DE2150348A1 - Closing, hold-open, and locking device for a door or the like., In particular for a door with hidden hinges - Google Patents

Description

Attorney file 21 665

Mauno K. Koivusalo Turku / PINNLAND

"Locking, hold-open and locking device for a door or the like, in particular for a door with hidden Fishing"

The invention relates to a closing, hold-open and locking device for a door or the like, in which device all of the above punctures in one and the same set of devices is favorably united,

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Furthermore, the invention relates to such coordination the hinge for a door or the like and a locking, hold-open and locking device for the same, which can be hidden from view in the door and / or in the door post so that all these devices at closed door are hidden from view. When using a device according to the invention, it is not necessary To install a special locking device with a twist grip, as this function is also compatible with the others Punctures of the device is combined.

The invention is based on a known door locking device in which a helical spring is inserted into a tubular member is introduced, which is tensioned when the door is opened and generates a force closing the door. One such Spring link can either be installed in connection with the door or with the door frame or embedded in this will. If the spring member is, for example, in connection with the door frame, the closing one is Force has usually been transmitted to the door by means of various lever arms or similar elements. The locking devices were hydraulic built into the same tubular member as the spring device or pneumatic devices formed by a cylinder and a piston, which control the speed of the closing movement limit the door and slow it down.

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The construction of the locking, hold-open and locking device for a door or the like according to the invention is in the The main thing as follows. A helical spring is provided inside a tubular cylinder, one end of which leans against the closed bottom of said cylinder. The other end of the coil spring is against the closed end of a second cylinder which can move in said cylinder. In the second cylinder What remains is a cylindrical space which is divided by a piston into two sub-spaces, the one with the first-mentioned tubular space The cylinder is firmly connected. The space in the second cylinder is with hydraulic fluid or with gas filled, and the piston that moves in this space has the purpose of increasing the speed of the door's closing movement dampen and limit. This is achieved by means of the damping effect of the restricted flow of the liquid or the Gas achieved from one side of the piston to the other. At the end of the opposite to the attack end of the spring said second cylinder is rotatably mounted a ball, roller or the like by means of an axis, which ball, Roller or the like is in contact with a roll bar when the device assembly is functioning. The roll-off rail is of such a type and it is attached to the door or the door frame in such a way that its projection onto one of the Door vertical plane is an arc of a circle with the door hinge axis as the center, the arc length of which is slightly greater than that opening angle of the door is. The roll-off rail, which is firmly attached to the door or the door frame, forms for the

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Ball or roller of the above spring member has an inclined rolling surface. When the roll-off rail is attached in connection with the door, the spring member is attached to the door frame, or the attachment is also reversed. When the door is opened, the inclined rolling surface of the rolling rail forces the spring in the spring member to compress in such a way that the energy required to close the door is stored in this spring. In the roll-off rail, a recess is provided at that point which is connected to the ball or roller of the spring member when the door is in the open position, the purpose of which is to hold the door in the open position. When the door has been opened and the ball or roller of the spring member has entered said recess, the door remains in the open position. Pressing the door from this position a little in the closing direction, the ball or roller is released from the recess and ψ loading the door begins under the influence of the spring force on the Abrollschiene along to roll, thereby closing. In the roll-off rail, an increase is provided a little in front of the point that represents the point of contact of the ball or roller when the door is closed. The purpose of this increase is to slow down the closing speed of the door so that the door does not slam shut. The increase is followed by a small section of the inclined surface in the roll-off surface, which develops such an effect that when the door is closed, a low closing force is constantly exerted on the same, the purpose of which is to keep the door tight.

BAD ORfGINAL

to keep it closed and to open them unnecessarily, e.g. as a result of to prevent air pressure fluctuations. Instead of the inclined surface, there can be a depression in the same place into which the ball or roller falls and causes a final blow that completely closes the door, which is particularly necessary when the door is provided with an inclined tongue or a roller lock. This makes it possible in a simple way to have the locking, hold-open and locking functions in one and the same device the door to unite.

The invention also includes a particular fishing rod construction for use in conjunction with that described above Door closer is suitable. Here, the door hinge and the door closer can be built into a single unit be achieved with one and the same attachment the attachment of the hinge and the door closer. the The hinge and the door closer can be made separately, but they are designed and dimensioned to be are suitable for working together. Of course, a fishing rod according to the invention can also be used in conjunction with Use door closers of a different type than according to the invention and even without any door closers. An important The advantage of using a combination of door closer and hinge according to the invention is the fact that one all of these can be completely hidden from view when the door is closed.

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"<■■. ■ ·· ■■ '·

Various details of the invention are described below with reference to the exemplary embodiments in the enclosed Drawing described without, however, restricting the invention in any way to this.

Fig. 1 shows partially in section the spring member and the
Unwind rail in the situation in which the door remains in the open position and the spring is compressed.

Fig. 2 shows the same as Fig. 1 in the position in which the door is almost closed.

FIG. 2a shows the section along the line A-A in FIG.

'Fig. 3 and 3a show a detail in the construction of the Unwind rail and the rollers.

4 and 4 a show a second construction of the roll-off rail and the roles.

Fig. 5 and 5 a show a construction of the rolling rail and the rollers with additional support
is provided.

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Pig. 6 shows the common construction of a hinge and a locking device according to the invention with the closed Door and at a 12o degree opening angle of the door.

Fig. 7 shows the same as Fig. 6 with the door open.

8 shows a hinge with an opening of 90 degrees and a locking device in cooperation with the door open. The case with closed is indicated by dash-dotted lines Door indicated.

Fig. 9 shows a hinge opening 180 degrees as well two locking devices working together with the door closed.

Fig. Io shows the same as Fig. 9 with the door open.

The situation is indicated by dash-dotted lines in which the door, which can be opened by 180 degrees, is only 90 degrees has been opened, in which position the door can be left.

Fig. 11 shows a rocker arm, which has the purpose of replacing the increase located on the roll-off rail, the the closing speed of the door slows down.

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Pig. 12, 13 and l4 represent various construction solutions regarding the in connection with the Devices attached to the steam cylinder and the piston for regulating the flow of hydraulic fluid and pressure relief valves.

With reference to the figures in the drawing, to the construction of the devices will be described in detail according to the invention HEREINAFTER W.

From Fig. 1 and 2, the construction of the closing, hold-open and locking device for the door. The tubular cylinder 7 is most suitably countersunk, e.g. Screws Io attached to the door frame 8. The longitudinal direction of the cylinder 7 coincides most suitably with the direction of Hinge axis of the door or the like together. Inside the fc cylinder 7 in its upper end is a coil spring 9 arranged, one end of which rests against the closed upper end of the cylinder 7, its position in relation can be adjusted to the cylinder 7 for the purpose of regulating the compressive force of the spring 9 in the axial direction of this cylinder. This adjustability is most easily achieved by a thread between the bottom of the cylinder 7 and the lateral surface. Against the other end of the spring 9 is a second Cylinder 6, which can move axially in the first-mentioned cylinder 7. In the cylinder 6 remains a likewise cylindrical, closed space, which the piston 13 is divided into two parts

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divides rooms 32 and 33. The piston 13 is by means of the piston stem 12 with the cylinder 7 in a fixed connection by the piston stem is fastened at its upper end to the upper base of the cylinder 7 by threading. Go berserk of the piston stem 12 at its end, the position of the piston 13 relative to the cylinders 6 and 7 can be adjusted. The implementation of the piston stem 12 into the space 32 is sealed. Spaces 32 and 33 are most suitable with hydraulic fluid filled. In the surface of the cylinder 6 an axial groove is provided in which the guide screw 18 moves with the purpose of preventing rotation of the cylinder 6 in relation to the cylinder 7. At the bottom of the Cylinder 6 is rotatably supported by a most suitable grooved roller or ball 1, various of which possible construction methods will be discussed later. In Pig. 1 and 2, the cylinder 7 is shown as being attached to the door frame. In this case, a roll-off rail 2 is securely fastened to the door 14 by means of screws 11. The projection of the roll-off rail 2 on the horizontal plane is an arc of a circle with the axis of rotation of the door as the center. The roll-off rail 2 represents the roller or the like represents an inclined rolling surface 15. The rolling rail 2 can be articulated by means of an axis 17 be attached, so that in some applications the Abrollschiene can be straight or almost straight. Near the end of the opposite to the fastening end Abrollschiene 2 is a recess 3 is provided, whose

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- Io -

The radius of curvature is most suitable that of the roller 1 or the corresponding contact surface. The rolling surface 15 begins at the recess 3 with a uniform incline up to close to the fastening end the roll-off rail 2, where the inclination is opposite and thus forms an elevation 16. That way results In the rolling surface 15 in front of the elevation 16 there is a depression 4. The elevation 16 represents a threshold which the rolling surface continues with a downward slope, or there is one at this point Recess 5 with a slightly larger radius of curvature than the recess 3. The shape and height of the elevation 16 can can be made adjustable. An adjusting plate 34 can be installed on the roll-off rail 2 with or instead of the elevation 16 arrange, the position of which is regulated in relation to the roll bar 2 with the help of the adjusting and Peststellscrew 36. Here, an opening is provided in the roll-off rail 2 (FIG. 2a), which partially forms a space 37 in which Frame can move the adjustment plate 3 ^. In Fig. 11 is a solution is shown with which the elevation 16 can also be replaced. In this solution, in the same place, Where the elevation 16 is located, a rocker lever 34a rotatable about the axis 36a is attached to the roll-off rail 2. Of the Rocker lever 34a has two stable positions which are achieved by means of a spring device 37a. When the roll 1 is on rolls along the rolling surface from top to bottom

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the rocker arm 34a is in the stable position shown in FIG. 11 by dash-dot lines. When it is encountered at the rocker lever 34a, the roller 1 pivots the rocker lever 3 ¹ Ja into its second end position. In this context, the convex upper surface of the rocker arm forces the roller 1 to lift upwards, which mode of operation corresponds to that of the elevation 16. Since the rocker arm 3 ¹ Ia is spring-loaded, its mode of operation also corresponds to that of the recess 5

In Fig. 3j 4 and 5 are different constructive solutions for the cooperation between the roll-off rail and the roller 1 or the like. Shown. According to Fig. 3 is the roll-off rail 2 has been made equally wide over its entire length and unwinding rollers are in contact with it on both sides. The roller 1 is carried by the axle 28 at the lower end of the cylinder 6, and the roller 1 is on the upper side Rolling contact with the roll-off rail 2. Likewise, at the lower end of the cylinder β is rotatable by means of the axis 29 a second roller 27 is attached, which is in rolling contact with the rolling rail 2 on the underside. That way will a coarser connection between the rolling rail 2 and the cylinder 6 than achieved in the above solution. To 4, a guide groove with the direction and width of the roll-off rail 2 is provided at the lower end of the cylinder 6, in connection with which roles 1 and 27 are located in the manner of the previous figure. This solution creates a extremely secure lateral guidance achieved. According to Fig. 5 is

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the lower roller 27 according to the previous figure has been replaced by guide shoulders 3o which slide in corresponding guide grooves of the roll-off rail.

In Fig. 12, 13 and 14 are different constructive solutions shown to improve the operation of the damping piston and cylinder. According to Fig. 12, the spaces 32 and 33 are

W connected to one another by a flow channel 43 for the hydraulic fluid. In connection with the flow channel 43 there are limiting elements for the overpressure, consisting of a pressure compensation ball 39 and its spring 41. The pressure equalization ball 39 has a small hole through which a flow passes, by means of which the pressure difference between the spaces 32 and 33 can be equalized when the door is pulled into the open position at normal speed. If the opening speed of the door is greater than normal, then the spring 4l is compressed and the flow resistance in the channel 43 becomes lower, the pressure difference being equalized more quickly and in the space 33 no excessively high pressure can arise. The flow resistance in the channel 43 can be adjusted from the outside by means of the needle valve 42 by turning the screw 5o; this screw is sealed by means of the seal 44, which can be locked by means of the locking screw 45. The piston 38 is also provided with a pressure equalizing valve 4o and 4l in the event that the door is forced

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215-348

_a is to senilessen a greater rate than normal. In Fig. 12, the construction of the seal between the piston stem 12 and the space 32 is shown. The seal 48 is fixed against the support and compression spring plate 49 by means of the locking ring 46. For the purpose of better sealing, the seal 48 is provided with compression spring plates 47 and 52. In the solution shown in FIG. 13, the pressure equalizing valve 39 and 4l intended for working in connection with the opening of the door is attached in connection with the piston 38. According to FIG. 14, the needle valve 42 with the adjusting screw 5o is installed in an inclined position so that the adjusting screw 5o is more easily accessible.

In Fig. 6 to Io are various combinations of a door hinge and shown locking device according to the invention.

According to Fig. 6, the hinge consists of two by means of the

21 hinge joint 24 connected lobes / together, of which the flap 22 to be attached to the door jamb is of the conventional planar type and the other flap is a substantially one Has a U-shaped profile. According to FIG. 6, the door 2o is shown in the closed position, and in FIG. 7 in the open position at an opening angle of about 12o degrees of the door hinge. The tab 22 is in such a way in a recess provided in the door post 19 recessed and fastened so that the hinge joint 24 is not visible. The flap 22 has an opening 31 which for a device 23 and 2 for closing, keeping open and

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Locking the door according to the invention, as described above, has been made; For the sake of simplicity, the device in question will hereinafter be referred to as a locking device. The one part of the locking device 23, to which the spring cylinder with its damping devices belongs, is permanently attached to the tab 21, namely on that leg of the U-shaped profile of the same with the hinge joint

% 24 connected. The roll-off rail 2 is fastened to the door post 19, for example by means of a fastening piece 26, the roll-off rail 2 passing through the opening 31 in the tab 22. Both the hinge and the locking device can advantageously be manufactured in one unit, so that one part 23 of the locking device is permanently attached to its place on one tab 21 and the roll-off rail 2 is permanently attached to the second tab 22 during the production process. In this way one achieves

. a functional set of devices that are all connected functions required with the door: it works as a door hinge and as a locking, hold-open and locking device the door. One or more such devices can be attached to a door. If only one on the door such a combination device is attached, consists the second hinge of course consists of a corresponding hinge without a locking device. The door hinge can be used Easily adapt the door to different opening angles. 8 shows a door hinge arrangement with an opening angle of 90 degrees shown. In Fig. 8 with solid lines is the

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The door in the open position and with dash-dotted lines the door in the closed position.

In Fig. 9 and Io a door hinge solution is shown at the opening angle of the door is 180 degrees and where In connection with the door hinge two locking devices are arranged according to the invention. The hinge itself consists of two flat tabs 22, one of which is attached to the door and the other to the door jamb. The levels Fishing flaps 22 connects to one another by means of two hinge joints 24 an intermediate piece 25 with a U-shaped Cross-section. At both of the hinge joints 24 connected Legs of the intermediate piece 25 are each a part 23 attached to a locking device, both of which are in puncture connection with roll-off rails 2, one of which is attached in connection with the door jamb 19 or with the flat tab attached to the door jamb and the other is attached in connection with the door 2o or with the flat tab attached to the door. The door hinge arrangement can be set up to work in such a way that you open the door by only 90 degrees and leave it at this opening angle can.

This is achieved by making, for example, the locking device working in connection with the door frame "more sensitive" so that this works first and the

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Holds the door in the 9o degree open position. You can close the door from this 9o degree open position by means of the locking device that works first, or you can move the door from the 9o degree position to the Open the 18o degree position, whereby the second locking device responds, i.e. it is cocked and holds the door in this fully open position. The locking devices can be built in such a way that the door can be opened a full 180 degrees closes in the open position. This is achieved by closing the door at the 9o degree position has sufficient kinetic energy to free the roller 1 of the other locking device from its recess 3.

The mode of operation of the devices according to the invention is described in detail with particular reference to Pig. I, 2, 6 and 7. When the door is closed, ie when it is in the position according to FIG. 6, the cylinder * 6 is in its lower position so that the roller 1 lies in the recess 5 or the like. The recess 5 has such a shape that a small closing force is exerted on the door, which keeps the door tightly closed. When one begins to open the door 2o, the roller 1 rises over the elevation l6 into the position according to FIG. 2. The elevation 16 works as a locking threshold of the door and prevents the door from being opened by the action of small forces. When the door is opened further, one link 23 of the locking device occurs

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during its movement with the tab 21 through the opening 31 in the tab 22, and the roller 1 rolls along the rolling surface 15. At the same time, the spring 9 is compressed and hydraulic fluid emerges from the space 33 in the space 32 e.g. through the channel 43 or through the game room between the piston 13 and the cylinder 6 via. If the door is opened using an opening speed, which is greater than normal, then the overpressure limiting elements 39 and 4l operate (FIGS. 12, 13 and 14). When the door has been opened to the fully open position, or to the position of FIG. 7, the roller 1 goes into the Well 3 into it, as shown in FIG. The door remains in this open position until you open it a little in the direction of the closed position so that the roller 1 rises from the recess and the spring 9 through the intermediary of the cylinder 6, the roller 1 forces to roll along the rolling surface 15 of the rolling rail 2. These The method of operation causes the door to close by means of the flap 21 on the door. The throttled The flow of hydraulic fluid from the space 32 into the space 33 dampens the closing speed of the door 2o, the can be regulated by means of the needle valve 42 by turning the screw. Will the door be forced to deal with larger to close than normal speed, then the overpressure limiting elements 4o and 41 work and prevent one excessive increase in pressure in room 32. The door closes essentially at a constant speed,

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until the rolling surface at the recess 4 to the elevation 16 begins to rise. After the roller 1 has climbed the elevation 16 (this position of the roller 1 is in Pig. I shown with dotted and dashed lines), the closing speed has increased the door slows down to near zero, and the door closes slowly without a bang when roller 1 is in the recess 5 sinks into it.

- 19 patent claims:

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Claims (20)

Patent claims: f 1. J Closing, hold-open and locking device for a door or the like with a first tubular cylinder, inside of which there is a helical spring which is with one end against the bottom of said first cylinder and with its other end against the closed bottom of a second cylinder movable in the first cylinder, in which second cylinder there is also a cylindrical closed space which is divided into two sub-spaces by a piston fixedly connected to the first cylinder, said space with hydraulic fluid or with gas is filled, characterized dass.an the opposite of the active end of the helical spring At the end of said second cylinder a ball or roller (1) is rotatably mounted, which is in rolling contact with an inclined Abrollschiene (2) is, whose projection on a plane perpendicular to the door is concentric to the door hinge axis Arc is that on said rolling rail (2) in the rolling surface (15) for said ball or roller (1) depressions or the like (3, 4, 5) are provided at those points where the said ball or roller touches the rolling surface (15) touched when the door is fully open or closed, 209816/1030 and that the recesses (3, 4, 5) keep the door open or closed by the influence of the spring force. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the first cylinder (7) is attached to the door and the roller rail (2) is attached to the door frame. ψ J). Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first cylinder (7) is fastened to the door frame and the roller rail (2) is fastened to the door. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3 »characterized in that in the rolling surface (15) of the rolling rail (2) an elevation (16) is provided which compresses said helical spring (9) and the speed of the closing movement the door slows down in the final phase of the closing process. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the height of the elevation (16) has been made adjustable, by forming said elevation of adjusting plates (34) whose position in relation to the roll-off rail (2) is changed with the aid of an adjusting screw (36). 6. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a rocker lever (34a) is articulated on the rolling rail (2) near that end of the roll-off rail (2) 209816/1030 is attached where said ball or roller (1) touches the rolling surface (15) of the rolling rail when the door is closed, and the rocker lever (34a) is provided with a spring device (37a) which defines two stable end positions of the rocker lever, one of which the Ball or roller (1) takes the rocker lever with it when the door moves in the closing direction, the rocker lever (3 ¹ Ia) forcing the helical spring (9) to compress and thereby slowing down the closing speed of the door in the final phase of the door's closing process Rocker lever (34a) holds the door shut when it is switched to the other stable end position. 7. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3 »4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the ball or roller (1) is provided with a groove. Which has the width of the rolling rail (2) at the rolling surface (15) . 8. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the second cylinder (6) at its dem The end opposite the helical spring (9) is provided with two rollers (1, 27) rotatably mounted thereon, from which one (1) in rolling contact with the top Roll-off rail (2) and the other (27) in rolling contact on the underside with the roll-off rail (2). 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the roll touch air. one edge of the roll-off rail (2) instead of 209816/1030 BATH ORIGINAL 21S0348 finds where the roll-off rail has a shoulder that slides in a second groove on the cylinder (6) the bottom of which is the second roller (27). 10. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that that a groove is provided on the second cylinder (6), against the edges of which the two sides of the Abrolßehiene (2) rest ) (Flg. 4, 4a). 11. The device according to claim 1, 2, 3 _S 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that there are at the lower end of the second cylinder (6) Pührungsschultern (30), which in underside sliding contact with guide grooves on the lower edge of the rolling rail (2 ) stand. 12. The device according to claim 1 to 11, characterized in that the enclosed by the second cylinder closed Space which the piston (13) divides into two sub-spaces (32, 33) is provided with a channel (43) connecting the said sub-spaces is, whose flow resistance can be regulated by means of a needle valve (12), whose adjusting screw (50) of is accessible outside the second cylinder (6). 13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that the channel (43) connecting the subspaces (32, 33) with 3 9 3 16/1030 BAD ORiGfNAL Overpressure limiting members (39 j ¹ Jl) is provided, which reduce the flow resistance in the channel (43) if the pressure difference between the subspaces (32, 33) rises too high in connection with the opening or closing of the door. 14. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 11, characterized in that the enclosed by the second cylinder (6) piston (38) dividing the closed space into two sub-spaces (32, 33) is provided with overpressure limiting members (39 * 41), which reduce the flow resistance of the channel located in the piston (38) between the subspaces (32, 33) when the Pressure difference between these spaces (32, 33) in connection with the opening or closing of the door increases too high. 15. The device according to claim 1 to 14, in conjunction with such for attachment to the door frame (19) and on the door (2o) intended hinge working arranged, which has a flat tab (22) which is attached to the door frame (19) and a second connected to the flat tab (22) by means of a hinge (24) at its end Tabs (21) with a substantially U-shaped cross-section, the outer leg of the latter tab on the door (2o) is attached while the said door hinge is installed in a recess provided in the door frame (19), that said hinge joint (24) and the other parts 209816/1030 - 24 - the door hinge is not visible outside the door, characterized in that the first cylinder (7) of the door locking device (2, 23) on the leg of this flap opposite the door fastening leg of the flap (21) and the roll-off rail (2) is attached to the door frame (19) or to the flat tab (22) in which an opening is made (31) is provided, through which the door locking device (2, 23) into the space behind the flat Flap (22) can enter when closing the door so that the locking devices (2, 23) do not when the door is closed stand by sight. 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that that both opposing legs of the tab (21) are parallel with a U-shaped cross-section, the opening angle the door (2o) provided with this hinge is 9o degrees (Fig. 8). 17. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that that the size of the larger angle between the opposing legs of the flap (21) with U-shaped Cross-section is 15o degrees, the opening angle of the door (2o) provided with this hinge being 12o degrees (Fig. 7). 18. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that that the intended for attachment to the door flat leg of the tab (25) with a U-shaped cross-section on his 209816/1030 End is provided with a second hinge joint (24), to which a second flat tab is connected to which the Door (2o) is attached, and in connection with which second flat tab or with the door the roll-off rail (2) a second door locking device (2, 23) is attached and wherein the first cylinder (7) of the door locking device (2, 23) is attached to the other leg of the flap (25) with a U-shaped cross-section and the flat flap (22) with a Opening is provided through which the door locking device (2, 23) can enter the space behind the flap in question (22) when the door is closed so that that the second door locking device (2, 23) is not visible stands when the door (2o) is closed. 19. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that the opening angle of the door provided with the hinge (2o) l8o Degree (Fig. 9 and lo). 20. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the first locking device (2, 23) working in connection with the door frame (19) is more sensitive with regard to its suspension has been made so that it responds first when the door is opened from the fully closed state the door (2o) can be left in the 9o degree open position in which it is held by the first locking device (2, 23) is held, 209816/1030 Blank page