the grid according to the invention In the experiment, the grid was arranged so that its plane formed an angle of 45 ° with the photocell and the transmission factor or the light distribution curve of the grating were measured.

Before measuring the light distribution for the grating, a comparative experiment was carried out to determine the light distribution for the showed radiation incident on the grating.

To assess the invention, FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 show light distribution curves partly for a fluorescent tube without a fitting, partly for a previously used fluorescent tube fitting. 7 to 9 are based on the booklets "Lys og Belysning" published by the Aschehoug Dansk Forlag, Copenhagen 1967/1968 (Light and lighting) Nos. 3, 4 and 5> Pages 3 to 29, 5 to 25 and 4 to Io are reproduced. It is clear from FIGS. 8 and 9 it can be seen that the light distribution curves for the fluorescent tube fittings generally used up to now are essentially convex are.

If one compares these curves with the light distribution curve in FIG. 11, which is a light distribution curve of the invention

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Lattice shows, it can be seen that the lattice according to the invention is a Has light distribution curve that is substantially "pear-shaped." or has the shape of a babushka doll, i.e. with a marked indentation of the upper part of the pear-shaped curve and so that the pear-shaped curve has two turning points on both sides of the axis of symmetry in the upper part of the pear-shaped curve and that the pear figure has a striking extension on the stem. The description received from the lighting laboratory the investigation reads:

"Subject: Built-in mirrored grid, manufacturer Poul Willumsen. Extent of investigation: Measurement of photometric Properties for optical grating.

A grille that is used under a fitting will not only transmit light but also reflect it. The reflected light will go back in the armature and therefore hit the grille again to a certain extent and be transmitted. The total transmission of the grille will therefore depend to some extent on the design of the fitting to which it is mounted.

In order to obtain unambiguous measurement results, the grids are hence illuminated from above with diffuse light in such a way, that the light reflected from the surface of the grating does not reflect back to the grating to any noticeable extent can be.

The transmission factor of a grating is the ratio between the transmitted luminous flux and the incident luminous flux. The transmission factor can be used when comparing different grids, but cannot easily be used for apply an assessment of the efficiency of a real valve.

The light distribution curve for the radiation incident on the grating is drawn in such a way that the maximum light intensity Io is divided amounts to. The light distribution curves for the grids were drawn from this determination of the scale ratio.

Measurement result:

The transmission factor for the grating is 55%. The measured Light distributions are attached in curve form. "

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It is obvious that a grating with the light distribution curve shown, as indicated in the description, can be implemented in many other ways. These embodiments are also encompassed by the purpose of the invention because they will be obvious to a person skilled in the art on the basis of the statements contained in the present description.

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Claims (28)

15th
Claims. ( 1.) Grid for lighting fixture for ceiling lighting or wall lighting, characterized in that the grid (1) consists of a system of equidistant, open, tubular body (2) with both outer convex, reflective surfaces (3) and inner concave, reflective surfaces (4), the surfaces are single or double curved and each have a jacket curve whose radius of curvature is invariable or increases with distance from a light source (5) and the centers of curvature of the jacket curves of both surfaces are provided in the direction of the tube interior, and that the end of the tubular body (2) facing the light source (5) has a smaller internal cross-sectional area than the end facing away from the light source, and finally the grid is constructed in this way; that the incident light flux is transmitted both through and around the tubular body. 2. Grid according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual bodies are rotating bodies. 3. Grid according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that that the jacket curves are essentially pieces of parabolic arcs and that the jacket curve for the outer convex surface (3) can conform to the envelope curve for the inner concave surface (4). 4. Grid according to claim 3, characterized in that the body is a rotating body, the axis of rotation (C) of which forms a given angle (V) to the main axis (A) of a curve of the formula y = ρ · x ⁿ , of which the envelope curve is a component . 5. Grid according to claim 4, characterized in that that curve, the envelope curve of which (Ρ - ^, Ρ2) of the rotating body Constituent part, is a parabola of the second degree (P) and that the axis of rotation (C) is a given angle (V) to the principal axis (A) forms. 6. Grid according to claim 4 and 5, characterized in that that the focal point (B-,) of the mantle curve (P-,) on or in the vicinity of the edge of the rotating body (2) which is initially located at the light source (5). 7. Grid according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the most distant from the light source (5) 309828/0396 Edge (B) of the body in the ratio ^ ui geometric height (H) of the body is determined by the fact that light rays (L-. And Lp), from the edge (B- ^, B ₂ ) which is located next to the light source (5) go out and have the given angle (V) to the axis of the body (2), just cut the parabolic arcs (P - ,, Pp) at their points furthest from the light source (5). 8. Grid according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual body (2) in cross section has the shape of a flat or spherical polygons with at least 2 sides. 9. Grating according to claim 8, characterized in that the convex and concave surfaces (3 '>4') of the body have envelope curves which are essentially parabolic arcs (P-, ', P ₂ ¹ ). .10. Grid according to claim 8, characterized in that that the envelope curve for the surfaces is a parabola of the second degree (P). 11. Grating according to claim 9 and 10, characterized in that a focal line or a focal point for an area (3 ', V) essentially on that of the light source first located edge of the body and the surface in question is opposite. 12. Grating according to claim 8 to 11, characterized in that the edge (B) of the body (2) furthest away from the light source is determined in relation to the geometric height (H) of the body in that light rays (L - ^, Lp) which start from the edge (B ₁ JB ₂ ) next to the light source and have an inclination of, for example, 45 ° to the grid, just cut the parabolic arcs (P, P ₉ ) at their points furthest from the light source (5). 13. Grid according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual bodies (2, 2 ') cast, glued or otherwise mutually attached so that they make up a whole in a given pattern, which is determined by the desired lighting effect. 14. Grid according to claim 13, characterized in that that the individual bodies (2,2 ') are mutually attached so that their geometric centers are both in the direction 309828/0396 from the light source ^ 5.5 ^f ) as well as from the other side of the grid (1) to the light source (5.5 ^f ) as seen, form a plan-polygonal or spherical polygonal pattern. 15 grating according to claim 14, characterized in that that the individual bodies (2.2 ·) with a known shielding grid with mutually perpendicular plane-parallel Walls (6,7) potted or otherwise arranged in this or mutually connected by this. 16. Grid according to claim 15, characterized in that that the individual bodies (2, 2 ') are inserted in such a way that that its axis of rotation (A) coincides with a removed cross in the shielding grille. 17. Grid according to claim 15, characterized in that the individual bodies (2) are inserted so that its axis of rotation (A) coincides with the line of intersection of the horizontal diagonals for the individual openings in the shielding grille (6, 7). . 18. Grid according to claim <15, dadiircVg ekennzeichn e t that the shielding grid (6, 7) has a lower height than the individual bodies. 19. Grid according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized gekennzeichne.t that it is made of one material that can be formed into plates, for example plastic. 20. Grid according to any one of the preceding claims., Characterized characterized in that the mirror coating consists of a metallization of the material surface or of a per se there is a reflective surface on both sides, which is covered on one or both side surfaces with a transparent material is covered. 21. Grid according to claim 20, characterized in that certain at the mirror documents E _"läolien} example, all surfaces, a color pigment is added GEK β η η ζ eic Ii net outside of the inner sides of the body. 22. Grid according to claim 13 to 21, characterized in that g e k e η η, that the spaces (8,8 *) between the bodies (2,2 ') with opalescent material, for example glass or clear plastic, optionally with the addition of a color pigment, are partially filled or covered. 23. Grating according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed in such a way that the transmitted light is partly as a controlled luminous flux, corresponding to known low-brightness lattices, ie lattices, the side surfaces essentially making up parabolic surfaces, partly as a diffuse one Luminous flux distributed, corresponding to the luminous flux distribution in shielding grids known per se, ie grids where the side surfaces consist essentially of plane-parallel surfaces. 24. Grating according to claim 1 to 22, characterized in that a light distribution curve is substantially has the shape as in FIG. 25 · Grating according to claim 1 to 22, characterized in that a light distribution curve in one polar · coordinate system is symmetrical about the O ° axis and that it appears as a closed curve under the 90 ° axis with the 90 ° axis as a horizontal tangent and with a Bulge runs just below the 90 ° axis and otherwise a substantially pear-shaped curve with a marked Pressing in the upper part of the pear-shaped curve is so that the pear-shaped curve has two turning points on either side the axis of symmetry in the upper part of the pear-shaped curve. 26. Grating according to claim 1 to 22, characterized in that the light distribution curve has the shape of a Pear cut with a concise extension on the stem, which curve has the shape of a longitudinal cut in a Babucchka doll confers. 27 · Grating according to claim 1 to 26, characterized in that by mechanical change in the size ratio between the opening of the tubular bodies and the opening located between the bodies is the ratio of the Luminous flux transmitted through the body varies to the luminous flux transmitted around the body, whereby the size of the bulge of the curve below the 90 axis is changed. 28. Grid according to the preceding claims, characterized ge Flag with HNET that it is mainly as described above and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and has the features shown on the curve.