DE19705965A1 - Scale removal from pipe systems carrying water - Google Patents
Scale removal from pipe systems carrying waterInfo
- Publication number
- DE19705965A1 DE19705965A1 DE1997105965 DE19705965A DE19705965A1 DE 19705965 A1 DE19705965 A1 DE 19705965A1 DE 1997105965 DE1997105965 DE 1997105965 DE 19705965 A DE19705965 A DE 19705965A DE 19705965 A1 DE19705965 A1 DE 19705965A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- water
- electrodes
- pipe systems
- pipe
- leads
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/4602—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for prevention or elimination of deposits
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Kesselsteinbildungen bzw. Kalkablagerungen in Rohrsystemen, industriellen Anlagen sowie in wasserverbrauchenden Haushaltsgeräten stellen immer noch ein großes Problem dar. Ein Verlust der Funktionstauglichkeit von Rohrleitungen und Absperrorganen sowie zu großer Energieaufwand für den Wassertransport, Verschlechterung des Wärmedurchgangs mit Minderung der Wirtschaftlichkeit bis hin zur Zerstörung der Anlagen seien einige beispielhaft zu nennende Schwierigkeiten. Seit Jahrzehnten werden auf dem Markt verstärkt "physikalische" Wasserbehandlungsgeräte angeboten, die Kalkinkrustationen in wasserführenden Systemen verringern und vermeiden sollen. Nach Angaben der Hersteller beruht die Wirkung solcher Geräte auf einem Einfluß elektrischer bzw. magnetischer Felder, welche eine Kristallisation verhindern sollen. Dabei sollen Vorgänge, die im Vorfeld einer Kalkabscheidung stattfinden, beeinflußt werden, so daß diese unterdrückt wird.Scale formation or limescale deposits in pipe systems, industrial plants and in water-consuming household appliances are still a major problem Loss of functionality of pipes and shut-off devices as well as too large Energy expenditure for water transport, deterioration of the heat transfer with Reductions in economy to the destruction of plants are some examples difficulties to be mentioned. The market has been strengthening for decades "physical" water treatment devices are offered that scale incrustations in reduce and avoid water-bearing systems. According to the manufacturer does the effect of such devices depend on the influence of electrical or magnetic fields, which are supposed to prevent crystallization. Operations that are carried out in advance of a Lime separation take place, are influenced so that this is suppressed.
Es existieren zahlreiche Veröffentlichungen und Erklärungsversuche, in denen über die Beeinflussung magnetischer Felder auf die Wasserstruktur, oder über den Einfluß elektromagnetischer Felder auf die Modifikation der gebildeten Kalkabscheidung berichtet wird. Dabei wird deutlich, daß weder in der Literatur noch in den technischen Unterlagen der Hersteller eine physikalisch oder chemisch nachvollziehbare Wirkungsweise der oben beschriebenen Wasserbehandlungsgeräte gegeben wird. Daher war eine wissenschaftliche Beurteilung und ein genereller Einsatz dieser Geräte bisher nicht gegeben.There are numerous publications and attempts to explain, in which about the Influencing magnetic fields on the water structure, or via the influence electromagnetic fields reported on the modification of the formed lime deposit becomes. It becomes clear that neither in the literature nor in the technical documents of the Manufacturer a physically or chemically understandable mode of action of the above described water treatment equipment is given. So it was scientific Assessment and general use of these devices has not yet been given.
Es wird ein verbessertes Verfahren zur Beseitigung von vorhandenen Kesselsteininkrustationen in Rohrleitungen, wasserverbrauchenden Haushaltsgeräten und industriellen Anlagen vorgeschlagen. Das dem verkalkten System vorgeschaltete Gerät besteht aus zwei elektrolytisch innerten Platinelektroden, oder aus zwei mit Rutheniumoxid beschichteten Titanelektroden, deren Abstand 10 mm beträgt; von den Elektroden dient eine als Kathode (1), die andere als Anode (2). Mit Hilfe einer Spannungsquelle (3) wird an die Elektroden eine kontinuierliche Gleichspannung von 6.0 bis 12.0 Volt angelegt. Die Kathode ist von einer, nur für Ionen und Wassermoleküle durchlässigen Membran (4) umgeben, um den entstehenden Wasserstoff abzuführen. Die Elektroden sind in ein zylindrisches Rohr (5) fest installiert, welches durch flachdichtende Verschraubungen (6) in ein verkalktes Rohrsystem eingebaut werden kann.An improved method for removing existing scale encrustations in pipelines, water-consuming household appliances and industrial plants is proposed. The device upstream of the calcified system consists of two electrolytically inner platinum electrodes, or of two titanium electrodes coated with ruthenium oxide, the spacing of which is 10 mm; one of the electrodes serves as a cathode ( 1 ), the other as an anode ( 2 ). With the help of a voltage source ( 3 ), a continuous DC voltage of 6.0 to 12.0 volts is applied to the electrodes. The cathode is surrounded by a membrane ( 4 ), which is only permeable to ions and water molecules, in order to remove the hydrogen formed. The electrodes are permanently installed in a cylindrical tube ( 5 ), which can be installed in a calcified tube system using flat sealing screw connections ( 6 ).
Durch die Elektrolyse wird das fließende Wasser in seine Bestandteile Wasserstoff und
Sauerstoff zerlegt. An der negativen Elektrode (Kathode) werden Protonen zu Wasserstoff
entladen und an der positiven Elektrode (Anode) wird Sauerstoff abgeschieden:
Electrolysis breaks down the flowing water into its hydrogen and oxygen components. Protons are discharged to hydrogen at the negative electrode (cathode) and oxygen is deposited at the positive electrode (anode):
Kathode: 2 H2O + 2 e⁻ → H2 + 2 OH⁻
Anode: 2 H2O → O2 + 4H⁺ + 4 e⁻
Cathode: 2 H 2 O + 2 e⁻ → H 2 + 2 OH⁻
Anode: 2 H 2 O → O 2 + 4H⁺ + 4 e⁻
Durch die Elektrolyse wird in kurzer Zeit die thermodynamisch stabile Calcitmodifikation
ausgefällt. Ursache für die beobachtete CaCO3-Abscheidung ist die kathodische OH⁻-Bildung,
wobei örtlich eine Kalkübersättigung des Wassers erreicht und Calcit abgeschieden wird:
The thermodynamically stable calcite modification is precipitated by the electrolysis in a short time. The cause of the observed CaCO 3 deposition is the cathodic formation of OH,, whereby locally a lime oversaturation of the water is achieved and calcite is deposited:
Ca2⁺ + HCO3- + OH⁻ ↔ CaCO3 + H2O
Ca 2 ⁺ + HCO 3 - + OH⁻ ↔ CaCO 3 + H 2 O
Bei den sich auf dem Markt befindlichen "elektrischen" Wasserbehandlungsanlagen werden folglich nicht, wie die Hersteller angeben, Kristallisationsvorgänge unterdrückt, sondern es tritt im "Wasserbehandlungsgerät" eine verstärkte CaCO3-Kristallkeimbildung auf. Folglich verringert sich die Ca2⁺-Ionenkonzentration in dem dem Wasserbehandlungsgerät folgenden Rohrsystem.As a result, crystallization processes are not suppressed in the "electrical" water treatment plants on the market, as the manufacturers state, but an increased CaCO 3 crystal nucleation occurs in the "water treatment device". Consequently, the Ca 2 ⁺ ion concentration in the pipe system following the water treatment device is reduced.
Der Prozeß der Kesselsteinbildung an Rohrinnenwänden verläuft wesentlich langsamer als die Calcitbildung durch die Elektrolyse. Weiterhin sind Kesselsteininkrustationen schlecht kristallisiert, oft amorph, oder sie bestehen aus der Aragonitmodifikation. Neben carbonatischen können, abhängig von der jeweiligen Wasserzusammensetzung, auch sulfatische, silicatische, oxidische und oxihydratische Ablagerungen auftreten. Solche Inkrustationen sind in mit CaCO3-gesättigtem Wasser oft leichter löslich als die durch das oben beschriebene Verfahren gebildeten gut kristallisierten und stabilen Calcitkristalle. Die Folge des erzeugten Ca2⁺-Konzentrationsgradienten wäre nun eine sich über einen längeren Zeitraum erstreckende Auflösung der bereits vorhandenen Kesselsteinablagerungen in Rohrsystemen und wasserverbrauchenden Anlagen.The process of scale formation on inner pipe walls is much slower than the calcite formation by electrolysis. In addition, scale incrustations are poorly crystallized, often amorphous, or consist of aragonite modification. In addition to carbonate, depending on the respective water composition, sulfate, silicate, oxidic and oxyhydrate deposits can also occur. Such incrustations are often more readily soluble in water saturated with CaCO 3 than the well-crystallized and stable calcite crystals formed by the process described above. The consequence of the Ca 2 ⁺ concentration gradient generated would be a prolonged dissolution of the existing scale deposits in pipe systems and water-consuming systems.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1997105965 DE19705965A1 (en) | 1997-02-17 | 1997-02-17 | Scale removal from pipe systems carrying water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1997105965 DE19705965A1 (en) | 1997-02-17 | 1997-02-17 | Scale removal from pipe systems carrying water |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19705965A1 true DE19705965A1 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
Family
ID=7820446
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1997105965 Withdrawn DE19705965A1 (en) | 1997-02-17 | 1997-02-17 | Scale removal from pipe systems carrying water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19705965A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1125895A1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-08-22 | CWW Vermögensverwaltungs GmbH | Process and device for scale prevention in water systems |
| GB2384536A (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2003-07-30 | V A Heating Ltd | Scale inhibiting apparatus |
| WO2025169242A1 (en) * | 2024-02-09 | 2025-08-14 | Senco Water Technologies Private Limited | A method, system and device for disintegration of hardness and scale forming molecules from hard water using non sacrificing electrodes and a method for collecting the scale particles for periodic disposal / removal |
-
1997
- 1997-02-17 DE DE1997105965 patent/DE19705965A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1125895A1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-08-22 | CWW Vermögensverwaltungs GmbH | Process and device for scale prevention in water systems |
| GB2384536A (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2003-07-30 | V A Heating Ltd | Scale inhibiting apparatus |
| GB2384536B (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2005-01-26 | V A Heating Ltd | Scale inhibiting apparatus |
| WO2025169242A1 (en) * | 2024-02-09 | 2025-08-14 | Senco Water Technologies Private Limited | A method, system and device for disintegration of hardness and scale forming molecules from hard water using non sacrificing electrodes and a method for collecting the scale particles for periodic disposal / removal |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| 8130 | Withdrawal |