DE1817428A1 - Photosensitive drum member for electrophotography and manufacturing process therefor - Google Patents

Description

Case 82

CAKOH CAMERA KABUSHIKI KAISIiA 30-2, 3-chome, Shiraomaruko, Ohta-kü

Tokyo / Japan

Photosensitive drum member for electrophotography and manufacturing processes therefor

The invention relates to a photosensitive drum member for electrophotography and a process for its manufacture.

The photosensitive drum member of the present invention for Electropliotography is called light-sensitive (Mied in the "; 7oise used - that it is in an electrophotographisclien Copier is installed.

Bas photosensitive drum member for sheet metal photography is produced in that the layer of electroplioto ^ raphisch photosensitive?: aterial is formed on the surface of a drum, while the latter is rotated by its rotatable central shaft, then an electrically insulating translucent layer on top of it is formed when the drum is rotating and, if necessary, an electrically insulating layer between a drum and an electrophotographic layer is provided, the electrographic light-sensitive

9098A2 / U82

BATH ORIGINAL

Borrowed drum member composed of three or four layers is and no connection between the electrophoretographically photosensitive layer and the electrically insulating translucent layer.

At least the surface of the drum base can be grounded and is conductive. For example, a metal drum made of iron, copper, aluminum, etc., or a drum made of plastic, glass, wood or similar non-conductive materials, the surface of which is coated with conductive paint or dusted with metal, or a non-metallic drum, the surface of which is metal-plated, or a non-metallic drum, which is provided with a metal foil on its surface in order to achieve conductivity.

The central shaft for rotating the drum base may be of such a type that it can be removed therefrom may, or of such a kind that the central shaft is united with the drum base and, after the photosensitive Drum member has been formed, the center shaft and the drum are built into the copier. the The size precision of the drum base is related to the thickness precision of the photosensitive material and to the Focal length of the optical system of the copier, which should be sufficiently accurate.

^T .fenn example, the diameter of the drum is 150 mn, the allowable deviation from the exact circle · must form with respect to the diameter and the parallelism of the drum under - lying l, 5 / loo mm. It is preferable to polish the surface of the drum after the drum has been cut out.

As electrophotographic light-sensitive substances for ' Applying to the surface of the drum base are photo-

909842/1482

BATH ORIGINAL

conductive materials used. For example, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide, Cadmium selenium, zinc selenide, zinc telluride, antinone cadmium etc. used and pyrene as organic compounds, Perylene, tetracene, pentacene, ovals, isoviolanthrene, ρ-phenylbenzene, 4-phenyl-sticks etc.

To apply the respective photoconductive substances to the drum base, they are in the form of paints or varnishes and when the photoconductive materials are in pigment form, they are in the form of paints using Resin carriers and, if necessary, resin solvents and if they are of a homogeneous system, ( them in. The form of a varnish using a solvent used

Homogeneous photoconductive materials are preferable as the light-sensitive substances, however is.t ₀ when pigment systems are used whose grain size is preferably less untl ICorngrössen average of 0.1 to 15 iilcron on the surface of the photosensitive layer! Preferably _o

The mean to be used for the purposes of the invention The grain size of the pigment systems increases to a certain extent determined by the nature of the photoconductive substances. In the case of zinc oxide, for example, it is from 0.1 to 1 micron, while in the "

In the case of cadmium sulfide, a larger mean grain size is used will.

The resin support to obtain a paint-like light-sensitive material are fixing to prepare a light-sensitive layer by the photo-conductive substances after the Trockcners-tarrung the photosensitive materials used, so daf ·, it is preferable so Weni £ binder as possible ir · compared to the I fence of to use päotolcitenden material, u! .. the photoconductive efficiency of the piiotolcitenden material

909842 / U82

0AD ORlGlNAt

not to affect.

Usually eight to forty parts by weight make a solid binder on the basis of 100 parts by weight of photoconductive material, a preferred result.

The resin materials used as binders are those which, when dry, have a high electrical insulating property, a high film-forming property have high adhesiveness to the drum base and to the photoconductive materials, and further below at room temperature are stable and stable at atmospheric pressure, such as phenolic resin, urine resin, alkyd resin, silicone resin, acrylic resin, poly-ester resin, Methacrylic resin, styrene resin, coumarone-indene resin, epoxy resin, Formaldehyde resin, polyvinyl acetate (or chloride), polyvinyl acetate-vinyl chloride copolymer, Cellulose acetate (or nitrate), shellac, zein, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose ethers, cinnamic acid esters, glue, etc. can be used will.

To obtain a light-sensitive material in paint form of liquid, the combination of the types of the photoconductive W substances, the kinds of the resin support, the kinds of the solvent for the resin support, and the method must be selected very sorgfälig for dispersing the photoconductive substances.

The combination is made taking into account the properties the particular substances and the method for coating the rotatable drum is selected.

With regard to the substances, for example when zinc oxide is used as a photoconductive substance, it is preferred dispersing the silicone resin varnish (xylene solvent) as a resin carrier using a T.'alzenmüJ'ile or ball mill perform, and if cadmium sulfide as jmotoconductive When substance is used, it is preferable to disperse it

.909842 / U82

6AD ORIGINAL '

of a polyvinyl acetate-vinyl chloride copolymer which a varnish thinner as a resin carrier, using a sealer.

When the photoconductive material is homogeneous, it becomes lacquer-shaped photoconductive material made using a solvent and coated a rotating drum with it.

The following is the procedure for applying a photosensitive Substance on the surface of a drum base in connection with the accompanying drawings namely show:

Figs. 1, 2 and 3, 4 are schematic representations showing the apparatus for producing a photosensitive Shows drum member according to the invention;

Pig. 5 is a sectional view showing the state in FIG . which a layer of a photosensitive material on a drum using the mentioned Device is formed;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing the state in which the electrically insulating translucent layer is formed on the photosensitive layer, and,

7 is a sectional view showing the state in which an electrically insulating layer between the layer of a photosensitive substance and the Drum is formed and an electrically insulating translucent layer on the photosensitive Layer is formed,

9 0 9-842 / U 82 ■.

As shown in FIG. 1, the surface of the photosensitive liquid 2 becomes in contact with the surface of the drum base 1 brought while the drum 1 having a central shaft is rotated, and when the surface of the drum is uniform is coated with the photosensitive liquid the contact is dried by means of hot air, which is supplied by a fan 4, or by the fact that the coated drum placed in an air dryer, or by naturally drying the coating, or by that all drying processes mentioned are applied at the same time v / earth. The choice depends on the property of the photosensitive liquid to be applied.

For the contact of the drum with the photosensitive liquid the drum can be rotated or the rotary drive can be started after contact.

If the liquid with the photosensitive substance is heterogeneous, for example a dispersion, will be in the liquid a precipitation easily brought about and more often than not depending on the grain size, the specific weight or the Form of the photoconductive material, in which case the liquid is preferably stirred slowly.

Another coating method is that the coating is formed by the fact that the photosensitive Liquid containing substance flow downwards from a nozzle 10 through a tap 11 from a storage container 3 leaves, which is arranged above the rotatable drum, as shown in Fig. 2, whereupon the coating by the fan supplied hot air is dried or by an air bath drying method to dry the coating layer.

If the photosensitive substance-containing liquid is a dispersion, normal downward flow of the

9Q9942 / U82

Liquid can thereby be prevented that the photoconductive substance precipitates at the point at which the nozzle 10 is arranged, depending on the properties of the liquid, and even if a sufficient stirring movement is carried out in the storage container 3.

In such a case, it becomes the photosensitive material containing liquid on the rotating drum by a jet forming device 5 with a pump from a Applied nozzle 10, which is directed to the drum, whereby a coating can be obtained (see Fig. 3).

On the other hand, there is another method for applying the photosensitive liquid therein, that the coating by spray-Injection ", is applied using a jet of air together with the liquid containing the light-sensitive material _s as shown in Figo 4

Regardless of what is used. Process it is important that the thickness of the layer of the sensitive fabric ₃ after it has dried is uniform ₅ the coating is uniform, the surface of the coating is as smooth as possible and that the coating has no holes or other defects, whichever factors vary according to the composition of the liquid, the coating method or the drying conditions. In this sense, if photoconductive materials having a homogeneous system are to be used as the photosensitive liquid, there is no problem, while in the case of using a dispersion system, it is recommended to use a dispersion containing a larger amount of resin vehicle.

However, when the amount of the resin vehicle is increased, the properties of the ρ ho to Mt ends light-sensitive layer accordingly deteriorated, so that it is appropriate that the amount of the resin carrier is from 8 to 40 liters.

909842 / U82

ßÄD OBlOlNAL

As a coating method, if the mean grain size is less than 1 micron or, if it is a homogeneous system, the surface coating of the in Fig. 1 or the spraying of the 'liquid with simultaneous use of a stream of air, as in Fig. 4 is preferable. ...

However, if the mean grain size is several microns, are the liquid flow process or the liquid. Spray-on processes of the type shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 are preferred.

For smoothing the surface of the top coat and around the formation To prevent pinholing, the method of drying the coating is also considered to be an important factor. · '

The drying takes place with slow rotation of the drum, however, rapid drying should be avoided.

For example, when the liquid containing the photosensitive substance has been uniformly applied to the surface of the rotating drum, the further supply of the photosensitive liquid is cut off. And the rotation is maintained for a certain time at room temperature ', whereupon, after the photosensitive liquid is solidified on the surface of the drum, the drum is placed in an air bath, in which it is rotated, and slowly heated itfird, or it is preferable to to dry sufficiently by the fact that the temperature is slowly increased by supplying hot air.

Of course, depending on the type of solvent, a hot air or warm air treatment or an air bath treatment is possible to be carried out immediately after the application of the top coat, sometimes achieving a better result can be, however, a quick drying should be so

9098U / U82

1617428

be avoided as much as possible.

As a further means of drying the coating quickly prevent is to use a low solvent Add vapor pressure to the solvent in the photosensitive Liquid is included.

Generally used as a solvent for the photosensitive Liquid xylene, toluene, alcohol, methyl ethy! Ketone, Trichlorethylene ester, etc. can be used, however, these solvents have a high vapor pressure and a low vapor pressure Boiling point and cause holes, cracks, or coating irregularities because of the rapid drying it causes.

On the other hand, if a solvent of low vapor pressure which has mutual solubility with the solvents mentioned and the material to be dissolved is added, it is possible to achieve rapid drying during the coating time ^; avoid and thereby achieve an even coating, prevent the formation of holes and obtain a smooth surface.

As examples of solvents that prevent rapid drying, the following solvents can be mentioned ! herds:

Cyclohexanone

Ethyl butyl ketone

Isopropylbenzene

Tetrachloroethane

ethylene chlorohydrin

n-butyl alcohol

sec.IIexyl alcohol

Isopropyl alcohol

Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether

909842/1482

Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, methylamyl acetate

Methyl acetoacetate

Isoamyl propionate

Ethyl lactate, etc..

• -

The appropriate solvents to ensure rapid drying must prevent, taking into account the properties of the resin base, the properties of the neighboring upper layers in the case of multi-layer coating and the coating method to get voted.

The thickness of the photosensitive material coating is usually from several microns to 100 microns, but in most cases it is difficult to obtain a smooth layer of their Thickness is greater than 10 microns by a single coating operation to achieve.

In such a case, the first layer is applied and after or after the first layer has dry-set the first layer has set, the second layer is applied.

When performing this process, the liquid containing the photosensitive substance of the second layer should be of the type that no easy mutual separation with the coating of the first layer is possible.

For example, when the resin support of the first layer is styrene resin and xylene has been chosen as the solvent therefor, shellac is chosen as the resin base of the second layer and Ethyl alcohol as a solvent for this.

On the other hand, when such a resin as epoxy resin, polyester resin having a property that it is hardened by a curing agent can be used as a resin carrier, the

909842/1482

second layer applied after curing of the first layer so that in such a case the composition of the first layer and that of the second layer can be made exactly the same »-

If a third coat is required, one can Liquidϊ which has no mutual solubility with the Coating the second layer to form the third Layer are applied.

A liquid of the same composition as the first layer can be used to apply the third layer be used*

In the same way, the composition of the fourth Layer must be the same as the composition of the second layer. .

If the respective * Sehielitesa are not mutually easily soluble in each other ₉ canoe © im © sealing liquid of the same composition for every other layer * In other words, it is possible to create a multi-layer cover up to the required thickness by using compositions perform, which have no mutual solubility with the adjacent layers.

When making a multilayer coating is it is possible to improve the properties of the photosensitive layer by changing the nature of the photosensitive layer Liquid-containing photoconductive substance, its Grain and composition of the photosensitive Fluid is changed.

For example, a photoconductive substance is

909842 / U82

8AD ORIGINAL

a moderately large grain size using a small one Amount of resin base applied to form the lower layer and a photoconductive substance of smaller grain size underneath Use of a larger amount of resin carrier applied to form the top layer, which makes it possible a smooth photosensitive layer with excellent quality Photosensitivity because of the composition of the lower layer and smooth sharp sensitivity because of the Obtain composition of the top layer.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the photosensitive layer 7 formed on the surface of the drum 1.

Fig. 6 shows an electrically insulating translucent layer 8 on the photosensitive layer formed.

The electrically insulating layer on the photosensitive layer is essential in the inventive electrophotography and a layer having a thickness of about 3-40 microns, ^r \\ ill be formed as an electrically conductive layer.

The layer should be smooth on the surface, have no holes or Unregdmässigkeiten, excellent film-forming property and an excellent surface strength w have, and be transparent and at the same time have a high electric insulation capacity.

The material for the electrically insulating layer can be selected from the resins used for ordinary paints will.

For example, phenolic resin, synthetic resin, melamine resin Alkyd resin, styrene resin, polyester resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyvinyl acetate (or chloride), polyvinyl acetate-vinyl chloride copolymer, Formaldehyde resin, cellulose acetate (or

9098A2 / U82

- nltrat), polycarbonate resin, cellulose ether, silicone resin, Polyurethane resin, zein, shellac, etc. can be used.

Regarding the method of forming the electrically insulating transparent layer 8 can use the same method as that for forming the photosensitive Layer 7 can be used in such a way that after the rotating drum base with the photosensitive Layer has been provided, a liquid for the transparent layer instead of the photosensitive liquid using the procedures illustrated in Figures 1-4 is used.

In other words, the above-mentioned transparent material is used to form a lacquer-like solution in one Dissolved solvent suitable for the particular transparent material, and the resulting solution is placed in a container 6 as shown in Fig. 1, and the solution is coated with the photosensitive layer 7 of the brought into contact with rotating drum 1 and when the photosensitive layer is uniform with that of the transparent Material containing liquid is coated, the drum is lifted out of the liquid surface and the coating air-dried.

The layer of photosensitive material and the liquid containing the transparent material must do so be chosen, that the photosensitive layer does not is damaged by the solvent to be used, so that the composition of the photosensitive layer and the transparent layer not easily and mutually can dissolve.

For example, when zein is used as a resin carrier for the photosensitive material 7, and a mixed solution

909842 / U82

8Ap, .ORIGINAL

A solution of water and methyl alcohol in a ratio of 8: 2 is used, a xylene solution of styrene resin is used used to form the transparent layer 8.

Of course, those shown in Figs. 2-4 can also be used Coating methods in addition to the above can be used.

What is particularly important in the production of the transparent layer is that holes, "air-foams" and local irregularities in the thickness in the layer 8 should be avoided, since these will cause the insulation to break through or an irregular charge can \\ ^T hen in a Copierapparat a voltage

created

Solvent can be used to avoid holes of low vapor pressure and adjusting the conditions for air drying have a considerable effect as obtained in the case of producing the photosensitive layer 7.

The ψ solvents used to form the transparent layer can be selected from the low vapor pressure solvents used to form the photosensitive layer.

When producing the transparent layer, if the thickness of the same after a coating process is not sufficient to form the second layer on the surface of the transparent first layer by that a liquid is used with a composition in which there is little risk of mutual dissolution with the first layer, and if the thickness is still insufficient, a third layer is applied to it

909842/1482

BAD ORlGJNAL

second layer applied using a liquid of a composition in which there is little risk of mutual dissolution with the second layer exists, and in the same way can be a transparent multilayer be formed by using a liquid of a composition in which not the There is a risk of a slight mutual dissolution with the neighboring layers.

Fig. 6 shows the drum base 1 with that molded on it photosensitive layer 7 and the electrically insulating transparent layer 8 formed thereon.

With the present electrophotography, high contrast can be achieved by using a copier of the photosensitive drum member shown in FIG.

For copying a photographic image of continuous tone, a photosensitive member is more uniform Distribution of electrical charge required. For this purpose, a thin electrically insulating Layer 9, as shown in Figure 7, between the drum base 1 and the photosensitive layer 7 are formed to obtain an excellent result »

The material for this thin layer 9 can be selected from the materials used for the transparent layer 8. The thin layer 9 need not be particularly transparent, so that it can be made by mixing finely powdered silica or mica having a high dielectric constant, and originally dark-colored resins such as asphalt or pitch can also be used.

The formation of this thin layer 9 on the drum base can be done with a rotating drum system

909842 / U82

181742Ö

or it can be done in that an electrically insulating Foil wrapped around the drum base · is if such a photosensitive layer and transparent layer so be applied that the effect of the joint part of the transparent layer 8 is switched off. As foils to For the formation of the thin layer, e.g. foils made of polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, acetate, Polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride can be used.

When the thin layer 9 is molded by using a resin solution is used, a rotatable drum such as that used for the formation of the photosensitive layer 7 or the transparent one is used Layer 8 is used. ■

Needless to say here that such a Composition at risk of mutual dissolution or reaction with the photosensitive substance 7 with the surface material of the drum) ns is I does not exist can be used as a liquid for producing the thin layer 9. ·

It is of course preferable that d (e veh properties of the coating of the thin layer-free. F.ehlern, such as irregular thickness of the coating ψ or holes should be, however, it is not necessary in this case that the thickness of the ATE. Thin The layer is as precise as that of the photosensitive layer or the clear layer, and therefore hot-melt coating with the coating material or rapid air-drying can be used.

When an electrically insulating film is wound up, an adhesive E.B. suitable for each film is used. an adhesive on Based on nitrile rubber for a polyethylene terephthalate film is used and the film, which is cut to a certain size, is wound on the drum base 1 and glued on. As a coating solution for the top layer (light-sensitive layer) through the fine gap at the joint

309842/1482

can partially leak, the adhesive and the material of the photosensitive layer should be chosen so that such Licking is avoided.

When a heat-shrinkable film is used as the film to be wound up is used, a tubular sheet of such a size that the drum base is easily inserted into it can be shrunk by warm air or a liquid brought so that the tubular film is brought into close contact with the drum base and seamless electrically insulating thin film 9 can be obtained.

As examples of the aforementioned heat-shrinkable film Films made of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene may be mentioned.

If the thickness of the thin layer 9 is below 20 microns, an excellent result can be achieved.

The following are examples to further explain the Invention given.

Example 1 : Composition of the photosensitive substance

Zinlcoxyd for electrophotography 100 geitf. Parts

Polystyrene (with the trade name
Piccolastic D-125 and

manufactured by ESSO) 15 ""

Toluene 100 ""

High boiling point solvent

(with the product description

Solvesso 100) 30 ""

The individual ingredients were put in a ball mill during

909842 / U82

8AD ORi (SINAl.

treated for about 15 hours and the resulting liquid was in the container and with the rotating drum in Brought contact, whose "diameter was 15 cm and the at a speed of 20 rpm. After evenly wetting the surface of the drum the drum was taken out of the liquid by the liquid and by warm air while rotating dried.

After drying the drum, a liquid of the following composition was placed in the W container in the same manner and applied to the rotating photosensitive layer to form a transparent sheet.

Composition of the transparent layer

Ethyl cellulose (with the trade name

Ethocell and manufactured

from the Hercules Poi \ rder

Company) 10 parts by weight

Ethyl alcohol 150 ""

Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether 30 ""

The transparent layer produced in the manner described ^{above was dried at about 70 °} C. with hot air with a rotating drum of 100 rpm to obtain the cylindrical photosensitive material for electrophotography.

The prepared photosensitive material was then placed built into the copier and carried out a positive corona discharge of about G kV and then a negative one Corona discharge of about 7 kV and imagewise exposure was carried out simultaneously through a system of slits and the toner development was carried out with the magnetic brush.

9098A2 / U82
8ADORiQlNAt

A copier paper was then pressed onto the developed image, to get the toner image onto the surface of the paper transferred and it was fixed by heat. The image quality of the copy obtained was excellent.

Example 2r ■

Composition of the photosensitive substance

Photoconductive cadmium sulfide 50 parts by weight

Vinyl acetate-vinyl chloride copolymer ... 5 ""

Ethyl acetate. . *. .. 20 ""

Methylamyl acetate 5 ""

The above ingredients were used evenly a stirrer dispersed.

The light-sensitive liquid was at 20 rpm, Poured rotating drum on this, whereupon drying with warm air took place.

In the manner prepared in "the manner described above Layer, the liquid for the transparent layer of the following composition was poured and then dried.

Composition of the transparent layer

Zein ·. 10 parts by weight

Isopropyl alcohol 80 ""

Water 20 · ""

After the layer was dried, copying was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, with excellent Figure was obtained.

909842/1482

Example 5: Composition of the photosensitive substance

Photoconductive cadmium sulfide 50 parts by weight

Polyvinyl alcohol S ""

Water 30 ""

The ingredients were uniformly using a Mixer mixed.

The rotational speed of the drum was adjusted to about 50 U / min and the photosensitive liquid to the drum rnirde enjoyed and I '.' Armluft dried of 70 ⁰ C. ·

on top of that the liquid for the transparent layer became of the following composition poured onto the rotating drum and air-dried to -a translucent Layer to get.

Composition of the transparent layer;

Hit rosin modified phenolic resin (with the trade name Iiitanol and manufactured by Hitachi Chemical

Ind. Co.) 10 parts by weight

Xylene, 50 ""

high boiling solvent

(Solvesso-100, manufactured by ESSO) ....... 10 ""

After the transparent layer was dried, a copying operation was carried out carried out in the same way in example 1, being an excellent figure obtained l / urde.

Example 4:

909842 / U82

at Bm

Composition of the photosensitive. Substance

photoconductive cadmium sulfide 50 parts by weight

Epoxy resin (with the trade name Epikote No. 828

from SHELL) 5 »"

Diethylenetrianiine 0.4 ^M "

Methyläthylicetori 20 ""

In this case, the curing time of epoxy resin is long and its function is to prevent pinholes and there would therefore be no solvent that would retard evaporation added.

After removing dos solvent by hot air in the rotating drum, the epoxy resin at 70 ⁰ C in Einei drying chamber for about S hours was cured.

A solution of the following composition was then made poured onto the rotating drum to air dry, whereby.die-transparent layer was obtained.

Composition of the transparent layer

Polystyrene (with the trade name Piccolastic-D 125, manufactured from ESSG) 50 parts by weight

Toluene 100 ""

high-boiling solvent (with the (liar enbeze glue Solvesso-100) .. 30 ""

The goping process was carried out in the same way as in Example 1 ■ performed, -which received an excellent picture became. ·

Example 5:

909842 / U82

BATH

A liquid for making a transparent layer as used in Example 2 was applied to the surface of the rotatable Aluminiuiirtrommel nacii Example 2 rotating at up drum and the top pull became in an air bath at 7O ⁰ C dried to form an electrically insulating layer the thickness of which was about P> microns, whereupon the light sensitive layer and the electrically insulating transparent layer on the electrically insulating layer which had been produced according to Example 2 were formed.

The copying process was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 performed to a photosensitive drum member of <? moderate chargeability to get that to education photographic images is suitable.

Example 6;

A heat-shrinkable vinyl chloride tube (Hishilex, manufactured by Mitsubishi Resin Mfg. Co., Ltd.), the diameter of which was 180 mm, was placed on the aluminum drum base, the diameter of which was 150 mm, with the vinyl chloride tube being shrunk with hot water of 95 ^° C for close contact with the drum base, thereby obtaining a thin electrically insulating layer on the conductive drum base, and then applying photosensitive material and an electrically insulating transparent layer of the same compositions Yiie in Example 2 on the drum while rotating the same.

After the coating layer has dried completely, the Copying process carried out in the same way as in Example 1

909842/1482

OfUQiNAL

led and a photosensitive drum of uniform Preserved chargeability necessary for the formation of a photographic Figure is suitable.

Example 7; , '

A conductive coal to the tr ich (made by Fujikura Chemical Ind.Go., Ltd.). Was applied to the drum (the diameter thereof was 150 mm and its length was mm) which was made of formal resin and a center shaft the end. Iron had, being applied to the itself rotating drum in the Heise happened that the end face of the Drum could be electrically connected to the central shaft, whereupon it was dried and the photosensitive Liquid of the following composition to the surface the previously obtained layer was applied with the drum rotating.

Composition:

With copper -activated cadmium sulfide ........... 100 parts

Zein 15 parts

isopropyl alcohol ............................. 80 parts

Water 20 parts

The - .. coating Λ -mrde .then air-dried and then on the obtained photosensitive layer a solution of the following composition as an electrically insulating translucent * term layer applied with the drum rotating.

Composition:

«■ dt ivollophoniim modified phenolic resin, hitanol 3ü G

(aer-established by Hitachi Chemical Ind.Co.). 10 parts

909842 / U82

original

Xylene 50 parts

Solvesso (manufactured by ESSO) 10 parts'

The coating was then air dried.

The photosensitive drum member thus obtained was used in the electrophotographic copier as in Example 1, showing an excellent image was obtained.

Example 8:

Soft aluminum 15 microns thick was placed on the surface of a drum (the diameter of which was 150 mm and which had a length of 250 mm) wound with a central shaft made of iron, which drum through this Made of epoxy resin (No. 828 made by SHELL Chemical Ind. Co., Ltd.) using epoxy resin (No. 815) by SHELL Chemical Ind. Co., Ltd.) as an adhesive.

The photosensitive layer and the electrically insulating transparent layer were made on the same basis as in the foregoing described Vieise. produced aluminum layer in the molded in the same manner as in Example 1, and copying of an image was carried out using a clektrophotographic Copier with excellent results.

Example 9;

A liquid with photosensitive liaterial from the The following composition was applied to the surface of a "Aluminum drum (the diameter of which was 150 mm and the had a length of 250 mm) with a ripple on it

909842 / U82

SAD ORIGINAL

rotating drum and the resulting coating was then dried.

Composition:

cadmium sulphide activated with copper (with an average grain size of

15 microns) * 100 parts by weight

Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer

(fixed part) 15 parts by weight

Butyl acetate 70 parts by weight

In this way the first layer is covered with a rough one Surface made.

Thereupon the liquid blends with the light-sensitive ones Fabrics for the second layer of the following

Composition;

cadmium sulfide activated with copper

(average grain size 8 microns) 100 parts by weight

Zein 20 parts by weight

Isopropyl alcohol 80 parts by weight

applied to the drum surface while the drum is rotating and the top coat dried. After complete drying of the coating, the liquid was given below photosensitive substances applied to the previously obtained photosensitive layer with the drum rotating ,

Composition:

cadmium sulfide activated with copper

(medium grain size 2 microns) 100 parts by weight.

909842/1482

Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer i

(fixed part) 25 parts by weight

Butyl acetate .... 70 parts by weight

Cyclohexanone 20 parts by weight

Then, the photosensitive layer was dried to form the third layer.

The surface of the third layer was smooth and even.

The thickness of the entire photosensitive layer composed of the first photosensitive layer to third photosensitive layer was about 80 microns.

On the surface of the photosensitive layer obtained as described above, a solution containing the following was applied Composition applied as an electrically insulating transparent layer while the drum is rotating.

Composition:

Zein 10 parts

I s op ropy 1 alcohol 80 parts

Water 20 parts

The overlay was then used to form the top layer completely dried.

Composition:

Phenolic resin modified with rosin (Hitanol 30 G, manufactured by

Hitachi Chemical Ind. Co.) 10 parts

Xylene 70 parts

Solvesso-loo (manufactured by ESSO) ... 15 pieces

The thickness of the whole electrically insulating clear

909842 / U.82

Layer was about 40 microns,

The photosensitive drum member thus obtained had excellent chargeability to achieve High contrast images and excellent results in the same copying operation as in Example 1 obtain.

Example 10:

A photosensitive liquid having the following composition would on the surface of an aluminum miniature drum with a shaft (diameter 150 mm, length 250 mm) rotating drum applied.

Composition;

cadmium sulfide activated with copper 100 parts by weight

Epoxy Resin No. 815 (manufactured by the

SHELL Chemical Ind. Co., Ltd.) 15 parts

Epoxy Hardeners II-92 (manufactured by

Nihon.Gosei Kako) 3 parts

Methyl ethyl ketone 50 parts

Methyl isobutyl ketone 10 parts

After drying off the solvent, the drum was heated in an air bath of 70 ⁰ C for one hour, so that the epoxy resin was cured as the resin carrier.

After the drum has cooled back down to room temperature the second layer was applied using a photosensitive liquid while the drum was rotating. The coating was allowed to dry, heated and cured in the same manner as the first layer, followed by a solution of the following composition as electrical insulating transparent layer applied with rotating drum, the solvent at room temperature

- 90-9842 / U82

BADOBIQtNAL

evaporated.
Composition;

Epoxy Resin No. 815 (manufactured by the

SHELL Chemical Go., Ltd.) / ....... 100 parts by weight

Epoxy hardener H-92 (manufactured by the

Nihon Gosei Kalco) 20 parts

Methyläthylice ton 300 parts

Methyl isobutyl ketone r .. 50 parts

Diisobutyl ketone »5 parts

Then followed a heating in an air bath of 7O ⁰ C for one hour to cure the epoxy resin.

A solution of the same composition was applied to the resulting layer while the drum was rotating. Then the solvent at room temperature in the same manner as in the first layer was made to evaporate and then the top pull long heated for one hour in an air bath of 70 ⁰ C to cure the epoxy resin for preparing an electrically insulating transparent layer.

The photosensitive drum member thus obtained was used for copying in the same manner as in Example 1 was used and it showed excellent chargeability for high contrast, so that an excellent result could be achieved.

Example 11;

Instead of the electrically insulating heat-shrinkable Vinylclilorids on the aluminum drum produced according to Example 6 ' was created by heating molten pitch with a stationary surface lit the surface of a rotating

909842 / U82

6AD ORIGINAL

Drum brought into contact to apply the pitch evenly, whereupon the pitch was solidified at room temperature with the drum rotating. In this way the electrically insulating layer was obtained.

In the manner obtained in the manner described above The pitch layer became photosensitive with the drum rotating Liquid of the following composition - * brings:

Composition;

cadmium sulfide activated with copper., 100 parts

Zein 15 parts

Isopropyl alcohol 80 parts

Water 20 parts

After the subsequent drying, a solution of the The following composition is applied while the drum is rotating.

Composition:

Xylene 50 parts

Soivesso-100 (manufactured by ESSO) 10 parts

phenolic resin hitanol modified with rosin (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical

Ind. Co.) 10 parts

After the subsequent air drying, an electrical insulating transparent layer obtained.

When such a drum was used for copying with the electrophotographic copier, as shown in Example 1 the photosensitive drum member is found to be of uniform chargeability suitable for copying a photographic Figure is suitable.

9Q9842 / U82

Example 12:

Instead of the pitch layer on the surface of the aluminum drum as in Example 11, a polyethylene terephthalate film was used with a thickness of 12 microns Diafoil [(manufactured by Mitsubishi Resin Mfg. Co., Ltd.)]] on the surface the drum wound using an adhesive based on nitrile rubber and the same photosensitive Material as well as the same electrically insulating transparent material as in Example 11 were used in the same Way as formed in Example 11 to be the same photosensitive Layer and electrically insulating transparent layer to produce and thereby a photosensitive Obtain drum link.

Copying with the photosensitive drum member produced in the manner described above has shown that this has a uniform chargeability necessary for achieving a uniform photographic image suitable is.

Example 13:

An aluminum tube (with a diameter of 150 mm and a length of 250 mm) with a wave was applied to the liquid surface of a photosensitive liquid of the composition given below in a vessel brought into contact to the drum evenly with the Coating liquid.

Composition:

Zinc oxide 100 parts

Polystyrene Piccolastic D-125

(manufactured by ESSO) »15 parts

Toluene loo parts

Solvesso-100 (manufactured by ESSO) 30 parts

9098A2 / U82

Then the drum was removed from the liquid and air-dried in air at 7O ⁰ C. After drying, the drum was brought into contact with a solution of the following composition while the drum was rotating *

Summary:

Ethyl cellulose £ (Ethocel (manufactured by

Hercules)] ..................... 10 parts

Ethyl alcohol 150 parts

Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether .................. 30 parts

After the uniform coating with the above-described solution, the contact of the drum with the liquid surface was interrupted and the coating was ^{dried in an air stream of 70 °} C. to obtain a photosensitive drum member.

The member thus obtained was subjected to an electrophotographic A copier was used for copying, whereby a high resolution copy was obtained.

Example 14;

After forming the photosensitive layer as in As described in Example 13, a solution of the composition given below was blown through a stream of air with an air pressure of 7 kg / cm on the drum from the nozzle at a distance of 60 cm using a Spr üli sprayed on in front of the device for coating. To this

• - ■

In this way an upper coating was obtained.
Zus ammens et zuiis 5

Ethyl cellulose Etliocel (manufactured by Hercules)

_: * 10 parts

Ethyl alcohol «- 200 parts

Ethylen-iiykolr-ionomethyliither .................... 40 parts

909842/1482

The coating obtained in this way was air-dried, whereby a photosensitive drum member having an electrically insulating transparent layer was obtained.

Copying with such a drum member was excellent Copies of high image quality obtained.

Example 15:

An aluminum drum (with a diameter of 150 mm and a length of 250 mm) with a central wave was coated with a light-sensitive solution, which the had the composition given below and was contained in a vessel with a stirrer, with a gear pump was used to direct a jet of the solution through a nozzle onto the rotating drum.

Composition;

cadmium sulfide activated with copper 50 parts

Vinyl acetate-vinyl chloride copolymer 5 parts

Butyl acetate 20 parts

Ilethylamyl acetate 5 parts

After the surface of the drum had been coated evenly with the above solution, the spraying was interrupted and ^{dried in an air stream of 70 °} C. with the drum rotating, whereupon the surface of the photosensitive coating with the drum rotating with the surface of a liquid in a vessel was brought into contact with the following composition.

Composition:

Ethyl cellulose Ethocel (manufactured by Hercules)

10 parts

Ethyl alcohol 150 parts

9098A2 / U82

Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether 30 parts

In this way, the drum was evenly coated with the solution and the layer was then left at room temperature for two hours.
air dried.

for two hours and further dried in air at 70 ⁰ C.

The photosensitive drum member thus obtained was used for copying, making copies of high contrast were obtained.

Example 16:

A photosensitive liquid of the same composition as in Example 1, which was contained in a vessel with a stirrer, was down through a device to adjust the flow rate, brought the liquid to flow evenly on the aluminum drum (with a diameter of 150 mm and a length of 250 mm) to be applied with a central shaft while the drum is rotating, the flow of the liquid is interrupted and the coating was air dried xmd then with the drum rotating the flow of an electrically insulating solution such as in Example 1, on the surface of the photosensitive material on the drum using the sprayer applied by a stream of air as in Example 14 and after the uniform application of the electrically insulating clear solution on the surface of the photosensitive layer on the drum was' the Excessively dried.

Subsequently, the drum at room temperature was allowed to stand for about two hours and da-i ± n in a Lxiftstron of 70 ⁰ C dried to obtain an inventive electrophotographic photosensitive drum member was obtained "

■ 9 098A2 / U82

When used for copying in an electrophotographic The copier gave excellent results.

Claims ;

909842 / U82
. 0ADORiGINAL

Claims (1)

Patent claims 1. A method of manufacturing a photosensitive drum member for electrophotographic, characterized in that a liquid containing light-sensitive material is applied to the surface of an electrically conductive drum, the drum with respect to the Application device is notified of a relative rotation, at least the surface of the drum can be grounded, and then a liquid from an electrically insulating clear material on the surface of the photolel - tend photosensitive layer is applied in the manner indicated above during the relative Got rotation of TroEuael and applicator has been, over an electrically insulating transparent Layer to form. 2. Photosensitive drum member for electrophotography, which has been produced in that a photosensitive Substance has been applied to the surface of an electrically conductive drum in liquid form in a vessel; at least which surface can be grounded with the drum rotating to form a photoconductive photosensitive layer, and then an electrically insulating transparent material liquid on the reserved photosensitive layer in a vessel for Formation of an electrically insulating transparent layer has been applied with the drum rotating. 3. Photosensitive drum member for electrophotography, 909842/1482 ORJGlNAV which has been produced by the fact that a photosensitive Fluid flows downward from a nozzle above the drum onto the surface of the drum has been brought, which surface can be grounded, v / whether ei the drum was rotated to a photoconductive to form photosensitive layer, and then an electrically conductive transparent liquid in the V / ice ^ has been applied that it comes down from a nozzle onto the photosensitive layer in the aforementioned Way was obtained with the rotating drum, was made to flow on this one electrically to form an insulating transparent layer " 4. Photosensitive drum member for sheet metal photography which has been produced by spraying a photosensitive substance in liquid form through a nozzle directed at a drum having an electrically conductive surface, at least this surface being able to be earthed and the drum rotating ψ was held, whereupon an electrically insulating transparent material was sprayed in liquid form through a nozzle which was directed at the drum or the photosensitive layer thereon, the drum being driven to rotate to produce an electrically insulating transparent layer thereon form. 5. Photosensitive drum member for electrophotography which has been prepared by having a photosensitive drum member Liquid material was applied through a nozzle which was directed onto the drum together with a stream of air is to be on the surface of the electrically conductive drum, at least which surface can be grounded, 909842 / U82 8AD ORIGINAL. to apply a photosensitive photoconductive layer while the drum is rotating, and then an electrically insulating transparent material liquid through a Nozzle that was directed at the drum together with a stream of air to hit the rotating drum to obtain an electrically insulating transparent layer. 6. Photosensitive drum member made thereby has been that a photosensitive material has been applied in liquid form using a vessel, wherein the applicator is a downflow, splash or air spray while rotating Provides drum, and then an electrically insulating transparent material liquid on the previously obtained light-sensitive layer for forming an electrically insulating transparent layer through a vessel, Amid flow, splash or air spray with relative rotation between the drum and the applicator has been applied. Li hurries sensitive drum parts to sheet metal photography, which is characterized by the production in that an electrically insulating film on the surface an electrically conductive drum, at least which surface can be grounded light-sensitive photoconductive material on liquid the surface of the film is applied while the drum is rotating to a photoconductive photosensitive Layer on this to form, and then, an electrical one insulating transparent material liquid on the photosensitive obtained in the above manner 9098A2 / U82 Layer is applied while the drum is rotating, in order to form an electrically insulating transparent layer on top of it. 8. Photosensitive drum member for Elelctrophotographie, characterized by the manufacture characterized in that a electrically insulating layer on an electrically conductive one Drum is applied, of which at least the ™ surface can be earthed when the drum is rotating, a photosensitive photoconductive layer is applied while the drum is rotating and an electrically insulating transparent layer on the surface of the photosensitive layer is applied while the drum is rotating. 9. Photosensitive drum member for electrophotography according to claim 8, characterized in that the first The electrically insulating layer applied to the drum consists of a heat-shrinkable film. 10. Photosensitive drum member for Elelctrophotographie, characterized by the manufacture characterized in that a photoconductive photosensitive layer is applied to the surface of an electrically conductive drum, at least what surface can be grounded with the drum rotating using liquids with photosensitive materials in several layers, with adjacent photosensitive materials liquid are not easily mutually soluble. 9098A2 / U82 8AD ORIGINAL 11, photosensitive drum member for electrophotographic, characterized by being made by placing a photoconductive photosensitive layer on the surface an electrically conductive drum is applied, at least which surface can be grounded, namely with rotating drum using liquid photosensitive materials in several layers, each layer of the liquid photosensitive materials being hardened by a hardener to form a to form photosensitive photoconductive layer, and then an electrically insulating transparent layer on the surface of the photosensitive layer obtained in the manner described above while rotating Drum is applied. 12. Photosensitive drum member for electrophotography, characterized by the manufacture characterized in that a photosensitive photoconductive layer is applied to the surface of an electrically conductive drum, at least which surface can be grounded, rotating the drum, and then an electrically insulating transparent layer on the photosensitive layer obtained in the above-mentioned manner while rotating Drum is applied, which electrically insulating transparent layer using electrically insulating Transparent liquids are made in multiple layers, and each of the adjacent liquids with electrically insulating transparent material not ;; eiTcmsciti <: are soluble in one another. 13. Photosensitive drum member for electrophotography, pekennzeicnnet by the fact that a 90 98A2 / U82 photosensitive photoconductive layer on the surface an electrically conductive drum is applied, at least which surface can be grounded, the Drum is rotated, and then apply an electrically insulating transparent layer to the obtained as mentioned above photosensitive layer is applied while the drum is rotating, the electrically insulating transparent layer is made in several layers by electrically insulating transparent materials, which can be hardened by a hardener. 14. Photosensitive drum member for electrophotography, * gp characterized by the manufacture in that a Piiotoconductive light-sensitive layer on the surface an electrically conductive drum is applied, at least which surface can be grounded, wherein the drum is rotated, the aforementioned photoconductive photosensitive layer in several positions in the form is formed in that the upper layer has finer particles of photoconductive material than the particles in the lower Layer contains, and then an electrically insulating transparent layer on the photosensitive layer is applied, which is in the aforementioned way with you rotating drum has been applied. 15. Sensitive drum member for electrophotography, characterized by the fact that a Piiotoconductive photosensitive layer on the surface of an electrically conductive drum, at least which surface can be grounded, when the drum is rotating, which piiotoconductive photosensitive Layer in separate warehouses using light 909842 / U82 AAiQi ^ C i: M BAD ORIGINAL sensitive material is formed in such a way that the top layer contains finer resin than the bottom layer, and then an electrically insulating transparent layer on the photosensitive layer obtained in the above-mentioned manner Layer bqi applied to rotating drum 90 9-8 42/1482