DE1901352A1 - Electrically operated hot water central heating system - Google Patents

Description

DipWng. Jajbusch

Patent attorneys

29 Oldenburg

Etisabethstroß · d

Patent and utility model registration

Paul LEUENBERGER , Schwarztorstrasse 87, 3008 Barrn (Switzerland)

Electrically operated Ufarmtuasser central heating system

The present invention relates to an electrically operated U / armumsser central heating system, with a central Ufasseraufheizeinrichtung, which is connected to convectors via pipes. . .

The present invention is based on the object of providing a particularly economical heat storage device that can be operated with night power to accomplish.

In the case of the known electrical energy storage devices, the Storage mass' made of ceramic or cast iron. Körparn, iuelche be heated to temperatures of 500 - 700 ° by electrical heating elements. The heating takes place at night » So with cheap night electricity "and the discharge especially during the day a". ...

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Due to the large temperature differences of the storage mass, which are set from the beginning to the end of the discharge, it is extremely easy to explain your uniform and the required amount of excess heat. _{The control options} are limited · « ΑΛΑ -. * ■ -. '''

. . 909884/1085

BAD ORfGiNAi. ^

The invention is based on the object by creating of a new type of electrical heat accumulator, in particular to remedy the stated disadvantage of the known heat accumulator. It is based on an electrically operated hot water central heating system of the type mentioned above and draws is characterized by the fact that the system is designed as a storage hot water heater that can be operated with night-time electricity as a heat store a vertical storage water column housed in at least one storage tank serves, and that next to at least one containing a pressure pump, the convactors feeding heating water circuit, at least one water circuit is available for charging the storage mass column, which consists of the storage water column itself and 'at least one pipe containing a pressure pump, dia lower area of the storage water column. with its upper, the Heating element containing area connects, and that the pressure pump of the charging water circuit won at least one, the

Detect the water temperature in the area of the heating element Thermostat is controlled.

As a result of the use of water as a storage mass, the Temperature difference, which is from the beginning to the end of the Heat emission adjusts, relatively low, so that a exact dosing of the heat output according to the respective heat requirement is possible without difficulty of water as a storage mass, also large and large To be able to store heat capacities, it is possible to have a correspondingly large water column in the form of two or more Partial water columns in a corresponding number of rear

909884/1095

to accommodate interconnected storage boilers. It is advantageous to provide only one storage tank at the top with a heating element and to connect the lower area of the heated storage tank to the upper area of a downstream storage tank by means of a pipeline. On the other hand, there is also the possibility of using only one, but very tall, design instead of several storage tanks connected in series, which can be accommodated in the stairwell of a building, for example. *

The water in the storage water column can also serve as the heating medium flowing through the convectors, which is in the upper area of the Speicherjuasser column into the heating water circuit can be fed in and should flow back into the lower area of the storage water column.

The heating element is through a second, the water temperature

ι ■ - -

Controllable thermostat in the area of the heating element. By not completely filling the storage tank with water these can also act as an expansion " meet sion vessel, "which means the separate arrangement such a thing is superfluous.

According to a further invention convectors are used, which are made up of groups of side by side and / or one above the other, parallel running, thin-walled flat tubes are made by thin air baffles are united in blocks.

Such convectors are characterized in particular by a low Water content and a very large surface that transfers heat. Accordingly, as installation

90988A / 109 5

pipes with small cross-sections can be used. The inertia of the heating system is reduced to a minimum due to the low water content and the low weight of the radiator. Temporary overheating of a room, as occurs with sudden solar radiation or additional heat sources (people, lighting, electrical equipment, etc.) when using conventional convectors, is excluded. The heat loss that occurs when the window or door is temporarily open due to the penetration of cold air into the room is correspondingly low. The heating energy savings associated with all these advantages compared to heating systems with normal convectors is 20 - 40 %. This is of great importance because with rela-. tively more expensive energy is heated *

It is also possible to use the heating water circuit from the storage water column to be separated by a section of the heating water circuit runs through the storage water column as a heat exchanger. ? obpgc s t :. If the system has at least two each part of the total storage water column containing storage boiler, the heat exchanger in the first one, containing the heating resistor Storage boiler arranged

In a system with at least two each part of the total storage water column containing storage boilers is it still possible, at least four pipe sections between a first storage tank containing the heating element at the top

909884/1095

boiler and at least one downstream storage boiler to provide what u / elchen pipeline sections of the first in the upper area of the first boiler, the second in the lower area of the first boiler, the third in the upper area of the second boiler and the fourth opens into the lower area of the last boiler to interconnect several valves in such a way that for the Charging phase of the storage water column from the first pipe section containing a pressure pump to the fourth Pipeline section can be switched through and the second Pipeline section on the third and that the first pipeline section during the discharge phase of the storage water column can be switched through to the third RohrlaitungsatfschnTtfc is and the second on the fourth ..

The temperature in the area of the heating element can also be adjusted Sensing thermostat, for controlling the pressure pump in the water circuit of the storage water column during the charging phase as well as a second »the temperature in a lower level of the one provided with the heating element Spaieherkessel's thermostat for control of said pump during the discharge phase of the storage column are provided.

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Van advantage is still the expansion of air spaces anfcbaltenden Ge-rich to connect with each other through a pipeline to connect several zusarnmangeschaltete storage boilers in their upper, "and to this pipeline, a pressure relief valve"

In order to achieve the best possible storage cash register in a simple manner

90988A / 1095

To realize it, he recommends going to yourself, in one of the most desired ways Height of the expansion air cushion corresponding distance A drain valve on the upper wall of the storage vessel nrn Sp secure ^ Gol to be arranged.

Of course, in addition to the Erhit.iunQ yun Gobrnuchsuinssnr serve by the use of water Ducting in the form of a heat exchanger dia the heating zone of the -enton avenging Soeicherkessel passes through.

In the drawing are exemplary embodiments according to the invention dargoctallt. Show it :

Fig. 1 shows a system with two storage boilers connected in series, in which the water of the storage water column simultaneously serves as the heating medium flowing through the heating-Uiasserkreislauf,

Fig. 2 is a perspective of a convector, and

Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the heating system also two storage tanks connected in series »where the storage column and the Hsizmasser cycle are separated from each other.

According to FIG. 1, in Spelchers 1 and 2 there are the water compliance levels 3, which together represent the storage water column. 4 surroundings * iJsbsr the Uiasserfüliungee 3 are located draw the- dir- Fnnktian of an Eypsnaionsgsfai, sss fulfilling Lisftklssan -3, these are-over its line 21

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connected to one another, on which a pressure relief valve 22 is included. At the height of the maximum filling water level a valve 23 that can be operated manually is on the saliva boiler 1 Ulansrrablass 24 provided. In the upper area of the Wnnsc rsäul ■?, I.e. in the upper area of storage tank 1 the Hei.:nI(ament G arranged. Two thermostats 7, 8 feel Here the water temperature is roughly at the level of the heating room mentioned. A first connecting line 9 leads from the lower [area of the storage tank 2 to the upper area of the storage ([ boiler;; 1. In this line is the pressure pump 10 and over dipsrr d; switched on in check valve 25. A second Uerbindungsleitung 11 leads, from the upper area of the storage tank 2 to the lower area of the storage tank 1.

The heating Uiasserstromkreis is by means of line 12 to the connected to the upper area of the storage tank 1. The line

device 12 leads to a mixing valve 13, 13 a, which is of a RaumthertTiüstaten 20 is controlled. The outer course of the Heiz-Ulasserkreislaufs is the following: line 14, pressure pump | 15, line 16, convector 17 and line 18, which are in the lower area of the storage tank 2 opens. Between the line 18 and the mixing valve 13, 13a is located another connection 19. Both storage tanks uieisen each have a drain valve 26, 27 α.Γ, in the upper area of the storage tank 1 there is still a heat exchanger 28 for heating use sumsser, which is used as cold water the line 29 is supplied and fed as hot water by means of the line 30 to the draw-off points.

909884/1095

The system works as follows ϊ

First of all, with the valve 23 open, water is poured into the ',.?. 1st conditioning filled until it begins to flow out through the line 24 and the cje ~ "■ -öffnete valve 23. Then, the valve 23 is closed, thereby ensuring that sufficiently large air cushions remain as expansion spaces. ^{■! '1'}

The heating element 6 is now switched on. The water warms' ■ in the corresponding area to, for example, 125 C * "'- · This high temperature is due to the pressure relief valve provided 22 reachable. The thermostat 8 now switches the, .. pressure pump 10 a, whereupon this cold water from the lower-. : *

The area of the storage tank 2 is fed through the line 9 and mixed with the hot water. Once the fflischtempera- .- .. "* ■ ,, door has dropped to, for example, 120 ° C · switches · the · Thermo - '■' ■ - ■ [· stat 8, the pressure pump 10 again 'This operation. again « . ■" ■ /

■ ■ - - -X '

fetches check until the storage vessel 1 and DER Speich-ER "Vi boiler 2, the latter via the connecting line _11; .with ^/;; v warm water are filled Thereafter, the temperature rises in the - ;, ^'i.. the upper area of the storage tank 1 slightly further * [£ ■,. ■ , whereupon the thermostat 7 switches off the heating element. ' - * -:. '*;

From the top of Speicharkessels 1-enters the warm ■ * ,. · "- * '*''ψ, water through line 12 to the mixing valve 13, I3a *'. Which ^ 'ξΐ from the room thermostat 20 is controlled and / ird The. warm water . \ ~ ' is the one from the line 14, .the pressure pump 15, "the; Line " _v 16, the convector 17, the line 18 and the line 19 ^C - '" are added to the existing heating circuit and are diB ^: Warm over. the convector 17 to the room. The water of the, Weirkreis- .. , ._ ■ - .: "[

909884/1095. , \ ^ J!

Laufö is accelerated by the pressure pump 15. Same Amount of water, which as hot water via the mixing valve 13,

13a is added to the heating circuit, is via the rear Area r'.er line IB as cold water to the tail below of the Sptjicherkessel 2 supplied again, while the in Storage boiler 2 located hot water via the connection line 11 is fed to the storage tank 1 below until it has been completely discharged.

Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a perspective f of the convector 17 according to FIG. 1. With 17a the rows arranged next to and one above the other are parallel to one another Called flat tubes. They are connected to one another on both sides by chambers and are thus connected in parallel. The width of a tube la is, for example, 2 mm and the height 12 mm. The tubes can be a Have a wall thickness of about 0.25 mm. Combined into a block, the small tubes are penetrated by air baffles 17b, the thickness of which is about 0.1 mm. - ""

A practical comparison between a Warmiuasser-heating system with normal I convectors and a ^{UJarmumssar-heating>:} system with convectors in Fig 2 the following result .:

When solidifying, a connection rate of 28.6 fcui was required. _: The amount of water required was 4360 1 and the radiators. · ?. area 46.5 m ² . .- "- ■;. · -.

ööi of the system, which with convectors from FIg. 2 Hervortjuhemkm Bauart was equipped, the * connection * * was only 23.0 kui _> tiio lüafjsarmcnga 3640 1 and the required heating ^

903884/1095 * * f

BAD ÜRtGitf

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kfirp C! rf pool 23.2 m ~. The heating energy savings were thus

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The line according to Fig. 3 mostly again about two storage kettles 311 32, in which the water fillings 33 that form the storage chamber are located. Which is above the water fillings Air cushions located in 33 are denoted by 34. The two storage cells 31, 32 are in the area of the air cushions 34 connected to one another by means of the line 35 to which the Ueberdruckuent.il 36 is connected »The electrical The heating insert 37 is located in the upper area of the storage tank 31. In the zone of the heating insert, the Water temperature won two thermostats 38, 39 "detected, while another thermostat 40 controls the water temperature in the The lower area of the storage tank 31 measures “The two Storage boilers 31, 32 are through the four pipe sections 41 to 44 connected to each other. The pipe section 41 containing the pressure pump 46 opens into the upper one Area of the storage tank 31, the Rahrleitungsabschnifct 43 in the lower area of the storage tank 31, the pipe section 43 in the upper area of the storage tank 32, the Rahrieitungsabsehnitt 44 in the lower Area of the storage tank 32. All of the pipeline sections are held together below the pressure pump 46 via the two rfiehrumgv / entila 45, 45 ".

The HeiH-ÜJassar circuit is separated from the storage water column and runs through the Wa as ei · Γ üi ment 33 the Speirhar = · ksasels 31 in "form" a heating coil 47 «Won dissar Hsiz»

909884/1095

snake leads cine line 48, to which an expansion ^{vessel '4 1} J and F; in excess pressure valve 50 are connected, to the fili sch valve 51, 51a, which is protected by a room thermostat 52. Van dom (iiischven til 51 from the Heiz-Ulassorkriäislauf takes the following course - line 53, pressure pump 54, convector 55 and return line 56. Between the return line bG and the high-frequency rope valve 51 is the connection line 57.

Normally, service water is still used through the storage tank column Heated in ninsm heat exchanger 58. To this one the ^ Cold water is supplied through line 59, while the hot water through (Ji;! line 60 * is fed to the tapping points. Between the lines 59 and 60 is the one iiliuch ~ valve having connection 61. The lylischventil is controlled by a thermostat 62.

The system works as follows

During the charging phase heat the heating the water in the upper part dos storage vessel 1 at about 125 C. When this i temperature is reached, the thermostat 38, a charge pump 46, after which this cold water from the lower portion of the Speicherkesssls 2 by the line 44 , high pumps 41 (see the on tsprcchenden solid arrows). It mixes with the hot water. When ui ■: temperature has dropped to approx. 120 C as a result, the thermostat ZQ switches off the charge pump 46 again. The water in the upper part of the boiler is again heated to 125 C. This process repeats itself continuously, with -sich first the "water filling of the storage tank 1 auflät from top to bottom. If the ge.

909884/1095

The entire filling of the storage tank 1 is charged, and is in same rate of. Sp'eicherkessel 2 via the, according to the * solid arrows, lines 42, 43 connected one behind the other are charged. After this is done, just get there still hot UJassor in the upper part of the storage tank 1 and the water continues to heat up to approx. 130 C, it now switches the thermostat 39 turns the heating element off, since the entire water column is fully charged.

During the discharge phase, the heat is removed from the water filling 33 of the storage tube 31 by the heat exchanger 47 from bottom to top. The multiple valves 45, 45 ″ (or deflection flaps in their place) now switch the line 41 to the line 43 and the line 43 to the line 44 (see the arrows drawn in dashed lines) Storage tank 1 has dropped to about 50 ° C., the thermostat 40 switches on the pressure pump 46. This conveys poor water from the upper area of the storage tank 2 through the lines 43, 41 into the upper part of the storage tank 1. The cooled water in the lower area of the storage tank 1 flows through the lines 42, 44 into the lower area of the storage tank 2. When the water in the lower area of the storage tank 1 has risen to approx. 60 ° C due to the hot water pushing in from above, the thermostat 40 switches the pressure pump 46 This process is repeated as long as heat is transferred to the heating water circuit or the entire storage column is discharged.

909884/1095

BADORfQiNAL

The expansion of the storage tank takes place in the upper areas 34 the storage boiler. It is not an additional dear expansion vessel required for the storage column. The height the storage water temperature can be determined by the Uiahl of the over * druckuantiXs according to the local regulations and the The storage tank construction is determined to be luerden.

In addition to the storage tank containing the heating insert, any number of additional storage tanks can be used. ä ujsrden. It is also possible, instead of several storage boilers connected one behind the other, to use only one, but very tall, type that can be accommodated in the stairwell of a building, for example. "

909 884 / $ 109

Claims (1)

Claims 1. Electrically operated UJarnnDasser central heating system with a central UJasser heating device, which is connected to convectors via pipes, characterized by the fact that in order to develop the system as a storage unit that can be operated with night-time electricity, one in at least one storage boiler (J, 2 or 31 , 32) housed, vertical Sp ei rather- »water column (3 bziu.33), and that in addition to at least one a pressure pump (IS bzjn. 54) containing the · Konrectors (17 bzui« 55) feed, -heating water circuit , At least one water circuit for charging the storage column (3 or 33) is present, also from the storage mass column (3 or 33) itself and at least one pipe (9 or 46) containing a pressure pump (lü 'or, 46). 41, 44), which verblndati the lower area of the "Speicheruiassersäule (3 bziu. 33) with its upper area containing the heating element (6 bzuj. 37) and that the pressure pump (I Q bzuj. 46) of the charging / water circuit is controlled by at least one thermostat (8 or 38) that detects the water temperature in the area of the heating element (δ or 37), 2. Plant according to claim 1 with In several storage tanks Accomodated Speicheruiassersäule, characterized in that only one storage tank (l bztu. 3-1) is provided with a heating element (6 bziu. 3?) and. that based on the heated Spelcherkegsai (1 or «31) 9O9884 / 10iS BAD tiUr lower area of each storage tank with the upper area of the subsequent storage tank by means of a pipe (9 or 41, 44) is connected. 3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the U / water of the storage water column (5 or 33) is fed from the upper area of the same into the heating / mass circuit and into the lower area of the storage water column (3 or 33) flows back. G 4. Plant according to claim 1, characterized by a second, on the water temperature in the area of the heating element (6 to 37) responsive thermostat for .Control of the Heating element (6 or 37). 5. System according to claim, characterized in that the storage tank (1, 2 or 31, 32) as a result of ' above the Ulasser fillings (3 or 33) located air spaces (5 bzui 34) also functions as an expansion vessel fulfill. I. G. System according to claim 1, characterized in that convectors (17) are used, which consist of groups of parallel, thin-walled flat tubes (I7a) which are arranged next to and / or one above the other and which are combined into blocks by thin air baffles (17b). 7. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the Heating U / ater circuit separated from the storage water column (33) and a heat exchanger (47) located in the storage water column (33) '' '(Fig. 3). 909884/109 5 B. Plant according to claim 7, characterized in that the Air flow exchanger (47) in the upper area of the storage air column (33) is housed. 9. Plant according to claim 8, with at least two each one part the storage capsules containing water column as a whole., characterized in that the U / ärmeaustauschBr (47) in the first SpsicherknsGßl containing the heating element (37) (31). is housed. 10. Plant according to claim 1, with at least two each einan part the storage tanks containing the total storage water column, characterized in that at least four pipeline sections (41, 42, 43, 44) (see Fig. 3), between a first Spgicherkssr.el (3l) containing the heating element (37) and at least one downstream Storage boiler (32) are available, from which pipeline sections the first (41) in the upper area, des first boiler (3l), the second (42) in the lower area of the first boiler C3l), the third (43) in the upper area of the second boiler and the fourth (44) opens into the lower area of the last boiler (32), are switched via the directional valves (45, 45a), that for the heating phase of the storage water column 'the first pipe section (41) containing a pressure pump (46) onto the fourth pipe section (44) can be switched through and the second pipe section (42) to the third (43) and that the first pipe section during the discharge phase of the storage water column "(41) on the third pipe section (43) 90988 4/1095 ,, CAa BATH can be switched through and the to / side (42) to the fourth (44). 11. System according to claim 10, characterized by a temperature in the Bersich of the heating element (37) (Fig. 3) detecting thermostat (3fl) for controlling the pressure pump (46) in the water circuit of the Speicheriuassersäule (33) during the heating phase somie by a second thermostat (40), which detects the temperature in a lower level of the storage tank (31) seen with the heating element (37), for controlling said pump (46) during the discharge phase of the storage tank column. "* '" 12. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that several interconnected storage boilers (1, 2 or 31, 32) in their upper, the expansion air spaces (5 bzu /. 31) containing areas through a pipeline i21 öztu. , 35)) are connected to each other and that a pressure relief valve (22 or 36) is connected to this pipeline is. 13. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that in one of the desired height of the expansion air cushion (5) (Fig. L) corresponding distance υοη the upper storage tank opening a drain valve (23) is arranged on the storage tank (l). 4. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the Speicberiuassersäule (3 bzui. 33) in addition to heating of working water, and that the working water 90988A / 1095 BATH ORIGINAL through a heat exchanger (28 or 58) dia water column passes through. 15. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that Del is used as the storage liquid. 909884/1095