DE20305903U1 - Rubbish truck for collecting household rubbish has a cabin and a collecting area for the rubbish as well as a loading platform which moves about a vertical axle - Google Patents

Abstract

The rubbish truck has a cabin (2) and a collecting area (3) for the rubbish as well as a loading platform (9) which moves about a vertical axle and has a loading arm (8) with an arm section (8.1). A further arm section (8.2) is also attached to the housing and the free end of this is attached to an insertion device (12) for picking up bins.

Description

Designation: Vehicle for collecting and transporting

Waste with side-mounted loading arm arrangement

Description

In the course of automation, vehicles for collecting household waste, which is provided in waste containers by individual households at the side of the road, have been further developed in such a way that the driver alone or, if necessary, with an assistant to provide the waste containers, can collect them from the vehicle and empty them into a collection container located behind the driver's cab.

Based on so-called front loaders, EP-O 163 859 B describes a vehicle in which two bow-shaped lifting arms are arranged behind the driver's cab and are connected via a crossbar. A swivel arm that can be swung out to the side is arranged on the crossbar, by means of which a waste container located on the side of the road is picked up and swung back in front of the front of the vehicle, so that the picked up waste container can then be emptied into a filling opening of the collection container located behind the driver's cab by swinging it up over the driver's cab.

Such a vehicle requires a great deal of construction effort.

DE 201 20 464 U discloses a modification of the system described above, in which only one lifting arm is arranged in the shape of a bow, arranged to the side of the driver's cab and pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis running behind the driver's cab, on which a laterally pivotable pivot arm with a receiving device for the waste container to be emptied is arranged.

A vehicle of this type is known from DE-25 45 051 A, in which, instead of a bow-shaped lifting arm, an elongated, rigid lifting arm is provided, on which a laterally pivoting cross-beam is arranged, through which a waste air tank placed on the side can be accommodated. The lifting arm is mounted on the vehicle so that it can be pivoted upwards around a horizontal axis in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

US-A-3,765,554 discloses a vehicle for collecting and transporting waste, which is provided with a driver's cab arranged to the side of the vehicle's longitudinal axis, behind which a collecting container is arranged, which is provided with a filling opening on its upper side. This vehicle is provided with a loading arm arrangement arranged to the side of the driver's cab, which is arranged to pivot on a bearing block in a vertically aligned pivoting plane, the bearing block itself being pivotable about a vertical axis relative to the vehicle with the aid of an actuator. The loading arrangement itself consists of a loading arm which can be extended telescopically. The disadvantage of this arrangement is essentially the relatively large length of the loading arm arrangement, which in the driving position requires a positioning of the loading arm arrangement which significantly impairs the driver's side view. In this vehicle, the collecting container is arranged directly behind the vehicle and the waste container is emptied into an overhead filling opening of the collection container.

A vehicle of the type described above is known from US-A-5,551,824, which also has a loading arm that can be extended telescopically in length and is hinged to a bearing block so that it can be swiveled upwards in a vertical swivel plane. In this vehicle, a pressing device is arranged between the collecting container and the driver's cab, into whose filling opening the collected waste container is emptied. The waste is then pressed into the collecting container from the pressing device. In this vehicle, the storage

The stand is located in the area of the rear end of the driver's cab, i.e. at a distance from the front of the vehicle.

The invention is based on the object of improving a vehicle of this type with regard to handling and emptying of the waste containers.

This object is achieved with a vehicle for collecting and transporting waste with the features specified in claim 1. The advantage of the vehicle according to the invention is that the loading arm arrangement has at least two arm parts that can be pivoted against each other in a vertical pivot plane, with one arm part forming the "upper arm" hinged to the bearing block and the other arm part hinged to it via an "elbow joint" forming the "lower arm". A receiving device for a waste container to be emptied that can be pivoted in the vertical pivot plane is hinged to the lower arm. This makes it possible to pick up waste containers within a very large distance range in relation to the vehicle. The largest distance range is provided by the extended arm position of the loading arm arrangement. However, it is also possible to pick up waste collection containers that are standing relatively close in front of or next to the vehicle, since the further arm part forming the "lower arm" can be pivoted under the first arm part forming the "upper arm".

The actuator associated with the bearing block and the swivel drives associated with the linkages of the loading arm arrangement can be designed to be individually controlled manually. However, it is particularly advantageous if a control device is provided which is equipped with a corresponding program control so that after the waste container has been picked up - starting from the respective position of the arm parts in relation to one another - the relative movements of the arm parts against one another and the relative movement of the loading arm arrangement as a whole in relation to the bearing block or the vehicle are controlled in a forced manner.

·

is running. The pivoting of the bearing block about the vertical axis can then be superimposed on this pivoting process in the vertical pivoting plane, so that the waste container held on the receiving device is held in the end position in its emptying position above the filling opening and can be emptied into the filling opening, be it the filling opening of the collecting container itself or the filling opening of a pressing device arranged upstream of the collecting container.

The control device can then be used to optimize the movement conditions and the movement speeds of the individual arm parts in the vertical pivot plane so that from any of the possible positions of the loading arm arrangement, the waste container can be pivoted into the emptying position as quickly as possible when it is picked up. The control device can be designed in such a way that there is a "memory" in the form of a storage device that registers the position of the loading arm arrangement in space at the start of a picking process, so that after emptying, the empty waste container can be returned to the same position on the ground.

Since the receiving device used can be provided with controllable clamping devices depending on the design of the receiving system, it is expedient if the program of the control device is designed in such a way that after the manual pivoting of the loading arm arrangement about the vertical axis and the pivoting of the loading arm arrangement into the receiving position and the manual activation of the clamping device on the receiving device, the subsequent movement sequence up to emptying on the one hand, then up to setting down the emptied waste container on the other hand and finally up to opening and releasing the receiving device from the waste container takes place automatically.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is further provided that the receiving device is provided with a vertical

The axis, which is aligned in the vertical pivoting plane, is pivotably connected to the other arm part by means of a controllable alignment drive. This additional pivoting option on the "wrist" makes it possible to align the receiving device, which is designed in the form of a comb that grips under the edge of the waste container with an associated clamping device or the like, exactly to the position of the receiving surface of the waste container, in order to be able to reliably grasp waste containers that are positioned at an angle to the direction of travel of the vehicle with its receiving surface.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims and the following description of an embodiment.
15

The schematic drawings show:

Fig. 1 a vehicle with a loading arm arrangement in

stretched shooting position, 20

Fig. 2 the vehicle according to Fig. 1 with loading arm arrangement

in emptying position,

Fig. 3 a top view of the vehicle according to Fig. 1, 25

Fig. 4 the vehicle according to Fig. 1 with a different receiving position of the loading arm arrangement,

Fig. 5 the vehicle according to Fig. 1 with the loading arm arrangement in driving position,

Fig. 6 is a front view of the vehicle according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 7 a vehicle with a different design of the loading arm arrangement,

Fig. 8 the vehicle according to Fig. 7 in a top view, Fig. 9 the vehicle according to Fig. 7 in driving position,

Fig. 10 a front view of the vehicle according to Fig. 7 in

Emptying position.

The vehicle for collecting and transporting waste shown in a side view in Fig. 1 essentially consists of a chassis 1 with a driver's cab 2 which, as can be seen from the top view according to Fig. 3, is arranged laterally offset from the longitudinal center axis.

Behind the driver's cab 2, a collecting container 3 is arranged on the chassis 1, which is equipped with a

is provided with a pivotable rear wall 4 so that the contents of the collecting container 3 can be emptied after opening the rear wall 4 by tilting the collecting container 3 up about the axis 5.
20

In the embodiment shown here, a pressing device 6 is arranged between the driver's cab 2 and the collecting container 3, which has a filling funnel 7 with a filling opening that is open at the top. The pressing device 6 has a lower discharge opening that is connected to a filling opening arranged accordingly on the front wall of the collecting container 3.

The vehicle also has a loading arm arrangement 8, which is articulated to a bearing block 9 via a linkage 10. The bearing block 9 can be pivoted about its vertical axis relative to the vehicle by means of an actuator (not shown in detail here), as can be seen in Fig. 3. The loading arm arrangement has a first arm part 8.1 and a further arm part 8.2 articulated thereto via a joint 11. At the free end of the further arm part 8.2 is a receiving device 12, only indicated here, for receiving a

emptied waste container 13, which can be pivoted about a joint 14 relative to the lower arm part 8.2 about a horizontal axis. The loading arm arrangement as a whole and the arm parts including the receiving device 12 can thus be pivoted in a vertical pivot plane as a whole and relative to one another.

A controllable swivel drive 10.1, 8.4 and 8.5, each for example in the form of a hydraulic swivel motor, is arranged on the linkage 10 as well as on the joints 11 and 14, so that the individual parts of the loading arm arrangement 8 can be individually swiveled against one another when appropriately controlled and can be swiveled upwards in a vertical swivel plane via the swivel drive 10.1 of the linkage 10.

The last phases of the emptying process are shown in Fig. 2. After the waste container 13 has been picked up by the receiving device 12 and locked to it, as shown in Fig. 1, the loading arm arrangement 8 is pivoted upwards in the vertical plane while maintaining a predetermined clearance height 15. The loading arm arrangement 8 is pivoted laterally about the vertical axis 9 so that the waste container 13 to be emptied is located above the filling opening 7 of the pressing device 6 in the final phase of the pivoting process.

In the receiving position shown in Fig. 1, the first arm part 8.1 forming the "upper arm" is pivoted upwards in an anti-clockwise direction, while the further arm part 8.2 forming the "lower arm" is pivoted in a clockwise direction relative to the upper arm 8.1. The receiving device is pivoted relative to the "lower arm" 8.2 in such a way that the waste container remains approximately vertically aligned.

As soon as the upper arm 8.1 has reached the approximately horizontal position shown in Fig. 2, the forearm 8.2 is also in

·

·

·

• a * &igr; · ·

swiveled up to its end position, so that the receiving device 12 can then be swiveled about the joint 14 from the initially swiveled back position I with the waste container 13 still approximately vertically aligned into the final emptying position II. The lid 13.1 of the waste container 13 then opens. After emptying, the waste container is swiveled back to position I and the swiveling process of the loading arm arrangement 8 takes place in the opposite direction until the original receiving position shown in Fig. 1 is reached.

As can be seen from Fig. 3, the loading arm arrangement can be pivoted about the vertical axis of the bearing block 9 relatively by, for example, 90° from the position A pointing in the direction of travel to the lateral position B via the actuator of the bearing block 9.

As also schematically indicated in Fig. 3, the receiving device 12 can be pivoted via its alignment drive about the axis 12.1 aligned in the vertical pivot plane by approximately 90° from the illustrated central position M to the left into the receiving position L and to the right into the receiving position R. The respective receiving position is identified by the angle-shaped projection 12.2.

This alignability is necessary because the usual waste containers 13 provided with a hinged lid can only be picked up on the receiving edge 13.2 opposite the hinge 13.1 of the lid, which is indicated here accordingly by two projections.

As indicated in the top view according to Fig. 3, it is thus possible to pick up waste containers 13 standing next to the vehicle, even if they are not positioned with their receiving edge 13.2 aligned vertically or parallel to the direction of travel.

In the top view, the swivel drives 8.4 and 8.5 can be seen in the form of hydraulic swivel motors, the direction of rotation of which can be reversed.

For emptying, the loading arm arrangement 8 is expediently pivoted back into the pivoting plane aligned in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in a superimposed movement during lateral pickup and at the same time the pivoting process for emptying described above is carried out.

The pressing device 6 shown in Fig. 3, in which a pivoting pressing plate 6.2 is arranged in a semi-cylindrical trough 6.1, is provided with a hopper 7 which opens upwards to the side and into which the material can be fed by the device shown in Fig.

The waste container 13 can be emptied by means of the swiveling process in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle described in Figures 1 and 2.

While Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 show the picking up of a waste container 130 at the greatest possible distance for the loading arm arrangement 8, Fig. 4 shows the picking up process for picking up a waste collection container 13 that is located much closer to the vehicle. The possibility of pivoting the loading arm arrangement 8, as shown in the top view according to Fig. 3, also applies to this picking position. Fig. 4 shows that it is possible to pick up a waste collection container at a distance from the vehicle that is shorter than the length of the first arm part 8.1 forming the "upper arm", since the further arm part 8.2 forming the "lower arm" can be pivoted back towards the vehicle.

Fig. 5 shows the position of the loading arm arrangement in the driving position. Fig. 5 shows that in the driving position of the loading arm arrangement 8 the side window 2.1 of the driver's cab 2 is not covered, so that the driver retains a clear view in traffic.

T _ » a &Lgr;. M

Fig. 6 shows the vehicle according to Fig. 1 in a front view, which results in a slim construction in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle due to the design of the loading arm arrangement according to the invention, so that the free space required for this, which must be separated from the driver's cab 2, is somewhat larger than the width of the waste containers 13 to be emptied. This provides the driver with a sufficiently large interior space for the driver's cab.

As can be seen from the top view in Fig. 3, an angle of max. 90° is provided for the loading arm arrangement 8 for pivoting around the vertical axis, whereby the driver has the power to reduce the necessary pivoting angle to the side to a minimum by stopping the vehicle early, so that the pivoting angle of 90° shown is only required in extreme cases.

As can be seen from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a swivel angle of at least 180° is required for the first arm part 8.1, so that an oil motor is expediently used as the swivel drive here, the direction of rotation of which can be controlled so that it is reversible. Oil motors are also expedient for the other swivel drives of the linkages 11 and 14 and the alignment drive of the receiving device 12.

As the side view in Fig. 1 also shows, it is not necessary to provide the lowest possible point for the articulation 10 on the bearing block 9, so that no special chassis is necessary for the construction of the loading arm arrangement 8 with bearing block 9 on the chassis 1, but only a special reinforcement for receiving the bearing block and the associated actuator is necessary.

A modified embodiment of the loading arm arrangement is shown in Fig. 7 and 8. The structure and function of this loading arm arrangement corresponds to the structure and function of the previously described

♦ »

described loading arm arrangement. The difference is primarily that a piston-cylinder arrangement 8.3 is provided between the first arm part 8.1 and the further arm part 8.2 as a swivel drive, which is sufficient to carry out a relative swiveling of the further arm part 8.2 with respect to the first arm part 8.1. Fig. 7 shows the picking process in position I, the position of the loading arm arrangement and the waste container 13 relative to the loading arm arrangement at the end of the swiveling movement in position II and the emptying process in position III by swiveling the picking device 12 about the joint 14 on the arm part 8.2. After the waste container 13 has been emptied, it is first swiveled back to position II and then the loading arm arrangement is swiveled back to the starting position so that the waste container is placed back on the floor.

Fig. 8 shows a top view of the arrangement according to Fig. 7, whereby, in deviation from the embodiment according to Fig. 1 or Fig. 3, a receiving device 12 is provided with which two waste containers 13 can be received simultaneously, as shown in the side position C. The receiving device 12 can, as for all swivel positions of the loading arm arrangement 8, as shown in Fig. 3, be swiveled through 180°, whereby a continuously controllable alignment drive, for example in the form of an oil motor, is expedient, so that waste containers that are inclined to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle with their receiving surface 13.2 can also be received. In Fig. 8, only a swivel through 90° is shown.

Of the receiving device only schematically indicated in Fig. 3, the so-called receiving comb 12.2 is shown in Fig. 8, which grips the edge of the waste container in a form-fitting manner during the receiving process. After being picked up, the edge is held on the receiving comb 12.2 by a clamping device of known design (not shown in detail).

The receiving comb(s) 12.2 are held slightly loosely on the receiving device about a vertical axis, relative to the receiving position, so that the receiving chimney can automatically rest against the wall of a waste container and can grip under the edge without tilting.

Fig. 9 shows the driving position of the loading arm arrangement according to Fig. 7.

As can be seen from Fig. 7 in conjunction with Fig. 9, the hopper 7 of the pressing device 6 is provided with a flap 7.1 with a side cover 7.2 that can be swung up to the rear, which is swung up when emptying and, as can be seen from Fig. 9, is swung down for driving operation in order to close the filling opening of the hopper 7. The side walls 7.2 serve as protection against the waste falling out of the waste container being blown away.

Fig. 10 shows the vehicle according to Fig. 7 in front view with the flap 7.1 swung up.

The loading arm arrangement described above in two embodiments can also be used on vehicles without an additional pressing device, in which the collecting container is provided with a filling opening at the top.

Claims (14)

1. Vehicle for collecting and transporting waste, with a driver's cab ( 2 ) and a collection container ( 3 ) arranged behind the driver's cab ( 2 ), which is provided with a filling opening at its front end, with a loading bracket ( 9 ) arranged next to the driver's cab ( 2 ), which is designed to be pivotable about a vertical axis by means of an actuator, with a loading arm arrangement ( 8 ) which is pivotably connected to the bearing bracket ( 9 ) with a first arm part ( 8.1 ) in a vertically aligned pivoting plane, with at least one further arm part ( 8.2 ) pivotably connected to the first arm part ( 8.1 ) in the pivoting plane, and with a receiving device ( 12 ) pivotably connected to the free end of the further arm part ( 8.2 ) in the pivoting plane relative to the latter for at least one waste container ( 13 ) to be emptied into the collection container ( 3 ), and with controllable swivel drives on each linkage (10, 11, 14) assigned to the swivel plane on the loading arm arrangement ( 8 ). 2. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving device ( 12 ) is pivotably connected to the further arm part ( 8.2 ) about an axis aligned in the pivoting plane by means of a controllable alignment drive. 3. Vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the driver's cab ( 2 ) is arranged laterally offset to the vehicle's longitudinal axis. 4. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bearing block ( 9 ) is arranged near the front of the vehicle. 5. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the articulation ( 10 ) of the loading arm arrangement ( 8 ) on the bearing block ( 9 ) is arranged approximately at the level of the floor plane of the collecting container ( 3 ). 6. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the loading arm arrangement ( 8 ) is dimensioned such that when the first arm part ( 8.1 ) is pivoted back in the direction towards the collecting container ( 3 ), a waste container connected to the receiving device ( 12 ) can be emptied by pivoting the further arm part ( 8.2 ) upwards. 7. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the actuator of the bearing block ( 9 ), the pivot drives of the arm parts ( 8.1 , 8.2 ) of the loading arm arrangement ( 8 ) and the alignment drive of the receiving device ( 12 ) are connected to a control device so as to be controllable individually and/or in predeterminable dependencies. 8. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least part of the drives are formed by hydraulic swivel motors ( 10.1 , 8.4 , 8.5 ). 9. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first arm part ( 8.1 ) can be pivoted over at least 180° relative to the bearing block ( 9 ) in the pivot plane. 10. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the further arm part ( 8.2 ) can be pivoted by more than 180° relative to the first arm part ( 8.1 ) in the pivot plane. 11. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the receiving device ( 12 ) can be pivoted by at least 180° about its axis aligned in the pivot plane relative to the further arm part ( 8.2 ). 12. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the loading arm arrangement ( 8 ) can be pivoted rearward about the vertical axis of the bearing block ( 9 ) by at least 90° from a position of the pivot plane aligned in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. 13. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the filling opening of the collecting container ( 3 ) is connected to a pressing device ( 7 ) which has an upwardly directed insertion opening into which a waste container ( 13 ) can be emptied by means of the loading arm arrangement ( 8 ). 14. Vehicle according to claim 13, characterized in that the insertion opening of the pressing device can be closed with a pivotable flap ( 7.1 ) with side covers ( 7.2 ).