DE19610500A1 - Traction device for rail vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The rail-vehicle drawgear described consists essentially of a bracket plate (4) attached to the vehicle and a system having as its main components a spring unit (1) and a stirrup piece (2) attached to a draw hook (5). Also fitted are means (6, 7) for limiting the traction and /or the compression travel.

Description

The invention relates to a pulling device for rail vehicles. It consists in essential elements for vehicle-side attachment and Power transmission, a spring unit and components for connecting the same with the draw hook.

These main elements also include those belonging to the prior art Train devices put together, it is noticeable that the most varied Designs have been developed, some of which are extensive in practice are. However, these pulling devices are in their external properties largely standardized. That is necessarily the fact owed that rail vehicles of different types and of different manufacturers must be compatible.

In general, traction devices for rail vehicles have prevailed at which the tensile force initiated by the towing hook via a bolt in the Fork head of the drawbar and further introduced into the drawbar. The latter is guided in the middle by a support plate and a downstream spring and connected to a pressure plate behind the spring.

The existing tensile forces are thus on the pressure plate and the spring transferred and via the support plate into the undercarriage of the rail vehicle initiated via attached train stops.

In principle, cone, friction, rubber or Elastomer springs are used. The type of feather is even closer for them invention to be presented irrelevant.  

Traction devices of the aforementioned type are in the descriptions of the invention DE-OS 29 18 092; DE-OS 29 29 658; DE-OS 29 43 053; DE-OS 29 46 296; DE-OS 29 49 677; DE-OS 30 28 922; DE-OS 30 35 922; DE-OS 36 16 166; DE-OS 36 30 630 and DE-PS 42 10 800 have been presented. The list does not claim to be complete.

As a result of the linear mounting of the tie rod in the hole in the support plate this design causes considerable wear on the sliding surfaces. In addition, some solutions require action to be taken Twisting the fork head, which in turn is twisting the pull hook would prevent. Since the tie rod is only in the bore of the Support plate is mounted, it is necessary to deflect the Clevis when traveling on a curved track and thus a one-sided load on the counteract the spring used.

This is usually done through the fork head with extensive guides that are fixed are attached to the support plate.

The maintenance of the systems used today is usually carried out by Replace worn parts or by expensive welding and Reworking of affected areas implemented.

According to DE-OS 34 23 808 a pulling device for rail vehicles is known in which the pull hook and a connecting element to a pull element are summarized that the mounting plate and the spring frame-like engages and acts on a seat mounted behind the spring. The The tension element is horizontally pivoted and held in the area of the receptacle the mounting plate, so that the entire pulling device in position is offset to perform horizontal movements.  

The manufacturing effort for this pulling device is disproportionately high, which also applies to repairs. It is not possible to use the in In practice, it is often necessary to replace the tow hook without a complete one Removal and disassembly of the drawbar.

Finally, in DE-OS 32 48 289 a pulling and pushing device, in particular described for middle buffer clutches of rail vehicles, which also has a tension member of the type described above. However, there are headboards here and tension member separate components that are forcibly combined with each other need to make it work.

This device also requires a great deal of equipment featured. At least this results in a certain inefficiency in manufacturing. Another disadvantage is that special additional Precautions to limit tension and pressure as well as for guidance and storage of the tension member are to be hit.

The disadvantages of the latter two solutions lead to the inventive task. This consists of a pulling device for To create rail vehicles of the type in question, with as possible requires a few individual components, making it easy to repair and all in one normal machine park can be produced. It is also a condition that no changes to the usual base frame types Make it necessary to include the drawbar. Overall, a high Cost-effectiveness in manufacturing and in practice are ensured.

For the claimed traction device, the principle known per se becomes one Spring unit encompassing tension member used.  

According to the invention, the tension element consists of a bracket which is in a Support plate essentially in the axis of symmetry of the Rail vehicle undercarriage is mounted and guided longitudinally. The bracket contains pressure limits and draft limits, furthermore Receptacles for a hinge pin for the articulation of the pull hook, and provides thus a multifunctional compact component. But it is also conceivable to remove it assemble the aforementioned components.

The stop surfaces of the train and pressure limits are in one defined distance dimension. In this area the bracket is in the Support plate latched or mounted in another suitable way.

The longitudinal displacement is now by the dimension X minus the thickness of the Support plate, which is firmly connected to the undercarriage of the rail vehicle, given.

The spring unit sits between the support plate and the closed one Section of the U-shaped bracket. Apart from any necessary Fastening and adjustment elements are not intermediate components, as is the case with State of the art the case is provided.

The spring unit is installed in the tensioned state. It supports itself Relaxation on the one hand against the closed section of the U-shaped bracket as described above. On the other hand, it pushes against the support plate, which in turn on the stop surfaces of the pressure limits is present. When the traction is applied, the pressure system described is canceled. If the tractive force has reached a certain level, the stop surfaces will lay down of the tensile force limits on the support plate and increase the spring effect on.  

It is for the functioning of the pulling device according to the invention irrelevant which type of spring is used. It can be any suitable Spring unit can be used, such as on mechanical, systems based on hydraulic or pneumatic operating principles, Combinations of these systems, individual springs or complementary individual springs. The presented traction device for rail vehicles has in particular the Advantage that the number of components required for safe functioning was extremely minimized. As a result, the manufacturer is able to to bring inexpensive product with good sales opportunities on the market. For the User will be significant that the maintenance and repair effort is classified as low.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 shows the device according to the invention in plan view, Fig. 2 in a side view.

In order to avoid repetitions, the invention is explained in more detail refer to the claims and the above description.

Reference list

1 spring unit,
2 brackets,
3 hinge pins,
4 support plate,
5 draw hooks,
6 pressure limitation,
7 train limitation,
X distance measure.

The drawbar is for use on rail vehicles with side buffers intended.

Claims (5)

1. traction device for rail vehicles, with elements for vehicle-side fastening and power transmission, with a spring unit and components for connecting the same to the pulling hook using a component encompassing the spring unit, characterized in that a support plate ( 4 ) for attaching the traction device to the underframe of the rail vehicle It is provided in which a bracket ( 2 ) is mounted and guided essentially longitudinally displaceably in the axis of symmetry of the vehicle, which surrounds the spring unit ( 1 ) and between its closed side and the support plate ( 4 ) by means of integrated pressure limits ( 6 ) without functionally important intermediate components clamps that the open ends of the bracket ( 2 ) are designed as receptacles for a hinge pin ( 3 ) for articulating the pull hook ( 5 ) and that the bracket ( 2 ) opposite the pressure limits ( 6 ) also contains integrated train limits ( 7 ), whereby between hen the stop surfaces of the tension and pressure limit ( 7 and 6 ) a defined distance dimension (X) must be observed, which ultimately depends on the desired maximum travel and the thickness of the support plate ( 4 ). 2. Traction device for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that any spring unit ( 1 ) is used, ie that it is based on a mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic system, that combinations of these systems are conceivable or that the spring unit ( 1 ) is one Is a single spring or consists of complementary individual springs. 3. Traction device for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the support plate ( 4 ) and / or the bracket ( 2 ) have receptacles for adjusting and mounting the spring unit ( 1 ) at suitable locations. 4. Traction device for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the bracket ( 2 ), including train and pressure limits ( 7 and 6 ) is made as a whole component from one piece. 5. Traction device for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the bracket ( 2 ) is composed of individual elements, namely from a bracket-like component with train limitations ( 7 ), at the ends of which joint pieces are mounted, which contain pressure limits ( 6 ).