DE202005002491U1 - Roller bearing cage has a series of roller compartments formed by free-moving blocks with waisted sides and rounded edges - Google Patents

Abstract

A roller bearing cage has a series of cross-pieces (4) at equal intervals, each cross-piece separating one roller from the next by a gap (11). The cross-pieces are free moving plugs. As seen in plan-view each free-moving plug consists of two identical blocks, each transposed by half its width from the other. Waisted block faces are directed to the respective rollers.

Description

Cages in roller bearings have the task of rotating the rolling elements with each other in one keep a certain distance and keep it in the possibly existing, unloaded To lead the zone of the warehouse. Thereby on the one hand, a uniformly distributed introduction the bearing forces scored into the bearing rings and a quiet running of the bearing, and to others will prevent the rolling elements rubbing against each other and this undesirable Heat in Create bearings.

Rolling cages are as pressed cages or as massive cages each made in one or more parts. They are in theirs Dimensions chosen such that they find space between the bearing rings, and that they are in no direction over the bearing rings stick out.

pressed cages have a low weight and cause by their low volume Good access of the bearing lubricant to the individual bearing components.

Become a massive cages used in warehouses with higher Run speed and are needed if in addition for circulation of the bearing high accelerations of the rolling elements occur as it is, for example, by the action of strong vibrations or due to strong braking of the bearings happens.

Thereby, that massive cages a big part fill in the storage room, the supply of bearing components with lubricant is more critical as with pressed cages. The at very large Roller bearings partially used bolt cages, where cylindrical Bolt through the hollow-drilled rolling rollers are stuck and lead this way, have large, free Cross-sections within the camp and ensure a proper Transport of the lubricant to the bearing components. Due to the pierced rolling elements can this cage version only at very large Bearings are used and is also very expensive.

It Object of the invention to provide a roller bearing cage, which by its design an improved access of the lubricant allows for the individual bearing components.

One inventive cage has at the, facing the rolling elements surfaces its webs depressions, which at the entire contact surface to a Rolling elements of the Rotary axis of the rolling bearing out radially outward run. This creates a number of channels through which the lubricant from one bearing ring to the other, as well as to the running surfaces of the Rolling can reach. When the bearing rotates by the rotation of the rolling elements their surface Lubricant carried. Through the depressions in the webs can a part of, of the rolling elements after the rolling contact received on a bearing ring, lubricant to each other bearing ring to be there, the separation between Rolling elements and Ensure bearing ring through a lubricant film. The peripheral parts of the Rolling elements, which not opposed to the depressions of the webs, are by the Pulling the lubricant into the relatively narrow gap between Ridge and rolling elements sufficient lubricated so it does not cause a solid friction between rolling elements and Footbridge is coming. However, the formation of the depressions in the webs is clearly advantageous to ensure the supply of lubricant during rolling contact between rolling elements and Bearing rings.

A Formation of the webs according to the described type is particularly advantageous for rolling bearings, which are lubricated with grease. Due to the improved supply The bearing components with grease prevent lean lubrication. Furthermore, it is possible the necessary Reduce grease in the bearing. By doing that then less Fat is moved through the camp, and because the fat is less pronounced is, is from a lesser warming of the camp with the resulting expected benefits. These benefits include a lesser needed Bearing clearance, a reduced rotational resistance and a lower Power loss of storage, as well as a longer service life of the lubricant.

Especially with grease-lubricated bearings must be ensured even under unfavorable conditions, such as the start at temperatures at which the grease is still relatively stiff, a wetting of Wälzkörperlaufflächen with lubricant. So that no zones arise at the circumference of the rolling elements, which are not sufficiently supplied by the contact with the projections of the webs with lubricant, the depressions in the surfaces of two adjacent webs, which are assigned to a common rolling element, advantageously arranged in such a way that they along the Longitudinal axis of the rolling elements are offset by the width of a projection to each other. The entrained on the running surface of the rolling element lubricant must thus be deflected in a circulation of the rolling element in its movement. By doing damming a certain amount of lubricant on a projection of the web, a portion of the lubricant is drawn into the gap between the projection and Wälzkörperlauffläche, thus ensuring adequate lubrication. To achieve a certain distribution of the lubricant movement within the bearing, it may be advantageous, for example, the depressions, which in Direction of the longitudinal extent of the webs are outside, wider than the depressions in the region of the central longitudinal extent of the webs. The same effect can also be achieved, for example, by increasing the depth in the circumferential direction of the roller bearing in the outer recesses while maintaining the width of the recesses constant. Likewise, to obtain different free cross sections, a variation of width and depth of the recesses is possible.

The radial height the webs is as possible to achieve greater, free cross sections within the warehouse as small as technical possible to choose.

especially warehouse smaller dimensions, the use of a one-piece cage is advantageous. This can, depending on the type of rolling bearing, preferably manufactured as a plastic injection molded part, as a casting or as a sintered part be. In these versions can the depressions in the webs advantageous already during the Initial forming of the component or subsequently by machining be generated. Alternatively, the use of a, from a semi-finished product made possible by machining cage.

From a certain size of the bearing is the use of a multi-part solid cage possible and useful. One type of such a cage is a so-called comb cover cage, in which the webs and one of the two end plates, which the cage axially lead to the rolling elements, integrally formed are. The second end plate is used as a cover on the front sides the webs attached and closes thereby the cage in the axial direction. An attachment to the webs takes place for example, by riveting or by a screw. The depressions in the webs are both by a chipping, For example, with a side milling cutter from the front of the cage out, as well as by an appropriate training of the form at Spraying a plastic cage or when watering or sintering a metal cage possible.

at Another type is a radially split completely into two halves Cage used. The cage halves are preferably identical and therefore have half webs, which during assembly of the cage train the complete bridges. The connection of the cage halves takes place preferably by riveting or screwing. The introduction of the Recesses in the webs can be through the archetypes or through a Machining of the cage halves done.

Especially for rolling bearings larger dimensions As an alternative to the types mentioned, the use of a cage is possible with the webs are formed as separate components, which in the Mounting to be connected to the sections for axial guidance of the cage. Thereby, that the webs are manufactured as individual parts, is the introduction the depressions in the, later facing the rolling elements, surfaces less expensive than in the aforementioned cage types. So is a cutting Processing of the webs due to their all-round accessibility relatively easy.

It but it is also possible the web in one step as injection or as a sintered part Ready to install. A manufacture as a cast component is also conceivable.

In an advantageous further embodiment of this type the web elements with longitudinal bores provided by which rods are inserted during assembly of the cage, to pull the end plates against the faces of the webs and thereby to secure this. A use of two, in relation on the longitudinal axis of the bearing radially on top of each other arranged rods is advantageous to a twisting of the webs around one, to the longitudinal axis of the bearing parallel to prevent axis.

It is also possible dividing the web elements into a number of individual elements, which during assembly of the cage be raised on the bars one after the other. Such individual elements can preferably in each case a projection and a recess of a web for each form the two adjacent rolling elements. This results in an injection-molded or sintered component without undercuts, which in great Quantity inexpensive is to produce. In its simplest form is such an item of the bridge a flat plate, which on its one side Projection of a bridge and on its other side a depression of a footbridge. When assembling several such plates alternately raised on the rods. Such a plate is for example, produced as a stamped part, due to the very high needed numbers a small unit price can be achieved.

In dependence from the manufacturing method and, from the design of the individual parts resulting assembly work is thereby a for the particular application optimal construction of the cage to reach.

Cages of mentioned types are also for multi-row Bearings usable, the execution and arrangement of the individual cage components should then be selected accordingly. The same applies to the use of such cages in axial rolling bearings.

Several preferred embodiments of a rolling bearing cage according to the invention are explained below with reference to figures. Show it:

1 a section of a longitudinal section through a radial rolling bearing with a rolling bearing cage according to the invention according to a preferred type;

2 a tangential cross section through a rolling bearing to 1 ;

3 a single element of a web element according to a particularly preferred type;

4 a single element of a web element according to another preferred embodiment;

5 a web element in which the width of the recesses is varied;

6 a web element in which the depth of the recesses is varied;

7 a section of a longitudinal section through a roller bearing with an inventive, one-piece roller bearing cage.

1 and 2 show a radial cylindrical roller bearing, in which the cage by a number of web elements ( 4a ), two end plates ( 7 ) and connecting rods ( 8th ) is trained. The face plates ( 7 ) are preferably by nuts ( 9 ), which on threaded ends ( 8a ) of connecting rods ( 8th ) are screwed against the end faces ( 4b . 4c ) of the web elements ( 4a ) pressed and secured to this. The connecting rods ( 8th ) protrude through the web elements ( 4a ) in holes ( 10 ), which between the preferably parallel end faces ( 4b . 4c ).

The web elements ( 4a ) have on their, the rolling elements ( 1 ) facing pages ( 4d . 4e ) a number of protrusions ( 5 ) and depressions ( 6 ), which alternate along the longitudinal extension of the rolling bearing, preferably at constant intervals. The width of the projections ( 5 ) and the depressions ( 5 ) remains constant. At each individual web element ( 4a ) are the projections ( 5 ) and depressions ( 6 ) on both sides ( 4d . 4e ) is preferably arranged so that in the circumferential direction of the rolling bearing in each case a projection ( 5 ) of a well ( 6 ) is opposite.

The face plates ( 7 ) have openings, preferably cylindrical bores ( 7a ), in which, to the openings congruent, preferably cylindrical sections ( 8b ) of connecting rods ( 8th ) with a tight fit, so that the web elements ( 4a ) in their position on the end plates ( 7 ) and thus be determined in their position with each other. This embodiment ensures that the undisturbed rotation of the rolling elements ( 1 ) required column ( 11 ) between the projections ( 5 ) of the web elements ( 4a ) and the rolling elements ( 1 ) be formed.

The length of the web elements ( 4a ) is selected such that between the end faces of the rolling elements ( 1 ) and sections ( 13 . 14 ) of the end plates ( 7 ) Free spaces ( 12 ) remain, but still a relatively narrow leadership of the cage in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the bearing is achieved. When rolling the rolling elements ( 1 ) on the bearing rings ( 2 . 3 ) is the cage by the contact of the web elements ( 4a ) on the rolling elements ( 1 ) taken from them. In the columns ( 11 ) and open spaces ( 12 ) builds up by the rotation of the rolling elements ( 1 ) a lubricant film on the direct contact between the rolling elements ( 1 ) and the web elements ( 4a ) and between the rolling elements ( 1 ) and sections ( 13 . 14 ) of the end plates ( 7 ) prevented.

The web elements ( 4a ) are particularly preferably manufactured as ready to install injection molded parts from an aging and oil-resistant, pressure and wear resistant plastic. The face plates ( 7 ) are particularly preferably made of sheet metal as flame cutting parts with minimized mechanical finishing. Particularly preferred are the end plates ( 7 ) made multiple radial split, so that the amount of waste sheet is minimized when flame cutting from a metal sheet by nesting the items accordingly. The resulting segments are preferably welded together by welding to complete end plates before the eventual mechanical processing and before mounting the cage ( 7 ) joined together.

3 shows a particularly preferred construction of a single element of a web element. This has at its, later facing the rolling elements sides only one projection ( 5 ) and a recess ( 6 ) on. During assembly of the cage, a number of these individual elements via holes ( 10 ) mounted on connecting rods, so that a structural unit arises, which in their sequence of projections ( 5 ) and depressions ( 6 ) a web element ( 4a ) of the embodiment according to 1 and 2 equivalent. An already described width variation of the depressions ( 6 ) over the longitudinal extent of the web element ( 4a ) can be achieved by the use of different, appropriately shaped individual elements.

The contours of the projections ( 5 ) and the depressions ( 6 ) correspond to the contours of the web elements when used in a comparable rolling bearing ( 4a ) to 1 and 2 trained projections ( 5 ) and depressions ( 6 ).

The rest of the construction and the function of the cage preferably correspond to the embodiment described 1 and 2 , so that it will not be discussed further here.

4 shows a further preferred construction of a single element of a web element. This is preferably designed as a flat component and is preferably produced by a punching or cutting process of plate material. It has on its one, later a rolling body facing page a projection ( 5 ) and at its other, later a rolling body facing side of a depression ( 6 ) on. During assembly of the cage, a number of these individual elements - as shown - with oppositely directed projections ( 5 ) about their holes ( 10 ) mounted on connecting rods. The resulting assembly corresponds in its sequence of projections ( 5 ) and depressions ( 6 ) a web element of the embodiment according to 1 and 2 ,

It is also possible, by an appropriate choice of the thickness of the sections, which the projection ( 5 ) and the depression ( 6 ) form, in the assembly of the individual elements to a web element, the width ratio of the projections ( 5 ) to the wells ( 6 ) within certain limits to choose freely. Through the use of appropriately designed individual elements, a described width variation of the depressions ( 6 ) accessible over the longitudinal extent of the web element.

The contours of the projections ( 5 ) and the depressions ( 6 ) correspond to the contours of the web elements when used in a comparable rolling bearing 1 and 2 trained projections ( 5 ) and depressions ( 6 ).

The rest of the construction and the function of the cage preferably correspond to the embodiment described 1 and 2 , so that it will not be discussed further here.

5 shows in a section of a cage whose web elements ( 4a ) to achieve a certain distribution of the lubricant movement within the bearing are preferably formed such that at the same depth, the width of the recesses ( 6 ) along the longitudinal extent of the web elements ( 4a ) is varied. The depressions ( 6 ) near the end plates ( 7 ) are wider than the depressions ( 6 ) in the region of the average longitudinal extent of the web elements ( 4a ). The projections ( 5 ) preferably have a constant width. This configuration results in the region of the ends of the rolling elements ( 1 ) larger cross sections for the passage of the lubricant. This serves to reduce the lubricant flow despite a smaller, by the displacement of the lubricant by the rolling rolling elements ( 1 ) caused to ensure sufficient pressure in the lubricant.

The rest of the construction and the function of the cage preferably correspond to the embodiment described 1 and 2 , so that it will not be discussed further here.

6 shows in a section of a cage whose web elements ( 4a ) are formed such that, while maintaining the same width, the depth of the near the end plates ( 7 ) arranged recesses ( 6 ) is enlarged. This results, as well as in the execution 5 , in the area of the ends of the rolling elements ( 1 ) larger cross sections for the passage of the lubricant.

The rest of the construction and the function of the cage preferably correspond to the embodiment described 1 and 2 , so that it will not be discussed further here.

7 shows in a section in radial plan view of a one-piece cage of a radial ball bearing. The cage is preferably produced as a ready-to-install plastic part by injection molding. The bridges ( 4 ) are materially firmly connected to one another on one of the front sides of the ball bearing, this connection being interrupted by the sections merging into one another on this side of the bearing ( 13 . 14 ) he follows. Facing the other end face of the bearing cover the sections ( 13 . 14 ) the spherical rolling elements ( 1 ) in the circumferential direction of the rolling bearing only so far that the mounted cage by the enclosure of the rolling elements ( 1 ) is held by these in the axial direction in its position. This results in this end face of the cage openings whose internal dimension is only slightly smaller than the diameter of the rolling elements ( 1 ). For mounting in the bearing of the cage with its open end between the bearing rings on the already inserted into the bearing rolling elements ( 1 ). The sections ( 13 . 14 ) are designed so that they spring away and the way for the rolling elements ( 1 ). In the end position of the cage the sections spring ( 13 . 14 ) and close the rolling elements ( 1 ) so that the cage is axially held by them in the bearing.

The projections ( 5 ) and depressions ( 6 ) in the pages ( 4e . 4e ) of the webs ( 4 ) are produced during injection molding of the cage. They are designed so that both their production is possible, as well as that their function is ensured in the rolling bearing.

1

rolling elements

2

Bearing outer ring

3

Bearing inner ring

4

web

4a

web element

4c, 4d

front

4e, 4e

page

5

head Start

6

deepening

7

faceplate

7a

Breakthrough, cylindrical section

8th

connecting rod

8a

threaded portion

8b

congruent Section, cylindrical section

9

mother

10

drilling

11

gap

12

free space

13 14

of overlapping section

Claims (14)

Rolling bearing cage, comprising: a) a number of webs ( 4 ), which in the circumferential direction of the rolling bearing between the rolling elements ( 1 ) are arranged, wherein the webs ( 4 ) are formed such that between them and the rolling elements ( 1 ) Column ( 11 ), b) sections ( 13 . 14 ), which the rolling elements ( 1 ) cover at least partially on both sides in each case a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal extent of the rolling bearing, wherein the sections ( 13 . 14 ) are formed such that between them and the rolling elements ( 1 ) in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the rolling bearing on both sides free spaces ( 12 ), characterized in that c) the webs ( 4 ) at their, the rolling elements ( 1 ) facing pages ( 4d . 4e ) each have a number of projections ( 5 ) and depressions ( 6 ), wherein the depressions ( 6 ) the pages ( 4d . 4e ) of the webs ( 4 ) project substantially completely radially to the longitudinal extent of the rolling bearing. Rolling bearing cage according to claim 1), characterized in that at least one of the webs ( 4 ) by a separate web element ( 4a ) is formed. Preferably, all webs are formed in this way. Rolling bearing cage according to claim 2), characterized in that at least one of the web elements ( 4a ) is formed by a number of at least two individual elements. Rolling bearing cage according to claim 3), characterized in that each of the individual elements at least one projection ( 5 ) and at least one depression ( 6 ) trains. Rolling bearing cage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sections ( 13 . 14 ) associated with one of the planes oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal extent of the rolling bearing, are formed by at least one component connected to at least one of the webs ( 4 ) or web elements ( 4a ) firmly, materially or detachably connected. Rolling bearing cage according to claim 5), characterized in that the at least one component which the sections ( 13 . 14 ) forms, is a substantially annular segment. Rolling bearing cage according to claim 6), characterized in that the sections ( 13 . 14 ) through end plates ( 7 ) are formed, which are substantially flat orthogonal to the longitudinal extent of the rolling bearing. Rolling bearing cage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the webs ( 4 ) or at least one of the web elements ( 4a ) Drilling ( 10 ), through which connecting rods ( 8th ) are guided. The connecting rods ( 8th ) protrude through at least a portion of the components comprising the sections ( 13 . 14 ) and hold these components by a suitable configuration in a fixed connection to the at least one web ( 4 ) or on the at least one web element ( 4a ). Rolling bearing cage according to claim 8), characterized in that the connecting rods at their ends threaded portions ( 8a ) exhibit. On these are nuts ( 9 ), which abut with one of their end faces on the components which the sections ( 13 . 14 ) train. Rolling bearing cage according to one of claims 1) to 7), characterized in that at least one of the webs ( 4 ) or at least one of the web elements ( 4a ) with at least one of the, to one of the two end faces of the rolling bearing facing sections ( 13 . 14 ) is materially connected. Rolling bearing cage according to claim 4), characterized in that each of the individual elements exactly one projection ( 5 ) and exactly one depression ( 6 ) trains. Rolling bearing cage after Claim 1), characterized in that the rolling bearing cage is integrally formed. Rolling bearing cage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two of the depressions ( 5 ) at least one of the bridges ( 4 ) or the web elements ( 4a ) are different in their width in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the rolling bearing and / or in their depth orthogonal to the longitudinal extension of the rolling bearing to each other. Rolling bearing cage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two of the projections ( 5 ) at least one of the webs ( 4 ) or the web elements ( 4a ) are different in their width in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the rolling bearing to each other.