DE19910704A1 - Oil baths - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to novel cosmetic preparations for the utilisation in hair care and skin care. Said preparations are free of alkanolamides and consist of: (a) 30 to 70 wt. % of a mixture of, (a1) fatty acid (polyglycol) esters, (a2) fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, (a3) polyoles, (a4) alkyl oligo glycosides and/or alkylene oligo glycosides and (b) 70 to 30 wt. % oil bodies with the proviso that the quantities indicated amount to 100 wt. %.

Description

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to clear, alkanolamide and water-free cosmetic preparations for users in skin and hair care with a defined content of a mixture of fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkyl and / or alkylene oligoglycosides and / or polyols and oil bodies.

State of the art

For the production of cosmetic preparations, surfactants and oils can be used depending on the desired Application can be mixed in any ratio. These formulations contained until forth alkanolamides, which belong to the "nitrosamine-forming substances". Nitrosamines can be found in everyone small amount, not due to their presence in cosmetics, but if they get into the body, act damaging. For this reason, cosmetic preparations that do not contain alkanolamides hold desirable. The removal of alkanolamides from the surfactant mixtures, however, leads formulations when mixed with oil components.

The object of the present invention was therefore to mix alkanol amide-free surfactant mixtures with defined amounts of oil bodies clear, water-free cosmetic additives to provide preparations that show no cloudiness even when stored.

Description of the invention

The invention relates to cosmetic preparations free from alkanolamides, consisting of

• a) 30 to 70% by weight of a mixture of (a1) fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, (a2) fatty alcohol po lyglycol ethers, (a3) alkyl and / or alkylene oligoglycosides and / or (a4) polyols and  
• b) 70 to 30 wt .-% oil bodies
  with the proviso that the quantities add up to 100% by weight.

Another object of the invention is the use of these mixtures for the production of clear, alkanolamine-free cosmetic preparations.

Surprisingly, it was found that cloudy, alkanolamide-free surfactant mixtures consisting of fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkyl and / or Alkylene oligoglycosides and / or polyols by adding a defined amount of oil body clear, Have anhydrous cosmetic preparations made. These are also characterized by good ones Regreasing, good foam properties and storage stability.

Fatty alcohol polyplycol ether sulfates

Alkyl ether sulfates ("ether sulfates"), which form component (a1), are known anionic surfactants which are prepared on an industrial scale by SO ₃ or chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) sulfation of fatty alcohol or oxo alcohol polyglycol ethers and subsequent neutralization. For the purposes of the invention, ether sulfates are suitable which follow the formula (I)

R ¹ O- (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n SO ₃ X (I)

in which R ^{1 is} a linear or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, n is a number from 1 to 5 and X is ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucam monium. Typical examples are the sulfates of adducts of an average of 1 to 5 and in particular 2 to 3 moles of ethylene oxide with capron alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostalkyl alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaalyl alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaalyl alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, ela alcohol alcohol, ela alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, ela alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, iso alcohol alcohol, iso alcohol alcohol, isoalcohol alcohol, elaal alcohol alcohol, iso alcohol alcohol, iso alcohol alcoholo, alcohol alcoholo, alcohol alcoholo, alcohol alcoholo, alcohol alcoholo, alcohol alcoholo, alcohol alcoholo, alcohol alcoholo, alcohol, alcohol , Arachyl alcohol, Gado leyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures in the form of their alkyl, preferably monoisopropanol ammonium salts. The ether sulfates can have both a conventional and a narrow homolog distribution. Particularly preferred is the use of ether sulfates based on adducts of an average of 2 to 3 moles of ethylene oxide with technical C _12/18 , preferably C _12/14 fatty alcohol fractions in the form of their alkyl, preferably monoisopropanol ammonium salts.

Fatty alcohol polyglycol ether

Fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers which form component (a2) are to be understood as primary aliphatic polyglycol ethers of the formula (II)

R ² O (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _m H (II)

in which R ^{2 is} a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 10 to 18 carbon atoms and m is an average of 2 to 6 numbers. Typical examples are addition products of an average of 2 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide with lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, linolyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol and elaeostearyl alcohol, and technical grade mixtures thereof. B. in the high pressure hydrogenation of technical methyl esters based on fats and oils or aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis and as a monomer fraction in the dimerization of unsaturated fatty alcohols. Preferred are ethoxylates of technical fatty alcohols with 12 to 14 carbon atoms, such as coconut or palm kernel fatty alcohol.

Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides

Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides which form component (a3) are known nonionic surfactants which follow the formula (III),

R ³ O- [G] _p (III)

in which R ^{3 is} an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar radical having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10. They can be obtained according to the relevant preparative organic chemistry processes. Representative of the extensive literature here is the review by Biermann et al. in Starch /force 45, 281 (1993), B. Salka in Cosm. Toil. 108, 89 (1993) and J. Kahre et al. in SÖFW-Journal Issue 8, 598 (1995).

The alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides can be derived from aldoses or ketoses with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose. The preferred alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides are thus alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglucosides. The index number p in the general formula (III) indicates the degree of oligomerization (DP), ie the distribution of mono- and oligoglycosides, and stands for a number between 1 and 10. While p in a given compound must always be an integer, especially here can assume the values p = 1 to 6, the value p for a certain alkyl oligoglycoside is an analytically determined arithmetic quantity, which usually represents a fractional number. Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides with an average degree of oligomerization p of 1.1 to 3.0 are preferably used. From an application point of view, alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides are preferred whose degree of oligomerization is less than 1.7 and in particular between 1.2 and 1.4. The alkyl or alkenyl radical R ³ can be derived from primary alcohols having 4 to 11, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms. Typical examples are butanol, capro alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, such as those obtained from Roelen's oxosynthesis in the hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl esters or in the course of the hydrogenation of aldehyde. Alkyl oligoglucosides of the chain length C ₈ -C ₁₀ (DP = 1 to 3) are preferred, which are obtained as a preliminary step in the separation of technical C ₈ -C ₁₀ coconut fatty alcohol by distillation and with a proportion of less than 6% by weight of C ₁₂ -Alcohol can be contaminated and alkyl oligoglucosides based on technical C _9/11 oxo alcohols (DP = 1 to 3). The alkyl or alkenyl radical R ³ can also be derived from primary alcohols having 12 to 22, preferably 12 to 14, carbon atoms. Typical examples are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol and the technical mixtures described above, which can be obtained as described above. Alkyl oligoglucosides based on hardened C _12/14 coconut alcohol with a DP of 1 to 3 are preferred.

Polyols

Polyols which form component (a4) preferably have 2 to 15 carbon atoms and at least two hydroxyl groups. The polyols can also contain further functional groups, in particular amino groups, or be modified with nitrogen. Typical examples are

• - glycerin;
• Alkylene glycols, such as, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, Hexylene glycol and polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 100 to 1,000 daltons;
• - Technical oligoglycerol mixtures with a degree of self-condensation of 1.5 to 10 such as technical diglycerol mixtures with a diglycerol content of 40 to 50% by weight;
• Methyl compounds, such as in particular trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, Pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol;
• - Lower alkyl glucosides, especially those with 1 to 8 carbons in the alkyl radical, such as wise methyl and butyl glucoside;
• Sugar alcohols with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, such as sorbitol or mannitol,
• - Sugar with 5 to 12 carbon atoms such as glucose or sucrose;  
• - aminosugars such as glucamine;
• - Dialcohol amines, such as diethanolamine or 2-amino-1,3-propanediol.

Glycerin, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, polyethylene glycols and in particular are preferred Propylene glycol with an average molecular weight in the range of 100 to 1,000 daltons used.

The agents according to the invention can contain components (a) in amounts of 30 to 70, preferably 40 contain up to 60 and in particular 50 wt .-%. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the agents contain a mixture of (a1) fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, preferably 45% by weight, (a2) fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, preferably 45% by weight and (a4) polyols, preferably in particular 10% by weight.

Oil body

Guerbet alcohols based on fatty alcohols having 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms, esters of linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty acids with linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols, esters, for example, come as oil bodies which form component (b) of branched C ₆ -C ₁₃ carboxylic acids with linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols, esters of linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty acids with branched alcohols, in particular 2-ethylhexanol, esters of hydroxycarboxylic acids with linear or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ -Fatty alcohols, especially dioctyl malates, esters of linear and / or branched fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols (such as propylene glycol, dimer diol or trimer triol) and / or Guerbet alcohols, triglycerides based on C ₆ -C ₁₀ fatty acids, liquid mono- / Di- / triglyceride mixtures based on C ₆ -C ₁₈ fatty acids, esters of C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols and / or Guerbet alcohols with aromatic carboxylic acids, especially benzoic acid, esters of C ₂ -C ₁₂ dicarboxylic acids with linear or branched alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms or polyols with 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, vegetable oils, branched primary alcohols, substituted cyclohexanes, linear and branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohol carbonates, Guerbet carbonates, esters of benzoic acid with linear and / or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ alcohols (e.g. B. Finsolv® TN), linear or branched, symmetrical or asymmetrical dial kylether with 6 to 22 carbon atoms per alkyl group, ring opening products of epoxidized fatty acid esters with polyols, silicone oils and / or aliphatic or naphthenic hydrocarbons. The agents according to the invention can contain the oil bodies, preferably castor oil, in amounts of 70 to 30, preferably 60 to 40 and in particular 50% by weight.

Industrial applicability

The cosmetic preparations according to the invention can be used to produce clear, alkanolamine free hair and skin care products are used. The agents, such as hair shampoos, Hair lotions, foam baths, shower baths, creams, gels, lotions, alcoholic and aq rig / alcoholic solutions or emulsions, can also be mild as additional auxiliaries and additives Surfactants, emulsifiers, superfatting agents, pearlescent waxes, consistency agents, thickeners, Polymers, silicone compounds, fats, waxes, stabilizers, biogenic agents, deodorants, An table scale agents, film formers, swelling agents, UV light protection factors, antioxidants, preservatives, Insect repellents, self tanners, solubilizers, perfume oils, dyes, germicides and the like included.

Typical examples of suitable mild, i.e. H. surfactants that are particularly compatible with the skin are monoglyceride sulfates, mono- and / or dialkyl sulfosuccinates, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid retaurides, fatty acid glutamates, ether carboxylic acids, α-olefin sulfonates, fatty acid glucamides, alkylamido betaine and / or protein fatty acid condensates, the latter preferably based on wheat proteins.

Examples of suitable emulsifiers are nonionic surfactants from at least one of the following groups:

• 1. Addition products of 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and / or 0 to 5 moles of propylene oxide with fat acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and on alkylphenols with 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group;
• 2. C _12/18 fatty acid _monoesters and diesters of adducts of 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide with glycerol;
• 3. Glycerol mono- and diesters and sorbitan mono- and diesters of saturated and unsaturated Fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms and their ethylene oxide addition products;
• 4. Addition products of 15 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hardened castor oil; (5) polyol and especially polyglycerol esters, such as. B. polyglycerol polyricinoleate, polyglycerol poly 12-hydroxystearate or polyglycerol dimerostearate. Mixtures of Compounds from several of these classes of substances;
• 5. Addition products of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hardened castor oil; (7) Partial esters based on linear, branched, unsaturated or saturated C _6/22 fatty acids, ricinoleic acid as well as 12-hydroxystearic acid and glycerin, polyglycerin, pentaerythritol, Dipentae rythritol, sugar alcohols (e.g. sorbitol), alkyl glucosides (e.g. Methyl glucoside, butyl glucoside, lauryl glu coside) and polyglucosides (e.g. cellulose);
• 6. mono-, di- and trialkyl phosphates and mono-, di- and / or tri-PEG-alkyl phosphates and their Salts;
• 7. wool wax alcohols;  
• 8. polysiloxane-polyalkyl-polyether copolymers or corresponding derivatives;
• 9. Mixed esters of pentaerythritol, fatty acids, citric acid and fatty alcohol according to DE 11 65 574 PS and / or mixed esters of fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, methylglucose and polyo len, preferably glycerin or polyglycerin,
• 10. Polyalkylene glycols as well
• 11. Glycerol carbonate.

The adducts of ethylene oxide and / or of propylene oxide with fatty acids, alkylphenols, glycerol mono- and diesters as well as sorbitan mono- and diesters with fatty acids or with castor oil are known, commercially available products. These are homolog mixtures whose average degree of alkoxylation is equivalent to that Ratio of the amounts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and substrate with which the addition reaction is carried out corresponds. C _12/18 fatty acid _monoesters and diesters of adducts of ethylene oxide with glycerol are known from DE 20 24 051 PS as refatting agents for cosmetic preparations.

Zwitterionic surfactants can also be used as emulsifiers. Zwitterionic ten-side means those surface-active compounds which carry at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one carboxylate and one sulfonate group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are the so-called betaines such as the N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylam monium glycinate, for example the cocoalkyldimethylammonium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example the cocoacylaminopropyldimethylammonium glycinate, and 2-alkyl-3-carboxyl -hydroxyethylimidazolines each having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and the cocoacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethylglycinate. The fatty acid amide derivative known under the CTFA name of Cocamidopropyl Betaine is particularly preferred. Suitable emulsifiers are also ampholytic surfactants. Ampholytic surfactants are surface-active compounds which, in addition to a C _8/18 alkyl or acyl group, contain at least one free amino group and at least one -COOH or -SO ₃ H group in the molecule and are capable of forming internal salts are. Examples of suitable ampholytic surfactants are N-alkylglycine, N-alkylpropionic acid, N-alkylaminobutyric acid, N-alkyliminodipropionic acid, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycine, N-alkyltaurine, N-alkyl sarcosine, 2-alkylaminopropionic acid and alkylaminoacetic acid each with about 8 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl group. Particularly preferred ampholytic surfactants are N-coconut alkylaminopropionate, coconut acylaminoethylaminopropionate and C _12/18 acyl sarcosine. In addition to the ampholytic emulsifiers, quaternary emulsifiers are also suitable, those of the esterquat type, preferably methylquaternized difatty acid triethanolamine ester salts, being particularly preferred.

Substances such as lanolin and lecithin and polyethoxy can be used as superfatting agents gelled or acylated lanolin and lecithin derivatives, polyol fatty acid esters, monoglycerides and fatty acids realkanolamides are used, the latter also serving as foam stabilizers.

Pearlescent waxes, for example, are: alkylene glycol esters, especially ethylene glycol di stearate; Fatty acid alkanolamides, especially coconut fatty acid diethanolamide; Partial glycerides, especially stea rinic acid monoglyceride; Esters of polyvalent, optionally hydroxy-substituted carboxylic acids Fatty alcohols with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, especially long-chain esters of tartaric acid; Fatty substances like for example fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, fatty aldehydes, fatty ethers and fatty carbonates, which in total min have at least 24 carbon atoms, especially lauron and distearyl ether; Fatty acids such as stearin acid, hydroxystearic acid or behenic acid, ring opening products of olefin epoxides with 12 to 22 Carbon atoms with fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or polyols with 2 to 15 Carbon atoms and 2 to 10 hydroxyl groups and mixtures thereof.

The main consistency agents are fatty alcohols or hydroxy fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 and preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms and in addition partial glycerides, fatty acids or hydroxy fat acids into consideration. A combination of these substances with alkyl oligoglucosides and / or is preferred Fatty acid N-methylglucamides of the same chain length and / or polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxystearates. Suitable thickeners are, for example, Aerolsil types (hydrophilic silicas), Polysac charide, especially xanthan gum, guar guar, agar agar, alginates and tyloses, carboxyme thylcellulose and hydroxyethylcellulose, also higher molecular weight polyethylene glycol mono- and diesters of fatty acids, polyacrylates, (e.g. Carbopole® from Goodrich or Synthalene® from Sigma), Po lyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, surfactants such as ethoxylated fatty acid reglycerides, esters of fatty acids with polyols such as pentaerythritol or trimethylolpropane, Fatty alcohol ethoxylates with a narrow homolog distribution or alkyl oligoglucosides as well as electrolytes like table salt and ammonium chloride.

Suitable cationic polymers are, for example, cationic cellulose derivatives, such as. Legs quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose obtained from Amerchol under the name Polymer JR 400® Lich, cationic starch, copolymers of diallylammonium salts and acrylamides, quaternized Vinyl pyrrolidone / vinyl imidazole polymers, such as. B. Luviquat® (BASF), condensation products from Poly glycols and amines, quaternized collagen polypeptides such as lauryldimonium hydroxy propyl hydrolyzed collagen (Lamequat®L / Grünau), quaternized wheat polypeptides, polyethyleneimine, cationic silicone polymers, such as. B. amidomethicones, copolymers of adipic acid and dimethyl aminohydroxypropyldiethylenetriamine (Cartaretine® / Sandoz), copolymers of acrylic acid with dimethyl diallylammonium chloride (Merquat® 550 / Chemviron), polyaminopolyamides, e.g. B. described in the FR 2 252 840 A and their crosslinked water-soluble polymers, cationic chitin derivatives as in for example, quaternized chitosan, optionally microcrystalline, condensation products  Dihaloalkylene, such as. B. dibromobutane with bisdialkylamines, such as. B. bis-dimethylamino-1,3-propane, cationic guar gum, such as B. Jaguar® CBS, Jaguar® C-17, Jaguar® C-16 from Celanese, quaternized ammonium salt polymers, such as. B. Mirapol® A-15, Mirapol® AD-1, Mirapol® A2-1 der Miranol company.

Examples of anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric and nonionic polymers are Vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymers, vinyl pyrrolidone / vinyl acrylate copolymers, vinyl acetate / butyl maleate / iso bornyl acrylate copolymers, methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymers and their esters, un cross-linked and polyols cross-linked polyacrylic acids, Acrylamidopropyltrimethylammoniumchlorid / Acry lat copolymers, octylacrylamide / methyl methacrylate / tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate / 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone / di methylaminoethyl methacrylate / vinylcaprolactam terpolymers and optionally derivatized Cellulose ethers and silicones in question.

Suitable silicone compounds are, for example, dimethylpolysiloxanes, methylphenylpolysiloxanes, cyclic silicones as well as amino, fatty acid, alcohol, polyether, epoxy, fluorine, glycoside and / or al alkyl modified silicone compounds that are both liquid and resinous at room temperature can lie. Todd also provides a detailed overview of suitable volatile silicones et al. in cosm. Toil. 91, 27 (1976).

Typical examples of fats are glycerides. a. Beeswax, carnauba wax, Candelilla wax, montan wax, paraffin wax, hydrogenated castor oils, fat that is solid at room temperature acid esters or microwaxes, optionally in combination with hydrophilic waxes, e.g. B. Cetyl stearyl alcohol or partial glycerides in question. Metal salts of fatty acids, such as B. magnesium, aluminum and / or zinc stearate or ricinoleate can be used.

Examples of biogenic active ingredients are tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol palmitate, Ascorbic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, retinol, bisabolol, allantoin, phytantriol, panthenol, AHA acid ren, amino acids, ceramides, pseudoceramides, essential oils, plant extracts and vitamin complexes to understand.

As deodorants come e.g. B. antiperspirants such as aluminum chlorohydates in question. These are colorless, hygroscopic crystals that easily melt in the air and occur when vaping aqueous aluminum chloride solutions. Aluminum chlorohydrate is used to manufacture antiperspirant and deodorant preparations and is likely to act by partially occluding the sweat glands through protein and / or polysaccharide precipitation [cf. J. Soc. Cosm. Chem. 24, 281 (1973)]. For example, there is an aluminum chlorohydrate commercially available under the Locron® brand from Hoechst AG, Frankfurt / FRG, which corresponds to the formula [Al ₂ (OH) ₅ Cl] .2.5 H ₂ O and whose use is particularly preferred [cf. . J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 26, 531 (1975)]. In addition to the chlorohydrates, aluminum hydroxyl actates and acidic aluminum / zirconium salts can also be used. Esterase inhibitors can be added as further deodorant active ingredients. These are preferably trialkyl citrates such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl citrate, triisopropyl citrate, tributyl citrate and in particular triethyl citrate (Hydagen® CAT, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf / FRG). The substances inhibit enzyme activity and thereby reduce odor. The cleavage of the citric acid ester probably releases the free acid, which lowers the pH value on the skin to such an extent that the enzymes are inhibited. Other substances which can be considered as esterase inhibitors are sterol sulfates or phosphates, such as, for example, lanosterol, cholesterol, campesteric, stigmasterol and sitosterol sulfate or phosphate, dicarboxylic acids and their esters, such as, for example, glutaric acid, glutaric acid monoethyl ester, glutaric acid diethyl ester, adipic acid, Adipic acid monoethyl ester, adipic acid diethyl ester, malonic acid and malonic acid diethyl ester, hydroxycarboxylic acids and their esters such as citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid or tartaric acid diethyl ester. Antibacterial agents that influence the bacterial flora and kill sweat-decomposing bacteria or inhibit their growth can also be contained in the stick preparations. Examples include chitosan, phenoxyethanol and chlorhexidine gluconate. 5-Chloro-2- (2,4-dichlorophen-oxy) phenol, which is sold under the Irgasan® brand by Ciba-Geigy, Basel / CH, has also proven to be particularly effective.

Climbazole, octopirox and zinc pyrethione can be used as antidandruff agents. Ge Common film formers are, for example, chitosan, microcrystalline chitosan, quaternized chito san, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymers, polymers of the acrylic acid series, quaternary cellulose derivatives, collagen, hyaluronic acid or its salts and similar compounds. Montmorillonite, clay minerals, pemulene and alkyl can be used as swelling agents for aqueous phases modified carbopol types (Goodrich) are used. Other suitable polymers or swelling agents can the overview by R. Lochhead in Cosm. Toil. 108, 95 (1993).

Under UV light protection factors are to be understood, for example, liquid or crystalline organic substances (light protection filters) at room temperature, which are able to absorb ultraviolet rays and absorb the energy in the form of longer-wave radiation, e.g. B. to give off heat like that. UVB filters can be oil-soluble or water-soluble. As oil-soluble substances such. B. To name:

• - 3-benzylidene camphor or 3-benzylidene norcampher and its derivatives, e.g. B. 3- (4-Methylbenzy liden) camphor as described in EP 0693471 B1;
• - 4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, preferably 4- (dimethylamino) benzoic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, 4- 2-octyl (dimethylamino) benzoate and amyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate;  
• - Esters of cinnamic acid, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate, 4-methoxycinnamate pro pylester, 4-methoxycinnamic acid isamyl ester 2-cyano-3,3-phenylcinnamic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (Octo crylene);
• - Esters of salicylic acid, preferably salicylic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, salicylic acid 4-isopropylbene methyl ester, salicylic acid homomethyl ester;
• - Derivatives of benzophenone, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-me thoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone;
• - Esters of benzalmalonic acid, preferably di-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxybenzmalonate;
• - Triazine derivatives, such as. B. 2,4,6-Trianilino- (p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1'-hexyloxy) -1,3,5-triazine and octyl tria zon as described in EP 0 818 450 A1;
• Propane-1,3-diones, such as e.g. B. 1- (4-tert-Butylphenyl) -3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione;
• - Ketotricyclo (5.2.1.0) decane derivatives, as described in EP 0 694 521 B1.

Possible water-soluble substances are:

• - 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and its alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium, alkylammonium, Alkanolammonium and glucammonium salts;
• - Sulfonic acid derivatives of benzophenones, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5- sulfonic acid and its salts;
• - Sulfonic acid derivatives of 3-benzylidene camphor, such as. B. 4- (2-Oxo-3-bornylidenemethyl) benzene sulfonic acid and 2-methyl-5- (2-oxo-3-bornylidene) sulfonic acid and its salts.

Derivatives of benzoylmethane, such as, for example, are particularly suitable as typical UV-A filters wise 1- (4'-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione, 4-tert-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoyl methane (Parsol 1789), or 1-phenyl-3- (4'-isopropylphenyl) propane-1,3-dione. The UV-A and UV-B filters can of course also be used in mixtures. In addition to the soluble For this purpose, substances also come with insoluble light protection pigments, namely finely dispersed metal loxides or salts in question. Examples of suitable metal oxides are, in particular, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide and in addition oxides of iron, zirconium, silicon, manganese, aluminum and cerium as well their mixtures. Silicates (talc), barium sulfate or zinc stearate can be used as salts. The oxides and salts are in the form of the pigments for skin-care and skin-protecting emulsions and used decorative cosmetics. The particles should have an average diameter of few less than 100 nm, preferably between 5 and 50 nm and in particular between 15 and 30 nm point. They can have a spherical shape, but such particles can also be used come that have an ellipsoidal or otherwise deviating from the spherical shape To have shape. So-called micro- or nanopigments are preferred in sunscreens set. Micronized zinc oxide is preferably used.  

Other suitable UV light protection filters can be found in P. Finkel's overview in SÖFW-Journal 122, 543 (1996).

In addition to the two aforementioned groups of primary light stabilizers, secondary light stabilizers of the antioxidant type can also be used, which interrupt the photochemical reaction chain which is triggered when UV radiation penetrates the skin. Typical examples are amino acids (e.g. glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan) and their derivatives, imidazoles (e.g. urocanic acid) and their derivatives, peptides such as D, L-camosine, D-carnosine, L-carnosine and their derivatives (e.g. anserine), carotenoids, carotenes (e.g. α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene) and their derivatives, chlorogenic acid and its derivatives, lipoic acid and its derivatives (e.g. dihydroliponic acid), Au rothioglucose, propylthiouracil and other thiols (e.g. thioredoxin, glutathione, cysteine, cystine, cystamine and their glycosyl, N-acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl and lauryl, palmitoyl) , Oleyl, γ-linoleyl, cholesteryl and glyceryl esters) and their salts, dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, thiodipropionic acid and their derivatives (esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides and salts) and sulfoximine compounds (e.g. buthioninsulfoxim , Homocysteine sulfoxi min.Butioninsulfone, Penta-, Hexa-, Heptathioninsulfoximin ) in very low tolerable doses (e.g. B. pmol to µmol / kg), also (metal) chelators (e.g. α-hydroxy fatty acids, palmitic acid, phy tic acid, lactoferrin), α-hydroxy acids (e.g. citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid), humic acid, gal Lentic acid, biliary extracts, bilirubin, biliverdin, EDTA, EGTA and their derivatives, unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives (e.g. γ-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid), folic acid and their derivatives, ubiquinone and ubiquinol and their derivatives, vitamin C and Derivatives (e.g. ascorbyl palmitate, Mg ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl acetate), tocopherols and derivatives (e.g. vitamin E acetate), vitamin A and derivatives (vitamin A palmitate) as well as coniferyl benzoate of benzoin, rutinic acid and their derivatives, α-glycosylrutin, ferulic acid, furfurylidene glucitol, carnosine, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, nordihydroguajak resin acid, nordihydroguajaretic acid, trihydroxybutyrophenone, uric acid and its derivatives, mannose and their derivatives, zinc oxide derivative ate (e.g. ZnO, ZnSO ₄ ) selenium and its derivatives (e.g. B. selenium-methionine), stilbenes and their derivatives (z. B. Stil benoxid, trans-stilbene oxide) and the inventive derivatives (salts, esters, ethers, sugars, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides and lipids) of these active ingredients.

Suitable preservatives are, for example, phenoxyethanol, formaldehyde solution, para benzene, pentanediol or sorbic acid as well as those in Appendix 6, Parts A and B of the Cosmetics Ordinance led further substance classes. As insect repellents there are N, N-diethyl-m-touluamid, 1,2- Pentanediol or insect repellent 3535 in question, dihydroxyacetone is suitable as a self-tanner.

Perfume oils include mixtures of natural and synthetic fragrances. Natural Fragrance substances are extracts of flowers (lily, lavender, rose, jasmine, neroli, ylang-ylang), stems and leaves (geranium, patchouli, petitgrain), fruits (anise, coriander, caraway, juniper), fruit  peel (bergamot, lemon, oranges), roots (mace, angelica, celery, cardamom, costus, iris, Calmus), woods (pine, sandal, guaiac, cedar, rosewood), herbs and grasses (tarragon, Lemongrass, sage, thyme), needles and twigs (spruce, fir, pine, mountain pine), resins and bal seeds (galbanum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh, olibanum, opoponax). Furthermore animal raw come substances in question, such as civet and castoreum. Typical synthetic fragrance compounds gen are products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type. Fragrance compounds of the ester type are e.g. B. benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-Bu tylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbinylacetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, Benzyl formate, ethyl methylphenyl glycinate, allyl cyclohexyl propionate, styrallyl propionate and benzylsa licylate. The ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether, the aldehydes z. B. the linear Alka nals with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamenaldehyde, Hydroxycitronellal, Lilial and Bourgeonal, to the ketones z. B. the Jonone, ∝-isomethylionon and Me thylcedryl ketone, to the alcohols anethole, citronellol, eugenol, isoeugenol, geraniol, linalool, pheny ethyl alcohol and terpineol, the hydrocarbons mainly include terpenes and bal same. However, preference is given to using mixtures of different fragrances that work together generate an appealing fragrance. Also essential oils of lower volatility, mostly as an aro Mac components are used as perfume oils, e.g. B. sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, Lemon balm oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, linden blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, oliban oil, galbanu mole, labolanum oil and lavandin oil. Bergamot oil, dihydromyrcenol, lilial, lyral, Citronellol, phenylethyl alcohol, α-hexyl cinnamaldehyde, geraniol, benzylacetone, cyclamenaldehyde, Lina lool, boisambrene forte, ambroxan, indole, hedione, sandelice, lemon oil, mandarin oil, orange oil, Allylamyl glycolate, cyclover valley, lavandin oil, muscatel sage oil, β-damascone, geranium oil bourbon, Cyclohexyl salicylate, Vertofix Coeur, Iso-E-Super, Fixolide NP, Evernyl, Iraldein gamma, phenylacetic acid acid, geranyl acetate, benzyl acetate, rose oxide, romillate, irotyl and floramate alone or in mixtures gene, used.

As dyes, the substances suitable and approved for cosmetic purposes can be used be used, such as the dye in the publication "Cosmetic Colorants" Commission of the German Research Foundation, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1984, pp. 81-106 are put together. These dyes are usually used in concentrations from 0.001 to 0.1% by weight, based on the mixture as a whole.

Typical examples of germ-inhibiting agents are preservatives with a specific effect against gram-positive bacteria such as 2,4,4'-trichloro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether, chlorhexidine (1,6-di- (4-chlorophenyl biguanido) hexane) or TCC (3,4,4'-trichlorocarbonilide). Also numerous fragrances and essential oils have antimicrobial properties. Typical examples are the active ingredients Euge nol, menthol and thymol in clove, mint and thyme oil. An interesting natural deodorant is the terpene alcohol farnesol (3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol), which is present in the linden blossom oil  is and has a lily of the valley smell. Glycerol monolaurate has also proven to be a bacteriostatic proven. The proportion of additional antimicrobial agents is usually about 0.1 to 2 wt .-% - based on the solids content of the preparations.

The total proportion of auxiliaries and additives can be 1 to 50, preferably 5 to 40% by weight on the middle - amount. The agents can be produced by customary cold or hot processes gene; the phase inversion temperature method is preferably used.  

Examples

The alkanolamide-free surfactant formulation (a) was used to produce oil baths.

• a) 45% by weight fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates (MIPA laureth sulfate, free of alkonolamide, Henkel KGaA), 45% by weight fatty alcohol polyglycol ether (Dehydol® LS 4 DEO-N, Henkel KGaA) and 10% by weight polyol (propylene glycol, alkanolamide free, Henkel KGaA) mixed with different amounts of different oils and examined for turbidity and storage stability at room temperature or 8 ° C (stable = +). The surfactant: oil ratios used and the results are summarized in Table 1. The oil baths with the surfactant formulation (a) are characterized by good foam properties and good regreasing.

  Table 1

  Oil baths (composition in% by weight)

Claims (10)

1. Cosmetic preparations free from alkanolamides, consisting of

• a) 30 to 70 wt .-% of a mixture of (a1) fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, (a2) fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, (a3) alkyl and / or alkylene oligoglycosides and / or (a4) polyols and
• b) 70 to 30 wt .-% oil bodies

with the proviso that the quantities add up to 100% by weight. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains as component (a1) fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates of the formula (I),
R ¹ O- (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n SO ₃ X (I)
in which R ^{1 is} a linear or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 10 to 18 carbon atoms, n is a number from 1 to 5 and X is ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium. 3. Compositions according to claims 1 and / or 2, characterized in that they contain as component (a1) fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates of the formula (I) in which R ¹ for a linear and saturated acyl radical having 12 to 14 carbon atoms, n for 2 to 3 and X represents alkylammonium. 4. Composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that they contain as component (a2) fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers of the formula (II),
R ² O (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _m H (II)
in which R ^{2 is} a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 12 to 18 carbon atoms and m is an average of 2 to 6 numbers. 5. Composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that they contain fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers of the formula (II) in which R ^{2 represents} a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 12 to 14 carbon atoms. 6. Composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that they contain as component (a3) alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides of the formula (III),
R ³ O [G] _p (III)
in which R ^{3 is} an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar radical having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10. 7. Composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it as a com component (a4) contain polyols which are selected from the group formed by Glycerin, alkylene glycols, technical oligoglycerol mixtures, methylol compounds, low alkyl glucosides, sugar alcohols, sugars, amino sugars and dialcohol amines. 8. Composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it as a com component (b) contain castor oil. 9. Use of mixtures according to claim 1 for the production of clear, alkanolamine-free Kos metallic preparations. 10. Use of mixtures according to claim 1 for the production of clear, alkanolamine-free Hair and skin care products.