DE20206230U1 - Raised floor with fire protection - Google Patents

Description

Description

The invention relates to a hollow floor, in particular a raised or hollow space floor according to the preamble of claim 1, as well as a stand, a floor plate, a fire protection plate and a fire protection tray for such a floor system.

For over 35 years, raised raised access floors with a standard panel grid of 600 x 600 mm (any grid is possible up to 1,000 mm edge length) have been installed in offices, control rooms, technical rooms, laboratories, exhibition rooms, etc. The floor layer is raised on a base floor using stands, so that a hollow space remains between the walkable floor layer and the base floor, which can be used for installations such as air ducts, telephone and power lines, etc., without affecting the office or living space above floor level.

The floor panels are, for example,

Panels made of calcium sulphate, chipboard - each with or without edge banding - or lightweight concrete, or as metal tubs cast with a mixture of concrete, lightweight concrete, gypsum or anhydrite (CaSC>4).

For about 15 years, hollow floors have been installed in elevated construction with the following features:

a) Elevated floors with support plates, which are provided with a screed or plaster poured on top.
35

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b) Elevated floors with support panels which have a single-layer or glued-together two-layer plasterboard covering on the top so that the panels can be laid using the dry construction method.
5

In terms of fire protection, various legal regulations and standards must be observed.

For example, according to the state building regulations of the federal states, floor structures with a clear height of more than 200 mm must meet the requirements of fire resistance class F 3 0 in fire tests according to DIN 4201 Part 2, whereby the floor slabs must be at least flame-retardant according to building material class Bl when viewed from the cavity and the posts must be made of non-combustible building materials that have a melting temperature above 700 ⁰ C. This temperature specification prevents the use of aluminum substructures, for example.

0 According to the requirements of the state material testing institutes, the test must be carried out with a load of 550 N/plate (600 x 600 mm) = 1.5 kN/m² live load (corresponds to approx. 55 kg/plate = 150 kg/m²). Alternatively, the minimum requirements for the load-bearing capacity of escape routes are tested with a test load of 750 N/plate = 2 kN/m² live load (DIN 1055).

DIN EN 12825 for raised floors and DIN EN 13213 0 for hollow floors, which have not yet been published but have come into force, refer to prEN 13 66-1 for raised and hollow floors for the assessment of fire protection. However, the loads mentioned above continue to be used as a basis for material testing. The tests are therefore still carried out with a minimum load (traffic load) of 5 1.5 kN.

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However, filing cabinets in offices often weigh 400 kg, meaning that 200 kg or more act on a raised floor panel. Filing cabinets weigh at least 400 kg (sometimes up to 4 t), meaning that the loads on the floors are correspondingly high. This means that the prescribed tests on raised or hollow floors are carried out under load assumptions that are too low. If correspondingly heavy cabinets are placed on the standardised raised floors, safety problems arise.

In principle, higher load requirements

The entire substructure can be managed by using larger steel profiles compared to the standard substructures used previously.

However, there are serious disadvantages: the ease of installation is no longer guaranteed and the load on the slab is increased by the increased use of materials (e.g. due to deflection of the slab). Furthermore, a separate fire protection certificate would have to be provided for each raised floor height and load level of the raised floor. In addition, it is not possible to increase the fire load safety of raised floor panels by reinforcing or increasing the panel thickness with the materials currently on the market.

0 In the German utility model publication DE 297 07 740 Ul, raised floor stands or supports are proposed which are provided with a fire protection jacket. A tubular jacket is attached to the support plate and to the base plate of the support.

5 These casings overlap telescopically. In this way, fire protection of generic

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Raised floor supports can be implemented. However, modifications to the support geometry are necessary for the mandatory attachment of the casings to the supports, so that only expensive, specially manufactured supports can be used.

In addition to the requirements for the load-bearing capacity of the floor in the event of fire, the problem arises as to how further useful safety functions can be transferred to the floor in the event of fire.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a hollow floor, in particular a raised floor, which meets the safety requirements even under high loads while maintaining simple assembly and low manufacturing costs, as well as a raised floor stand suitable for this raised floor and a floor plate suitable for this raised floor.

This object is achieved with regard to the raised floor with the features of claim 1, with regard to the stand with the features of claim 17, with regard to the floor plate with the features of claim 28, with regard to the fire protection plate with the features of claim 3 9 and with regard to the fire protection tray with the features of claim 4 0.

According to a first aspect, which is essentially based on the first partial feature of the characterizing part of claims 1 and 2 8, it is possible to effectively reduce the thermal stress on the floor stands in the event of a fire with the raised floor or stand for raised floors according to the invention, while using known, mass-produced and thus inexpensive components.

[File:ANM\WE5715B1.doc] Description, 18.04.02

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The hollow floor according to the invention can be supported with standard-sized supports, as with a conventional hollow or raised floor. These supports have a slightly dimensioned support tube that is hollow on the inside and is attached to a floor plate at one end (e.g. welded) and has an internal thread at the other end that is open at the top. A height-adjustable screw is located in the internal thread, which can be used to compensate for any unevenness in the ground beneath the raised floor and whose screw head is designed as a support plate for the floor plates.

Based on the consideration that in the event of a fire, for example a smoldering fire of a cable laid on the ground floor, as much heat is generated as there is oxygen available to develop the fire, a basic idea of the invention is to prevent excessive heat development by reducing the volume of air enclosed by the hollow floor. For this purpose, according to claim 3, an intermediate layer, in particular an essentially airtight intermediate layer, is advantageously inserted between the ground floor level and the walkable floor level, so that in the event of a fire below or above the intermediate layer, only a portion of the available air volume can contribute to combustion. At the same time, the intermediate layer shields the floor layer from the fire-prone installations laid on the ground floor. In particular in the case of large clearance heights, where several corresponding intermediate layers can be inserted, such a reduction in the available combustion air has proven to be effective. In particular, a reduction of the divided clearance heights to values below 200 mm, which the legislator also considers to be

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critical (from this height onwards a stricter fire protection test with a higher fire resistance class F 30 applies), has turned out to be advantageous.

It is easy to implement and therefore cost-effective to install a support structure with several posts, in which an intermediate layer and an upper post rest on a lower post, which in turn supports the floor layer. The upper post can also be connected to the lower post, for example welded, riveted, screwed, plugged together, etc. It is also conceivable that the intermediate layer is connected to the lower or upper post in order to increase the stability of the overall construction.

In terms of a simple structure, it is also advantageous according to claim 5 to simply duplicate the structure of a hollow floor without an intermediate layer, i.e. to place a second hollow floor of the same construction on a first hollow floor. By using the same parts (the lower support corresponds to the upper support, the intermediate layer can be made of the same floor covering as the walkable floor), the cost of parts and assembly work can be kept low. On the one hand, stands can be placed directly on stands so that the intermediate layer rests on the base plate of the upper stand - and fixes it in its position.

0 On the other hand, it would also be conceivable to build up the double hollow floor layer by layer - a lateral offset of the upper to the lower posts would also be conceivable in order to achieve a more even load distribution.

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If the intermediate floor is made of closely spaced floor panels or a floating screed layer with appropriate formwork elements, the lower space is essentially separated from the upper space in an airtight manner. It would also be conceivable to construct the intermediate floor using special fire protection panels made of a special heat-insulating material, which are described in more detail below.

Another basic idea of the invention relates to the supports of the raised floor:

The standard floor supports have a relatively lightly dimensioned support tube that is hollow inside. When exposed to heat, the (hollow) support tubes of the supports are therefore the weakest point of the entire floor construction. In the event of a fire, a higher load could occur there than is tested by the standardized test procedures, with the result that the supports of the floors could buckle.

In order to effectively prevent the uprights from buckling in the event of a fire, at least the uprights are provided with a non-flammable/flame-retardant covering according to claim 6. Such uprights are described in claim 17, whereby a thicker wall thickness of the support tube is also possible as a fire protection measure. This ensures that the raised floor can withstand high loads in the event of a fire, since covering the uprights effectively reduces the thermal stress on the floor uprights.

Such supports can be used in a hollow floor on their own or - for example in the case of large clear heights - in combination with the volume reduction by means of intermediate layers described above.

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A fire protection cladding individually assigned to each of the uprights is described below. Alternatively, according to the embodiment according to claim 15, at least partial filling of the cavity enclosed by the hollow floor can be provided as fire protection cladding for the uprights. Fire protection mats, rock wool, etc. can be used as filling material. In this way, individual fire protection cladding (see below) of the individual uprights can be replaced by inserting filling material that is cheaply available by the meter or in bulk. This provides quick and effective fire protection on the one hand and an advantageous reduction in the volume of combustion air on the other. The filling shields both the uprights and the panels from any smoldering fires that may occur on cables laid under the filling, etc.

When the cavity is filled, this fire protection effect also affects the floor slabs of the hollow floor if the fire-prone pipes are laid underneath the filling. However, the fire protection effect can be further improved if the floor slabs are also appropriately protected.

Advantageously, according to claim 7, the subfloor space enclosed by the hollow floor, in which fire-prone installations such as electrical or computer network cables are laid, is separated by a fire barrier not only from the posts, but also from the entire floor construction. The shielding according to the invention thus ensures that the 5 floor panels, which are made of calcium sulphate, concrete or chipboard as standard, for example, and which

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fail relatively quickly when tested according to F 3 0, and do not bend in the event of a fire. The fire resistance can be increased even further by additionally reducing the combustion air pressure by means of an intermediate floor level.

The invention has the additional, advantageous side effect that the floor fitter can continue to rely on the standardization of the floor slabs and floor supports according to the conventional specifications of the material testing institutes. In order to meet his obligation to test and provide information, he does not have to carry out an additional or supplementary and complex test with the actual loads (point or live loads) specified in the respective tender of 2 00 mm for floors with a clear hollow floor height of e.g. 2 kN, 3 kN, 4 kN or 5 kN under the standardized fire load (for F 3 0 fire resistance with a temperature of up to 980 ⁰ C) and design the floors accordingly. It has even been shown that with the hollow floor construction according to the invention, even requirements according to F60/F90 can be met.

In order to ensure heat shielding in accordance with standards (fire protection standard F 30), it is necessary that the stands can withstand a thermal load of at least 980 ⁰ C.

0 The fire protection &zgr; cladding can consist of a fire protection pipe sleeve according to claim 19. The dimensions and weight of the supports used are small in relation to the dimensions and weight that a support or stand without cladding would have to have in order not to fail in the event of a fire. In addition,

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the stands according to the invention are both economical to produce and easy to install.

The fire protection pipe sleeve can be assembled from individual segments, for example from pipe shell parts that are glued to the support pipe and to each other. This structure ensures that the supports are easy to assemble. Fireproof, asbestos-coated steel supports are already known. Such a fireproof clad steel support has a steel pipe that can be welded onto a plate and clad with fireproof casing elements that are segmented into half shells and glued to each other and to the pipe in a butt joint. Such a cladding of fire resistance class F 90-A is offered, for example, by the company Promat under the brand PROMATUBE.

Since the support tube of the uprights is the most heavily loaded part of the floor, it is sufficient if the fire protection cladding is provided over the entire height of the support tube in accordance with claim 22.

In an alternative design, the fire protection cladding extends over the entire height of the stand. In this way, the cavity enclosed by the raised floor can be completely insulated, even if the fire protection cladding is only provided at the top directly under the floor slabs.
30

If, in addition, the corresponding fire protection pipe sleeves according to claim 24 have an inner diameter which is large enough to accommodate the entire remaining stand within the sleeve, the fire protection sleeve can be easily and time-savingly slipped over the stand during assembly of the raised floor.

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In a further preferred embodiment according to claim 21, the fire protection cladding of the uprights consists of a paint that forms an insulating layer. Paints that form an insulating layer when exposed to heat, in particular a synthetic resin steel coating such as the brand "PROMAPAINT" from Promat, or a fire protection foam can be applied on site when the floor is laid or in advance when the uprights are manufactured, for example by spraying. Commercially available paints that foam up in the event of a fire can also be used here, in particular a so-called fire protection coating with an endothermic effect in the event of a fire, for example the brand PROMASTOP from Promat.

In order to keep the number of individual parts on the construction site to a manageable level, the fire protection cladding - which can be made from pipe sleeves (segments) or from a coat of paint/coating/foam - should fit tightly to the stand and preferably be connected to it. This ensures that the stands are easy to handle. In addition, the stands can be completely provided with fire protection in advance in a separate process and then only need to be set up on the construction site.

As mentioned above, in addition to protecting the posts, it is also desirable to protect the entire construction of the floor against fire in the cavity beneath the floor panels (for example, cable fires, etc.). With the development according to claim 7, a barrier that separates the components of the raised floor from the enclosed cavity (between the 5 floor panels of the raised floor and the concrete floor beneath

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the posts of the raised floor), the entire raised floor is thermally shielded from the source of the fire.

Although individually clad supports protect the highly stressed support tubes that tend to buckle, shielding the floor panels is a good idea to prevent the floor panels from bending, breaking or melting in the event of a fire. Not only should the supports be prevented from buckling, but the heat impact on the entire office or lounge area above the raised floor should also be reduced, so that too rapid heat spread can be avoided as a source of danger for the people present.

However, another basic idea of the invention also takes personal protection into account, which is reflected in the second partial feature of the characterizing part of claims 1 and 28 and which in itself already represents a complete inventive idea for which

separate protection is claimed. However, this solution idea can be combined with the objects discussed above, which are based on the first two aspects of the invention.
25

Because the invention provides for a fire protection seal on the raised floor panels to prevent smoke from escaping in the event of a fire, the floor meets the highest safety requirements, for example in office, IT and conference areas. The rooms above the floor level can be effectively shielded against smoke and flames that develop in the event of a fire. This prevents people in the room above the raised floor from being harmed by the smoke that develops in the event of a fire.

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They are given enough time to get to safety in the event of a fire.

The term "sealing" is intended to describe a measure that works as such, at least in the event of a fire. In a floor made up of floor panels that are placed flush or at an angle, this fire protection seal is preferably provided in the area of the butt joints and seals the floor from the surrounding room in the event of a fire. With such a closed fire protection system, no vapors or gases, for example from smoldering PVC cable sheaths, can escape into the room above floor level.

In order to save time when laying the floor, such a floor can be constructed from floor panels according to the invention, which have a coating on the edges by means of which the floor panels are sealed against each other, i.e. the joint between the floor panels is closed at the latest in the event of a fire. The coating has a fire-retardant and smoke-proofing effect, so that people in the room above the raised floor have enough time to escape in the event of a fire. Rescue workers or firefighters can also operate unhindered and more quickly in a smoke-free environment.

Preferably, therefore, the escape of smoke should be prevented for at least 20 - 25 minutes. According to claim 32, this is achieved by means of floor panels, the edge-side protective coating of which is applied to the side surfaces of the floor panels, so that when the floor is laid, it is located in the joints between the floor panels. The coating preferably consists of at higher temperatures,

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i.e. material that foams up in the event of a fire, so that in the event of a fire the joints are closed and the cavity below and above the floor are effectively separated from each other in a smoke-tight manner. Paints from the brands "Promapaint", "Promadur" from Promat or a Promat impregnation have proven to be particularly effective, foaming protection against the escape of smoke gases in the event of a fire.

It is advantageous if the protective coating is tailored to the maximum width of the butt joints that occur. The maximum width of the butt joints is determined by the dimensional tolerances of the floor panels and assembly inaccuracies when laying the floor panels.

For example, floor panels made of calcium sulphate, chipboard - each with or without edge banding or lightweight concrete, as well as floor panels consisting of a steel tub filled with concrete, lightweight concrete, gypsum or anhydrite (CaSO ₄ ) have a tolerance of up to 0.5 mm with regard to edge length deviations and/or deviations from the squareness of the panels and their straightness, according to the application guidelines for the DIN EN 12 825 standard or the safety guidelines of the Federal Association of System Floors eV.

In addition, inaccuracies or errors can occur during assembly, which can result in enlarged butt joints 0. Over time, the external dimensions of the panels can also shrink if the humidity in the usable space falls below the prescribed level, as is often the case in rooms used for IT systems, but also in all other rooms.

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In order to form a reliable smoke gas barrier layer, the thickness of the foaming material in the gap is therefore selected at least so that the maximum width of the butt joint is bridged by the foam created when heat is generated in such a way that no passage channel remains for smoke gases.

Alternatively, it would also be conceivable to design the edge-side protective coating from an elastic material that adapts to the respective gap width due to its elasticity, or an application in which the protective coating either sits on an elastic layer or carries such a layer.

The base plate according to claim 34 advantageously has a peripheral edge collar. In this way, the plates can be manufactured with such a protruding edge using special steel trays. In this case, the side surfaces of two plates that are opposite one another in the butt joint recede backwards below the collars that are in contact with one another, so that a wide gap is present. In order to bridge this gap, the edge-side, peripheral smoke sealing coating is therefore provided below the collar on the recessed side surfaces of the base plate.

The edge-side, fire-retardant or smoke-proof protective coating can consist of fire-protection silicone according to claim 35. This is particularly advantageous for wide butt joints, especially for metal tubs with a protruding peripheral collar and recessed side surfaces. The silicone is applied in a thickness of 1-2 mm and can completely foam joints up to 20 mm in the event of a fire. In an alternative embodiment according to claim 36, however, a fire-protection coating is provided. The coating

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has proven to be particularly useful for narrow butt joints, such as those found in standard floor panels without protruding collars, because it allows a very thin application of 0.2 - 0.5 mm. This is advantageous because, in the case of standard floor panels that are closely spaced together, a thicker application could lead to problems fitting the floor panels and could potentially be scraped off again. The coating can be easily rolled on. The use of a fire protection putty is also possible here according to claim 37.

Finally, the base plate in the

Embodiment according to claim 3 8 as an edge-side smoke barrier foaming fire protection strips, which like fire protection silicone - are particularly suitable for wide gaps.

However, the smoke-tight sealing of the hollow floor could also be achieved, for example, by subsequently applying a fire protection putty that foams up in the event of a fire when laying the floor slabs.

The edge-side, fire-retardant or smoke-tight protective coating can be provided on its own or in combination with the already essentially airtight heat barrier layer attached to the underside of the floor panels. A combination provides a particularly high level of safety, as both a heat barrier layer and a seal against smoke are provided. If such a floor is also equipped with fire-protection-clad posts that are secured against buckling, even the highest safety requirements can be met.
35

[File:ANM\WE5715B1.doc] Description, 18.04.02
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In order to also be able to provide the above-mentioned

In order to ensure heat shielding in accordance with standards (fire protection standard F 30) via the barrier or heat barrier layer, the barrier is designed according to claim 8 so that it can withstand a thermal load of at least 980 ^° C.

According to claim 9, the at least flame-retardant barrier consists of the fireproof/fire-retardant cladding of the supports and a coating on the underside of the floor panels.

In the preferred embodiment according to claim 29, this coating on the underside of a respective floor panel is provided as a fire protection panel attached to the floor panel (for example a plasterboard or a panel made of fire-resistant fabric, e.g. rock wool). The plasterboards attached to the underside of the raised floor panels have a thickness of e.g. 15 mm with fire protection class F 30. In the alternative embodiment according to claim 30, it consists of a coating that forms a heat-insulating layer, for example a fire protection foam. A coating with special heat-repellent materials (e.g. Teflon) would also be conceivable. A combination of fire protection panel/coating that forms a heat-insulating layer could also be used.

It is also possible not to attach the fire protection panels to the floor panels, but to place them on the support plates of the floor posts when laying the raised floor. According to this alternative, a fire-resistant/fire-retardant intermediate layer or intermediate ceiling is installed on a second level below the floor panels, which is flush with the cladding of the posts. Between the floor panels and

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In this way, a buffer is created by means of a fireproof protective or intermediate layer, so that heating of the floor slabs can be prevented even more effectively. In addition, particularly business-critical cables can also be laid above the separated cavity and are protected against fire and overheating. In the development according to claim 12, the intermediate layer consists of fire protection panels of the type mentioned above, for example plaster or heat-resistant tiles, which rest on the casing or fire protection cladding of the supports and are thus supported. In this way, the effect of reducing the volume of combustion air mentioned above is also achieved.

In order to completely enclose the cavity, the fire protection panels or the fire protection coating of the floor panels must be connected to the pipe sleeves. Preferably, according to claim 10 or 13, the fire protection panels below the floor panels are sealed against the cladding or casing of the supports using a fire protection putty. The fire protection putty preferably has its own elasticity, since when the raised/hollow floor is loaded, it undergoes a deflection that only an elastic band can absorb without causing damage. Instead of the fire protection putty, a fire protection sealing tape or an intumescent connection strip can also be provided.

0 It is advantageous if fire protection panels according to claim 3 9 are used which have a coating on the edge which foams up in the event of a fire and additionally seals the space below the fire protection panel level against smoke. In this way, it is possible to either create a second, redundant security against smoke escaping from the space under the hollow floor

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or - alternatively - to use cheap, standard floor tiles and still provide a smoke barrier in the floor.

If a second level of fire protection panels is inserted as an intermediate layer, which rests on the casing or fire protection cladding of the uprights and is thus supported, the fire protection panels preferably have concave recesses at their corners. In this way, it is possible to place the panels flush against one another to form a seal. This is because the screws of the uprights or the unclad sections of the uprights above the intermediate level can be guided through the circular openings created in this way. It is also possible to glue the fire protection panels to one another. Alternatively, however, square or polygonal recesses would also be conceivable, through which the unclad sections of the uprights, particularly in the case of uprights that have correspondingly shaped support plates for the floor panels, are guided above the intermediate level.

Common hollow floors, under which the entire electrical, network and/or ventilation or air conditioning installation is often housed, usually have inserts set into the floor through which the room is connected to the corresponding system, such as underfloor sockets, ventilation grilles over ventilation duct outlets, network sockets, telephone distribution boxes, etc. It is also advantageous to protect these elements, which are particularly at risk of fire, against the

potentially fire-prone cavity below the floor level. Since the inserts are usually deeper than the floor slabs, they protrude from underneath.

With a fire protection layer on a second level, these building elements are at least

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protected against fire if they do not protrude through the fire protection level. At least in the embodiment with fire protection directly adjacent to the underside of the floor panels, it is advantageous to provide a separate fire protection element below the inserts set into the floor in accordance with claim 14 in order to maintain the fire protection barrier across the entire area of the room. A fire protection panel (if the inserts do not protrude below the floor panels) can be used as the fire protection element, otherwise a fire protection tray can be used, which can be screwed to the underside of the fire protection panels under the floor panels, for example. A fire protection foam or another type of coating that forms an insulating layer would also be conceivable.

Advantageously, however, according to claim 4, 0 fire protection trays are used which have a circumferential collar flange to which they can be attached to the floor or 0 fire protection plate and which is also coated with a smoke gas seal of the type described above. In this way, a continuous smoke gas barrier is also created at the electrical elements embedded in the floor.

It would also be conceivable to provide only the support tubes and the inserts - often made of plastic - with fire protection to 0, as this would shield the main sources of fire hazard. It would also be conceivable to provide a higher level of fire protection at these highly endangered sections of the hollow floor construction than at the less endangered sections, e.g. at 5 the solid screws protruding from the hollow support tube and below the

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(possibly made of material with a low fire hazard, such as marble) floor tiles.

However, the invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned; in particular, if further steel profiles are to be arranged below the fire protection cladding, for example horizontally installed profiles in a control room construction, it would be conceivable to also equip these with a corresponding fire protection cladding.

The invention is also not applicable to raised floors with

Floor slabs are limited. In particular, hollow floors with screed coverings (e.g. anhydrite flow screed) or with floor coverings laid in a tongue and groove system could also be fire-protected according to the invention.

Further advantageous embodiments are the subject of the remaining subclaims.
20

The individual features of the embodiments according to the claims can be combined as desired, as far as it seems reasonable.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below using schematic drawings. They show:

Fig. l is a sectional view through a detail 0 of an embodiment of the raised floor according to the invention;

Fig. 2 a sectional view through a section

a further embodiment of the raised floor according to the invention;
35

[File:ANM\WE5715B1.doc] Description, 18.04.02
, smoke gas seal fST·.
Dieter Weiss, Swabian Switzerland

Fig. 3 is a sectional view through a detail of a third embodiment of the double floor according to the invention;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view through a section of a modified embodiment of the raised floor according to the invention;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a fire protection board used to construct an intermediate fire protection layer;

Fig. 6 shows a section of a stand clad with segments of a fire protection pipe sleeve;

Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of the invention in a cavity floor with flowing screed; and

Fig. 8 shows an embodiment of the invention in a dry cavity floor;
20

Fig. 9 is a sectional view through a floor according to the first embodiment of the invention, additionally with a fire-protected insert;

Fig. 10 shows a further embodiment of the hollow floor according to the invention;

Fig. 11 shows yet another embodiment of the hollow floor according to the invention;
30

Fig. 12 a final embodiment of the hollow floor according to the invention;

Fig. 13 and 14 show an embodiment of the base plate according to the invention in cavalier perspective and as a partial section;

[File:ANM\WE5715B1.doc] Description, 18.04.02
, Flue gas seal for·., ;··· .··. .··. .··,
Dieter Weiss, Swabian ^rjiünd _# ·* · · ,·*

l 111% * !

*■·■· » &diams; · ··*■· «■ » &igr;

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Fig. 15 and 16 show a further embodiment of the base plate according to the invention in cavalier perspective and as a partial section;
5

Fig. 17 and 18 show yet another embodiment of the base plate according to the invention in cavalier perspective and as a partial section;

Fig. 19 an additional embodiment of the base plate according to the invention in cavalier perspective and

Fig. 20 is a sectional view of this embodiment of the floor plate in a hollow floor according to the invention.
15

Fig. 21 a schematic sectional view

Floor panels laid according to the invention, which shows the function of the edge-side protective coating of the floor panels as representative of the embodiments shown in Figs. 13 to 20.

The raised floor 1 shown in Figure 1 is completely heat-insulated or fire-protected against the hollow space it encloses below the level of the floor panels 5. It has stands 10, which consist of a support tube 14 that is welded to a base plate 12 and has an internal thread on the top, into which a screw 18 is screwed in so that the height is adjustable and secured at the desired height with a lock nut 20. The screw in turn has a support plate 22 on the top, on which the actual floor layer rests. This is formed by floor panels 5, which are provided with fire protection panels 6 on the underside. The stand is located completely within a fire protection pipe sleeve 24. The fire protection panels 6 rest on the support plates of the stands and are

[File:ANM\WE5715B1.doc] Description, 18.04.02

, smoke seal K«» _v j··· .·*..·*..**, .*·..** .**.**".**. II

Dieter Weiss, Swabian fcSnund .''.'. .''.II"..'*.:: : :

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connected to the upper end section of the respective fire protection pipe sleeve 24 by means of a preferably elastic fire protection putty.

Next, reference is made to Figure 2, which shows a further embodiment of the raised floor 100 according to the invention. In this case, stands 110 are used which are provided with a fire protection coating or a fire protection foam 124. The fire protection foam 124 extends from the subfloor under the base plate 12 over the entire height of the support tube 14 to the adjusting or lock nut 20. The stand is therefore not protected against the effects of heat at the level of the screw 18 protruding from the support tube. However, since it is not to be expected that the full cross section of the screw 18 will bend, effective insulation of the stand 110 is nevertheless created. On the support plate of the stand, again analogous to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, floor panels 5 are placed, but instead of fire protection panels on the underside, they have a fire protection coating 106, for example a foam or a Teflon coating. This design of the raised floor is also - apart from the screws 18, nuts 20 and support plates 22 of the stand 110

completely sealed against the cavity below the level of the floor slabs in a heat-resistant manner.

The embodiment shown in Figure 3 has, in addition to 0 stands 224, which are also only covered up to the upper end of the support tube 14 and on which floor slabs 5 are supported, an intermediate ceiling or level consisting of fire protection panels 206. The cladding of the support tube 14 is designed as a pipe sleeve 224, which rests on the support tube 14 and is preferably glued to it. For example, the pipe sleeve 224

[File:ANM\WE5715B1.doc] Description, 18.04.02

, flue gas seal JjTr ₁ . ;··· .**..·*..·*. ."..** .".""..". I '.

Dieter Weiss, Schwäbi^hfeSTilnd ."&iacgr; t ·* JiI**. .* *. I II '.

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consist of two pipe shell halves. Four fire protection plates 206 rest on each of the pipe sleeves 224. As can be seen, an opening is necessary through which the screw 18 extends. This opening is formed by the fire protection plates 206 having concave recesses 209 at their corners, as can be noted with reference to Fig. 5.

From Figure 4 it is clear that the principle of the invention can be used not only for raised floors with an upper structure consisting of floor panels, but also for any arrangement of the actual floor layer, for example also for control room structures with built-in frames for accommodating control cabinets or machines, apparatus, etc.

While the fire protection barrier 206, 224 is designed essentially as in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 by means of fire protection plates 206 in an intermediate level and fire protection pipe sleeves 224 around the stands 310, the support plates 322 have flanges to which cross profiles 326, 328 are screwed. The cross profiles 326 here form the bed of the base plates 5, which are elastically supported laterally against the cross profiles 328, which form the frames for corresponding storage cabinets.

0 Figure 6 shows an alternative design of the support tubes, in which a segmented fire protection tube sleeve 324 is used. The individual segments 24a are designed as pipe half shells, which are connected to the support tube and to one another in a butt joint.

[File:ANM\WE5715B1 .doc] Description, 18.04.02
, flue gas seal SiTr ₄ . j··· _% ·· _{# #} ·· _{% %} >· _%
Dieter Weiss, Schwäbi&h fcmtihd . * &iacgr; J . *

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Furthermore, Fig. 7 shows a cavity floor with a fire protection barrier 6, 24 according to the type already shown in Figure 1. However, the actual floor layer is not formed by plates which rest on the support plates of the uprights at their corners, but by larger formwork elements 55 which are thermally insulated on the underside with a fire protection plate 6 and/or a fire protection foam and are coated with screed 57 over a separating layer 56.
10

Figure 8 shows a floor where the floor panels are laid with a tongue and groove system.

Fig. 9 also shows a floor of the type described at the beginning, but in which the cavity below the hollow floor level is filled with a fire protection mat 424. Rock wool or a non-combustible bulk material could also be used as filling material. Filling with a bulk material can be implemented particularly cost-effectively. The filling 424 is provided up to the height of the upper end of the support tubes 14 of the posts, so that these are completely surrounded by the fire protection material. But the areas further up, in particular the undersides of the floor slabs 5, are also protected against heating due to the thermal insulation of the filling.

Furthermore, Fig. 10 shows a hollow floor in the embodiment already shown in Fig. 1, 0 where an insert 53 0 for an underfloor socket is embedded in one of the floor panels 5. The insert 530 is inserted into a recess in the floor panel and is connected to the floor panel on the top with a plastic flange. On the bottom, the insert protrudes from the floor panel 5, i.e. the

[File:ANM\WE5715B1.doc] Description, 18.04.02

, flue gas sealing Sir.... . .

Dieter Weiss, Swabian cjtond .· : : .· : ' **·. .''.Jt '. \

Fire protection plate 6 must have a corresponding opening. In order to complete the fire protection shield again, an associated fire protection plate 532 is arranged under the insert 539, which is attached to the fire protection plate 6 with screws shown in dashed lines.

In the raised floor 600 shown in Fig. 11, the fire protection of the uprights 114 is achieved by the fact that the upright 114 has a reinforcement 624 of the support tube compared to conventional support tubes. The increased material thickness means that the uprights are protected against buckling at their element most susceptible to failure in the event of fire, the relatively thin-walled support tube. As with the embodiments shown in Figs. 2 and 9, no fire protection cladding is provided on the screw 18 of the respective upright. Due to the full cross section of the screw 18, however, it is not to be expected here either that the upright will buckle at the screw 18. On the support plate 22 of the upright, again analogous to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, floor panels 5 are placed, on which fire protection panels 6 are arranged on the underside. A fire protection coating 106 as in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 would also be conceivable instead.

Finally, Fig. 12 shows an embodiment of the invention in which the enclosed cavity is separated into two chambers. As already mentioned, the volume of combustion air is reduced in this way. The double cavity floor, which is realized using identical parts and is therefore cost-effective, has identical lower supports 10b and upper supports 10a. The support plate 5 or the base plate of the upper support 10a rests on the support plate of the lower support 10b.

[File:ANM\WE5715B1.doc] Description, 18.04.02

, smoke sealing for...

Dieter Weiss, Swabian EäWnd * ." * * * .· · ' ···. ' .· \ · · · · '·

On the base plate of the upper stand 10a, floor panels 5b of a recessed intermediate layer are placed, and on the support plate of the upper stand 10a, the floor panels 5a of the walkable floor are placed. The floor panels 5a are identical in construction to the floor panels 5b, but have concave recesses at their corners, so that an opening is formed through which the support tube of the upper floor panel runs.

The base plate 805 shown in Figures 13 and 14 is constructed on the basis of a metal tray 806b filled with anhydrite 806a. The metal tray has a circumferential collar 807 which forms a protruding upper side edge. Below the side edge, a fire protection strip 808 is applied all the way around the four side surfaces, which foams up in the event of a fire and completely fills the respective butt joint, thus sealing it off against smoke.

Figures 15 and 16 show a further embodiment of the fire protection floor panel 905, which consists of a metal tray 906b filled with a concrete/anhydrite mixture 906a. The panel has a foaming fire protection coating 908 consisting of a so-called coating on the side surfaces formed by the metal tray 906b.

Furthermore, Figures 17 and 18 show a

a fire protection floor slab 955 consisting of a steel frame 956b filled with lightweight concrete 956a, which is provided with fire protection material both on the underside and on the edges:

A coating 106 on the underside, which foams in the event of fire 5, prevents the direct flame impact on the plate 955. On the edge, however, an application of

[File:ANM\WE5715B1.doc] Description, 18.04.02

, flue gas sealing filter...

Dieter Weiss, Swabian $ijiWid * ." i : * ." i \\", '.''''.Il Il

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Fire protection silicone 958 is intended, which foams when exposed to heat and thus seals the joints between the floor panels laid in a hollow floor to prevent smoke gases from entering.
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Fig. 19 shows an embodiment of the floor panel according to the invention as a wood or plasterboard 965, which is provided with an edge band 966 on the edge. A fire protection putty 968 is applied to the edge band.
10

In Fig. 20, this floor plate 965 is shown in a state laid in a hollow floor. The floor plate 965 rests on a raised floor stand 10, which is surrounded by a fire protection sleeve 24. The fire protection sleeve 10 is sealed against the floor plate 965 with a fire protection putty 968. In this way, a dual protective function is fulfilled:

&bull; against smoke in rooms above floor level in the event of a fire below floor level

&bull; against buckling of the supports due to the resulting heat development

Fig. 21 clearly shows the function of the fire protection strips described above, which are attached to the edges of the floor panels. Two floor panels are shown, arranged next to each other, each designed as a metal tray filled with a filling material and with a surrounding collar. In the joint created when the panels are laid, the fire protection strips attached to the edges of the side surfaces of the floor panels are opposite each other. In the event of a fire, smoke develops and rises in the direction of the arrow marked R. Due to the heat generated in the event of a fire, the fire protection strips begin to foam up (dotted arrows), so that

[File:ANM\WE5715B1.doc] Description, 18.04.02
, smoke gas seal for...
Dieter Weiss, Swabian '

within a short time, the foam masses of the left and right fire protection strips meet so that the butt joint is completely sealed. A small, negligible part of the smoke gas can escape into the space above the floor level during the foaming phase, as shown by the dashed arrow D. The mass of the smoke gases, however, remains in the space below the floor level, so that after the fire protection strips have foamed, an effective smoke barrier is created. Since the floor panels are already stabilized in their position by their own weight, the foaming mass cannot cause the floor panels to shift. Excess material will therefore ooze out of the butt joint downwards or upwards.

Of course, deviations from the variants shown are possible without departing from the basic idea of the invention.
20

In particular, the figures shown in Figs. 1, 7 and 8

The tube sleeves shown also have a rectangular cross-section, so that they could be made from fire protection panels of the type already used to create the fire shield on the underside of the floor panels.

Deviating from the embodiments shown, stands can also be used which have a support tube whose inner diameter is in close tolerance with a support upper part which is inserted during assembly, whereby the support upper part in turn has a thread on which a height-adjustable nut is provided and a support or head plate on which the base layer rests.

[File:ANM\WE5715B1.doc] Description, 18.04.02

, flue gas sealing fJiT·.. ····
Dieter Weiss, Swabian good

Furthermore, it would also be conceivable to provide other structural elements of the hollow floor with the fire protection according to the invention, for example to provide pipe cladding with fire protection pipe sleeves or plastic insert rings provided with a smoke gas sealing putty for insertion into openings of standard size in the floor layer, which serve to accommodate the inserts, such as sockets, etc., and thus seal between the insert and the opening. Appropriate pipe cladding is also conceivable, which can be used on wall openings to adjoining rooms.

The invention therefore consists of a double or

Cavity floor 1; 100; 200; 3 00, in particular with a clear height of more than 200 mm, in which a layer of butt-fitting floor panels 5; 305 rests on uprights 10; 110; 210; 310, and of suitable uprights 10; 110; 210; 310, wherein the uprights 10; 110; 210; 310 are assigned a fire protection cladding 24; 124; 224 to prevent buckling.

All materials that are suitable as a heat-insulating fire protection layer can be used for the fire protection cladding or for the flame-retardant barriers for thermal protection of the structure supporting the hollow floor. For example, a sleeve made of glass or rock wool can be used that surrounds the support at least over a significant length. Corresponding materials 0 can also be used for the fire-resistant shielding of the floor covering.

[File.ANM\WE5715B1.doc] Description, 18.04.02

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Dieter Weiss, Swabian fcMiJnd .* II .'

List of reference symbols

Raised or hollow floor 1; 100; 200; 300; 400; 500; 600; 700
barrier 6, 24; 106, 124; 206, 224; 6, 24,

Floor slabs 5; 3 05; 5a, 5b;

805; 905; 955; 965

underside coating 6;

Fire protection panels on floor slabs 6

Painting the floor panels 106

horizontal intermediate layer 206 Fire protection panels of the horizontal intermediate layer

Fire protection putty 8

concave recesses 209

Support structure/column 10; 110; 210;

310; 10a, 10b

Base plate 12

Support tube 14,

Screw 18

Lock nut 20

Support plate 22;

Fire protection cladding 24; 124; 224; 324; 424; 624

Fire protection pipe sleeve 24; 224;

Individual segments 24a

Painting the stand 124

Refill 424

Reinforcement of the support tube 624

Cross sections 326,

Insert for underfloor socket 530

Fire coverage of operation 532

Formwork elements 55

Separating layer 56

Screed 57

Metal tray 806b; 906b

[FiieAjM\wE57ioA.doq ?&tgr;&phgr;&idiagr;&udigr;&tgr;&egr;. March 25, 2002

galvanized steel frame 956b;

Filling material 806a; 906a; 956a

Wraparound collar 807

Gluing 966

intumescent fire protection strip 808

intumescent fire protection coating 908

intumescent fire protection silicone 958

intumescent fire protection putty 968

&phgr; 25.03.2002

HohbodQlmit BfaniSdlUz

Claims (40)

1. Hollow floor ( 1 ; 100 ; 200 ; 300 ; 400 ; 500 ; 600 ; 700 ), in particular a raised or hollow floor, in particular with a clear height of more than 200 mm, in which a floor layer, for example in the form of floor panels ( 5 ; 305 ; 5 a, 5 b) laid flush against one another or laid with a tongue and groove connection or a folded connection, in particular floor panels according to one of claims 28-38, rests on a support structure ( 10 ; 110 ; 210 ; 310 ; 10 a, 10 b), in particular a support structure constructed from uprights according to one of claims 17-27, characterized in that
the overall construction of the hollow floor ( 1 ; 100 ; 200 ; 300 ; 400 ; 500 ; 600 ; 700 ) is designed while maintaining the component geometry so that
it can withstand increased point loads even in fire-prone environments and/or by
the cavity beneath the floor layer is to be sealed to prevent smoke gases from escaping in the event of a fire. 2. Hollow floor ( 700 ) according to claim 1, in which the floor layer consists of floor panels laid butt-together, characterized in that the seal is located in the region of the butt joints and seals the butt joints in the event of fire. 3. Hollow floor ( 700 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the combustible oxygen volume below the floor level is reduced, wherein at least one intermediate layer ( 5b ) is inserted below the floor layer ( 5a ). 4. Hollow floor ( 700 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that the intermediate layer ( 5b ) and upper uprights ( 10a ) rest on lower uprights ( 10b ) or are connected to them, wherein the floor layer rests on the upper uprights ( 10a ). 5. Hollow floor ( 700 ) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the floor layer and the intermediate layer are formed by structurally identical floor panels ( 5a , 5b ), in particular floor panels according to claims #, and the lower and upper supports ( 10b , 10a ) are structurally identical. 6. Hollow floor ( 1 ; 100 ; 200 ; 300 ; 400 ; 500 ; 600 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the uprights ( 10 ; 110 ; 210 ; 310 ) are assigned a fire protection cladding ( 24 ; 124 ; 224 ; 324 ; 424 ; 624 ) to prevent buckling. 7. Hollow floor ( 1 ; 100 ; 200 ; 300 ; 400 ; 500 ; 600 ; 700 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that the components of the hollow floor are separated from the enclosed cavity by an at least poorly combustible barrier ( 6 , 24 ; 106 , 124 ; 206 , 224 ; 6 , 24 , 532 ; 6 , 624 ; 5b , 6b ). 8. Hollow floor ( 1 ; 100 ; 200 ; 300 ; 400 ; 500 ; 600 ; 700 ) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the at least poorly combustible barrier ( 6 , 24 ; 106 , 124 ; 206 , 224 ; 6 , 24 , 532 ; 6 , 624 ) withstands heating to at least 980°C. 9. Hollow floor ( 1 ; 100 ; 200 ; 300 ; 400 ; 500 ; 600 ) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the barrier ( 6 , 24 ; 106 , 124 ) is formed from at least an underside and at least poorly combustible coating ( 6 ; 106 ) of the floor layer and the fire protection cladding ( 24 ; 124 ; 624 ) of the uprights ( 10 ; 110 ). 10. Hollow floor ( 1 ) according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least underside and at least poorly combustible coating ( 6 ) of the floor layer is sealed against the fire protection cladding ( 24 ) of the uprights ( 10 ) with a fire protection putty ( 8 ) or a preferably elastic fire protection tape made of at least hardly combustible material ( Fig. 1). 11. Hollow floor ( 200 ; 300 ) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the barrier ( 206 ; 224 ) is formed by the fire protection cladding ( 224 ) of the uprights ( 210 ; 310 ) and an at least poorly combustible, horizontal intermediate layer ( 206 ) below the floor slabs ( 5 ; 305 ) ( Fig. 3, 4). 12. Hollow floor ( 200 ; 300 ) according to claim 9, 10 or 11, characterized in that the at least underside and at least poorly combustible coating of the floor layer or the intermediate layer ( 206 ) consists of at least hardly combustible fire protection panels ( 206 ), in particular fire protection panels according to claim 39, which rest on the casing ( 224 ) of the uprights ( 210 ; 310 ) ( Fig. 3, 4). 13. Hollow floor ( 1 ) according to claim 12, characterized in that the fire protection panels ( 6 ) are sealed against the fire protection cladding ( 24 ) of the uprights ( 10 ) with a fire protection putty ( 8 ) or a preferably elastic fire protection tape made of at least hardly combustible material ( Fig. 1). 14. Hollow floor ( 500 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that openings are provided in the floor layer ( 5 ) into which inserts or cups with installation elements are let, wherein the inserts are separated from the enclosed cavity on the underside by an associated fire protection element ( 532 ), for example a fire protection plate or tray or an insulating layer-forming paint and in particular a fire protection tray according to claim 40 ( Fig. 10). 15. Hollow floor ( 400 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fire protection cladding ( 424 ) is provided by at least partially filling ( 424 ) the cavity enclosed by the hollow floor ( 400 ), in particular with fire protection mats or rock wool ( Fig. 9). 16. Hollow floor ( 1 ; 100 ; 200 ; 300 ; 400 ; 500 ; 600 ; 700 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fire protection cladding ( 24 ; 124 ; 224 ; 324 ; 424 ; 624 ) and/or further components of the flame-retardant barrier consist of heat-insulating material. 17. Height-adjustable stand ( 10 ; 110 ; 210 ; 310 ) for a raised or hollow floor, in particular according to one of claims 1-13, with
a base plate ( 12 ),
a support tube ( 14 ; 114 ) which is attached to the base plate at one axial end and has an internal thread at its other axial end, and
a screw ( 18 ) with a screw head which is designed as a support plate ( 22 ; 322 ) for supporting floor panels ( 5 ; 305 ), wherein
the screw is adjustably located in the internal thread of the support tube and is secured by a lock nut ( 20 ) at the end of the support tube opposite the base plate, characterized in that the stand has a fire protection cladding ( 24 ; 124 ; 224 ; 324 ; 624 ) or a reinforcement ( 624 ) ( Fig. 11) at least in some areas on the circumference. 18. Stand ( 10 ; 110 ; 210 ; 310 ) according to claim 17, characterized in that the fire protection cladding ( 24 ; 124 ; 224 ; 324 ; 624 ) can withstand heating of at least 980°C. 19. Stand ( 10 ; 210 ; 310 ) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the fire protection cladding ( 24 ; 224 ) consists of a fire protection pipe sleeve ( 24 ; 224 ; 324 ), for example in the form of a sleeve made of glass or rock wool. 20. Stand ( 10 ; 210 ; 310 ) according to claim 19, characterized in that the fire protection pipe sleeve ( 324 ) consists of composable, individual segments ( 24a ) ( Fig. 6). 21. Stand ( 110 ) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the fire protection cladding ( 124 ) consists of an insulating layer-forming coating ( 124 ), in particular a fire protection foam. 22. Stand ( 110 ; 210 ; 310 ) according to one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that the fire protection cladding ( 124 ; 224 ) is provided on the total height of the support tube ( 14 ). 23. Stand ( 110 ; 210 ; 310 ) according to one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that the fire protection cladding ( 124 ; 224 ) fits tightly against the support tube ( 14 ). 24. Stand ( 10 ) according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the fire protection pipe sleeve ( 24 ) is provided on the entire height of the stand and has an inner circumference which is large enough that the entire stand ( 10 ) can be introduced into the fire protection pipe sleeve ( 24 ). 25. Stand ( 10 ) according to one of claims 17 to 24, characterized in that the fire protection cladding ( 24 ; 124 ; 224 ) consists of heat-insulating material. 26. Stand ( 10 ) according to one of claims 17 to 25, characterized in that the support tube ( 14 ) is filled with a non-combustible material so that it cannot buckle. 27. Stand ( 10 ) according to one of claims 17 to 26, characterized in that the fire protection cladding ( 424 ) consists at least partially of a filling ( 424 ) of the surrounding space with non-combustible bulk material, in particular with fire protection mats or rock wool. 28. Polygonal floor panel ( 5 ) for a raised or hollow floor, in particular according to one of claims 1-16, characterized in that it has an underside, at least poorly combustible coating and/or an edge-side, fire-retardant or smoke-proof coating. 29. Floor plate ( 5 ) according to claim 28, characterized in that the underside, at least poorly combustible coating ( 106 ) consists of a fire protection plate ( 6 ) fastened to the floor plate ( 5 ), in particular a fire protection plate according to claim 39, made of at least poorly combustible material ( Fig. 1). 30. Floor plate ( 5 ) according to claim 29, characterized in that the underside, at least poorly combustible coating ( 106 ) consists of an insulating layer-forming paint ( 106 ), in particular a fire protection foam ( Fig. 2). 31. Floor plate ( 5 ) according to claim 30, characterized in that the fire protection plates ( 206 ) are dimensionally identical to the floor plates ( 5 ) and have concave recesses ( 209 ) at their corners ( Fig. 3, 4). 32. Floor plate ( 5 ) according to one of claims 28-31, characterized in that the edge-side, fire-retardant or smoke-proof protective coating consists of a material applied all around the side surfaces and foaming under the influence of temperature. 33. Floor plate ( 5 ) according to claim 32, characterized in that the thickness of the foaming material is adapted to the dimensional tolerances of the floor plates and assembly inaccuracies when laying the floor plates. 34. Floor plate ( 5 ) according to one of claims 28-33, characterized by a circumferential edge collar, wherein the edge-side, fire-retardant or smoke-proofing protective coating is applied circumferentially to the side surfaces set back from the edge collar. 35. Floor plate ( 5 ) according to claim 34, characterized in that the edge-side, fire-retardant or smoke-proof protective coating consists of fire-retardant silicone. 36. Floor plate ( 5 ) according to claim 34, characterized in that the edge-side, fire-retardant or smoke-proof protective coating consists of a fire protection coating. 37. Floor plate ( 5 ) according to claim 34, characterized in that the edge-side, fire-retardant or smoke-proof protective coating consists of a fire-retardant putty. 38. Floor plate ( 5 ) according to claim 34, characterized in that the edge-side, fire-retardant or smoke-proof protective coating consists of a fire protection strip. 39. Fire protection panel ( 6 ; 206 ), in particular for use according to claim 12, 13 or 29 with an edge-side, fire-retardant or smoke-proof protective coating which foams under the influence of temperature. 40. Fire protection tray, in particular for use according to claim 14 with a circumferential collar flange which has a fire-retardant or smoke-proof protective coating which foams under the influence of temperature.