DE2039183C3 - Method and device for determining errors in the intermediate points provided with regenerators of a transmission system operating with pulse code modulation - Google Patents

Description

is provided between the first regenerator and the first npn transistor, the base of which is above Contact to interrupt the flow of messages a bast resistance with the Ö output of the two Demodulation circuit is connected to th JK flip-flops and their emitters and collectors Output the first band filter and the second gate via an oppositely polarized diode each Band filter with downstream delay device 5 the reset input of the second JK flip-flop it is provided that one of the outputs is tied to ground via a capacitor of the first regenerator, the first belt filter and lies.

of the delay device controllable control On the basis of exemplary embodiments, the

logic is provided, and that one of this control invention is explained in more detail below, bare, the working contact and the contacts to the sub-io F i g. 1 shows a pulse refraction used for fault location switching program actuating the message flow;

device is provided. Fig. 2a to 2d show the basic effect

It is advantageous if the normally open contact is between the fault location method according to the invention the input of the pulse transmitter amplifier rens;

of the first regenerator and the input of the rear 15 Fig. 3 shows the implementation of the invent Line equalizer arranged receiving according to the method required Einrichstrom the second regenerator is provided and device parts;

even if the demodulation circuit at the input Fi g. 4 shows a variant of these pieces of equipment,

of the pulse transmitter amplifier is connected. The F i g. 1 shows an embodiment of one of the

It is also advantageous if the first contact 20 error location serving pulse program with a to interrupt the flow of messages in the preparation pulse zO, a start pulse x, test pulses, power supply of the pulse transmitter amplifier yl and y2 and setting pulses zl and ζ2. net and if the second contact to the sub- The F i g. 2 a to 2 d show a transmission system

interruption of the message flow by short circuit with terminals 1 and 1 'and intermediate points 8, 8' parallel to the output of the line equalizer in the 25 and 8 ". Each intermediate point 8 contains two regenerators Regenerator is provided. ren 9 and 13, a normally open contact al, closed contact

For the practical implementation of the invention is clocks α2, α3 and switching contacts ul and u2. the In this exemplary embodiment, it is advantageous if semiconductor switches are used as contacts for fault location are provided. carried out by the examining end office 1. In the

It is particularly advantageous if the pulses shown in FIG. 1 are transmitted via the line transmission system is designed in such a way that its remote 6 is fed out to the intermediate points 8, 8 'and 8 " the contacts are retained in every position. sends. If the loop is closed For the device according to the invention it is before the test pulses yl and y2 via the line 7 to part if in the control logic a first and a checking end office back.

second JK flip-flop are provided if the 35 Die F i g. 2 a shows the transmission system with the output of the delay device and the contact layers that are required for the transmission of the normal Ö output of the first JK flip-flop, each with a message flow. All loop input of a first inverting AND gate closes ul, al, ul are interrupted and the wire-connected are when the output of the first AND connections 6 and 7 are from end office 1 to end office 1 'gate and the ß-output of the second JK flip-40 switched through.

Invert flops with one input of a second each. The F i g. 2 b shows the operating status of the

the AND gate are connected when the delivery system after sending the preparatory course of the second AND gate with the K input pulses zO. This is connected via switching and second JK flip-flops, not shown, when the gene causes the switching contacts ul, ul 'and ul ", u2, u2", u2, u2 ', Band filters each with an input of a third inver- ul "were switched and the AND gate closing the loops are connected when the prepare.

Output of the third AND gate via an In- Fig. 2c shows the contact settings in

verter is connected to the J input of the second JK flip-flop transmission system after the start of the powder if the output of the first AND 50 ses x. In all intermediate points 8, 8 'and 8 ", the gate and the δ-output of the second JK flip- the contacts a1, a1' and a1" and thus the loop flops each with an input of a fourth inverting fen were closed and all Interruptions α 2, α 2 ', renden AND gate are connected when the off α 2 ", α 3, α 3' and a 3" open. The test pulse yl sent out by the testing passage of the fourth AND gate with the reset end office 1 then runs at the input of the first JK flip-flop when 55 is connected via line 6, the regenerator 9, the loop of the output of the band filter with the J -Input and conclusion ul, el, u2, the regenerator 13 and the dynamic input of the first JK flip-flop device 7 back to the checking end office 1 and is connected when the K input of the first JK- evaluated there

Flip-flops is at ground when the output of the next, as shown in FIG - sent out. Because of the interruptions α 2 and α 3 see the ^ output and the reset input of the, a reset device cannot advance to the intermediate points 8 'and 8 "of the second JK flip-flops when the Q and 5 output of the control pulse ζ 1, the loop closure a I is opened first / K flip-flops are connected to the inputs of the switching device 65 and the interruptions α2 and α3 are canceled flows over

For the device according to the invention, it is also the line 6, regenerator 9, the break contact α 3, advantageous if a regenerator 9 ', the loop closure η 1', α Γ, u 2 ',

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\ ~ 7 8

the regenerator 13 ', the normally closed contact al, the rule setting pulse ζ 1 canceled, and the generator 13 and the line 7 can return to the final testing of the loop in the subsequent intermediate point 1 and is evaluated. place 8 'with the test pulse yl .

The second setting pulse ζ 2 now causes the

circuits in the intermediate point 8 ', the test pulse 5 if not to test the individual loops

)> 3 causes the test of the intermediate point 8 "and any pulse pattern is used, but the

the third setting pulse z3 gives the total transmission test while the second is being sent

gungsslrecke again for the message transmission command zl, zl is carried out. In this case

free. The switching positions required for this are expediently for the times y1, y2 a

of Fig. 2 is no longer shown, since it only sent an io pulse pattern that the above sync word

Repetition of the FIG. 2 a to 2d contains and in which all places marked with m

written represent. are to be sent out as one.

After the expiry of the FIG. 1 illustrated test In the intermediate point 8 in F i g. 3 will be with

Program go the changeover contacts u 1, u 1 ', i <l ", the help of the demodulator 10 the modulating low

H2, μ2 'and ul " back to their original position 15 derfrequenzen from that shown in FIG

back. Pulse program recovered. The belt filter 11

In FIG. 3 an embodiment is / tuned to the frequency is on the / and the band filter 12 to the realization of the method according to the invention ER frequency _like. The amplifiers 14 and IS required circuit parts in the testing end are designed so that at the output point 1 and the intermediate point 8 are shown as long. The check 20 a logical one occurs, as the corresponding end station 1 contains a Pulsprogrammgene- command is received. The output of the verator 32, a pulse comparison device 4 and an amplifier 15 is followed by the delay device 16, the pointing device S. The intermediate point 8 also contains the state of the logic one at the output of the circuit element amplifier 15 shown in FIGS. 2a to 2d a demodulator circuit 10, bandpass filter 11 and 25 preparation pulse zO or the setting pulses ζ 1, zl 12, amplifiers 14 and 15, a delay device still maintains a defined time even after the end of the Vore. During the device 16, a steering logic 17 and a switching pre-normal operation, the outputs of the amplifier 18. kers IS and the delay device 16 respectively

The control logic 17 contains JK flip-flops 19 and a logic zero. The JAT flip-flop 19 becomes

20, inverting AND gates 21, 22, 23 and 25, 30 not activated.

an inverter 24 and a resetting device 26. A logic input of the flip-flop 20 is connected to the / input, the latter in turn contains an npn transistor 27, zero. When the remote is switched on, a base resistor 28, diodes 29 and 30 and the power supply are always in the idle state, ie with a capacitor 31. a logic zero at output Q. This is

As with the location method according to the main patent 35 achieved by the fact that the reset input of the

also in the method according to the invention flip-flops 20 lying capacitor 31 in the absence

transmit defined pulse patterns. These contain the remote feed voltage discharged through the diode 30

also a sync word, for example 11 mm . The capacitor 31 is only on one

00 mm 11 mm 00 mm ... The positive voltage marked with m is charged when the output {5

Places are as in the main patent depending on the command 40 of the flip-flop 20 is positive. Then, however, is on

with a low-frequency square-wave voltage such as the K input of the flip-flop 20 a logic one,

modulated that during the first half-wave the and the flip-flop remains even with incoming

Low frequency for every m a zero (one) and in clock pulses in its rest position. In normal over-

of the second half-wave for every m a one (zero) carrying operation is thus at both inputs of the

is sent out. 45 inverting AND gate 25 to a logical one,

The order of the commands for fault location is, i. that is, the reset input of the flip-flop 19 is located

as already explained in principle with reference to FIG. 2, constantly to zero and the flip-flop 19 can also

the following. First the pulse sequence ζ 0 is sent out when receiving the start pulse χ not switched

det, in which every position marked with m becomes with.

a square-wave voltage of the frequency f “ modulated 50 To locate the fault, the preparation is now first made. As a result, the sound for the reception pulse z0 is sent, whereby all m of the start pulse jc are modulated with J _{2 to close the loop for one.} This prepares the output for the delay for a short time. Is immediately connected to device 16 in the one state. If the start pulse χ is sent at each point marked with m with a closing, the frequency /, remains modulated to the square-wave voltage, ie the start pulse χ is sent to the delay device next, this command is received in 16. At the same time, a one also appears at the output intermediate amplifier 8 and in the subsequent signals of amplifier 14. This means that the amplifiers 8 'and 8 "are received once and the clock and the J input of the flip-flop 19 are positively closed by the loop. If the start pulse λ ends, however, the inverting! both 60 AND gates 23 and the inverter 24 of the / input transmission directions via the contacts a1, a1 ', of the flip-flop 20 positive. Since now connected to the two a \ " in a loop. The test of the J, K inputs of the flip-flop 20 follows, a logical one loop with the pulse pattern acrylic. Subsequently, this is applied by the next from the regenerator 1, the setting pulse ζ 1, with which all m in a supplied pulse is keyed. Now there is a square wave voltage of the frequency /, modulated, 65 inverting AND gate 22 sent out at the K input de. During the transmission of this one-on flip-flop 20, a logic zero appears. The flip-flop 21 control pulse ζ 1 is the cancellation of the first remains prepared for further pulses on the off loop. This is with the end of the gang of the regenerator 9 in the working position; at the end

20th

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gangQ is a logical one. By switching over the flip-flop 20, a logical one appears at the output of the inverting AND gate 25. This enables the reset input of the flip-flop 19, and this switches to the working position at the end of the start pulse. From the flip-flop 19, the evaluation circuit 18 is driven, the al, al actuates the contacts and α3. If the setting pulse ζ 1 is now sent in preparation for the dissolution of the loop, the output of the delay device 16 changes back to the one state. As long as the setting pulse ζ I is applied, a logic zero appears at the output of the inverting AND gate 21, that is, the logic state at the output de-. AND gate 25 remains unchanged at one. Since a logic zero is present at the ./ input of the flip-flop 20, the next pulse delivered by the regenerator 9 now resets the flip-flop 20 to its idle state. If a logical zero now appears at the end of the setting pulse ζ 1 at the output of the delay device 16, a one appears again at the output of the AND gate 21 and a zero at the output of the AND gate 25. The flip-flop 19 is reset again, and the contacts a1 to a3 are brought into their rest position. A renewed activation of the flip-flop 19 is only possible if the start pulse χ is received immediately after the preparation pulse ζ 0. Since every interruption in the remote supply voltage resounds the flip-flops 19 and 20 to their rest position, an erroneous connection is excluded.

F i g. 4 shows a further embodiment of the intermediate point 8, in which only the regenerators 9 and 13, the demodulator circuit 10 and the contacts αϊ, al, α3 are shown. The first regenerator 9 contains a first line equalizer 33, a first reception amplifier 34, a first regeneration circuit 35 and a first pulse transmission amplifier 36. The second regenerator 13 consists of a second line equalizer 37, a second reception amplifier 38, a second regeneration circuit 39 and a second pulse transmission amplifier 40. While the normally open contact α 1 in the intermediate point 8 according to FIG. 3 between the output of the regenerator 9 and the input of the regenerator

ao tors 13 is arranged, it is here between the entrance of the pulse transmit amplifier 36 and the input of the receive amplifier 38. The demodulator circuit 10 is connected to the input of the pulse transmitter amplifier 36, while in the execution

S5 approximation example according to the F i g. 3 with its output connected is.

For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims (15)

Patent claims: 1. A method for determining errors in the intermediate points provided with regenerators of a transmission system working with pulse code modulation with several transmission channels using bandpass filters in the individual intermediate points, in which a first pulse pattern is sent out as a start pulse by a checking end office, in which at the end of the start pulse in all intermediate points on the one hand a loop closure on the output side and. other hand, the message flow on ^the: is interrupted passage lines behind the loop closure, in which a second pulse pattern is sent as the first test pulse of the test end office by clie loop and evaluated, in which a third pulse pattern is emitted as the first Einstellpuls from the test terminal station, in which at the end of the first setting pulse ao the loop closure and the interruptions in the first intermediate point are canceled, in which a fourth pulse pattern is transmitted as a second test pulse from the checking end office through the loop via the second intermediate point and evaluated, and in which further alternating setting pulses of the same pulse pattern and test pulses are sent out until all intermediate points are checked, according to main patent 2004 810, characterized in that immediately before the start pulse (x) from the checking end office (1) a preparation pulse (zO) with the third pulse pattern is sent out, and that only after arrival of the preparer line pulse (zO) the start pulse (x) in the intermediate points (8, 8 ', 8 ") becomes effective. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first pulse pattern of the start pulse (x) contains a modulated first low-frequency voltage of a first frequency (/,). 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the pulse pattern of the start pulse (x) is demodulated in each intermediate point (8, 8 ', 8 ") and fed to a first bandpass filter (11) matched to the first frequency (J ₁ ), whose output voltage causes the loop closure (a1) and the interruptions (a 2, a 3). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pulse pattern of the preparation pulse (zO) and all setting pulses (zl, ζ ₂ ) contain a modulated second low-frequency voltage of a second frequency (Z 2). 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the pulse pattern of the preparation pulse (zO) and the setting pulses (zl, ζ2) demodulated in the intermediate points (8, 8 ', 8 ") connected to the checking end office (1) and fed to a second bandpass filter (12) tuned to the second frequency whose output voltage is the loop closure (al, al ', al ") and the interruptions (a 2, a 2 ', a 2 ", a 3, a 3', a 3") in the furthest away from the examining end office (1) and with it still connected intermediate point delayed 6 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by its implementation of both final offices (1, 1 *), 7 means for carrying out the Verfahret according to claim 5 or 6 ^d f ^d _"o ^rch in that in the Zwisehenstelle (8) facing away from the terminal station under test (1) transfer direction (6) m a first regenerator (9) and a first contact to interrupt the message flow (a3), in the transmission direction (7) pointing to the checking end office (1) a second regenerator (13) and a second contact to interrupt the message flow (α 2) and between the first Regenerator (9) and the first contact to interrupt the flow of messages (α 3) on the one hand and between the second regenerator (13) and the second contact to interrupt the flow of messages (α 2) on the other hand em the working contact (a1) causing the loop closure are provided that A demodulation circuit (10) is connected between the first regenerator (9) and the first contact to interrupt the flow of messages (α 3), at the output of which the first band filter (11) and the second band filter (12) with a downstream delay device (16) are provided are that one of the outputs of the first regenerator (9), the first band filter (11) and the delay device (16) should be triggered rable control logic (17) is provided, and that a controllable switching device (18) which actuates the normally open contact (a1) and the contacts for interrupting the message flow (α 2, a 3) is provided (F i g. 3). 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the working contact (al) between the input of the pulse transmission amplifier (36) of the first regenerator (9) and the input of the receiving amplifier (38) of the second, which is arranged behind the line equalizer (37) Regenerator (13) is provided. 9. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the demodulation circuit (10) is connected to the input of the pulse transmitter amplifier (36) 10. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the first contact (α 3) for Interruption of the message flow in the power supply of the pulse transmitter amplifier (36) is arranged. 11. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that that the second contact (α 2) is provided to interrupt the flow of messages by short-circuiting parallel to the output of the line equalizer (37) in the second regenerator (13) is. 12. Device according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the transmission system is designed in such a way that its remote feed in every position of the contacts (αϊ, α2, a 3) is retained. 13. Device according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that semiconductor switches are provided as contacts (a1, a2, a3). 14. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that a in the control logic (17) first and a second / K flip-flop (19, 20) 3 4 are seen that the output of the delay is sent out at the end of the first device (16) and the Q output of the first control pulse of the loop closure and the interrupt / K-FUp-flops (19) each with an input of one conditions in the first intermediate point are canceled, first inverting AND gate (21) connected ■ in which a fourth pulse pattern as the second test pulse is that the output of the first AND 5 from the checking end office through the loop via the gate (21) and the Q output of the second second intermediate point is sent out and evaluated / X flip-flops (20) each with an input of one, and with the further alternating setting pulses of the second inverting AND gate (22). compare pulse pattern and test pulses sent out are bound to the output of the second AND until all intermediate points are checked. .
Gate * (22) is connected to the X input of the second io In this main patent 2004 810 proposed / K flip-flops (20) is connected that the outcomes method and the corresponding device gears of the delay device (16) and the all-band filter (11) with an input of a thing is a relatively unlikely possibility that a third inverting AND gate (23) connected during a normal transmission through a zuden that the output of the third AND ^ 15 due simulation of the start pulse erroneously all Re-gates (23) via an inverter (24) with which the generators are switched in a loop and thus / -input of the second / K-flip-flop (20) before normal operation is interrupted,
is bound that the output of the first AND object of the invention is to provide a method according to Gate (21) and the Q output of the second to indicate the main patent, in which an inadvertent / K-Flip-Fiops (20) with one input each of a *> visible interruption of operation excluded fourth inverting AND gate (25) is connected. den are that the output of the fourth AND starting from a method of the introductory Gate with the reset input of the first type described, this object is connected to the invention / X flip-flops (19) that the output is achieved in that immediately before the output of the band filter (11) with the / input and 45 Startpnls from the checking end office a preparatory input of the first JK flip-flop with the third pulse pattern is sent out, flops (19) connected that the K input of and that only after the arrival of the preparatory pulse the first / K flip-flop (19) is grounded so that the start pulse is effective in the intermediate points,
the output of the first regenerator (9) with the For the practical execution of the inventive dynamic input of the second / K flip-flop 30 according to the method is advantageous if the pulse (20) is connected that between the Q output pattern of the start pulse a modulated first low and the reset input of the second / X-FHp- der frequency voltage of a first frequency and the flops (20) a reset device (26) before the pulse pattern of the preparation pulse and all received and that the Q and Q ~ output of the control pulses contain a modulated second low frequency first / K flip-flops (19) with the inputs of the voltage of the second frequency.
Switching device (18) are connected (F i g. 3). It is advantageous if the pulse pattern 15. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the start pulse is demodulated in each intermediate point characterized in that in the reset device and one tuned to the first frequency (26) an npn transistor (27) is provided, the first band-pass filter is fed to the output of which Base via a base resistor (28) with 40 voltage, the loop closure and the interrupters © "output of the second / K flip-flop (20), and if the pulse pattern of the previous and its emitter and collector via a preparation pulse and the setting pulse in each oppositely polarized diode (29, 30) with the intermediate reset input connected to the testing end office of the second / K flip-flops (20) are demodulated and connected to the second Fre are fed to the second band filter, which is frequency-tuned via a capacitor (31) 45 is connected to ground (Fig. 3). whose output voltage is the loops conclusion and the interruptions in the furthest away from the examining end office and still connected with it ________ canceled the bound intermediary with a delay. 50 The method according to the invention can be used with advantage from both end offices, what a duplication of the necessary circuit parts. The invention relates to a method for determining. development of errors in the provided with regenerators- To carry out the inventive method NEN intermediate points of driving with pulse code modulation 55, a device is advantageous that thereby working transmission system with several over- is characterized that in the intermediate point in the transmission channels using bandpass filters pointing away from the checking end office in the individual intermediate points, in the direction of a first regenerator and a first Koneinem checking end office from a first pulse pattern to interrupt the flow of messages, in the is sent out as a start pulse, with the transmission start pulse pointing to the checking end office at the end of the fo A second regenerator and a second in all intermediate points on the outlet side on the one hand a loop is established and on the other hand contact to interrupt the flow of messages on the other hand, the flow of messages on the pass-through lines and between the first regenerator and the first gen is interrupted after the loop closure, contact to interrupt the flow of messages in which a second pulse pattern as the first test pulse 65 on the one hand and between the second regenerator and sent by the checking end office through the loop to the second contact to interrupt the follow-up and is evaluated, in which a third pulse directional flow on the other hand, a closure of the loop patterns are provided as the first setting pulse from the checking end office causing Aibeitkontakt, ilaß