DE202008007189U1 - Abutment for a screw implant in a jawbone - Google Patents

Abstract

abutment for a one-piece screw implant in a jawbone, comprising an approximately frusto-conical abutment sleeve (1) with an outer step (3) on the lower shaft (2) a tooth-colored preparable material for Mounting on the implant head, characterized in that in Inside (5) of the abutment sleeve (1) at least one elevation (6) is arranged, the exact fit in a corresponding groove on the implant head engaging.

Description

The The invention relates to an abutment for a one-piece screw implant in a jawbone.

screw implants be used as a dental root replacement after tooth loss in the jawbone introduced the patient and serve to accommodate firmly cemented Dental crowns and bridges as well as superstructures for the anchoring of removable dentures.

The known screw implants consist essentially of a Basic body with thread, which is screwed into the jawbone and becomes firmly attached to the bone, as well as an upper one Post section that protrudes from the Zahnfleich and for recording the crown, bridge or other superstructures serves.

It There are both one-piece and two-piece screw implants.

The Screwing in the body of a screw implant in The jawbone is usually done by means of insertion aids a pre-drilled channel, the quality of the patient's existing Jawbone material varies greatly.

Also the thickness of the gum is different for each patient and changes in the course of life z. Due to periodontal disease, whereby the gumline at the tooth neck or at the upper post section of the implant softens slightly or severely and the neck of the tooth or gradually exposes the upper implant body.

It is therefore occasionally necessary, the screw implant easily diverging into the bone to provide sufficient primary stability to reach.

The Screw implants are currently made of titanium or zirconia. These materials are particularly biocompatible and resilient, but can in terms of aesthetics, eg. B. in patients with a high smile line, with periodontosis or oblique Implants, the gray color of titanium in particular in the area the anterior teeth pose a problem when the dark Titanium shining through the thin gum tissue or even the implant head becomes visible.

at the use of implant bodies of zirconium oxide, which already white in color, this aesthetic occurs Problem not, but currently the titanium implant is the am most commonly used material as it is contrary to Zirconia is bendable, stronger and cheaper overall.

Around compensate divergent implant bodies for divergence, so that later the tooth crown, the bridge or a other superstructure just sits on the implant post, There are different solutions.

A one-piece screw implant made of titanium is z. B. known from the German utility model G8717956.3 , The screw implant disclosed therein consists of an implant body with an outside thread, which is sunk completely in the jawbone and an implant head, which carries the later abutment or the dentures.

Between Implant body and implant head is - how also in other known one-piece screw implant systems - a smooth-walled implant neck, which lies in the gum area.

In the from the G 8717956.3 Known screw implant this implant neck is designed as a bending zone to allow a precise alignment of the implant head after insertion of the implant body into the jawbone. Other titanium implanted screw implants known in the art are partially pre-emined in this area.

adversely Here is that the area of the bending zone of the implant neck or the Vorangulation is at risk of breakage, and it at Introducing the implant body by means of a spinner occasionally Turning off the implant neck comes.

The rest As a rule, remaining implant body can only help larger, more invasive procedures from the jawbone be removed or remain in the jawbone and ultimately grow in, what the risk of subsequent complications and infections greatly increased.

It it is also possible to grind the implant head directly, to create a divergence compensation. However, it will the implant head is reduced in diameter and in its diameter Stability affected. Also the impression of the Implant head and the processing of the subsequent denture model becomes more schieriger, there the reduced implant head of the casting model made of plaster due to the smaller diameter severely prone to breakage is.

For two-part implant systems, z. B. in the WO 03/015654 A1 , a first implant body is introduced into the jawbone, which is hollow inside.

If this implant body reliably healed after a few weeks without loading of the implant body, according to the known invention in a second operation step, a second implant threaded body screwed into the cavity of the first implant body, which carries the tooth crown, the bridge or other superstructures.

Around to compensate for these two-part implant systems divergences and / or the titanium implant head for aesthetic reasons To conceal, multi-part ceramic abutments are made from conical Zirconium oxide sleeves on the upper implant section to be screwed in attached, z. B. glued, and then individually grinded.

such Zirkonoxidhülsen are for example from the company Camlog Biotechnologies as prefabricated conical sleeves with a made screwable titanium base, so consist of three separate Divide (zirconia sleeve, titanium base and abutment screw).

In another method is the screw-in titanium implant head laid a modeling clay, which later in the dental laboratory for Production of an individually made zirconium abutment serves.

These known methods in two-part implant systems have the Disadvantage that the Zirkonoxidhülsen of persons with large craftsmanship and experience can be customized and numerous work steps, tools, Items and time are required. This additionally increases the costs and includes treatment of the patient in just a session at the dentist.

One Another disadvantage is that the known Zirkonoxidabutments For two-piece implant systems, first on the separate attached upper implant head, z. B. glued, and then the zirconium abutment with the retaining screw in the jawbone ingrown implant body is screwed, thereby strong stresses are exerted on the zirconium abutment, the microcracks and relaxations of the system and thus to a lead to reduced long-term stability.

From the DE 103 58 680 A1 For example, an abutment for a one- or two-piece dental implant is known which discloses a cap of solid material which is mounted on the implant head and already approximately tooth-shaped, with a plurality of caps in the basic shape of the incisors, canines and molars in the style of a cap set. These caps are not suitable for all types of implants.

From the DE 20 2007 004 943 For example, there is known a screw-retained implant for a jawbone, which consists of a conical implant body with a compression thread, which is compressed in the upper area into a micro-thread. Above the microthread the implant head immediately adjoins, which is advantageously designed as a square and has on its four sides each a vertical groove.

In front In this context, it is the object of the present invention an abutment for a one-piece screw implant in to create a jawbone, which in a few steps allows the compensation of divergences of the implant body and visualization of the implant head under the denture avoids and allows improved work on the plaster model.

Reached This is according to the invention by an abutment for a one-piece screw implant in a jawbone with the features of claim 1.

expedient Further developments are characterized in the subclaims.

First is inserted into the prepared jawbone of the patient by means of a Turned the screw implant of suitable length screwed, wherein by the configuration of the implant body as itself cutting compression thread the bone tissue when screwing of the screw implant into the prepared implant bed set a gradually increasing pressing pressure is, so that already when screwing a high primary stability is reached.

The Screw implant is controlled with insertion tools in the Jawbone introduced.

To Establishing a good primary stability below the sleeve-shaped invention Abutment over the protruding from the oral mucosa Implant head pushed, in such a way that the at least one increase inside the abutment sleeve, called the protruding nose or Rib can be formed, fit into a corresponding groove engages the implant head. Thus, the abutment is wide rotationally secured to the implant head. Furthermore, the abutment sleeve is additional fixed on the implant head, z. B. glued or cemented. excess Material can easily flow out of the upper opening, and any excess part of the implant head is added.

The abutment sleeve can now be easily prepared analogous to a natural tooth stump. Subsequently, in the usual way, the impression of the dentition situation now present by means of egg ner impression mass, of which then a Gebißmodell made of plaster is created to make the final superstructure. The gypsum model now has corresponding stumps in the diameter of natural teeth, which are much less prone to breakage than the plaster stumps as impressions of merely ground implant heads themselves.

It is of course also possible, the denture impression directly from the implants used without attaching Abutment sleeves, and the further processing of the denture model first in the dental laboratory. There will be with the corresponding chosen Abutmenthülse the Aufschubrichtung the defined superstructure defined, divergences balanced, the Abutmenthülse (s) accordingly ground, and the Dentist fixes the abutment sleeve only in a second appointment as mesostructure directly with the superstructure on the implant head. This method is primarily in the application of the so-called Galvanotelescope technique applied.

In the 1 to 3 the abutment according to the invention is explained and described in detail.

It shows

1 the abutment according to the invention in an enlarged oblique view with elevations in the interior;

2 the abutment according to the invention in side view, cut;

3 another design of the abutment according to the invention in side view, cut.

The abutment of the 1 to 3 consists of an abutment sleeve 1 with a lower shaft 2 the outside a step 3 having.

The abutment sleeve 1 is pushed completely over the implant head, not shown. The implant head protrudes from the top of the abutment sleeve 1 out, the implant head is suitably polished.

The upper section 4 of the abutment 1 is tapered conically, with the length of the upper section 4 may be variously sized and chosen based on the actual conditions in the mouth of the patient.

Internally 5 the abutment sleeve according to the invention 1 is at least an increase 6 arranged, which may be in the form of a nose or a rib, which engages in register in a groove along the implant head and thus the abutment 1 rotationally secure fixed on the implant head.

The abutment after 3 shows a particularly advantageous design, which is approximately frusto-conical, but not rotationally symmetrical. One side of the lateral surface 7.1 the abutment sleeve 1 extends outwardly widening in relation to the longitudinal axis LA of the implant. The side surface opposite this side 7.2 On the other hand, it runs continuously conically tapering towards the middle. In the upper section 4 is this side of the abutment sleeve 1 additionally slanted at an angle. This makes it possible to compensate for an implant anchored to a diverging longitudinal axis in the jaw of a patient, and the sliding on of a superstructure is considerably simplified.

In 3 is also the longitudinal axis LA located opposite to the angulation axis AA offset by 10 ° shown. At 12 °, the cone angle of the abutment is also shown.

With the one-piece screw implant system according to the invention implant, abutment and prosthesis is a safe, practical, in everyday practice also of any practicing established Dentist presented simply applicable implant system, which it allows the patient without major surgical interventions painless / painless within a very short time Treatment time due to immediate loading capacity after use of the implant and simplified making a suitable superstructure too for inclined implants optimal dentures which also visually meets the highest requirements corresponds to, and the patient without too much financial burden of dental implants and related Prosthetics can provide.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 87179563 U [0011, 0013]
• WO 03/015654 A1 [0017]
• - DE 10358680 A1 [0024]
• DE 202007004943 [0025]

Claims (6)

Abutment for a one-piece screw implant in a jawbone, comprising an approximately frusto-conical abutment sleeve ( 1 ) with an external stage ( 3 ) on the lower shaft ( 2 ) of a tooth-colored preparable material for placement on the implant head, characterized in that in the interior ( 5 ) of the abutment sleeve ( 1 ) at least one increase ( 6 ) is arranged, which engages accurately in a corresponding groove on the implant head. Abutment for a one-piece screw implant in a jawbone according to claim 1, characterized in that the abutment ( 1 ) above the shaft ( 2 ) is not formed rotationally symmetrical to Imlantatlängsachse LA. Abutment for a one-piece screw implant in a jawbone according to claim 2, characterized in that the lateral surface ( 7 ) of the abutment ( 1 ) in their longitudinal extent variations in the conicity and / or the inclination of the lateral surface ( 7 ) to the inside or outside and / or in their height. Abutment for a one-piece screw implant in a jawbone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper region ( 4 ) of the abutment ( 1 ) is cut obliquely. Abutment for a one-piece screw implant in a jawbone according to claim 3, characterized in that the angulation axis (AA) with respect to the longitudinal axis (LA) of the abutment (FIG. 1 ) encloses an angle of up to 20 °. Abutment for a one-piece screw implant in a jawbone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner shape of the abutment sleeve ( 1 ) is formed precisely fitting the implant head.