DE19611001A1 - Access node, access network, telecommunication system using an access node and method for providing services from a service network to subscriber stations connected to the access network - Google Patents

Abstract

An access node, an access network and a telecommunication system is disclosed that allows an access network (AN) to be fully treated as black box. The subscriber stations (SS-1, SS-2, SS-4) as well as the service network (SN) are terminated on the termination boundary (TB) of the access network (AN), whilst the internal access nodes (AN1, AN2, AN3) contain special routing, broadcasting and switching capabilities, that allow all services arriving from the service network (SN) at the termination point (TP3) via a single connection line to be delivered to the individual subscriber stations (SS-1, SS-2, SS-4), without an identification being necessary as to which access node is connected to the very subscriber station that has requested services from the service network. The invention is particularly advantageous with V5-interfaces.

Description

The invention relates to an access node for use in an access network, an access network to provide a Data communication between at least one Subscriber station and at least one service network and one Telecommunications system comprising a number of Subscriber stations, a service network and an access network. The invention further relates to a method for Providing services from a service network one or more subscriber stations with one Access network are connected.

Access networks (also referred to as access coupling networks) now play an important role in providing efficient data communication between a number of subscriber stations. Such an access network is generally configured as shown in FIG. 11. A plurality of subscriber stations SS-1, SS-2, SS-3, SS-4 are each provided with an access node AN1, AN2, AN3, AN4 (also referred to as an access node) via a respective data communication or traffic path TRP1, TRP2, TRP3, TRP4 connected. As shown by the dotted line in Fig. 11, it is also possible to connect two subscriber stations SS-1, SS-5 with one and the same access node AN1. The access nodes AN1 to AN4 are connected to one another via traffic paths, and in the simplest case only to an adjacent access node, as indicated by the traffic path TRP12, whereby an access network AN is formed for the subscriber stations. As indicated by the dotted lines, each access node can of course be connected to several other access nodes. For example, each of the traffic paths TRP1, TRP2, TRP3, TRP4 will each use a 64 kbit / s channel of digital data in normal telephony, which is the result of digital decoding of the respective analog voice signal. To establish a connection between a subscriber station, e.g. B. SS-1, and the respective access node, e.g. B. AN1, the relevant access node AN1 must be able to interpret the signaling protocol used by the respective subscriber station SS-1. As soon as the connection has been established, data communication can take place. Such a signaling protocol or signaling format is schematically designated SS-F in FIG. 11. Furthermore, while Fig. 11 shows that all subscriber stations SS-1, SS-2, SS-3, SS-4 use the same signaling format SS-F, each subscriber station can in principle, depending on the resources of the respective access nodes AN1, AN2 , AN3, AN4, have a different signaling format according to their own resources. Within the access network AN, the data communication between two respective access nodes can use the same signaling format as that used by the subscriber stations, but in general data communication between the access nodes can also be different, ie the signaling format for the data communication can be freely selected depending on the requirement will.

The structure of such an access network as shown in FIG. 11 is very general and can be applied to both private and public networks, such as e.g. B. described in DE 42 30 561 A1. Such access networks are particularly advantageous since the subscriber stations themselves only need to know that they can connect to an access node, whereas they do not have to worry about how the data communication with regard to a number of subscriber stations is physically maintained within the access network. Thus, the access network can be treated as an abstract entity, as shown with the abstract border AB in FIG. 11.

The European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI) has now general guidelines, such as Access networks should be treated, e.g. B. in terms of Use of protocols, transmission systems and Error handling. This is for example in the reference [1] DTR / TM-2222 "The Management of Access Network", published by ETSI TM2 Access Network SEG, Copenhagen, 12-16. September 1994.

While in the past access networks only were used to enable subscriber stations Exchange data and / or talk to each other, enable more advanced telecommunications technologies the provision of additional services to the Subscriber stations. According to the definitions in the previously mentioned ETSI reference [1] include such  Service delivery functions all procedures, which are required to run a service or a To provide service to the participant. Such Additional services can include teletext, Video communication, etc., the z. B. by a additional ISDN connection can be provided.

Starting from an access network according to FIG. 11, FIG. 12a shows how these services are provided on the access network and thus on the subscriber stations by a service or service network SN. The service network SN can be a single local exchange or a number of interconnected local exchanges. The term "service network" is used in the following, but it should be pointed out that the term should be understood to include all such possibilities. A similar architecture is shown in the aforementioned DE 42 30 561 A1, in which a private network can provide data communication between subscribers and also some services, e.g. B. a call protocol system can provide to subscribers who are connected to a public network.

However, as shown in FIG. 12a, the service network SN can use its own signaling protocol or signaling format SN-F on its connection traffic path TRP-SN instead of using the signaling format SS-F of the subscriber stations. Therefore, the service network SN initially has no knowledge of which access node AN1, AN2 it can be connected to, i.e. whether it is the access node AN1 or the access node AN2 that has a termination point (indicated by the black dot in FIG. 12a) that its signaling format leads. In addition, and as shown in Fig. 12a, the traffic path TRP-SN used must be a line with a larger bandwidth than those lines which are used by the subscriber stations to transmit the services. Therefore, if the subscriber station SS-1 requests services in FIG. 12b, the access node AN1 must first be identified and checked whether it is designed to set up a signaling format which is used by the service network SN. If so, the line at the access node AN1 is terminated by building the signaling format on the traffic path TRP-SN. With this fixed connection of the traffic path TRP-SN, services can be provided at the subscriber station SS-1, the expression "providing services" of course transferring data to the subscriber station SS-1 and also receiving response data from the subscriber station SS- 1 includes. In this regard, it should also be noted that "subscriber station" here as a generic expression
is used, which includes not only a telephone, but also other devices such as a computer, a screen and an answering machine, etc.

If you Fig. 12b considered in which the subscriber SS-1, the service requested from the service network SN, the situation shown therein corresponds to the physical setup of an individual line between the service network SN and the subscriber station SS-1, namely, by the access node AN1 who can terminate or build the line. If one considers the fixed structure of the line as in FIG. 12b, this naturally leads to a significant disadvantage if the subscriber station SS-2 also requests services from the service network SN. If it is assumed in FIG. 12c that AN2 cannot support the signaling format and only the access node AN1 can be used for a connection of the service network SN, then the provision of services at the subscriber station SS-2 can only be established by the access node AN1. This is shown in Fig. 12c with dotted lines.

As long as the subscriber station SS-1, however, also Services requests the traffic path TRP-SN → TRP1 this traffic path is not used for other participants available. Then the connection is through AN1 for the other Subscriber SS-2 manufactured. Since no direct connection with AN2 can be manufactured, this concept is called "Virtual connection concept" called. Such a thing Virtual connection concept is also described in DE 42 30 561 A1 used to provide additional services at a number of To provide subscriber stations.

As shown schematically in FIG. 12d, the situation naturally worsens if there is another subscriber SS-4 who also requests services from the service network SN at the same time. In this case, two virtual connections VC₁, VC₂ must be made. Although such a virtual connection concept is also generally used in the field of ATM switching systems (see, for example, WO 94/09576), this leads to the essential disadvantage that not only the degree of abstraction of the access network, as produced in FIG. 11, is destroyed, but more importantly, the network resources are not used optimally.

As explained above, the service network SN itself formed by a number of different units be, for example, through a local exchange or several interconnected local ones Exchanges, provided that it is the required Provide services at the subscriber stations can. Nowadays, very sophisticated new service networks are supposed to an access network can be switched on, e.g. B. about a Service network interface (interface) such as V5.

The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) now has general guidelines and recommendations put together how such a V5 interface within should be configured in the environment of an access network. General and especially for two versions of the V5 Interface (namely the V5.1 interface and the V5.2 Interface), ETSI has the signaling protocols and Mediation procedures for a configuration of the V5 Interface standardized with respect to an access network. The following documents are for further information regarding the V5 interface: Reference [2] ETSI: Final Draft prETS 300 376-1: 1994; Signaling Protocols and Switching (PLC); Q3 Interface at the Access Network (AN) for configuration management of V5 interfaces and associated user ports; Reference [3] ETSI: DE / SPS-3003.1; Signaling Protocols and switching; V interfaces at the digital Local Exchange (LE); V5.1 interface for the support of Access Network (AN); Reference [4] ETSI: DE / SPS-3003.2; Signaling Protocols and Switching; V interfaces at the digital Local Exchange (LE); V5.2 interface for the support of Access Network (AN); and Reference [5] DIAX Telecommunications: 9402803D011; Operation’s Guide; DIAmuX.  

FIG. 13, which is analogous to FIG. 12, describes the procedure when a V5 interface is set up between a local exchange LE, SN and an access network AN. Again, while Fig. 13a shows the abstract treatment of the access network, demonstrating Fig. 13b and Fig. 13c, the problem that it is necessary to determine where the V5 interface should be completed or completed on the AN-side, that the access node to identify on which the V5 protocol can be interpreted. As shown in FIG. 13b, subscribers SS-1, SS-2, SS-3, SS-4 are connected to their respective access nodes within the access network AN, while access nodes AN1, AN2 are indirectly connected to the central switching center LE via the access node AN3 which serves as an entry point into the access network (such a configuration can be found, for example, in reference [5]).

Again, the problem arises of how the V5 subscriber services are managed on the network management layer (Network Management Layer), ie how the V5 interface protocols are structured on the access network (see FIG. 13a).

If at this point no distinction is made between the specific features of the V5.1 interface and the V5.2 interface, generally and as shown in Figure 11 the access network topology can be quite complex and it is not always obvious how and where the V5 interfaces can be set up to provide services at the subscriber stations. Even if one uses the most recent literature, for example in reference [2], the standards regarding the problem in Fig. 13a are rather vague regarding the definition of the object class "access network", so that no clear guidelines are currently available like the V5 interfaces to be set up on access networks.

As demonstrated in FIGS. 13c, 13d, depending on the location of the subscriber requesting the V5-supported service, the access node AN1 is identified within the access network AN to which the subscriber is connected. If V5 interfaces can be set up on this access node, this node AN1 is used directly to provide the subscriber service. In the case of the V5-supported service, this connection will be a single 2Mbit / s line.

However, if the V5 interfaces have not yet been set up on the access node AN2, the virtual 2Mbit / s connection from the local exchange to the access node AN1 must be set up and configured for the special V5 interface signaling protocol. For example, in FIG. 13e the subscriber SS-2 has also requested a V5-supported service, but no V5 interface has previously been set up on its respective access node AN2. Then the access nodes AN1, AN2 have both been designed to terminate 2Mbit / s connections from local exchanges, but in the case of access node AN1 the 2Mbit / s connection from the local exchange is not terminated in AN1 itself, but instead branches instead enable the 2Mbit / s connection to be terminated in the access node AN2 (2Mbit / s connections are used between AN1, AN2 (see also reference [2]).

Therefore, using the access node AN1 as a transport access node and AN2 as the ultimate destination access node, it is possible to establish a virtual 2 Mbit / s connection between the local exchange LE and the access node AN2, so that the V5 interface at the access node AN2 can be terminated, which enables the subscriber station SS-2 to be provided with services which are managed by the V5 interface (iB base rate ISDN-BA). If of course. If there are several subscribers, as shown in FIG. 12d, the situation becomes even worse, also for the V5 interface connections, since individual virtual connections have to be set up with each target access node. Thus, the following disadvantages can be summarized in general and in particular for the V5 interface:

• 1. The level of abstraction of the access network must be broken as it is not possible to avoid getting into that Access network to look at when the service network Interface (e.g. the V5 interface) becomes;
• 2. The use of the access network resources is not optimal because the service network interfaces (e.g. the V5 interfaces) on all access nodes must connect the subscriber stations that Request services, creating virtual Connections are necessary.

For example, in Fig. 13e, if the two subscriber stations SS-1 and SS-2 both requested the V5-supported services, e.g. B. the base rate ISDN, then two separate 2Mbit / s connections must inevitably be established between the local exchange and the access node AN1 in order to support two different V5 interfaces, one terminated at the access node AN1 and the other terminated at the access node AN2 is. However, in terms of capacity and resource usage reasons, it would of course be better if only a 2 Mbit / s connection between the local exchange and one of the access nodes within the access network AN had to be established in order to provide services to both subscribers SS-1 and SS-2 at the same time to provide.

Therefore, it is the object of the present invention, one Access node, an access network, a Telecommunication system and a method for provisioning of services at subscriber stations Access network to provide the optimal use of the Capacity and resources of the access network enable without the abstraction level of the access network to destroy.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a Access node (claim 1) for use in a Access network with which a subscriber traffic path or a service network traffic path at least one Subscriber station and at least one service network, which Provides services for the subscriber stations connected, comprising:

• a) a front-end translator to interpret one Signaling format used by the at least one Service network and / or at least one Subscriber station used for data communications becomes; and  
• b) a transceiver for transmitting / receiving the Services to / from the front-end translator and to send / receive the services to / from at least one / another access node of the Access network and / or to / from at least one connected subscriber station via a respective Traffic path.

According to the invention, this object is also achieved by a Access network (claim 14) for providing a Data communication between at least one Subscriber station and at least one service network, which Provides services for the subscriber stations the at least one subscriber station and the at least one service network are designed to Data communications each using a specific signaling format, comprising:

• a) a closing margin with closing points for a Connection of the at least one subscriber station and of the at least one service network via a respective one Subscriber station traffic path or a service network Traffic path are laid out;
• b) where the termination points each with an inner Access node within the closing margin via a respective traffic path are connected; and
• c) the access nodes with each other via a respective Traffic path are connected; and  
• d) where each access node is constructed as indicated above is.

According to the invention, this object is also achieved by a A telecommunications system (claim 31) comprising a number of subscriber stations and a service network that over respective subscriber station traffic paths and one Service network traffic path with a respective termination point an access network as specified above.

According to the invention, this object is further achieved by a method (claim 36) for providing Services from a service network to one or more Subscriber stations with an access network as above are connected, comprising the following steps:

• a) Connect the service network with a termination point of the Access network that the service network Signaling format supported, via a Service network traffic path;
• b) Setting up the service network with his Signaling format in the front end translator of the Access node, which makes the access node of the Entry access node for the service network in the Access network will;
• c) sending one or a number of services for one or more subscriber stations that the Have requested services through the affiliate Service traffic path from the service network to the Entry access node; and  
• d) receiving the services at the entry Access node;
• e) where the entry access node and each of the others connected access node the received Services to other connected access nodes or to the subscriber stations that the Have branched and requested services toggles.

Since in the above procedure, the telecommunication system and the Access network the access nodes with the front end Translators and the transceiver are provided, can service network interfaces on the edge of complex Access network interfaces are terminated. This makes it easier a flexible and even structure of service network Interfaces on access networks, regardless of how complex whose inner topology is. That's why it can Access network as a real black box unit (black Box unit) are handled without any Need to look into the access network structure if the service network is established. It is only necessary to the closing or ending point on the closing edge who supports the service network interface and only a single line must be connected to this termination point , whereas everyone with the access network connected subscriber services from the service network can request, and at the same time, as needed. Since no virtual concept is used, Access networks configured with such access nodes are treated as real black boxes to be connected to other access networks with the same Functionality to be connected. Another advantage lies  in that the entire structure also applies to the service network itself can be applied so that access and service network Topology can be interconnected by only the black boxes at the end of each other get connected.

According to one aspect (claim 2) of the invention with respect to the Access node, it is advantageous if the front end Translator is designed; to the signaling format of the Service network and the signaling format of the Interpret subscriber stations.

According to another aspect (claim 3) of the invention regarding the access node, it is advantageous if the Front-end translator is designed to be a participant Traffic path with a bandwidth of 2Mbit / s or 64kbit / s and / or a 2Mbit / s service network traffic path complete when using a V5 network interface becomes.

According to another aspect (claim 4) of the invention regarding the access node, it is advantageous if the Transceiver is designed to run simultaneously Services from the service network traffic path as one respective number of separate circuit connections received, each having a specific bandwidth.

According to another aspect (claim 5) of the invention regarding the access node, it is advantageous if Transceiver the services on the Receives circuit connections and services respective circuit connections on the traffic paths that  with the other access nodes and / or subscriber stations are dynamically assigned.

According to another aspect (claim 6) of the invention regarding the access node, it is advantageous if the Circuit connections to / from the Subscriber stations are sent / received, respectively Occupy 64kbit / s.

According to another aspect (claim 7) of the invention regarding the access node, it is advantageous if the services provided by the service network for the Subscriber stations each have one or more of the 64kbit / s Occupy circuit connections.

According to another aspect (claim 8) of the invention regarding the access node, it is advantageous if Communication data of the services on 64kbit / s channels on B channels and signaling data of the services on 16kbit / s D channels if the Service basic rate ISDN is.

According to another aspect (claim 9) of the invention regarding the access node, it is advantageous if the Front end translators a number of carrier channels for Communication data and a number of communication channels for signaling data received.

According to another aspect (claim 10) of the invention regarding the access node, it is advantageous if the Transceiver is designed to a respective Sub-number of carrier channels and all of the Communication channels to connected other access nodes or  Switch subscriber stations over the traffic paths and redirect.

According to another aspect (claim 11) of the invention regarding the access node, it is advantageous if the Transceiver the signaling data on the Communication channels examined and the communication channels sent to their connected access nodes.

According to another aspect (claim 12) of the invention regarding the access node, it is advantageous if the Transceiver the signaling data on the Communication channels examined and the communication channels branches to other connected access nodes.

According to another aspect (claim 13) of the invention regarding the access node, it is advantageous if the Transceiver a branching Switching device includes the received signaling data examined on the communication channels, free channels on the traffic paths leading to other connected access nodes or run subscriber stations, dials and then the channels dynamically connects.

According to a further aspect (claim 15) of the invention regarding the access network, it is advantageous if everyone Front end translators in the access nodes all Signaling formats interpreted by the Subscriber stations and the service networks are used each subscriber station and each service network with one any of the termination points can be connected.  

According to a further aspect (claim 16) of the invention with regard to the access network, it is advantageous if the Termination points one termination point port each Wear connection table that shows which Signaling formats from the respective termination points be treated.

According to a further aspect (claim 17) of the invention with regard to the access network, it is advantageous if the Termination point to which the service network is connected, one Supported bandwidth of 2Mbit / s and each termination point, with which the subscriber stations are connected, one Support bandwidth of 64Mbit / s or 2Mbit / s.

According to a further aspect (claim 18) of the invention regarding the access network, it is advantageous if that Service network is designed to provide the services on the Service network traffic path as a respective number of to provide separate circuit connections, each has a specific bandwidth.

According to a further aspect (claim 19) of the invention with regard to the access network, it is advantageous if Transceiver the services on the Receives circuit connections and services respective circuit connections on internal traffic paths between the access node and other access nodes or on respective circuit connections on one Subscriber station traffic path starting with a Subscriber station are connected, assigns dynamically.

According to another aspect (claim 20) of the invention with regard to the access network, it is advantageous if the  Circuit connections to / from the Subscriber stations are sent / received, one each Occupy bandwidth of 64kbit / s.

According to a further aspect (claim 21) of the invention with regard to the access network, it is advantageous if the Services provided by the service network for the Subscriber stations are provided, one or each several of the 64kbit / s circuit connections occupy.

According to a further aspect (claim 22) of the invention regarding the access network, it is advantageous if that Service network communication data of the services Provides 64kbit / s channels on B channels and Signaling data of the services on 16kbit / s D channels if the service is based on basic rates ISDN is.

According to a further aspect (claim 23) of the invention regarding the access network, it is advantageous if that Service network is a local exchange that is connected to the Access network via a V5 interface or a VB5 Broadband interface is connected.

According to a further aspect (claim 24) of the invention with regard to the access network, it is advantageous if the V5 interface a V5.1 interface or a V5.2 Interface is.

According to a further aspect (claim 25) of the invention with regard to the access network, it is advantageous if a the services are V5 or VB5 supported Service is, e.g. B. ISDN, or POTS (plain old telephone  service or conventional telephone service) or one Leased line service is.

According to a further aspect (claim 26) of the invention regarding the access network, it is advantageous if that Service network a number of carrier channels for Communication data and a number of communication channels assigned for signaling data.

According to a further aspect (claim 27) of the invention with regard to the access network, it is advantageous if the V5 interface n × 31 time slots for one Transmission / reception used.

According to a further aspect (claim 28) of the invention regarding the access network, it is advantageous if that Base rate ISDN 2 carrier channels for communication data and 1 up to 3 communication channels for signaling data used when a V5 interface is used.

According to a further aspect (claim 29) of the invention with regard to the access network, it is advantageous if the V5.1 interface a static assignment on carrier channels used and the V5.2 interface a dynamic Assignment of carrier channels used.

According to a further aspect (claim 30) of the invention with regard to the access network, it is advantageous if the Access nodes are designed for switching and redirection a respective sub-number of carrier channels and all Communication channels to connected other access nodes or subscriber stations.  

According to yet another aspect (claim 32) of the invention with regard to the telecommunication system, it is advantageous if one or more other access networks with the Access network and / or the service network are connected.

According to yet another aspect (claim 33) of the invention with regard to the telecommunication system, it is advantageous if one or more other service networks with the Access network and / or the service network are connected.

According to yet another aspect (claim 34) of the invention with regard to the telecommunication system, it is advantageous if the one or more service networks and / or that one or more access networks at their termination points are connected to each other on the edges.

According to yet another aspect (claim 35) of the invention with regard to the telecommunication system, it is advantageous if two or more of the interconnected Access networks connected in a generalized access network are, which has a closing edge on which Termination points of the access and / or service networks as generalized completion points are completed.

According to yet another aspect (claim 37) of the invention regarding the procedure, it is advantageous if that Service network the services on the service network Traffic path as a number of carrier channels and Provides communication channels, and the access nodes received signaling data Examine communication channels, free channels on the Traffic paths leading to other access nodes and / or  Participant stations guide, dial and the channels dynamically connect.

According to yet another aspect (claim 38) of the invention regarding the procedure, it is advantageous if the sending of channels from the service network to the access network and the Transmission / reception of the channels between the access nodes performed using time division multiplexing becomes.

Embodiments of the invention are set out below Described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The drawings show:

FIG. 1 is a diagram according to the invention the treatment of the access network as a black box with termination points TP on the terminal edge TB;

FIG. 2a is a diagram showing an access node, an access network and a telecommunication system according to a first embodiment of the invention;

Figure 2b is a diagram showing a front end translator FET and a transmitter / receiver TR-SR according to the first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3a is a diagram showing an access node, an access network and a telecommunication system according to a second embodiment of the invention;

Figure 3b is a diagram showing a front end translator FET and a transmitter / receiver TR-SR according to the second embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3c is a diagram can be showing how the subscriber stations SS-1, SS-2 and the service network SN with any termination point according to the second embodiment of the invention connected;

Fig. 3d is a diagram showing a termination point port connection list according to the second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the method of providing services to the subscriber stations SS-1, SS-2, SS-4 by using a switch and routing of channels in the respective access nodes AN1, AN2, AN3;

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of an access node, an access network and a telecommunications system, when a V5 interface to the terminal edge TB is set up;

FIG. 6a is a diagram showing the transmission of signaling information for a configuration of a V5.1 interface if all the subscriber stations SS-1, SS-2, SS-3, SS-4, SS 5 each basic rate ISDN-BA have requested from the local exchange LE, SN;

Fig. 6b, 6c, taken together, a flow chart describing the switching and Weglenken of bearer channels and communication channels in accordance with an embodiment of the method for providing services to subscriber stations, specifically when applied to the in Fig. Structure of the V5.1 interface shown 6a ;

Fig. 7, when all the subscriber stations SS basic rate ISDN-BA of the V5.1 interface to request a diagram showing the routing of signaling information;

Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the switching of bearer channels BC and CC communication channels to access node for a V5.2 interface;

. Fig. 9 is a diagram-1 showing an extended SN network topology using black box networks AN-1, AN-2, respectively as in Figure 1 configured in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the regrouping of networks to form a generalized "black box"("blackbox") network with a new terminating edge TB 'according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 11 is a diagram showing a conventional access network;

Fig. 12a is a diagram showing the problem in connecting a service network SN to an access network according to Fig. 11;

Figure 12b is a diagram showing a fixed connection set up of the service network with the access node AN1.

Figure 12c is a diagram showing the concept of virtual connection if both subscriber SS-1, SS-2 services of the service network SN has requested.

Fig. 12d is a diagram showing the problems of a virtual connection, if three subscriber stations have requested services from the service network at the same time;

13A is a diagram showing the problem when a V5 interface is based on an access network in a conventional manner.

Figure 13b is a diagram showing the connection of the local exchange to the access network.

Figure 13c is a diagram showing the configuration of the V5 interface at the access node AN1. and

Fig. 13d, 13e are diagrams respectively showing the interconnections and branching of the V5 interface, if one or two subscriber SS-1, SS-2 have simultaneously requested a V5 supported service.

In the following, the same reference symbols as in FIGS . 11 to 13 described above are used to designate the same or similar parts.

The general concept of the invention is shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, in contrast to, for example, FIG. 12b, the service network SN is now closed on the edge TB of the access network, regardless of how complex the access network is. The termination edge comprises a number of termination points TP1, TP2, TP3, at which the respective traffic paths TRP1, TRP2, TRP3 are terminated. If such a concept is used, then the access network can be treated as a real black box. Of course, there must be "visibility" of the termination points on the termination edge TB, ie in the simplest case in which all subscribers have the same signaling format SS-F and the service network SN uses a different signaling format SN-F, the termination points must have an identifier or Bear the flag, which indicates that the service network or the subscriber stations can be attached or terminated at the termination point identified in this way. However, the advantage with this approach is obvious, namely that no further knowledge of the internal structure of the access network resources is required.

First embodiment

Figures 2a, 2b generally show the internal functionalities that allow this access network to be treated as a real black box. As shown in FIG. 2a, an access node AN3 has been identified that supports the signaling format SN-F of the service network SN. The subscriber stations SS-1, SS-2, SS-4 are each terminated at the termination points TP1, TP2, TP4 with their respective traffic paths TRP1, TRP2, TRP4. The termination points are each connected to the access nodes AN1, AN2, AN3, it being possible to connect more than one termination point to an access node, as indicated by the dotted lines. For the sake of simplicity, the internal connection of the nodes of the access network is shown such that they are only connected to the neighboring access node via a respective traffic path TRP31, TPR21. However, if there are multiple access nodes in the access network, the connection among each other can be arbitrary, as shown in FIG. 11. It should be noted, however, that despite the fact that all subscriber stations SS-1, SS-2, SS-4 can request services from the service network SN at the same time, only a single individual line between the service network SN and the access node AN3 via the termination point TP3 is built.

FIG. 2b shows the internal structure of the access node (access node) in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention. The access node AN3 contains a front end translator that can interpret the interface signaling protocol SN-F from the service network SN (or, if necessary, from a connected subscriber station in a termination point TP4). The front-end translator FET interprets the signaling format SN-F and provides the internal signaling format IN-F, which is required to establish communication with the other internal access nodes AN1, AN2. This inner signaling format IN-F can be set as required. The access node AN3 also includes a transceiver TR-SR that receives and transmits the services from the other connected access node AN1 (or other connected access nodes or termination points, as shown with the dotted lines). Since the access nodes are configured as shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b so that they are each designed to interpret the required signaling protocol SS-F, SN-F and comprise a respective transceiver, services can be provided for all connected subscriber stations SS-1 , SS-2, SS-4 are simultaneously provided on the individual traffic path TRP3, while the access nodes AN3, AN1, AN2 each route or branch and switch the services. That is, the access node AN3 (at whose front end translator FET the service network signaling format has been set up) receives all services from the service network SN, takes out the requested service for the subscriber station SS-4 and switches the rest of the services via the traffic path TRP31 at the adjacent access node AN1 (all of this is carried out by the transceiver TR-SR).

The access node AN1 in turn receives the remaining ones Services and directs services provided by the Subscriber station SS-1 were requested to the Subscriber station SS-1, whereas he the rest Services to the access node AN2 who again the services for the subscriber station SS-2 to the subscriber station SS-2. Based on such internal switching and routing functions can do that Access network are treated as a black box and maintains its level of abstraction provided that the Termination point an identifier or an indication regarding the Fact carries which signaling format on which respective connected access node can be interpreted can.

Second embodiment

FIGS. 3a, 3b show a substantially similar structure as that shown in Fig. 2a, 2b, however, each access node AN1, AN2, AN3 the possibility of an interpretation of all signaling formats SS-F, F-SN on. As shown in Fig. 3b, the front end translator according to the second embodiment is now configured to interpret both signaling formats SN-F, SS-F and to convert them into an internal signaling format IN-F. The switching and routing functions of the transceivers are equivalent to those in FIGS. 2a, 2b. In an access network with access nodes as shown in Fig. 3a, however, there is no need for the termination points to have a specific indication of what signaling format can be interpreted.

This means, as shown in Fig. 3c, that there is a complete black box treatment of the access network, which means that the subscriber stations SS-1, SS-2 and the service network SN have any termination point TP1, TP2, TP3 the end edge TB can be connected (as shown schematically with the dashed lines in Fig. 3c). Of course, in general each subscriber station SS-1, SS-2 can even use a different signaling format SS-F or even be designed to use one of a multiplicity of signaling formats SS-F. Likewise, the service network can be configured to use one or more of the signaling formats. Accordingly, the front-end translator is designed to include the signaling formats used by the service network and the subscriber stations, respectively.

As shown in Fig. 3d, the termination point, ie the physical port of the (abstract) termination edge TB, can maintain a termination point-port connection list TPCL which indicates what kind of protocols are available at this termination point. However, with the switching and routing functions of the individual access nodes AN1, AN2, AN3, it is not necessary in any case to have any knowledge of the internal structure of the access network.

Fig. 4 shows a method for switching and routing of the individual services, and this is carried out by the transmitting / receiving means in each access node. In Fig. 4 it is assumed (as in Fig. 3a) that the access nodes only carry the respective signaling format which is required by the connected subscriber station SS-1, SS-2 or the service network SN.

As already indicated in FIG. 3a, there is a connection between the service network SN and the access node AN3, which supports a specific bandwidth of x Mbit / s. This bandwidth can be a number of circuit connections (in this context a circuit connection is regarded as an individual connection between the service network and the subscriber who requested a service, e.g. the entire route from SN to SS-2 via AN3 → AN1 → AN2 in Fig. 4) lead z. B. consist of channels with specific bandwidths n₁, n₄, n₂, n _c , as indicated in Fig. 4. Of course, the termination point TP3 can support this bandwidth. The services that are to be provided in each case at the subscriber stations are each transmitted on one or more channels SS-1 CH, SS-4 CH, SS-2 CH. Furthermore, one or more channels C-CH are of course also provided for the communication data, ie for the exchange of signaling information.

In Fig. 4, subscriber station SS-1 has requested, as an example, a service that requires three channels, subscriber station SS-2 has requested service that requires two channels, and subscriber station SS-4 has requested service that only one Channel required. In this case, the termination points TP4, TP1, TP2 are each designed to support at least the required bandwidth, as indicated in FIG. 4. Since two communication channels C-CH are used in FIG. 4, two communication channels are switched over and routed through the access node AN1 to the access node AN2. Therefore, the displayed traffic paths TRP31, TRP12 each have the minimum bandwidth that is shown in FIG. 4. Of course, they can provide a wider range.

While generally carrier channels SS-1 CM, SS-4 CM, SS-2 CM and C-CM with different bandwidth in one Time division multiplexing can be used Channels are usually of the same bandwidth. It is not required to have a specific fixed Time relationship between the input channels on the Entry traffic path to the access node AN3 and the respective inner traffic path TRP31 or the traffic path to the termination point TP4 provided that the access node AN3 the required switching and Directing away the right channels from the Service network. This means that the access node AN3 the channels from its input to its output Traffic path dynamically selected and assigned. Be the same the access nodes AN1, AN2 the dynamic assignment of Carry out channels until all service channels are connected to the Subscriber station, services requested by the service network.

The advantage of using a transceiver for switching and directing the individual channels sure that the level of abstraction of the access network is not gets destroyed; that is, there is neither Need to access the specific node identify who with the particular subscriber station connected, which requests services, still exists any need to make virtual connections. Therefore, there is a single connecting line between the Service network and the respective access node (who the  Service network interface protocol can interpret) sufficient and still all subscriber stations can Services are provided, provided that the Total bandwidth of required channels is the bandwidth of the Traffic path between the service network and the respective one Access node does not exceed.

Third embodiment

While the solution proposed above is very general and does not relate to the use of any specific interface or protocol format, the following describes how the problems in building a V5 interface (see Figures 12, 13 discussed above) are discussed below Using a concept can be solved, which is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

In turn is connected in Fig. 5, the V5 interface at the edge of the access network AN, while the access node AN1 to AN4 having specific functionalities, as described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. The V5 interface is terminated at the termination point TP6, which uses a 2 Mbit / s bandwidth. Of course, all 2 Mbit / s access node termination points that are directed to the service network are visible on the termination edge TB of the access network AN. Visibility in turn means (as already discussed with reference to FIGS. 1, 2) that it is known which access node or which front-end translator can interpret the V5 interface protocol. When viewed from FIG. 5, this means that all 2 Mbit / s termination points for SN-interface structure of the access node AN1 (the ingress access node in the access network) outside of the access network are known.

Likewise, this applies to all other termination points TP1, TP2, TP3, TP4, TP5 (which can be regarded as the exit nodes from the access network with regard to the provision of services at the subscriber stations) and also for such termination points that interface with others Form access networks (see Fig. 9). All descriptions which have been carried out for the termination points TP1-TP6, which form an interface for subscribers SS-1 to SS-5 and for the local exchange LE in FIG. 5, can therefore be applied in a similar manner to such termination points which have a Form an interface for another access network AN-2 or a service network SN-1 in FIG. 9.

As already discussed in FIG. 4, the traffic paths between the individual subscriber stations SS-1, SS-2, SS-3, SS-4, SS-5 provide the minimum bandwidth that is required for the respective service (n × 64bkit / s ) is needed. If leased lines are used by other companies, these traffic paths can of course also provide 2Mbit / s, since leased lines are only calculated for the period in which they are occupied by data. Again, for illustration purposes, access nodes AN1 through AN4 are connected to an adjacent access node as an example only, while the general connection configuration of FIG. 11 can be used.

Using the 2 Mbit / s termination points TP, which form interfaces for the service network, on the termination edge TB, the service network can now be connected via an interface in a conventional manner. In Fig. 5, this means that the V5 interface is actually terminated again at the access node AN1, but this is transparent outside the access node.

The following is the switching and routing of channels described for the V5.1 and V5.2 interfaces, however switching and routing is similar in that both allow access networks to be treated as black boxes can be used if the V5 interfaces are set up.

V5.1 solution

In Fig. 6a, the V5.1 interface is connected to a respective termination point TP6 on the edge or finished, which is in turn connected to the ingress access node AN1. For example, it is assumed that all subscriber stations have requested base rate ISDN services on their systems. In this case, each such service that is to be provided at the respective subscriber station requires two carrier channels BC (which carry the user data, such as the channels SS-1 CH, SS-4 CH, SS-2 CH in FIG. 4), e.g. . B. 64kbit / s (z. B. on B channels) and two communication channels CC (which carry the signaling information, such as the channels C-CH in Fig. 4), the z. B. 16kbit / s each (e.g. a D channel). The communication channels and the carrier channels are each designated CC, BC in FIG. 6a.

If five subscriber stations simultaneously use the base rate Request ISDN, then ten carrier channels and two Communication channels needed, the communication channels used for the exchange of signaling information and the carrier channels the communication data for the Lead service. Overall, the bandwidth required  in this case 10 × 64kbit / s + 2 × 64kbit / s = 768kbit / s what at the termination point of 2Mbit / s, at which the V5.1- Interface is built, can be easily supported (in a V5 interface, the communication channel Bandwidth 64kbit / s).

In fact, the V5 interface uses n × 31 carrier channels with 64 kbit / s, which leads to a total bandwidth of 1984 kbit / s (for a V5.1 interface, n = 1), which can be done entirely at said termination point. While the number of carrier channels (e.g. 10 for 5 subscriber stations) is fixed and depends on the V5.1 interface configuration selected, 1, 2 or 3 64 kbit / s communication channels can be used for signaling. In Fig. 6a two communication channels CC are used.

Referring to Fig. 6b, 6c, which together show a flow chart which refers to the switching and over- or emission of channels in Fig. 6a, the method is referred to a provision of services to each subscriber station in a V5. 1- Interface configuration described. First, after starting the procedure in step S1, the service network (here a local exchange LE) is connected to the termination point TP6 via the network interface in step S2. In connection step S2, the front-end translator FET of the access node AN1 will set up a signaling format or protocol which is used by the V5.1 interface. In step S3, all subscriber stations request the V5-supported services. Therefore, in step S4 the 10 64 kbit / s carrier channels CC and (in the case shown) two communication channels CC are assigned and then transmitted to the access node AN1 in step SS.

In step S6, it is determined whether the subscriber station SS-1 has requested a service and, if so, the access node AN1 will use this information to to route the ISDN service to subscriber SS-1, d. H. the Switch over and redirect ISDN service. That is, the Access node AN1 takes two carrier channels BC in step S7 out, d. H. it assigns channels to the incoming channels Traffic path between AN1 and the subscriber station SS-1 too. In step S8, the subscriber station SS-1 can now use the ISDN Use service, sending / receiving of data on which two carrier channels will take place.

If it is detected in step S9 in node AN1 that the Subscriber station SS-5 has requested an ISDN service, then again two in steps S10, S11, S12 Carrier channels for the subscriber stations SS-5 removed and the two communication channels are in turn for one Signaling used. AN4 in step S11 transmits the after two carrier channels BC to the subscriber station SS-5 he also received the two communication channels. The other channels (in this case 6 carrier channels and 2 Communication channels) are at the access node AN2 in the Transfer step S13.

The access node AN2 is again in step S14 check whether the subscriber station SS-2 is an ISDN Has done the request, and if so, will be again two carrier channels BC removed and the Transmission / reception takes place in steps S15, S16 instead of. The remaining channels (now 4 carrier channels and 2  Communication channels) are sent to the in step S17 Access node AN3 transmitted, the one in step S18, S21 Checks whether the subscriber stations SS-3, SS-4 have requested the ISDN service. If it's like that, again finds the removal of channels and the Transmission / reception in steps S19, S20 (for the Subscriber station SS-3) and in steps S22, S23 (for the subscriber station SS-4) takes place before the procedure in Step S24 comes to an end.

While all services on the V5.1 interface are provided, there is a selection and Transmission of carrier channels in the internal structure of the Access network held until the last subscriber station, the has requested a service with the requested Service has been provided. This will ensures that the carrier channels are at their correct Arrive at destination.

The signaling information on the communication channels is required by the access nodes in order to handle the subscriber services. In FIG. 6a, the access node AN1 obviously recognizes the two communication channels on the V5.1 interface. These two communication channels contain the complete signaling information that is required by all subscriber services on the V5.1 interface. The access node AN1 therefore has the choice of either examining the signaling information and "branching" it to the relevant access node AN2, AN4 (see FIG. 7) or "transmitting" it to the access node AN2, AN4, which is shown in FIG. 6a is carried out. As a result, the access node AN2 will in turn send the signaling information to the access node AN3. As a result, all access nodes within the access network receive exactly the same signaling information, although parts of this information or the overall information cannot apply to them. However, it is ensured that all access nodes receive their respective signaling information via the two communication channels CC that are used for the signaling information.

As shown in Fig. 6a, the transmission of signaling information is indeed possible for most practical applications, but it can have the undesirable effect that signaling information occupies too many time slot channels on the signaling paths between the individual access nodes. As shown in Fig. 6a, the two communication channels CC are always sent to the neighboring access node, although this access node may not need the complete signaling information. This increases the bandwidth requirements.

Fig. 7 uses the principle that the access nodes examine the received signaling information on the communication channels CC and then route it to the relevant access node. That is, the access node AN1 will examine what signaling information is required by the access node AN4 and will only redirect this channel, while the rest of the communication channel is routed to the other access node AN2. In this case, steps S6, S7; S9, S10; S14, S15; S18, S19; S21, S22 in FIGS. 6b, 6c changed so that they contain the examination of the communication channel and only lead to the respective access node signaling information that is required there.

V5.2 solution

The establishment of a V5.2 interface on the access network does not differ significantly from the V5.1 case. Instead of a fixed allocation of time slots to use the bandwidth uses the V5.2 interface dynamic time slot allocation (see references [2] to [5]) and therefore the access nodes have to be sophisticated Transmission / reception possibilities lead to ensure that all carrier and signaling data is on their correct destinations in the access network, d. H. to the respective access nodes arrive. A dynamic assignment of time slots in this context means that the Access nodes cannot rely on the fact that the individual channels always the same slot position in the Own bandwidth.

As in the V5.1 case, the V5.2 interface is connected or terminated at a termination point TP6, ie at the access node AN1 (see FIG. 8). Since the V5.2 interface uses a dynamic time slot allocation, the access node AN1 must now examine its received signaling information on the communication channels CC in order to correctly route (ie to branch) the carrier and signaling data to the other access nodes AN2, AN4.

In this case, and as shown schematically in Fig. 8, the access node AN1 (and also the access nodes AN2, AN3) must examine the signaling information for the communication channels CC to determine which to route to the access nodes AN4 and AN2 (in the case of the access node AN1) are. Thus, a switching device is installed in the access node, which examines the received signaling information on the communication channels, selects free channels on the grouped and subordinate side for data transmission and can then dynamically connect these channels. In this way, carrier and signaling data are routed to their correct destination in the access network, very similar to the V5.1 case, as shown in FIGS. 6, 7. While, of course, the examination of signaling information in this way is more complicated than the simple branching or transmission of signaling information (as in FIGS. 6, 7), the advantage of such a dynamic time slot channel assignment is also that there is no fixed connection on each of the signaling paths between the individual access nodes AN1-AN2, AN2-AN3, AN1-AN4.

While the branching and switching of channels has been described in Figures 6, 7, 8 for an illustrative example with reference to the V5 interface, it should be noted that this concept is generally applicable to any service network interface, provided that it provides its services on a timeslot channel basis, available e.g. B. by a TDM method (time division multiplex method) or another channel multiplexing method.

Fourth embodiment

For each of the V5.1 interfaces and V5.2 interfaces, a solution for treating the access network as a complete black box, as described with reference to FIG. 1, has been presented. As long as the internal access nodes have the special switching, routing and transmission options in combination with the interpretation of the signaling format, this allows a flexible setup of V5 interfaces on complex access network topologies.

Thus the level of abstraction of the access network is not broken because the interfaces can be set up without looking into the access network. This allows one higher level of abstraction for network management. The Use of operating functions of the access network is optimal, d. H. Carrier and signaling information is Channels only on a minimum set of 2Mbit / s Take transmission means.

The handling of access networks, which comprise access nodes as described above, allows a flexible construction of telecommunication systems, as shown in FIG. 9. Provided that the level of abstraction of the respective networks is not breached, the access networks or service networks can be freely and flexibly interconnected without looking into the internal structure of the access network itself. The only thing that is required is that the termination point on the edge carry the signaling format used by the respective other connected network.

This principle can be extended even further, as shown in FIG. 10. Here, a number of general access networks AN-1 ′, AN-2 ′, AN-3 ′ (each of which has an internal structure of access nodes as described above) are in turn connected to one another, which leads to a new generalized “black box” - Network with a new terminating edge TB 'leads. Thus, the access networks AN-1 ′, AN-2 ′, AN-3 ′ behave as if they are access nodes within a single access network (e.g. the one that is labeled AN-1 ′). Such a flexible structure is possible because the respective basic units of access nodes have the functional possibilities described above, ie so that the access networks can be treated as real black boxes without breaking through the level of abstraction.

Reference numerals in the claims serve only for explanation and do not limit the scope of these claims.

Claims (38)

1. Access node (AN3; AN1, AN2, Fig. 1, 2a) for use in an access network (AN) with which at least one subscriber station (ATP), via a subscriber traffic path (TRP1, TRP2) or a service network traffic path (TRP3) SS-1, SS-2, SS-4) and at least one service network (SN) which provides services for the subscriber stations, comprising:

• a) a front end translator (FET; FIG. 2b) for interpreting a signaling format (SN-F; SS-F) which is used by the at least one service network and / or the at least one subscriber station for data communications; and
• b) a transceiver (TR-SR; Fig. 2b) for sending / receiving the services to / from the front end translator (FET) and for sending / receiving the services to / from at least one / another access node ( AN1) of the access network and / or to / from at least one / a connected subscriber station (SS-4) via a respective traffic path (TRP31; TPR2).

2. Access node (AN3; AN1, AN2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the front end translator (FET; Fig. 3a, 3b) is designed to the signaling format (SN-F) of the service network (SN) and the signaling format (SS-F) of the subscriber stations (SS1-F, SS2-F). 3. Access node (AN3; AN1, AN2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the front end translator (FET, Fig. 1, 2a) is designed to a subscriber traffic path (TRP1, TRP2) with a bandwidth of 2Mbit / s or 64kbit / s and / or a service network traffic path (TRP3) of 2Mbit / s if a V5 network interface is used. 4. Access node (AN3, AN1, AN2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the transceiver (TR-SR; Fig. 4) is designed to simultaneously provide services from the service network traffic path (TRP3) as a respective number to receive from separate circuit connections (SS-1 CH, SS-2 CH, SS-4 CH), each of which has a specific bandwidth (n₁ kbit / s, n₂ kbit / s, n₄ kbit / s, n _c kbit / s) . 5. access node (AN3, AN1, AN2) according to claim 4, characterized in that Transceiver (TR-SR) the services on the circuit connections (SS-1 CH, SS-2 CH, SS-4 CH) receives and the services on respective Circuit connections (SS-1 CM, SS2-CM, SS-4 CM) the traffic lanes (TRP31, TRP12; TRP4) that correspond to the other access nodes (AN1, AN2) and / or Subscriber stations (SS-4) are connected dynamically assigns.   6. access node (AN3, AN1, AN2) according to claim 4 and 5, characterized in that the circuit connections (SS-1 CH, SS2-CH, SS-4 CH), to / from the subscriber stations (SS) be sent / received, each occupy 64kbit / s. 7. access node (AN3; AN1, AN2) according to claim 6, characterized in that those provided by the service network (SN) Services for the subscriber stations (SS) one or more of the 64kbit / s each Occupy circuit connections. 8. access node (AN3; AN1, AN2) according to claim 1, characterized in that Communication data (BC) of the services 64kbit / s channels on B channels and signaling data (CC) of the services performed on 16kbit / s D channels if the service is basic rate ISDN. 9. access node (AN3; AN1, AN2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the Front End Translator (FET) a number of Carrier channels (BC) for communication data and a Number of communication channels (CC) for Signaling data received. 10. access node (AN3; AN1, AN2) according to claim 9, characterized in that the transmitting / receiving device (TR-SR, Fig. 4, 6a, 7) is designed to a respective sub-number (n₂, n₁) of carrier channels (BC) and all (n _c ) of the communication channels (CC) to connected other access nodes or subscriber stations over the traffic paths (TRP31, TRP21) and redirect. 11. Access node (AN3; AN1, AN2) according to claim 9, characterized in that the transceiver (TR-SR) examines the signaling data on the communication channels (CC) and sends the communication channels (CC) to their connected access nodes ( Fig . 6a). 12. access node (AN3; AN1, AN2) according to claim 9, characterized in that the transceiver (TR-SR) Signaling data on the communication channels (CC) investigated and the communication channels (CC) to others connected access node branches. 13. access node (AN3; AN1, AN2) according to claim 9, characterized in that the transceiver (TR-SR) one Branch switching device includes the received Signaling data on the communication channels (CC) examined free channels on the traffic paths (TRP31, TRP4) connected to other connected access nodes or Guide subscriber stations, dials and then the channels dynamically connects. 14. Access network (AN; Fig. 2a) for providing data communication between at least one subscriber station (SS-1, SS-2, SS-4) and at least one service network (SN), which provides services for the subscriber stations, the at least one The subscriber station and the at least one service network are designed to carry out data communications each using a specific signaling format (SS-F, SN-F), comprising:

• a) a termination edge (TB) with termination points (TP1, TP2, TP3, TP4), which are used for a connection (TRP1, TRP2, TRP3, TRP4) of the at least one subscriber station and the at least one service network via a respective subscriber station traffic path (TRP1, TRP2, TRP4) or a service network traffic path (TRP3) are designed;
• b) the termination points (TP1, TP2, TP3, TP4) are each connected to an inner access node (AN1, AN2, AN3) within the termination margin via a respective traffic path (TRP1, TRP2, TRP3, TRP4); and
• c) the access nodes (AN1, AN2, AN3) are connected to one another via a respective traffic path (TRP31, TRP21); and
• d) wherein each access node (AN1, AN2, AN3) is constructed according to one or more of claims 1-13.

15. Access network (AN) according to claim 14, characterized in that each front-end translator (FET; Fig. 3a, 3b) interprets in the access node all signaling formats (SS-F, SN-F) by the subscriber stations and the service networks are used, each subscriber station (SS-1; SS-2) and each service network (SN) can be connected to any of the termination points (TP1, TP2, TP3, TP4). 16. access network (AN) according to claim 14, characterized in that the termination points (TP1, TP2, TP3, TP4) each carry a termination point port connection table (TPCL; Fig. 3d), which indicates which signaling formats of the respective Termination points (TP) are treated. 17. Access network (AN) according to claim 14, characterized in that the termination point (TP3, Fig. 3a), to which the service network (SN) is connected, supports a bandwidth of 2Mbit / s and each termination point (TP1, TP2, TP4 ), with which the subscriber stations (SS) are connected, support a bandwidth of 64Mbit / s or 2Mbit / s. 18. Access network (AN) according to claim 14, characterized in that the service network (SN) is designed to provide the services on the service network traffic path (TRP3) as a respective number of separate circuit connections (SS-1 CH, SS2-CH, SS-4 CH) to provide, each having a specific bandwidth (n₁ kbit / s, n₂ kbit / s, n₄ kbit / s, n _c kbit / s). 19. access network (AN) according to claim 18, characterized in that  Transceiver (TR-SR) the services on the circuit connections (SS-1 CH, SS2-CH, SS-4 CH) receives and the services on respective Circuit connections (SS-1 CH, SS2-CH, SS-4 CH) internal traffic paths (TRP31, TRP12) between the Access nodes (AN3) and other access nodes (AN1, AN2) or on the respective circuit connections a subscriber station traffic path (TRP4) connected with a subscriber station (SS-4) are connected dynamically assigns. 20. access network (AN) according to claim 18, characterized in that the circuit connections (SS-1 CH, SS2-CH, SS-4 CH), to / from the subscriber stations (SS) be sent / received, a bandwidth of Occupy 64kbit / s. 21. access network (AN) according to claim 20, characterized in that the services provided by the service network (SN) for the subscriber stations (SS) are provided, one or more of the 64kbit / s each Occupy circuit connections. 22. access network (AN) according to claim 14, characterized in that the service network (SN), communication data (BC) Services on 64kbit / s channels on B channels provides and signaling data (CC) of the Services are carried out on 16kbit / s D channels, if the service is basic rate ISDN.   23. access network (AN) according to claim 14, characterized in that the service network (SN) a local exchange (LE) that is connected to the access network (AN) via a V5 Interface or a VB5 broadband interface connected is. 24. access network (AN) according to claim 23, characterized in that the V5 interface is a V5.1 interface or a V5.2 interface is. 25. access network (AN) according to claim 23, characterized in that one of the services is V5 or VB5 supported Service is, e.g. B. ISDN (ISDN-BA), or POTS (plain old telephone service or more conventional Telephone service) or a leased line service is. 26. access network (AN) according to claim 14, characterized in that the service network (SN) a number of carrier channels (BC) for communication data and a number of Communication channels (CC) for signaling data assigns. 27. access network (AN) according to claim 25 and 26, characterized in that the V5 interface n × 31 time slots for one Transmission / reception used.   28. access network (AN) according to claim 25 and 26, characterized in that the base rate ISDN (ISDN BA) 2 carrier channels for Communication data and 1 to 3 communication channels (CC) used for signaling data if one V5 interface is used. 29. access network (AN) according to claim 19 and 14, characterized in that the V5.1 interface makes a static assignment Carrier channels used and the V5.2 interface dynamic allocation of carrier channels used. 30. Access network (AN) according to claim 26, characterized in that the access nodes (AN1-AN4) are designed for switching and rerouting a respective sub-number (n₂, n₁) of carrier channels (BC) and all (n _c ) communication channels (CC) to connected other access nodes or subscriber stations. 31. Telecommunication system ( Fig. 1) comprising a number of subscriber stations (SS-1, SS-2) and a service network (SN), via respective subscriber station traffic paths (TRP1, TRP2) and a service network traffic path (TRP3) with one respective termination point (TP1, TP2; TP3) of an access network (AN) are connected according to one or more of claims 14-30. 32. Telecommunications system ( Fig. 9) according to claim 31, characterized in that one or more other access networks (AN-2) with the access network (AN-1) and / or the service network (SN-1) are connected. 33. Telecommunications system ( Fig. 9) according to claim 31, characterized in that one or more other service networks (SN-1) with the access network (AN-1) and / or the service network (SN) are connected. 34. Telecommunications system ( Fig. 9) according to claim 33, characterized in that the one or more service networks (SN-1) and / or the one or more access networks (AN-1, AN-2) at their termination points on the Final edges are interconnected. 35. Telecommunication system ( Fig. 10) according to claim 34, characterized in that two or more of the interconnected access networks (AN-1 ', AN-2', AN-3 ') are connected in a generalized access network which has a terminating edge ( TB ') has on the termination points (TP') of the access and / or service networks as generalized termination points (TP ') are completed. 36. Method ( Fig. 4, Fig. 6b, 6c) for providing services (ISDN-BA) from a service network (SN) to one or more subscriber stations (SS-1, SS-2) that are connected to an access network (AN ) according to one or more of claims 14-30, comprising the following steps:

• a) connecting the service network (SN) to a termination point (TP3) of the access network (AN), which supports the service network signaling format (SN-F), via a service network traffic path (TRP3);
• b) Setting up the service network (SN) with its signaling format (SN-F) in the front end translator (FET) of the access node (AN3), whereby the access node (AN) of the entry access node (EAN) for the service network (SN) in the access network (AN) becomes;
• c) Sending one or a number of services (ISDN-BA, BC, CC, SS-1 CH, SS2-CH, SS-4 CH) for one or more subscriber stations which have requested the services via the connected service traffic path (TRP3) from the service network (SN) to the entry access node (EAN); and
• d) receiving (TR-SR) the services (ISDN-BA, BC, CC, SS-1 CH, SS2-CM, SS-4 CH) at the entry access node (EAN);
• e) wherein the entry access node (EAN) and each of the other connected access nodes (AN1-AN4) branches and switches the received services to other connected access nodes (AN1-AN4) or to the subscriber stations which have requested the services.

37. The method ( Fig. 6, 7, 8) according to claim 36, characterized in that the service network (SN) the services on the service network traffic path (TRP3, V5.1, V5.2) as a number of carrier channels (BC ) and communication channels (CC) - and the access nodes examine received signaling data on communication channels (CC), select free channels on the traffic paths leading to other access nodes and / or to subscriber stations, and dynamically connect the channels. 38. The method ( Fig. 4) according to claim 36, characterized in that the sending of channels from the service network (SN) to the access network (AN) and the transmission / reception of the channels between the access node is carried out using a time-division multiplexing method.