DE202024001136U1 - Adapter for connecting a dental implant to a dental crown - Google Patents

Abstract

Adapter (10) for connecting a dental implant (50) to a dental crown (100) with a holding member (12) arranged on the crown side, which defines an insertion axis (14) for attaching the dental crown (100) to the holding member (12), wherein the insertion axis (14) runs transversely to the base surface (16) of the adapter (10) arranged on the implant side, and an intersection point (S) is formed between the insertion axis (14) and the plane defined by the base surface (16), and the intersection point (S) lies on an axis of rotation (18) intersecting the plane, wherein in the use position of the adapter (10) after the base surface (16) has been supported on an oral end of the dental implant (50), a rotation of the adapter (10) about this axis of rotation (18) changes the orientation of the insertion axis (14) in relation to the dental implant (50), characterized in that the base surface (16) is pierced by a blind hole (20) which is rotationally symmetrical about the intersection point (S) and is designed to receive a connecting piece (52) protruding from the dental implant (50) in the manner of a pivot bearing in said position of use, and at least a part of the blind hole (20) serves as a contact surface (22) for the connecting piece (52).

Description

The invention relates to an adapter of an implant-supported implant structure for holding at least one dental crown.

Background of the invention

Dental implants are increasingly being used to provide dentures. These dental implants, also known as implants, form an artificial tooth root and are anchored in the jawbone. Adapters according to this invention form an intermediate piece between an oral end of the dental implant - facing the oral cavity - and an implant structure - also known as an abutment - for holding a removable or fixed denture. In this description, the term denture is synonymous with a dental crown, several dental crowns placed next to one another, a bridge or a bar construction, which in turn are collectively referred to as superstructures.

A double crown technique is widely used to produce removable dental prostheses - referred to herein as dental prosthetics. In the context of this description, double crowns are telescopic crowns consisting of an inner telescope and an outer telescope. The telescopic crowns can be milled parallel or conically, the latter being referred to as conical crowns and having the advantage of a permanent, detachable, friction-locking connection with the implant structure.

Cost-effective implant-supported dental prostheses use an adhesive structure with machine-made dental crowns. The latter are planned "on-site" next to the treatment chair in the practice using a CAD-CAM process and milled from a standardized blank. The dental crown created in this way has a standardized holder or a metal core for connecting to the implant structure. Many manufacturers of dental implants offer specially manufactured one-piece implants or two-piece, manufacturer-specific dental implants with an insertable connector that provides a form-fitting adhesive surface for these dental crowns produced using this process.

The abutment can be connected to the implant as a single piece, effectively preventing bacteria from penetrating the dental implant. The dental implant is placed in the mouth where there is sufficient bone. This often requires the dental implant to be positioned in the jaw at an angle that deviates significantly from the axis of the tooth to be replaced. The angles can vary greatly, particularly when several dental implants are used. However, with removable dentures, a very similar insertion direction should be achievable in order to be able to remove and reinsert the denture without complications. For this purpose, the implant-supported structures are usually laboriously ground down and thus individualized. In the event of damage, repairs, changes or extensions to the denture, for example to form a multi-unit bridge, very costly custom-made products are required.

There is therefore a need for prefabricated structures for implant-supported dental prostheses. An adapter is intended to compensate for the angular differences between the angular position of the inserted implant or implants and the insertion direction for the dental prosthetics.

State of the art

A generic adapter is available from the EN 10 2018 001 195 A1 This known adapter for connecting a dental implant to a dental crown is provided with a holding member arranged on the crown side, which defines an insertion axis for attaching the dental crown to the holding member, wherein the insertion axis runs transversely to the base area of the adapter arranged on the implant side, and an intersection point is formed between the insertion axis and the plane defined by the base area, and the intersection point lies on an axis of rotation intersecting the plane, wherein in the use position of the adapter after the base area is supported on an oral end of the dental implant - facing the oral cavity - a rotation of the adapter about this axis of rotation changes the orientation of the insertion axis in relation to the dental implant.

This previously known adapter has a complex geometry and is held in the position of use by a screw connection on the dental implant, whereby an insertion screw used forms a rotation axis of the adapter around the implant. By rotating the adapter around this rotation axis, an angular position of the dental implant can be corrected in relation to the tooth axis defined by the denture, since the insertion axis can be adjusted in relation to the inserted implant.

This previously known adapter is part of a kit for a prefabricated abutment. This kit includes a large number of different components that make dental prostheses quite expensive.

The EN 41 41 128 A1 discloses an adapter for aligning an insertion axis in relation to the dental implant in order to facilitate the insertion and removal of the dental prosthesis. The insertion axis thus describes a direction of thrust of the dental crown when it is placed on the abutment and when it is removed. For this purpose, the implant has a shaft protruding from the implant, onto which the adapter is rotatably attached and provides a shaft path inside that is inclined towards the base of the adapter. By rotating the adapter, the inner cone of the double crown is set in a wobbling motion in relation to the implant and the insertion axis can be adjusted by its outer contour.

This solution is hardly usable for hygienic reasons because of the large gap between the implant and the adapter. The angle of the implant can only be corrected above the gum line. This means that this structure cannot generally be used where there is little space and the incisors are rather small. This "late" angulation means that the axis of the crown is outside the axis of the tooth to be replaced, making the crown appear "prominent". In addition, high torques act on the implant when chewing pressure is applied to the bone, which can lead to bone loss below the implant.

The object of the present invention is to provide an adapter as part of an implant-supported abutment which avoids the disadvantages described above using simple technical means. This object is achieved with the features of the main claim.

The base of the adapter according to this invention is penetrated by a blind hole which is rotationally symmetrical about the intersection point and is designed to accommodate a connecting piece protruding from the dental implant in the manner of a pivot bearing in the said position of use and at least a part of the blind hole serves as a contact surface for the connecting piece. The intersection point can be arranged in the geometric center of the base.

The adapter enables the alignment of the insertion axis to be changed in relation to the dental implant. The holding element determines the insertion axis in relation to the dental implant. When the adapter is rotated around the axis of rotation, the insertion axis moves along the surface of a cone with the intersection point as the cone tip. The axis of rotation is essentially defined by the blind hole. In the position of use in the patient's mouth, the intersection point is always below the gum line.

The core of the invention is the improvement of the rotary bearing in order to better guide the rotation and achieve an almost exact alignment of the abutment.

In the simplest case, the implant is one-piece and has a connecting piece protruding from the dental implant, which can be used from the blind hole in the base of the adapter practically like a guide pin of a door or window fitting. The connecting piece can be provided by the manufacturer for connection to the dental crown or abutment and, according to the invention, serves as part of the pivot bearing. The connecting piece can have a rotationally symmetrical cross-section and can be, for example, a round, oval, square, rectangular, four-sided or polygonal cylinder. A dentist or dental technician could also shorten the connecting piece extraorally - outside the oral cavity - and before implantation or give it a rotationally symmetrical external geometry.

A positive connection with the adapter is achieved by the contact of at least two points, which are connected by a connecting line through the axis of rotation. When the adapter rotates, these two contact points can remain permanently or be replaced by constantly changing, opposing points, which all have only a single axis of rotation in common at the center of the connecting lines. These contact points are all located on the surface of the adapter that defines the blind hole.

The fact that the commercially available "Cerec" system from Dentsply Sirona, especially for CAD-CAM manufactured dental crowns, is available from numerous implant manufacturers and has a correspondingly adapted connecting piece can be exploited. This adapted connecting piece practically forms a "constant" initial geometry for connecting to the attached adapter according to the invention and enables precise rotation around the axis of rotation defined by the blind hole. It can represent an "interface" between the adapter and the dental implant. In this way, an adapter according to the invention fits practically on a large number of manufacturer-specific implants for the "Cerrec" system mentioned above and saves the need to stock a large number of adapters.

The position achieved after rotating the adapter and aligning the insertion axis can then be adjusted by screwing the insertion screw into the Dental implant can be fixed. For this purpose, the insertion screw recommended and/or supplied by the dental implant manufacturer can be used.

Alternatively, a molded part with a blind hole specifically adapted to the implant manufacturer's connector can be glued into the blind hole of the adapter.

After aligning the insertion axis of the adapter, it is possible to firmly connect the adapter to the implant if the connector is glued or cemented to the contact surface in the blind hole.

The insertion axis is advantageously inclined to the rotation axis by an angle of 4° to 8°, preferably 6° or by 14° to 18°, preferably 16° or by 24° to 28°, preferably 26°. A first adapter according to the invention with an angle of inclination of 6° can compensate for the angular position mentioned in the range from 0° to 12° by rotating 360 degrees in relation to the inserted dental implant. Other adapters with other angles of inclination are placed on the implant without dental processing in order to align the insertion axis of the adapter by simply rotating it around the rotation axis by, for example, 10° to about 22°. Another adapter with, for example, an angle of inclination of 26° could change an insertion axis by rotating it around the rotation axis in the range between 20° and about 32° to the angular position mentioned of the dental implant in the mouth of the implant wearer. An implant structure can also comprise more than three adapters with, for example, inclination angles of 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25° and 30° and/or with a 360° rotation of an adapter around the axis of rotation, an angular position of ±5°, ±4° or ±3° can be compensated without departing from the scope of the invention defined here.

Studies suggest that it is not always necessary to allow a healing phase after the dental implant has been implanted in the bone to ensure long-term stability of the connection between the implant-supported denture and the jawbone. For example, a molar lost in an accident can be "copied" using a machine-milled dental crown that is glued to an implant implanted in the tooth gap using the adapter according to the invention.

The adapter according to the invention has a pyramidal, conical, truncated cone or cone-shaped base body, with the base area being provided by the largest area of the base body and the holding element being carried by another side of the base body. The adapter according to this invention thus becomes monotonously smaller from the base area supported on the implant towards the oral cavity and gum line and deviates from the common "tulip shape" of common abutments. On the one hand, this ensures better hold of the gum line on the base body and, on the other hand, reduces the risk of the dark color of the adapter "showing through" when looking at the gums, especially in the area of the incisors. A veneer of the denture can extend below the gum line, since the adapter does not protrude beyond the holding element. With a low wall thickness of up to 0.3 mm, the veneer can also be used in the area of the incisors and no longer appears "prominent". It is even possible to unravel the holding element towards the oral cavity.

A passage opening into the blind hole runs inside the base body and is open to one side of the adapter opposite the base surface. This passage in the base body of the adapter can accommodate the insertion screw for a multi-part implant. After placing the adapter on the oral end of the dental implant - facing the oral cavity - and aligning the insertion axis, cement or adhesive can be applied to the contact point in the blind hole to create a permanent, torsion-proof connection with the connecting piece of the dental implant. The "rotation" found in the adapter on the implant is not lost in the process.

For superstructures and dental prostheses with multiple crowns, multiple implants are required to connect them to the jaw. After the required implants have been "set," an impression is made for the dental technician, which is used to produce a working model with at least one laboratory analogue. The orientation of the implants and their distances from the gum line and the shape of the tooth sockets are thus known to the dental technician. Advantageously, the connecting piece forms a complete unit after being connected to the blind hole of the adapter, and a cylinder end of the connecting piece protruding from the base of the adapter is received by an implant body of the multi-part dental implant in the aforementioned position of use. The connecting piece is inserted with the cylinder end into the laboratory analogue and - after all adapters have been aligned, for example with a parallelometer - united with the adapter by gluing, whereby their alignment with the implant is "preserved." "At the chair," the treating dentist only has to insert the prepared adapters into the corresponding implant bodies.

A retaining screw for screwing into the implant body within the passage of the adapter and a screw channel of the connector. After the superstructure has been test-fitted onto the implants with the prepared adapters, the arrangement can be secured onto the dental implant using the retaining screw.

According to an advantageous development of the adapter, a radially outwardly extending collar is placed between the connecting piece and a molded inlay, which increases the contact surface between the adapter and the connecting piece. The inlay can provide the screw channel mentioned and is held in the position of use mentioned within the implant body. The collar can seal the two-part implant against the penetration of bacteria into the implant body. A gap can also be provided between the collar and the implant or adapter, which is filled by newly formed bone material.

If the side of the collar facing the base surface rests on the base surface of the adapter, this side of the collar can be used for secure bonding. Even under high loads caused by purchasing forces in the area of the molars, the combination of connector and adapter cannot become loose or twisted.

The implant bodies of multi-part dental implants are equipped with an anti-twist device. The inlay or the cylinder end advantageously has a stop surface that interacts with an anti-twist device arranged within the implant body and blocks rotation of the connecting piece in relation to the implant body. This anti-twist device can be a square or hexagonal hole, for example.

If this structure is transferred to the laboratory analogues of the working model when the implanted implant body is molded, the orientation of the adapter with the inlay set in the laboratory can be transferred to the mouth of the implant wearer with "precise degrees". In the above examples of a design of the anti-twist device, the adapter can only be inserted into the implanted implant body in 90° or 60° steps. The retaining elements of the adapter are obviously not parallel when inserted "twisted" and a "correct" or "parallel" arrangement can easily be found with the naked eye.

An advantageous design of the adapter is when the cylinder end or the inlay tapers conically on its outside and has an interference fit for a force-fitting connection with the implant body. Once the correct arrangement of the adapter on the implants has been found, the adapter can be held in this position using the retaining screw. In order to permanently secure this position, a "cold weld" can be created between the implant body and the inlay using the interference fit screw connection.

In order to realize different structures with the adapter, the holding element can be fitted with a component in a form-fitting and torsion-proof manner, whereby the component forms a locator, ball anchor or inner cone.

The component can also be used to make small angle corrections to the insertion axis if the orientations specified by the laboratory are not exactly accurate. A combination of adapter and component enables the achievable angle positions of the insertion axis to be increased in relation to the implant. For example, if an adapter can be used to change the angle between the insertion axis and the axis of rotation by 2° to 10° during a 360° rotation around the axis of rotation, the component can be used to make a further adjustment of ± 2° without having to change the adapter. This combination then enables a change between 0° and 12°.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the accompanying drawings. The invention will now be described in more detail using exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

• 1 eine Seitenansicht eines implantatgestützten Zahnersatzes mit einem ersten in Querschnittansicht gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Adapters;
• 1a eine Schnittansicht der 1;
• 2 eine Schnittansicht eines mehrteiligen Dentalimplantats;
• 2a eine Schnittansicht eines Teils eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels des Adapters gem. 2b;
• 2b eine teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels des Adapters;
• 3 eine Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels von einem Teil eines Adapters gem. 2a;
• 4 eine Seitenansicht eines weiteren Bauteils eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels des Adapters;
• 4a eine Schnittansicht des in 4 gezeigten Bauteils;
• 5 eine Seitenansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines Bauteils des Adapters in Schnittansicht; und
• 5a eine Schnittansicht des in 5 gezeigten Bauteils.

The drawings show:

• 1 a side view of an implant-supported dental prosthesis with a first embodiment of an adapter according to the invention shown in cross-sectional view;
• 1a a sectional view of the 1 ;
• 2 a sectional view of a multi-part dental implant;
• 2a a sectional view of a part of a second embodiment of the adapter according to. 2b ;
• 2b a partially sectioned side view of a second embodiment of the adapter;
• 3 a side view of an embodiment of a part of an adapter according to. 2a ;
• 4 a side view of another component of a third embodiment of the adapter;
• 4a a sectional view of the 4 shown component;
• 5 a side view of another embodiment of a component of the adapter in sectional view; and
• 5a a sectional view of the 5 shown component.

Unless otherwise stated below, the following description always refers to all embodiments and the 1 to 5a , where the same reference numerals describe the same design features.

In 1 an adapter 10 with a dental implant 50 is shown, wherein the implant 50 is provided with ribs 51 on its outside and the dental implant 50 - unlike a tooth root of a natural tooth - is anchored transversely in a bone structure of a jaw. The ribs 51 enlarge a boundary surface between the implant 50 and a jaw bone and thus support a long-lasting connection that can withstand the occurring purchasing forces.

The adapter 10 serves to connect the dental implant 50 to a dental crown 100 and forms a structure with a holding member 12 arranged on the crown side, which defines an insertion axis 14 for attaching the dental crown 100 to the holding member 12.

The adapter 10 is milled from one piece and is a ready-made part made of titanium or a gold alloy. The adapter 10 is a cylindrically shaped body which is adapted to the metal core 102 of a veneered dental crown 100.

The insertion axis 14 runs transversely to the base surface 16 of the adapter 10 arranged on the implant side, which forms an inclined plane. An intersection point S is defined by the insertion axis 14 with the inclined plane defined by the base surface 16. In the use position of the adapter 10 after the base surface 16 has been supported on an oral end of the dental implant 50, the intersection point S lies on an axis of rotation 18 that intersects the plane. A rotation of the adapter 10 about this axis of rotation 18 changes the orientation of the insertion axis 14 in relation to the dental implant 50 and enables an alignment of the tooth crown 100 in relation to a gum line, other adjacent teeth or dentures in the mouth of the implant wearer.

The base surface 16 is penetrated by a blind hole 20 which is rotationally symmetrical about the intersection point S and defines the axis of rotation 18. For this purpose, the blind hole 20 is designed such that in the above-mentioned position of use it receives a connecting piece 52 protruding from the dental implant 50 in the manner of a pivot bearing and at least a part of the blind hole 20 serves as a contact surface 22 for the connecting piece 52.

The connecting piece 52 protruding from the implant 50 has a rectangular, square, polygonal, round or oval cross-section that is rotationally symmetrical to the axis of rotation 18 and is preferably received in a form-fitting manner by the blind hole 20 in order to form the largest possible contact surface 22. In the simplest case, the adapter 10 and the connecting piece 52 are glued together after the insertion axis 14 has been aligned. With other cross-sections of the manufacturer-specific connecting piece 52, at least two opposing contact surfaces 22 are created in the use position of the adapter 10 and the gaps can be filled with a cement compound when the adapter 10 is glued to the implant 50.

The blind hole 20, as part of the pivot bearing, determines the movement of the insertion axis 14 around the intersection point S. In this embodiment, the blind hole 20 is located in the geometric center of the base area 16, as shown in the sectional view 1a shown. In this sectional view, the connecting piece 52 completely fills the blind hole 20. The contact surface 22 is circular and lies completely around it.

The rotation axis 18 defined by the blind hole 20 forms an angle α of 80° to 100°, preferably 90°, with the plane of the adapter 10. In the position of use, the intersection point S is at the level of the oral end of the implant 50 and the adjustment of the insertion axis 14 thus already takes place below the gum line.

The implant manufacturers specify a maximum angulation - i.e. tilt - of the dental implant 50 for the denture of up to 30° in order to safely exclude later damage to the implant 50, in particular cracking or bone loss. The adapter 10 in 1 has an inclination angle β of 16° between the insertion axis 14 and the rotation axis 18. In order to be able to compensate for the said inclination in the range from 0° to about 30° with the adapter 10, a prefabricated set comprises, for example, three or more adapters 10, each one adapter 10 with an inclination angle β of 4° to 8°, preferably 6° and one adapter 10 with an insertion axis 14 inclined by 14° to 18°, preferably 16° and one adapter 10 with an insertion axis 14 inclined by 24° to 28°, preferably 26°.

This previously described set of adapters forms an implant structure with at least three adapters 10, which are spaced apart by an angular distance of 8° to 12°, preferably 10° at the angle of inclination β between the base surface 16 and the insertion axis 14. It has been shown that with a 360° rotation on the implant 50 with the adapter 10 only a small range of about 3° to 6° can be compensated, since otherwise the base surface 16 protrudes beyond the external dimensions of the typical dental implants 50 and causes an undercut which prevents veneering of the tooth crown 100 up to the dental implant 50 or at least can have a negative aesthetic effect.

2 shows an implant body 54 of a multi-part dental implant 50 in sectional view. In 2a the connecting piece 52 is shown that after connecting with the blind hole 20 of the 2b shown adapter 10 forms an overall unit. This overall unit is finally screwed securely and detachably into a thread 60 on the implant body 54 with the retaining screw 28 by means of a screw thread 60a.

2b shows the adapter 10 with a conical base body 11, wherein the base surface 16 is provided by the largest surface of the base body 11 and forms a truncated cone with an inclined plane. The holding member 12 is supported by another side of the base body 11, wherein the base surface 16 specifies an orientation of the insertion axis 14. A passage 26 opening into the blind hole 20 runs within the base body 11 and is open to a side of the adapter 10 opposite the base surface 16. The passage 26 is traversed centrally by the axis of rotation 18 and after screwing in the holding screw 28, its screw head 29 fills the passage 26 to more than 50%, preferably to more than 75%.

In 2a the connecting piece 52 is shown, which is molded onto an inlay 30 and separated by a circumferential collar 32. The inlay 30 with the connecting piece 52 form a screw channel 56, which, after the connecting piece 52 and the blind hole 20 of the adapter 10 are connected, is in turn aligned with the passage 26 of the adapter 10. The retaining screw 28 is supported by the screw channel 56 after being screwed into the implant body 54. On the screw side, a screw thread 60a at one end of the screw shaft 27 and on the implant side a thread 60 in the base of the implant body 54 are used for screwing in. The screw channel 56 is practically completely filled by the screw shaft 27 and the inlay 30 fills a cavity 55 defined by the implant body 54. All cavities inside the adapter 10, the inlay 30 and the implant body 54 are thus largely filled and ensure sufficient long-term stability, in particular screw breakage is reliably prevented.

When connecting the inlay 30 to the adapter 10, the collar 32 comes into contact with the base surface 16 of the adapter 10, thereby enlarging the contact surface 22 and further improving the adhesive connection between the adapter 10 and the connecting piece 52. An underside of the collar 32 facing the implant 50 seals the implant body 54 after the retaining screw 28 has been screwed in and prevents the penetration of liquid and the formation of bacteria.

With regard to the 2 to 2b A method according to the invention for connecting a dental implant 50 to a dental crown 100 is to be described.

Once the implant 50 has been implanted, an impression is made with a position of the implant 50 in the jaw and a working model is made with a laboratory analogue. The laboratory analogue is combined with the inlay 30 and the connecting piece 52 protruding from the dental implant 50 is inserted into the blind hole 20 of the adapter 10. According to the invention, the adapter 10 is rotated about the rotation axis 18 in relation to the implant 50 until the insertion axis 14 coincides with a tooth position of the surrounding teeth and the dental crown 100 applied to the holding member 12 fits in. An adhesive is applied to the contact surface 22 between the connecting piece 52 and the blind hole 20 and an adhesive connection is created.

Multi-part dental implants 50 often have an anti-twist device 58 that blocks rotation of the dental crown 100. According to the invention, the position of the anti-twist device 58 is transferred to the laboratory analogue of the working model. The inlay 30 has a stop surface 24 that interacts with the anti-twist device 58 arranged within the implant body 54 and blocks rotation of the connecting piece 52.

After the inlay 30 has been bonded to the adapter 10, an overall unit is created, wherein the protruding cylinder end of the inlay 30, which is received by the implant body 54 in the position of use, with the stop surface 24 only fits into the implant 50 in the mouth of a patient in certain positions and blocks rotation of the adapter 10 with respect to the dental implant 50.

If the anti-twisting device 58 consists of a symmetrically shaped hexagonal groove inside the implant body 54, the entire unit consisting of adapter 10 and inlay 30 can only be inserted in 60° steps due to its stop surface 24. The holding member 12 always has a different orientation, which is clearly visible to the treating physician, and the correct one can be easily found, which corresponds to the orientation selected on the laboratory analogue of the working model. The holding screw 28 is then inserted and screwed to the implant body 54.

Since CNC-manufactured dental crowns 100 are now widely used, implant manufacturers offer so-called bases for their multi-part implants 50, which are compatible with their manufacturer-specific anti-twist protection 58 and provide a practically standardized connecting piece 52 for the milled dental crowns 100. The adapters 10 of the implant structure according to the invention have blind holes 20 corresponding to the standard connecting piece 52. The connecting piece 52 of the implant manufacturer may only have to be shortened before gluing to the inlay 30. The custom-made dental crown 100 is finally connected to the holding element 12 of the adapter 10.

In 3 another variant of the inlay 30 is shown. A tube piece 57 is formed onto the connecting piece 52 and is traversed by the screw channel 56 for the retaining screw 28. This part of the inlay 30 is received in a bore 36 of the inlay 30, which has the radially outward-running collar 22 at one end and supports the connecting piece 52. The stop surface 24 is arranged at the opposite end. The part of the inlay 30 that receives the tube piece 57 tapers conically on its outside and has an interference fit for a force-locking connection with the implant body 54. If the retaining screw 28 is screwed into the implant body after the inlay 30 has been finally aligned in the patient's mouth, a type of cold welding takes place between the inlay 30 and the implant body 54.

4 shows a component 40 that is to be plugged onto the holding member 12 of the adapter. The component 40 that carries the dental crown 100 is provided with a recess 42 for plugging in and is designed as a ball anchor, since a ball head 45 is attached to its upper side. The component 40 can also be designed in the form of a locator or as an inner cone for a telescopic crown in order to support superstructures such as a bridge as a prosthetic. The upper side of the component 40 has an inclination 48 towards its lower side and tilts the insertion axis 14 of the holding member 12.

In 4a is in the sectional view through the component 40 of the 4 It can be seen that at least three evenly distributed recesses 44 open to the recess 42 are introduced into the component 40, with a locking lug 34 being received in one of the recesses 44. For this purpose, the holding member 12 - as in 2b shown - at least one radially outwardly directed locking lug 34, which causes a predetermined change in the alignment of the insertion axis 14 when the component 40 is placed on the holding member 12. These recesses 44 could also be set unevenly around the central axis of the component 40. It is also clear to the person skilled in the art that a reverse arrangement - recess 44 in the holding member 12 and locking lug 34 within the recess 42 of the component 40 - is also possible. With an inclination 48 of 1° to the underside, the component 40 shown could 4 and 4a with each rotation of 90° relative to the holding member 12, the insertion axis can be tilted by 0.25°. This is particularly useful for superstructures that are supported simultaneously by two or more implants 50 with the adapter 10. The individual insertion axes 14 can then be adjusted very precisely using the components 40 with inclination 48.

The insertion axis 14 of the holding member 12 runs rotationally symmetrically through the recess 42 of the 5 shown component 40 and its outer contour has an inclination 48 of 1° to 4°, preferably 3° to the insertion axis 14.

The base body 11 of the adapter 10 has a cover surface - hereinafter referred to as plateau 15 - and represents a double-cut truncated cone. The holding element 12 is completely received in the recess 42 in a form-fitting manner after the component 40 has been attached. The plateau 15 surrounding the holding element 12 is designed in such a way that the underside of the component 40 is vestibularly flush with the outside of the adapter 10. A vestibular outside made up of the adapter 10 and the attached component 40 forms a straight, continuous line, so that no undercut occurs here and the veneer can be extended with a practically constant wall thickness down to below the gum line. Aesthetically disadvantageous "dark" shadows at the joint between component 40 and adapter 10 also do not occur.

As particularly in the 5a As can be seen, the component 40 provides a screw hole 47 running transversely to the recess 42 and is detachably attached to the holding member 12 by means of a screw. The component 40 can thus be attached to the adapter 10 in a position that is practically exact to the degree, and the inclination 48 makes it possible to adjust the alignment of various implant-supported adapters 10 to an accuracy of one tenth of a degree in order to create a secure frictional "adhesion" of a double crown prosthesis.

The present invention offers a prefabricated implant structure that enables alignment of the insertion axis and compensation of angulations of several dental implants without time-consuming manual individual production. The number of components and their design is quite simple and allows for machine mass production, so that the price of an implant-supported dental prosthesis is significantly reduced. If a malfunction occurs due to an accident or poor care, individual parts of the implant structure can be replaced quickly and easily.

List of reference symbols

10

adapter

11

Base body

12

Holding organ

14

Insertion axis

15

plateau

16

Floor area

18

Rotation axis

20

blind hole

22

Contact surface

24

Stop surface

26

Passage

27

Screw shaft

28

Retaining screw

29

Screw head

30

inlay

32

collar

34

locking lug

36

Drilling

40

Component

42

Deepening

44

Recess

45

Ball head

46

cap

47

Screw hole

48

Inclination

50

Dental implant

51

rib

52

Connector

54

Implant body

55

Cavity

56

Screw channel

57

Pipe section

58

Anti-twist protection

60

thread

60a

Screw thread

100

Dental crown

102

Metal core

S

Intersection

α

angle

β

Tilt angle

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102018001195 A1 [0007]
• DE 4141128 A1 [0010]

Claims (13)

Adapter (10) for connecting a dental implant (50) to a dental crown (100) with a holding member (12) arranged on the crown side, which defines an insertion axis (14) for attaching the dental crown (100) to the holding member (12), wherein the insertion axis (14) runs transversely to the base surface (16) of the adapter (10) arranged on the implant side, and an intersection point (S) is formed between the insertion axis (14) and the plane defined by the base surface (16), and the intersection point (S) lies on an axis of rotation (18) intersecting the plane, wherein in the use position of the adapter (10) after the base surface (16) has been supported on an oral end of the dental implant (50), a rotation of the adapter (10) about this axis of rotation (18) changes the orientation of the insertion axis (14) in relation to the dental implant (50), characterized in that the Base surface (16) is pierced by a blind hole (20) which is rotationally symmetrical about the intersection point (S) and is designed to receive a connecting piece (52) protruding from the dental implant (50) in the manner of a pivot bearing in said position of use and at least a part of the blind hole (20) serves as a contact surface (22) for the connecting piece (52). Adapter (10) to Claim 1 , characterized in that the axis of rotation (18) defined by the blind hole (20) forms an angle (α) of 80° to 100°, preferably 90°, with the plane of the adapter (10). Adapter (10) to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the insertion axis (14) is inclined to the axis of rotation (18) by an inclination angle (β) of 4° to 8°, preferably 6° or by 14° to 18°, preferably 16° or by 24° to 28°, preferably 26°. Adapter (10) according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the adapter (10) has a pyramidal, conical, truncated cone or cone-shaped base body (11), wherein the base surface (16) is provided by the largest surface of the base body (11) and the holding member (12) is carried by a further side of the base body (11), and a passage (26) opening into the blind hole (20) runs within the base body (11) and is open to a side of the adapter (10) opposite the base surface (16). Adapter (10) according to one of the Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the connecting piece (52) forms an overall unit after being connected to the blind hole (20) of the adapter (10) and a cylinder end of the connecting piece (52) protruding from the base surface (16) of the adapter (10) is received by an implant body (54) of the multi-part dental implant (50) in said position of use. Adapter (10) according to one of the Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the passage (26) of the adapter (10) with a screw channel (56) of the connecting piece (52) supports a retaining screw (28) for screwing into the implant body (54). Adapter (10) according to one of the Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that a radially outwardly extending collar (32) is attached between the connecting piece (52) and a molded inlay (30), which enlarges the contact surface (22) between the adapter (10) and the connecting piece (52). Adapter (10) to Claim 7 , characterized in that a stop surface (24) of the inlay (30) cooperates with an anti-twist device (58) arranged within the implant body (54) and blocks rotation of the connecting piece (52). Adapter (10) to Claim 7 or 8 , characterized in that the inlay (30) tapers conically on its outer side and has an interference fit for the force-locking connection with the implant body (54). Adapter (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding member (12) has at least one radially outwardly directed locking lug (34). Adapter (10) to Claim 10 , characterized in that a component (40) to be plugged onto the holding member (12) and carrying the dental crown (100) is provided with a recess (42) for plugging on and has at least three unevenly or evenly distributed recesses (44) open to the recess (42), wherein the locking lug (34) is received in one of the recesses (44). Adapter (10) to Claim 11 , characterized in that the insertion axis (14) of the holding member (12) runs rotationally symmetrically through the recess (42) of the component (40) and its outer contour has an inclination (48) of 1° to 4°, preferably 3°, to the insertion axis (14). Adapter (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component (40) is designed as a ball anchor, a locator or an inner cone for a telescopic crown, wherein the component (40) has a transverse to the recess (42) and is releasably fastened to the holding member (12) by means of a screw.