DE202013006847U1 - Apparatus for producing and dosing disinfectant solutions by means of the combination of chlorine electrolysis and reverse osmosis - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for the preparation and dosage of disinfectant solutions by means of the combination of chlorine electrolysis and reverse osmosis characterized in that the two parts of the process water treatment and the electrolysis are combined.

Description

In the present invention is an apparatus for producing a disinfecting solution by means of tube cell electrolysis and partial or complete removal of the introduced by the manufacturing process or in the water salts z. B. chlorides by a parallel to the electrolysis process connected reverse osmosis. The starting material used for this purpose can be a granulate or other solid form or liquid used in water treatment plants (inter alia for swimming pools), drinking water treatment plants or wastewater treatment plants.

In this system, the necessary for the production process of the disinfecting solution amount of water, directly from the process water z. B. bath water circuit removed and brought by means of a reverse osmosis to the desired purity. The purified process water is then fed to the chlorine production of the chlorine electrolysis.

State of the art

At present, there are various designs of tube cell electrolysis systems for the preparation and dosage of disinfectant solutions of which one in the Scriptures DE9408480U1 is described.

Thereafter, a tube system with two electrodes in the presence of water is added to salt and then converted by electrolysis to sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen.

The invention underlying problem

Although the tube cell electrolyses are much more robust compared to the membrane cell electrolysis, maintenance-free and cost-effective, but by their design much higher salt entry into the water to be treated. This in turn leads to many undesired secondary factors, such as salinity of the water and increased corrosion in the water and in the room air through saline aerosols.

The invention

This is achieved with the present invention.

The invention consists essentially of the combination of process water treatment with the aid of a reverse osmosis unit and the continuous electrolysis. Here, the entrained by the tubular cell electrolysis and introduced into the water to be treated salt, discharged by the process water treatment, which takes their water from the water to be treated, again. By forming suitable partial flows of the removal and discharge devices, an optimal discharge process, which is located in the water to be treated substances can be realized. In addition, the system consists of a simple, compact, closed and modular design.

Instead of an ion-based softening, reverse osmosis is used. For process water treatment, the water can be removed from the water to be treated. To reduce the chlorides in the water, the reverse osmosis is dimensioned so that the chlorides are reduced in the bath water via a bypass of reverse osmosis. The chlorine storage tank is only dimensioned so large that the minimum system running time of one hour is guaranteed.

The process water (see drawing 1 ) is taken from the bathwater cycle. By means of reverse osmosis, the excess chloride content is filtered out well below the required value (the membrane reduces the salt content by at least 99.1%) and the water is descaled by adding anti-scaling agent.

Since the circuit is supplied by the electrolysis salt, this is also removed again by the reverse osmosis in the same period to keep the chloride content in the bath water steadily equal or reduce. The two components, reverse osmosis and electrolysis, are designed so that the duration of the reverse osmosis takes place only during the life of the electrolysis, in order to reduce the amount of chloride introduced at the same time in selbiger amount again. In addition, the reverse osmosis also runs to fill the brine tank.

The pre-treated by the reverse osmosis water is passed to a part directly into a mixing vessel for the preparation of the disinfecting solution. This part of the pre-treated water is in turn used in need of filling as a feed water for a salt solution tank, the brine is then also supplied to the mixing vessel by means of a metering pump.

The resulting mixture (aqueous brine solution) is fed to the electrolysis (eg an undivided electrolysis tube with anode and cathode).

Chlorine is produced at the anode, hydroxide ions are formed at the cathode and, in consequence, caustic soda. Sodium hydroxide and chlorine then react in the cell to sodium hypochlorite. The hydrogen produced at the cathode is safely separated by the degassing tank.

The second part of the pre-treated water is returned to the pool water cycle.

The concentrate of the reverse osmosis is divided and passed on the one part again via the reverse osmosis and discharged to the one portion as a concentrate in the channel.

The sodium hypochlorite solution formed in the electrolysis cell is fed to a product tank, to which the metering devices of the individual circuits can be directly connected by means of a single or a common suction line.

The removal of the hydrogen produced during the electrolysis process via a directly connected to the electrolytic cell Ausgasebehälter in which the hydrogen is mixed with outside air by means of a fan below the explosion limit and discharged into the atmosphere. This hydrogen-air mixture is discharged from the building into the open air via a steadily rising exhaust air line.

Alternatively, in a chlorine-free separation of the hydrogen, a fuel cell can be used to eliminate the explosive hydrogen.

The control of the device by means of a PLC or other programmable controller and with all the components required for control.

• – Hand/Automatikbetrieb
• – manuelle Einstellungen der Fahrweise über Wochenzeituhr
• – Sicherheitsfunktionen wie Stromabschaltung, Leckagemeldung

The control includes:

• - Manual / automatic mode
• - Manual settings of the driving style via weekly timer
• - Safety functions such as power off, leakage

Advantageous effect of the invention

The preparation and dosage of disinfectant solutions is much easier with the present invention, so that the interference factors are largely avoided from the outset.

Due to the combined simple, compact and closed design with safe handling of the feedstock and controlled removal of the concentrated substances of the reverse osmosis concentrate and the process gases of the electrolysis, the device is compared to other systems much more robust, safer and cheaper.

In addition, the system is modular and can be easily expanded as desired.

Development of the invention

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are listed in the claims 15, 19-26.

Instead of discharging the process gases produced during the electrolysis into the open, a fuel cell or another device can be used to convert the hazardous gases.

The claims for protection 19-26 include a further possibility of combining one or more automated filling and loosening devices as well as further design possibilities of the system parts and peripheries. For a larger modular structure z. B. the filling of the brine tank over long distances with the help of conveying air or other medium to the task site.

Presentation of the invention

The operation of the device is in the drawing 1 illustrated by a scheme and described in more detail under chapter invention. The structural design is in the drawing 2 displayed. The in the drawing 1 Scheme represented as a scheme consists essentially of one or more reverse osmosis units ( 17 ) with the feed pump ( 9 ), Antiscale metering pump ( 6 ) and Antiscallingvorratsbehälter with all the necessary system components such as stirrers, shut-off valves ( 6 ) and measuring equipment ( 8th . 56 ) as well as the electrolysis unit with electrolysis cell ( 42 ), Mixing device ( 40 ) and the brine container with all necessary system components such as shut-off valves ( 34 . 35 ), Measuring equipment ( 31 - 33 ) and metering pump.

From the respective circuit, a preset, electronically monitored amount of water via the sampling line with the shut-off valves ( 1 . 2 ) and dirt traps ( 3 ) by means of a frequency-controlled feed pump ( 9 ) and via the reverse osmosis membrane cartridges ( 17 ), whereby the salt content (chlorides) in the water to be purified and the lime through the membranes are reduced. Pressure monitoring ( 10 ) in the pressure line of the feed pump ( 9 ) serves to control the caking state of the reverse osmosis membranes ( 17 ).

The treated from the reverse osmosis permeate is either one or more electrolyzer supplied (solenoid valve 39 opened, solenoid valve 28 closed) or one or more brine containers (solenoid valve 28 opened, solenoid valve 39 closed) or in the Recirculated circuit via return line. The feedback takes place, monitored by the electronic flow meter ( 22 ), via the needle valve ( 26 ) and the solenoid valve ( 29 ). The reverse osmosis ( 17 ) concentrate is part of the system before the feed pump ( 9 ) and partly via the shut-off valve ( 12 ) drained into the sewer. The amounts of the two concentrate streams are via the two valves ( 15 . 16 ) and the two flow measurements ( 13 . 14 ).

To block the reverse osmosis membrane cartridges ( 17 ) and to reduce the possibly still existing chlorine content in the supplied process water, antiscaling agent by means of a metering pump ( 6 ) is added. The amount of water required for the mixing ratio is controlled by a ball valve ( 19 ) and the anti-scaling storage container ( 7 ). The antiscaling template container ( 7 ) is controlled by two level sensors ( 8th . 58 ) supervised. The upper level switch located in the suction lance of the dosing pump ( 8th ) outputs a "pre-empty message" that the stock of anti-taxing funds is coming to an end. The lower level switch ( 58 ) gives out an "empty message" of the container.

The from the reverse osmosis membrane cartridges ( 17 ) at the end exiting permeate is a proportion of the electrolysis cell ( 42 ) and to other portion if necessary the salt dissolving container ( 30 ). This is done by a flow meter ( 22 ) and by various flap positions depending on the level of the brine ( 30 ) realized. The remaining portion is returned to the original withdrawal cycle. Monitored by a flowmeter ( 22 ), the return line is controlled by an electric solenoid valve ( 29 ) shut off. The amount is transferred through a needle valve ( 26 ) or this must automatically follow the proportions of the other outflows. An "independent" operation of reverse osmosis ( 17 ) independent of the electrolysis part ( 42 ) is only intended, before operating the electrolysis, if necessary, the brine ( 30 ) to fill.

The brine is fed via the dosing pump ( 37 ) in the permeate line before the mixing chamber and in the mixing chamber ( 40 ) mixed. That in the mixing chamber ( 40 ) is then measured for its salt content by a conductivity measurement ( 41 ) and then passed into the electrolytic cell, which in turn by a temperature sensor ( 43 ) is monitored. If a preset temperature limit is exceeded, the system is switched to the OFF state and a fault message is output.

The in the electrolytic cell ( 42 ) Sodium hypochlorite solution and hydrogen reach the electrolysis cell ( 42 ) in the degassing tank ( 45 ), where through the side via an external fan ( 46 ), dilute the hydrogen below the explosion limit sufficiently and blow it towards the exhaust gas line, and dilute the sodium hypochlorite solution in the product tank monitored by level sensors ( 50 ) overflows. If this is not below the filling level "filling ON", a release for the dosage is given. The hydrogen exhaust pipe is controlled by an electronic flow switch ( 44 ) supervised.

3 represents a section through the electrolytic cell.

In 4 is a section through the Ausgasungsbehälter shown.

Summary

Apparatus for producing and dosing disinfectant solutions by means of the combination of chlorine electrolysis and reverse osmosis.

Apparatus for producing and dosing disinfectant solutions by means of the combination of chlorine electrolysis and reverse osmosis, which are used, inter alia, in water treatment plants (eg swimming pools), drinking water treatment plants or wastewater treatment plants with the essential labeling in the simple, compact, robust, closed and modular Design with safe handling of the starting materials, as well as the maintenance-minimized and cost-effective production and dosage of the necessary disinfectant solution. Use of the water to be treated for process water treatment and thereby simultaneous cleaning of the water to be treated with the help of reverse osmosis. This minimizes the chlorides and other salts in the water cycles. Further essential labeling is the concentration of the components filtered off in reverse osmosis and the controlled routing or further treatment of the process air.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

ball valve

2

Solenoid valve filtrate extraction line

3

Strainer or pre-filter

4

Stirrer antiscaling container

5

check valve

6

Dosing pump antiscaling agent

7

Antiscalingvorlagebehälter

8th

Level sensor "Vorleer" Antiscaling original container

9

Frequency-controlled feed pump

10

Analog pressure measurement

11

Three-way valve

12

Solenoid valve concentrate

13

Flow meter concentrate return

14

Flow meter concentrate discharge

15

Needle valve concentrate return

16

Needle valve concentrate discharge

17

Reverse osmosis filter cartridge

18

Three-way valve concentrate

19

Ball valve permeate to antiscaling original tank

20

Solenoid valve permeate

21

Total permeate flow meter

22

Flow meter permeate to be treated water

23

Flow meter permeate to brine tank

24

Needle valve permeate for electrolysis

25

ball valve

26

Needle Valve permeate to the water to be treated

27

Needle valve permeate for saline solution tank

28

Solenoid valve permeate for salt dissolving tank

29

Solenoid valve permeate to be treated water

30

Salt dissolving tank

31

Level sensor "High" Salt dissolving tank

32

Level sensor "Low" Salt dissolving tank

33

Level sensor "Empty" Salt dissolving tank

34

Drain Ball Valve Salt Release Tank

35

Ball valve suction line brine tank

37

Dosing pump brine

38

Check valve brine

39

Solenoid valve permeate before mixing device

40

Mixing device permeate brine

41

Conductivity measurement of saline solution before electrolysis

42

electrolysis cell

43

Temperature measurement electrolysis cell

44

Flow monitor exhaust air (hydrogen-air mixture)

45

Ausgasebehälter

46

fan

47

Level sensor "High" Product tank

48

Level sensor "Low" Product tank

49

Level sensor "Release dosage" Product tank

50

Reservoir

51

Drain ball valve product tank

52

Empty message antiscaling template container

53

Transformer with rectifier for the electrolytic cell

54

Activated carbon filter

60

control

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 9408480 U1 [0003]

Claims (26)

Device for the preparation and dosage of disinfectant solutions by means of the combination of chlorine electrolysis and reverse osmosis characterized in that the two parts of the process water treatment and the electrolysis are combined. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation of the disinfecting solution is carried out by one or more chlorine electrolysis units and the introduced into the water to be treated salts are partially or completely removed by one or more reverse osmosis filter units. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 2, characterized in that the water required for the preparation of the disinfecting solution can be removed directly from the water to be treated. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the possibly present in the water chlorides and other substances for the protection of the reverse osmosis membrane by adding an appropriate means of reservoir, container and the like can be partially or completely eliminated. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that after the reverse osmosis concentrate and the purified water can be divided into one or more partial streams. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the concentrate of the reverse osmosis can be supplied to the higher concentration in the partial flow of the reverse osmosis. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the one or more partial streams after the reverse osmosis for the chlorine electrolysis, for preparing the brine, can be returned to the water to be treated or other purpose. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the purified water before or in one or more mixing devices, before or in one or more electrolysis devices with brine for electrolysis can be mixed together. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the supply of the liquid to the electrolysis cell via one or more barriers and one or more horizontal, vertical, lateral or obliquely arranged passages with / without facilities such as nozzles and the like or one continuous Slit can be made from above and / or laterally and / or from below. Apparatus according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the prepared disinfecting solution can be added directly or via one or more storage containers in the free outlet or via one or more removal devices (eg one or more metering pumps) to the water to be treated. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that the plant parts can be dimensioned so that the formation of chlorate largely minimized or avoided. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 11, characterized in that the storage container with one or more ventilation devices and / or with one or more filters, for. As activated carbon filters, can be performed. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 12, characterized in that the gases produced during the electrolysis can be discharged or continued via one or more lines with or without auxiliary devices, such as fans, etc., into the open or for further treatment. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 13, characterized in that the container vents can be brought together and / or discharged into the open air and / or sucked off. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 14, characterized in that the treatment of the gases produced during the electrolysis can be done with a fuel cell or other means. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 15, characterized in that it with one or more controls and control devices and with all required for manual and automatic single and multiple components such as barriers, mixing devices, frequency converters, measuring equipment, etc. and all necessary safety features such as power cut equipped in case of danger, leakage messages and the like and can be operated in manual and / or automatic mode. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 14, characterized in that the device can be freely standing, housed in a rack or in a cabinet and can be operated manually or via one or more controls in manual and / or automatic mode. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 17, characterized in that the device consists of a or more modular units is constructed, the preparation of the disinfecting solution is carried out continuously or in batch mode and all storage containers and containers can be designed as a stationary, removable or disposable container. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 18, characterized in that the storage container with an automatic filling with all this required fittings, meters, aggregates, udgl. can be executed. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 19, characterized in that instead of the reservoir, a changeable container can be used. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 20, characterized in that all parts of the plant, such as storage containers, containers, mixing, osmosis, electrolysis and other facilities and parts of the device can be round, square or other form. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 21, characterized in that all system parts can be performed in all materials. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 22, characterized in that the filling can also take place over long distances with the aid of conveying air, conveying media and conveyors. Apparatus according to claims 1 to 23, characterized in that it can contain or be extended to other peripheral components such as the ultrafiltration device or device for the formation of chlorine dioxide, dosing devices for ready-made solution, etc. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 24, characterized in that the water required for the production of the disinfecting solution can also be taken from other water systems. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 25, characterized in that the water required for the production of the disinfecting solution can be preconditioned before the reverse osmosis membrane by filters or other means.

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