DE19711521A1 - Identification device for vehicle parking or road use management system - Google Patents

Abstract

The device uses an identification unit (2) fitted within each vehicle (6), for identifying the vehicle and/or a given vehicle characteristic, which cannot be removed from the vehicle without impairing its function. The vehicle and/or vehicle characteristic identification data is held in a memory (8) of the identification unit, which is protected from unauthorised access via an authorisation code, the same data held in a second memory (8'), associated with an external identification unit, in cordless communication with the onboard identification unit.

Description

The invention relates to a device for simplification of administrative and control tasks related to at least one mobile object, in particular of Vehicles, as well as methods for operating the device.

The administrative tasks related to vehicles be meet z. B. the operating permit, the approval, the order spelling, MOT sticker, ASU badge, liability versi insurance etc. The administrative tasks related to However, vehicles also include the costs and fees order and the invoicing and billing of costs and fees ren, such. B. car tax, parking fees, tolls, Ver insurance premiums, fines, etc. Control tasks in Zu Context with a variety of vehicles include the Influencing traffic flows, such as automatic redirection overloading of sections and incentive systems by cheapening the use of desired vehicles and the price increase of "not or less desired" Vehicles. This can be done by, for example Vehicles in externally defined environmental conditions without Ka no longer at all or only very much turned on allowed to drive vehicles that with only one Person occupied, higher road user charges be have to pay as vehicles that be multi-person are set, etc.

For individual aspects of the above objectives are already known solutions. So z. B. from the WO-A 94/28526 a system known in which in a in the Vehicle arranged storage unit registration data of the Vehicle and accounts are stored or managed. with means of a transmitting / receiving device both on the vehicle as well as at a gas station, for example, at  Refuel automatically for the refueled fuel costs are deducted.

From EP-A-320 336 is a parking fee management system known in the respective vehicle parking tickets pla which can be queried from the outside. Has been exceeded the allowable parking time, this can be done from the outside determined by an appropriate control person who the.

From FR-A 26 19 944 is a motor vehicle identifikati Onssystem known, the one in the respective vehicle mon tected unit, which from the outside by means of appropriate Transmit / receive facilities can be queried. In the The vehicle-mounted unit comprises a microprocessor. in both an associated memory device and communicates with a memory device that enters the num mernschild is integrated. As for example on the street ßenrand established query stations can at any time Approval data of the passing motor vehicle abgeru fen and thus the motor vehicle properly identified become. However, this is done via a list comparison with all vehicles contained in a central register. This is uneconomical and cumbersome and requires it considerable mass storage and network services.

Object of the present invention is a system for Simplification of administrative and control tasks for a variety of mobile objects, in particular of Vehicles, and a method of operating the system to provide the various known approaches combines in itself and does not have the disadvantages mentioned.

The solution to this problem is achieved by a device according to claim 1 and by a method according Ansprü 19, 20 and 21 respectively.  

The connected to the management and control system Mobile objects are with a first means of identification equipped, without destroying its functionality not be removed from the respective mobile object can. The first identification means comprises a first one Storage device in which the respective mobile object identifying data are stored. If it is mobile objects can be vehicles additionally or alternatively also certain properties of the Vehicle descriptive data such. B. PS or KW number, Tax class, emission class, holder, insurance class etc. are stored. In a second Identification means with a second memory device at least partially the same data is stored as in the first storage device. The second Identification means may be in or on the mobile object but also outside or separated from the mobile object be arranged. Stand over a communication device the at least two identification means in not manipulable authentication and communication. By the communication device can each At least those in the first Memory device retrieve stored data.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention the first memory device comprises different ones Memory areas for the different types of data and / or different users or system parties and the different memory areas can be passed through secure different access codes that only ever known users. That way it is in Fall of motor vehicles possible that different System participants, such. B. vehicle manufacturers, Vehicle owner, registration office, Federal Motor Vehicle Office, TÜV, Police etc. and only those on their assigned Memory areas can access. So, for example only the car manufacturer during the commissioning of the vehicle  Vehicle and registration data in the reserved area Write memory area. The Admission Board in turn can in the reserved memory area the Enter holder data. In the same way, the others can System participants to their respective storage areas to grab. Thus, the respective system participants ent speaking of their authority data and programs in the ih NEN assigned memory areas implement and the Use the entire system according to their authorization.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the Invention is the access to the different Spei areas of the various system participants here chish articulated, so that z. B. the police the entitlement has not only to register penalty points, but B. also on the memory area with the driver's license of the ever vehicle and these lock if necessary can also release it again.

According to a further advantageous embodiments of Invention includes the system of the invention means with memory and / or processor, below Called key device. This key device Key devices here include all types of Chip carriers, such as smart cards, electronic keys, Identifiers etc.

After a particularly advantageous embodiment of Invention serves as the second key device Identification means and thus enables the Identification and / or authorized use of the mobile object.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the For example, the invention provides the storage device a license card one of their storage areas as Memory area for the identification device for Ver  addition. This can for example be ensured that only a driver with a valid driver's license is a car may use.

According to the preferred embodiments according to the claims 13 to 16 are differently configured cards, Keys etc. provided. This can be on easy Way different control and management tasks to solve. All in the storage devices of the mobile Ob jekte stored data can also in the Memory areas of the identification device abgespei be chert.

Both the memory areas of the identification device as well as the storage areas of the mobile objects protected by codes, preferably hierarchically. On This way, the concerns of the individual data protection zes and the manipulation security accounted for who the.

Many can be achieved with the device according to the invention Simplify administrative processes and politically desired Perform control tasks. For example, you can Vehicles whose holders and drivers are easy to identify to authenticate (claim 18). By the device for mod For example, the Einhal forced by speed limits (Claim 21).

By a bonus / penalty system (claim 14 and 20) ge promoted socio-political desired patterns of behavior become. For example, the tax burden decreases, if several people use a vehicle together (see this also the German patent application 195 25 762.6).

Is the device according to the invention with a correspond the control device or a corresponding subsystem  equipped, it is z. B. in a simple way possible Motor vehicle tax based on the actual damage to measure substance output. For this purpose, the corresponding detects Subsystem only the actual operating time, the Speed and along with in one of the memory ranges of stored pollutant class can the actual estimated pollutant emissions. Alternatively leaves the actual pollutant emissions are also affected by an Un Determine the "pollutant measuring sensor" system. This ermit telte or directly measured value can then be used as a basis used for the automatic deducted vehicle tax the.

The identification system according to the invention not only leaves but is for vehicles and motor vehicles use also for freight, mail, containers, Luggage, etc. suitable.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of forthcoming zugten embodiments with reference to the drawing.

It shows

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a first exporting approximately of the invention,

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a second exporting approximately form of the invention, a so-called terkarte Hal includes,

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the lung Speicherauftei the holder card as used in the embodiment according to Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the invention, and

Fig. 5 is a schematic system overview for explaining the interaction of the individual components of the invention.

Below are various exemplary embodiments described forms of the invention, wherein in the various NEN embodiments are the same or equivalent Components are provided with the same reference numerals. In the exemplary embodiments, the mobile ones are Objects motor vehicles, but this is not limiting to understand.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of the present invention. An identification device or a first identification means 2 and a communication device 4 are connected to each other and in a vehicle 6 , z. B. a car, permanently installed. The identification device 2 , z. Example in the form of a microprocessor, comprises a memory device 8 , which is divided into different memory areas 8 -i. The communication device 4 comprises a display device 10 , an input module in the form of a keyboard 12 and a transceiver 14 , by means of which a wireless communication to an outside of the motor vehicle 6 arranged external transceiver 16 is made. The external transceiver 16 is housed for example in so-called beacons on the roadside or in portable devices, as they are used by the police or generally by control personnel NEN. The device 16 serves as a second identification means and comprises a memory device 8 'or is connected to a memory device.

The memory area 8-1 of the identification device 2 is reserved for the vehicle manufacturer, and only the motor manufacturer can access this area in writing. Upon delivery of the vehicle 6 data in the memory area 8-1 are written , which clearly identify the respective vehicle, z. The vehicle range 8-2 is reserved for example for the vehicle registration authority and only this authority can either via wireless communication tion, an interface or input via the keyboard 12, the registration data in the memory area 8-. 2 inscribe ben. In a police control can be queried either on the Ta stature 12 and the display device 10 of the communication device 4 or via an external transceiver 16 of the memory area 8-2 to determine whether the vehicle in question 6 ei ne valid approval or not , The contents of the memory areas 8-1 and 8-2 can also be queried by the driver or user himself via the communication device 4 , but a write access is only possible by the vehicle manufacturer, the approval authority or a suitably authorized system subscriber.

A memory area 8-3 is reserved for the tax office and contains data and information that enable correct vehicle taxation. A storage area 8-4 is reserved for insurance companies and contains data and information about various vehicle insurances, such as liability insurance, comprehensive insurance, occupant insurance, etc. As with storage areas 8-1 and 8-2 , write access to these storage areas is only possible by the respective authorized authority, while the reading access is also possible by the user or other institutions and authorities.

Finally, a storage area 8-5 is realized as an electronic money storage or payment card, and in this way it is possible for tolls, parking fees, insurance contributions and vehicle taxes to be taken automatically either from the vehicle's cash register or via (electronic) networks from the user's account or Halters debited who the.

The identification means 2 and in particular the memory device 8 is so tamper-proof mounted in the vehicle 6 that it can not be removed from the vehicle 6 without destroying their func onsfähigkeiten and z. B. destroyed during manipulation or removal from the vehicle 6 mechanically or via electrical overvoltage voltage or sends an error message.

Fig. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the invention, which differs from the embodiment according to Fig. 1 in that three different identification means are provided. The first identification means 2-1 corresponds to the component 2 from FIG. 1, the second identification means 2-2 is a chip which is arranged separately from the first identification means 2-1 arranged in the vehicle 6 and the third identification means is a chip card 20 . The communication device 4 additionally includes a read / write device 18 for smart cards.

The second identification means 2-2 is an IC having other functions in the vehicle, e.g. B. Control of electronic injection. The function as a second means of identification is carried out virtually hidden. The first identification means 2-1 operates only as long as error-free, as long as the associated second identification means is present. This increases the security against manipulation. The second identification means 2-2 comprises a memory device 8 "and at least partially also stores the data from the first memory device 8 of the first identification means 2-1 .

The first memory device 8 of the first identification means 2-1 comprises a memory area 8-1 in which are stored the data necessary to identify the vehicle 6 . The remaining memory areas are virtually outsourced, specifically into the chip card or holder card 20 , the structure of which is shown schematically and by way of example in FIG. 3 and which comprises the five memory areas 8 '- 2 to 8 ' - 6 . The system is designed so that, apart from emergencies, the vehicle 6 is only ready for operation when the corre sponding holder card 20 is inserted into the read / write device 18 . Alternatively, a driver or a user card may be provided in cases where there are multiple users of a vehicle who are not holders. This data can be entered by the holder in parallel in the memory area 8 '- 6 for authentication purposes. In Fig. 3, the various at playable memory areas 8 '- 2 to 8 ' - 6 are shown schematically and to the left is indicated who owns the data sovereignty over the sen memory area, ie who can write or change data in the respective memory area.

In the memory area 8 '- 2 , only the vehicle manufacturer can write data, which is on the one hand to data that are necessary for the identification of the vehicle, and then compared with the abge stored in the memory area 8-1 data, and on the other hand, it is the data that has hitherto been indicated in the motor vehicle license and in the motor vehicle letter, so that in this way an electronic vehicle registration certificate or an electronic vehicle registration document is realized. In addition, other properties and data can be entered, such as emission curves of pollutants, etc.

In the memory area 8 '- 3 , the registration office or the registration authority can write data, so that in this area, in particular the holder of the vehicle and the car license plate are entered. The memory area 8 '- 4 is reserved for the TÜV, and in it due and performed TÜV and ASU examinations as well as approvable modifications are registered on the vehicle. The storage area 8 '- 5 is reserved for one or more motor vehicle workshops and it records inspection dates, performed work and also accident damages. Thus, when the vehicle is sold, the buyer can determine whether accident damage exists, etc.

Finally, the area 8 '- 6 is reserved for the holder or user. Optionally, the memory area 8 '- 6 or another memory area 8 ' -i or 8 -i further un subdivided into an electronic wallet, a elec tronic logbook, an address register, etc.

A storage area (not shown) can also be provided in order to allow the permanent or temporary (eg in the case of car rental companies) permission of third-party vehicle users. For this purpose, for example, a holder programmable chip carrier in the form of a groove zerkarte, a user key, etc. output. Alterna can -i identi fikationsvorrichtung 2 a feature or Kenner be written permanently or temporarily, to which the system can recognize the respective users and authorized and release operation of the vehicle tively also in one of the storage areas. 8

In FIG. 4, a third exemplary embodiment is shown as a block diagram. The embodiment shown in Fig. 4 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 2 or 3 in that additional subsystems 24 are provided with the administration or Steuerauf can simplify tasks associated with vehicles. The communication device 4 in this case comprises an interface 22 to the in-vehicle subsystems 24 -i.

The subsystem 24-1 represents the realization of an electronic license plate. By the subsystem 24-1 , the license plate assigned by the registration office is read out of the memory area 8-3 of the holder card 20 and, instead of a conventional license plate, via an electronic display 26 , an electronic license plate Num mernschild, displayed.

Subsystem 24-2 allows simplified management and issuance of so-called Resident Park Permissions. Is in a corresponding memory area of the memory device 8 or 8 ', z. B. noted by the registration office that the respective vehicle 6 , the holder of the vehicle, identified by the holder card, or the Nut zer of the vehicle, identified by a user card, which has permission to park in a particular area, so generates the subsystem 24-2 on a display 28 ent speaking display. The display 28 is in this case introduced so that they from the outside, z. B. from appropriate control staff, can be viewed. Alternatively, subsystem 24-2 enters a corresponding parking authorization indication in a mailbox from which the parking authorization at the respective location can be checked remotely. If no parking authorization is displayed, fines and / or a certain multiple of the parking fees can be displayed on.

The subsystem 24-3 provides an electronic tachograph or even a logbook. The professional motorist puts this purpose a corresponding user card in the read / write device 18 of the Kommunikationsvor device 4 , whereby the starting of the vehicle 6 , z. B. ei nes truck. As long as the vehicle is now in operation, this is recorded by the subsystem 24-3 net, and in addition to the driving time or driving time can still be the ge driven speed recorded in a memory element 29 aligned therefor. However, the Fahrtsschrei berdaten can also be stored in a not further Darge presented storage area of the storage device 8 of the Nut zerkarte. When the truck driver is inspected by the police, this data is then read out and checked by the police using a suitable reading device. For non-professional drivers the Untersystem 24-3 can also be used as an electronic logbook.

The subsystem 24-4 is connected via the internal transceiver 14 of the communication device 4 , which in turn establishes the connection to the GPS satellites. In conjunction with the GPS subsystem 24-4 , the electronic logbook of the subsystem 24-3 can also be automatically and with route description (waypoints) ge leads.

Subsystem 24-5 allows the implementation of an automatic speed limit or Tem postaten. For this purpose, the subsystem 24-5 is connected not only to the internal interface 22 but also to the transceiver 14 . For example, via ei NEN radio beacons 30-1 the passing or in a stretch entering vehicle the currently valid speed limit or the absolute Geschwin speed is communicated. The subsystem 24-5 now ensures that, for example, by adjusting the engine when this speed is exceeded speed limit is also observed. Alternatively or additionally, when the maximum speed is exceeded, a corresponding warning on a display not presented in detail Darge light or charged an additional fee, penalty points allocated, etc. will be.

The subsystem 24-6 implements a distance measurement to behind-traveling or in particular to preceding vehicles. If a critical minimum distance is exceeded, an audible and / or visual warning is provided on a display device (not shown). Alternatively or in addition, a corresponding item can also be entered in a memory area for regulatory offenses, traffic violations, etc., not shown in more detail.

The present invention may also cooperate with various types of road pricing systems already tested in Großver. This is done by the subsystem 24-7 , which is also connected to both the transceiver 14 and the internal interface 22 . The collection and booking of tolls, for example, the fact that a driving in a toll section driving convincing 6 transmitted corresponding radio signals from a radio beacon 30-2 to the internal transceiver 14 in the driving tool 6 . The transmitted data is forwarded to the subsystem 24-7 , which determines the duration or length of the toll road section and a corresponding fee amount, for example, automatically deducted from the electronic wallet 8-6 . In cooperation with the GPS subsystem 24-4 can thus be integrated into the present invention, a toll charge accounting system, as is known from DE-OS 43 04 838.

With the subsystem 24-8 an automatic Parkgebühre nerfassung is possible. The subsystem 24-8 is connected to the internal interface 22 as well as to the transceiver 14 . By way of radio beacons 30-3 arranged in the parking garage or in the parking lot, the corresponding charges for this parking space, which may depend on the time of day, the type of parked vehicle, etc., are transmitted, and via subsystem 24-8 the necessary or required parking fee automatically table deducted from the electronic wallet 8-6 .

Hereinafter, the various possibilities which the system according to the invention offers will be explained with reference to FIG . The following abbreviations and terms are used:
PHCard = personal holder card
PFCard = personal driver license card
PFHCard = personal driver's license and holder card
P-Card = personal card (eg credit card)
F-Card = driving license card
N-Card = user card
WWC = disposable card (after use)
ANC = charge and recharge card
FFP, PFF = personal free-ride ticket
KK = credit card
Local public transport
OBU = on board unit, devices and devices mounted in or on a vehicle
EurOBU = OBU, which is equipped for a multi-card accounting system, as it is known from German Patent Application 195 25 762.6, and to which reference is hereby made in full;

1. System for identification 1.1 Automotive and their properties

The different applications and subapplications are equipped with double protected PIN module.

Data contents are:
Basic data are read in by the manufacturer. Basic data can be:

• - All technical data of the car letter and certificate included
• - Master data of the first owner (name, address, possibly Ge date of birth)
• - Environmental data for different types of vehicles equipment / load
• - emission curves of pollutants or
• - Energy consumption curve
• - paid vehicle taxes and fees
• - Indication of whether PHCard or PFHCard has been issued
• - Save the number of this card (with update-possible ness)
• - Indication of whether ignition / gearbox etc. may only be released via a special key such as card or PIN etc.
  Save this key

Classification data is provided by an authority z. B. Finanzamt or by the manufacturer after verifiable information of the holder entered. It may be z. For example, to handle data like

• - private or commercial use like Taxi, bus, garbage disposal, agriculture
• - Exemption from car tax or special charges
• - Belonging to special occupations / sectors such as Poli zei, fire brigade, doctors, suppliers
• - Resident parking permit.

The municipality can the resident property of the motor vehicle Hal Both in the vehicle permanently mounted Identi storage device as well as the F-, N or H card inserted in the identification device let ben.

Changes to basic and classification data can only from the authorized claimants like authorities over only special machines (ESMBox) known access or special  the codes are entered. Depending on the data to be changed There are autonomous own corrections.

So can

• - the security access changes (new Encryption or decryption method) of only one Central authority such as the Federal Motor Vehicle Office, or a Be the EU,
• - Changes concerning the ownership only from the permanent authority, which also applies to this Activity is liable.
• - Partial route data are read in by systems or systems in the car z. B.
  Priority data (accident doctor on duty) (Upper System / EurOBU) Number of passengers traveling (Upper System / EurOBU) current weight of the truck load (Subsystem truck 1) driver (Upper System / EurOBU) Cargo of dangerous goods (Upper System / EurOBU)

Read out to authorized persons, z. B. Poli zei / customs / operating company with special equipment. It There are limited and unlimited read permissions in each case via safety devices (PIN or password, Encryption etc.) are protected. Betreibergesell companies only have access to data that ih related institutions such as For example, the motor vehicle fee Class.

The identification device checks via a TÜV authen authentication at each start, whether a separate, compatible (eg group billing) OBU is present. Only if the OBU has the same authentication key, the OBU switched to functional. If that is not the case,  the OBU sends an error message to the top systems. is no separate OBU available, assumes its own component the OBU function.

The identification device has the following OBU functions:

• - electronic purse or Mondexgeld (currently running Great trial in England), books there
• - Link to credit / account of the holder / PHCard holder bers
• - Group billing option to promote car-sharing
• - if necessary with transmitter / receiver
• - Buy and download money or units via chipte lePhone
• - is via F, H or identification device with PIN / key activated
• - with vehicle PIN as theft protection
• - Memory in which the motor vehicle tax is filed and "consumed" is (possibly by time)
• - Store where all fee data is reserved for 180 days become
• - Only the owner or authorities can read, if the Hal it permits.

The transceiver function of the communication or Identi fikationsvorrichtung-OBU application can optionally as Mo dul z. B. integrated into mobile phones and as a single Function unit are manufactured.

Interfaces exist to upper systems such. B. a se Eurobu and subsystems. For this she has ver various protected read and write interfaces.

1.2 System for identification of car owners and drivers

Different or a mobile disk with different Applications for identifying owner and driver with  various interconnected applications (Public transport / car).

The holder card (H-Card)

To control the traffic, it may be useful to those To reward car owners or drivers who have them ordered or not use their own car, but with ride a colleague, or use the public transport or public transport. This requires a separate identification. Automotive Hal ter receive next to the identification device, the phy Insoluble with the car, a personal holder identifiers (an H card or H application in a multifunction ChipCard).

The H-Application contains the holder data and some Basic data of the Kfz-Card. It will only be in one copy output. The H card number is in the identification stored device. If lost, a new H-card will be issued while showing the car with a new number issued initially in the identification device is updated and then reissued. The H-Card is not physically attached to the car and can have multiple PINs for group members, eg B. have families. These PINs who stored for group members in their P-Card. The H-Card activates the PIN and authentication Identification device or OBU and allows costs registration and allocation and, for the Eurobu, fees moderation and / or group settlement with a cast of more than 1 person.

The driving license card (F-Card) for car drivers

For better enforcement of data protection and trans Parenz on "Points in Flensburg" is proposed, Füh holder with an electronically readable guide the driver's license and extra  a unique driver's license number containing the OBU interface into the subpath data store Identification device can be read.

Electronically recorded misdemeanors (possibly also "points") could thus directly on the F-Card (possibly via a Eurobu), which transmits this via a Si gnal and display or printer to the authorized driver shows. If the driver decides immediately, or the same day, that he does not want to object, and he shares that a special Eurobu feature with, it will DM 5, - of issued the warning money o. Ä. The warning money will automatically deducted from his Z card. Does he meet this Decision not within 48 hours, he gets egg written notice. That's the way you guess up to 75% of all operations are automatically performed. So the state or the cities can tremendous administrative effort save wall.

Registration process driver

Driver puts his card in OBU or the communication device, causing the car license plate in front of Manipula tions and unauthorized reading protected memory Card done. The driver confirms if necessary by "OK" or ei own PIN, thereby contracting Roadpricinq and opening of the sub-PIN memory and writing the charge data in this associated data store. Temporary use and storage, at the same time allocation of loaded users memory for validating the distance traveled. By "communicating mode" can be "units" of different Applications possibly with different bonus / penalty against be charged on the side.

1.3. System for the identification of OBUs

There is a standard in the identification device OBU application with an immediate payment debit function or payment after invoicing if necessary Transmitter / receiver gain. To the identification direction is also the connection of other OBUs of third parties Systems, such as the Eurobu (multi-card accounting system) Lich.

The OBU is via the automatic link with the Identifika tion device and the mutual authentication with Data transfer from the car card to the OBU car classifi cation storage vehicle-bound and unique and forgery. There is no connection between Identi fication device and the third-party OBU, or the car-card and the OBU functional unit, is the third-party OBU or the OBU-FU inoperative. It sends an error signal both in the car as well as on the upper systems. Billed is to next via the identification device. The top systems can initiate reviews.

OBU card and identification device become exclusive Lich of entitled to such. B. the authentication key loaded and thus virtually forgery-proof. third OBUs should only be sold if the identification device already retrofitted or is available. Depending on the objective of the state can be equal early also a holder and / or driver's license card gefor be changed. The numbers of the identification device and H-Cards are stored for mutual authentication chert.

This can at the same time a contractual relationship on the ko fee-based use of public facilities such as parking lots, roads, etc. are closed in the Contractual penalties have been agreed.  

1.4 System for authentication / identification of the authorized driver / user with respect to the motor vehicle

Optionally, it can be provided that the master chip the Automotive ignition or the transmission just about a special one (eg only copyable from a trust center or the TÜV) Key like card or pin releases. Storing this Key and interface to automotive electronics ent speaking blocking or enabling controls (encryption) is in the HalterCard. The release of driving permissions via the HalterCard and a corresponding Protection Code.

1.5 Applications of the individual systems and data sovereignty

application data sovereignty Kfz-Card Car-specific data card (identification device) Manufacturer / TUV H-Appl holder application District Office / TUV F-Appl Personl. driving license card District Office / TUV Z-Appl. Payment card for debit or debit Bank, K-issuer z. T. owner Driving privileges Holder (via H-Card) OBU on board unit District Office / TUV

2. Simplify administrative operations

Today, a single brand new car (after the genel type certificate) by TÜV under physical submission of the Car letter to the first holder (buyer) approved. there the new owner is entered in the motor vehicle letter Number plate, z. T. at the option of the new holder, opti rule identification of the vehicle issued and festge on the vehicle makes. Car and owner will then in the Federal Vehicle Office Flens castle centrally.  

Car and motor vehicle letter are presented at change of owner, since with the authority checks the holder change, in the letter, the Schein and its documents documented and possibly a new one License plate issued.

An identification required during the authorization period of the keeper takes place via a registration number search at the Federal Vehicle Office if necessary with examination of the chassis number Etc.

In addition to the cumbersome, time-consuming procedures another weak point is the easy interchangeability and forgery of license plates. This system is not satisfactory. The present invention overcomes these deficiencies

• - in status granted as first registration of the car, and
• - with status changes.

It also allows the collection of vehicle taxes and fees as well as to simplify fines and, if desired, also a set-off of the vehicle tax with other taxes or fees for certain groups of people or usage different professions, etc.

3. Facilitating socially desirable influence on stationary and flowing traffic

With increasing motor vehicle and thus also traffic density to curtail public parking and traffic areas Res resources. At the same time, the traffic-related environmental impact is increasing load.

The proposed systems according to the invention and Vorrich lines help to change that in an advantageous manner. In addition to procedural simplification, they allow, in cooperation with other systems, such as. B. were tested at the Cologne-Bonn motorway,

• - The use of public transport areas too entzer reindeer
• - to curb the environmental impact and
• - the decision-making security of the persons responsible for Ver traffic control and the road user.

In addition, suitable control procedures are made possible the social usefulness of the individual Individual traffic with the benefit foundation for the individual Harmonize motor vehicle travel in an environmentally and socially acceptable way can.

Thus, the proposed systems and devices enable conditions z. B. the person number dependent activation of Stra ßenspuren or emission-dependent driving license and / or Charge level or other features online to control to use.

With the proposed systems, devices and procedures both control and charging systems can be driven according to different criteria. So z. As with monetary burden / relief of the driver or owner, but also taking into account technical and economic criteria

• - the environment, such as ozone pollution, or
• - of the individual vehicle, such as emission values of the motor vehicle, but also
• - with criteria of public utility

be driven according to the requirements.

3.1 Example of a monetary bonus-penalty fee system

The patent pending multi-card billing system 195 25 762.6 allows, in combination with the presented here  hitting systems and devices bonus-malus systems to drive. In that regard, the application 195 25 762.6 vol related to the content. Here is the bonus penalty not limited to monetary aspects, but also can be extended to others like free-lane etc.

Combined with public transport → PFHC offers free travel or discount, also for the railways, as directly demonstrable transfer passengers, monthly local public transport service, best buy system, bonus-malus system with concrete offsetting between rail and public transport. In general, casual drivers should not be charged. Definition casual driver z. B. 2 × p.Mt. or 5 × in the quarter

1st (main) slot 100% if with PFHCard, 200% if without PFHCard 2nd slot 50% if with PFHCard (another car) 3rd slot 00% 4th slot 100% credit

3.2 Enforcement of non-payers

The fee payment obligation and liability becomes public legally about the car registration and simultaneous exhibition Development of the car card or identification device and dar in addition, contractually produced via the Eurobu.

Enforcement does not become sovereign, but contractual solved. Penalties Problem of holder penetration contractually also.

By the unique assignment and registration of the car will be including non-payers and false payers. If the elek is not sufficient as a proof a photo can be made as evidence, as with Speed overruns is common. The photo  but needs only be used in denial - it be the legal regulations would be changed and the Holder would be responsible for contraventions contested by the driver to Re be drawn.

3.3 Example environmental control system

The memory device of the identification device ent holds data about z. For example, the emission levels at certain Driving loads. It can now z. B. created incentives be that at below-average issue bonus points or monetary units are generated. Or it can monitored at a certain ozone levels, the driving ban become. For example, drastically: local traffic must after a be agreed to be set early warning, otherwise penalty points or triple fees etc.

Supraregional traffic may continue driving or only under continue certain conditions. For example, at reduced Emission by speed limits etc. The data are included in the identification device and become retrieved from beacons or similar.

3.4 Logbook monitoring

The system according to the invention also permits one-on-one monitoring personal time at the wheel of Be rufsfahrern. The exchange of documents or other mani pulations are much more difficult.

3.5 subsystem for automatically locating stolen car

The banks receive daily (eg every 4 hours, but also unscheduled) an update with the data stolen Motor vehicle's passing through one reported as stolen Car's immediately inform the next patrol. Car's,  whose identification devices do not answer, be automatically on video or other appropriate way recorded and possibly reloaded. To increase the failure safety, the identification devices are redundant installed and in communication with each other.

3.6 Excluding wrong payers in road pricing

The proposed system makes it possible, through its devices and protected access, to identify a vehicle electronically and unambiguously. The detection of Fahrzeu ges happens depending on the used road pricing system by vehicle-external techniques of different kinds - for example, the exchange of signals:

• - Driveway: over two pairs of beacons on AB driveways
  1. Pair of beacons: Registration in the car chip and in the (de-) central POS system
  2. Pair of beacons: Check, if registration is recorded correctly, correction if necessary
• - Exit: over two pairs of beacons on AB exits
  1st pair of beacons: Logout in the chip and in the central system
  2. Pair of beacons: Check, if logout is detected correctly, correction if necessary

4. Further explanations 4.1 Pay

• - There are basically two systems:
• - for frequent users → electronic PFF (free travel): ANC
• - for rare users → all credit cards via POS → against electr. Cash c) d) e)
• - Debit identification device with card via (monthly) invoice with credit check with master data → centrally in plain text
  → as lodgeCard with reference KKK.

Identification device without separate OBU: open after credit check or prepaid
ANC loading and reloading card with ./. Counter beyond 0 to pay at next loading (with master data in the chip) including route indicator and time memory Bill printing possible at special POS terminals costs
Abbuchcard OBU setting with FFP central recording yes / no
with "no" full protection + decentralized transparency at the OBU

• - Invoice against additional costs at the special POS terminal
• - WWC WegWerfCard pure prepaid card, full of Da tenschutz.

To pay with OBU, there are two, via button or automatic identification of the card type, selectable procedures:

• - direct debit from the driver's electronic purse without identity check. Result: without receipt, only on display
  with identity check, ie with holder and license plate.
  Result: It is also deducted and then sends a 0-bill for a fee (postage + x%) once a month ver.
• - via ec-cash or credit card / mobile phone card / phone bill with single on the corresponding (CC) invoice, via the main PIN (owner only known to AGES) OBU or driver's electronic purse.

To pay without OBU is on the Identvorvorrich tion and from the operator system once a month at the choice of the holder in plain text or without listing the billed to individual charging stations and the burden moved in. Since there are no wrong payers, but only if necessary Unauthorized user detected by theft display compensation, the stolen KM driven is possible Lich. The fee number liability is contracted over the Registration of the vehicle or, in the case of retrofitting, the exhibition ment and the installation of the identification device and / or Eurobu made.

Charging money; authorize

The identification device or associated cards has / have an optional number application, it has u. a. a Credit, ec-cash and an el-purse feature (electronic purse). It can, like a PCard on Te phone, also from a credit card with chip interface to be loaded. For credit and ec-cash application will be at Issue the credit rating checked.

Money or units charge in GE-Eurochip (monetary units)

• - <chip phone a)
• - <ATM b)
• - <Bank counter c)
• - <Post office counter d)
• - <gas station (POS) e)

4.2 Billing to the keeper Per route

This option is selected by setting on the Eurobu. It is billed to car owners or users (PFCard) z. B. once a month: all used routes with car, time and date z. B. via credit card or direct debit and the Invoice will be attached to the KK extract. Alternatively: anonymous  Debit from electronic purse or from checking account without spe specific route description.

Per time unit

Flat rate via direct debit (if BVM allow this at all want, for. B. for occasional drivers, as a motor vehicle tax).

In all cases: check on driveway, if last load Writing OK or money in el-purse. At exit motorway possibly video flashes.

The billing itself:

• - Billing periodically
• - EDIFACT
• - independent paper bill
• - Carrier paper bill (bank statement)
• - Listing (without invoice character) <Trägeraufstel (bank statement) <stand-alone list for a fee.

When in the above description of "cards" the speech is, this term is generally used as a paraphrase for the function and not for the concrete physical staltung to understand.

In summary, the following advantages and special features of the present invention can be enumerated:

• - The almost tamper-proof arrangement and fastening supply of the identification device (of the master chip)
• - the data storage devices under the aus Eventual control of the respective system participants lie and of these for each their exclusive benefits are autonomously designed and set up
• - The respective autonomous interface devices
• - the master-slave principle, via automatic authen tification processes ensures that the lower and upper  systems are counterfeit-proof and conform to the system th,
• - the introduction and combination of a unique identification and authentication system for all relevant system subscribers (satellite chips) such as
  • - Vehicle
  • - Holder
  • - driver
  • - other vehicle users
  • - Tax office
  • - Approval authorities
  • - Federal Vehicle Office
  • - Operating companies
  • - Traffic flow and control organs
  • - Environmental protection institutions
  • - public transport and other transport systems

The individual components identification device (Master car chip) and satellite chips EurOBU and car card) authenticate each other with it

• a) Vehicle and owner identified
• b) no "wrong" Eurobu's can be used.

Claims (22)

1. Identification device for simplifying management and control tasks of one or a plurality of mobile objects by ensuring the authorization of the control, with:
a first identification means ( 2-1 ) assigned to the respective mobile object ( 6 ) for identifying the mobile object ( 6 ) and / or specific characteristic properties of the respective mobile object ( 6 ) which uniquely identify the respective mobile object ( 6 ),
wherein the first identification means is not removable from the respective mobile object ( 6 ) without destroying its functionality,
wherein the first identification means ( 2 ) comprises first memory means ( 8 ) in which the data identifying the respective mobile object ( 6 ) and / or descriptive of its particular characteristics are stored, and
the access to the first storage device being protected by an access code known to the respective owner,
at least one second identification means ( 2-2 , 16 , 20 ) having a second memory device ( 8 ') in which at least partial data are stored, which are stored in the first memory device ( 8 ), and
a communication device ( 4 ) by the first and second identification means ( 8 , 8 ') with each other in non-manipulatable authentication and communication and by means of the respective mobile object ( 6 ) identifying and / or descriptive of certain properties data from at least one of Memory devices ( 8 , 8 ') of the at least two identification means ( 2 , 2-1 , 16 , 20 ) are retrievable. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and / or the second memory means a plurality of memory areas ( 8 -i, 8 '-i) and that the access to the different Spei chereinrichtungen ( 8 -i, 8 ' - i) is reserved for different users and is protected by different access codes known only to the respective users. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second identification means is arranged separately from the identifying mobile object ( 6 ). 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the second identification means comprises a transmitting / receiving device ( 16 ) for communicating with the communication means ( 4 , 14 ) in or on the mobile object ( 6 ). 5. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims characterized by
at least one mobile, in particular by a person portable key device ( 20 ) with a memory device ( 8 ') and / or a processor device, wherein
the communication means ( 4 ) comprises means ( 18 ) for communicating with the at least one key means ( 20 ). 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one portable key device ( 20 ) is a chip carrier, which contains at least one IC chip, which is integrated in cards, keys, etc. 7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the memory device ( 8 ') of the key device ( 20 ) has different memory areas ( 8 ' -i). 8. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the handle to the in the memory device ( 8 ') of the key device ( 20 ) stored data is protected by codes. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that different memory areas ( 8 '-i) are hedged by hierarchically structured codes. 10. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the key device ( 20 ) is the second identification means ( 2 ). 11. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims 5 to 9, characterized in that in the memory areas ( 8 -i) of the memory device ( 8 ) stored data and information at least partially parallel and in addition in the key means ( 20 ) are stored. 12. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the key means ( 20 ) comprise a holder card, in which the respective holder of the mobile object ( 6 ) identifying data are stored. 13. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims 5 to 12, characterized in that the key means ( 20 ) at least one of only one authorized, z. B. the holder or owner of the mobile object ( 6 ), programmable user card in which an authorized user of the respective mobile object ( 6 ) identifying data are stored. 14. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims 5 to 13, characterized in that the key means ( 20 ) comprise a value unit card in which at least one type of positive or negative value units are stored. 15. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims 5 to 14, characterized in that the key means ( 20 ) comprise cards which combine a plurality of functions in itself, for. B. the function of a holder card and a value unit card. 16. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims 5 to 15, characterized in that the mobile objects are motor vehicles ( 6 ), and in that the key means ( 20 ) comprise a driver's license card, in the person and type of driving characterizing data are stored. 17. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the various NEN data encrypted in the memory areas ( 8 -i, 8 '-i, 8 ''-i) are stored and are only accessible to the respective authorized persons. 18. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by a with the first identification means ( 2 ) and / or the communication device ( 4 ) connected control device ( 24 ) for influencing functions of the mobile object ( 6 ). 19. An identification method between mobile objects and the authorized user (s) by means of a device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 18, with the method steps:

• a) via cryptographic secure method registered and permanent storage of a certain mobile object ( 6 ) and / or an authorized user identifying data in the memory means ( 8 , 8 ', 8 '') of the identification means ( 2 , 16 , 20 ) authorized;
• b) retrieving or reading out these data from the identification means ( 2 , 16 , 20 ) via the communication device ( 4 ) by authorized persons as required;
• c) comparing the redundant data stored in the first and second identification means ( 2 , 16 , 20 ); and
• d) Accepting or denying the right to use if the data compared with each other is not consistent or not.

20. A method for calculating positive and / or negative value units with a device according to one of claims 1 to 18, with the method steps:

• a) detecting a unit of value relevant operation via the communication device ( 4 ); and
• b) storing a corresponding positive or nega tive Werteinheitenbetrages in at least one of the memory areas ( 8 -i) of the first memory device.

21. A method for influencing functions of a mobile object with a device according to claim 18, comprising the method steps:

• a) detecting a condition in which certain functions of the mobile object are to be affected; and
• b) influencing the specific function of the mobile object by the control device ( 24 -i) for influencing functions of the mobile object.

22. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that when using a key device ( 20 ) in the memory areas ( 8 -i) of the memory device ( 8 ) of the first identification means ( 2 ) stored data and information at least partially automatically in corresponding memory areas ( 8 "-i) of the memory device ( 8 ") of the key device ( 20 ) or vice versa are transmitted.