DE1813694A1 - Device for the production of local paths of any length from prestressed concrete - Google Patents

Description

Device for the production of site piles of any length Prestressed concrete.

The invention relates to a device for the production of site posts made of prestressed concrete, in lengths that are almost all conceivable Will meet practical requirements. Achievable lengths are under average conditions loo to 120 meters. With favorable local conditions, this limit can still be considerable be crossed, be exceeded, be passed.

A special area of application results from this possibility for pile foundations in extremely soft soils (bog, swamp), as well as pile foundations in coasts - but also in open waters.

The purpose of pile foundations is well known. The current status The technology only allowed a foundation under certain conditions. The special one The purpose of the invention is to reduce the restrictive conditions.

Piece piles with iron-steel or steel string reinforcement could can only be produced in lengths of up to 15 meters. This limit already resulted from Loading, transport and unloading difficulties continued to come up uneven subsoil, as well as the unbreakable pulling up on the ram structure, which are difficult to remove Obstacles. In the case of local piles, the length limit was created by the casing pipe and the Ramming frame pulled, although could in relatively solid ground, where the pile could not through its own weight sank, great depths are reached, the problem and the with it The associated disadvantage was the connection between the individual pieces. So far took place the connection by sleeves, or by welding the metal ones together Headstocks. The danger with the Hölsen connection was the loss of the already beaten stakes when suddenly very weak ground was reached. That Welding together did not guarantee the connection much more secure, besides the work of the entire column of workers rested during the welding work had to be repeated every lo meters on average. The reduced breaking strength was in any case accepted due to the interrupted reinforcement from pile to pile to take. A foundation in water depths of, for example, 50 feet or more was completely impossible. Only in the rarest of cases did the sounding give precise information deliver over the distance to the solid ground, which often resulted in e.g. a stake 5 meters long was added, while it was only 2 meters to the were solid ground. The remaining 3 meters of the pile were scrapped. The capping Additional work was required to reach the desired height above the subsoil.

The abolition of the main shortcomings outlined above, as well as the Creation of technical and financial advantages compared to previous ones Working methods in pile foundations, the purpose is that described below Invention. Its main advantages consist in the following points: 1.) Elimination a permanent foundry, or the claiming of a site in close to the construction site by an outpatient foundry.

20) Elimination of the often considerable transport costs for the prefabricated ones Poles 3.) Elimination of storage on piles and the associated capital ties 40) Elimination of the possible waiting times for posts at the place 5.) Reduced, resp. reduced machine and equipment park.

6.) More efficient material utilization by eliminating leftover pieces.

7.) Consistent strength due to continuous reinforcement.

8.) Elimination of the possible loss by sinking into suddenly reached Soft layers.

9.) Reduction of staff by at least 50.

lo.) Development of new areas and structural possibilities Pile foundation.

Description: In the description and the associated drawings 1 to 4 it is assumed that this is a device for manufacturing is about site piles made of prestressed concrete, the reinforcement of which consists of 5 x 5 steely wires are said to consist of a single wire of the same type Material is laced. A different distribution of the reinforcement than 5 x 5 can, according to different strength requirements on the pile can be done without effort. The mention of the individual parts and devices, including their functional determinations, happens in rhythm with the movements of an imaginary start of work up to a continuous one Manufacturing.

The indented text reads together, the description of the work process.

The base plate (1) Z 1,2,4 with the wet feet 85 x 85 cm (with an assumed pile diameter of 25 cm) the above-mentioned Place laid out.

It has an opening in its center to let the llantel tube through (2). If the ground is particularly weak, the load-bearing capacity of the base plate (1) can increase Underlay, e.g. with planks, can be increased. In each of its four corners is a base (15) Z 1.2 welded onto it for vertical screwing in of strong Bolt (14) Z 1.

The jacket pipe (2) Z 1.4 is in the immediate vicinity of the base plate (1) filed.

Its length can be determined according to local conditions the length of the work has an influence on the general execution of the work not. Pipes between 10 and 20 meters appear to be cheap. The jacket pipe (2) has a strong, externally attached and welded opening at its upper opening Ring (13). First of all, this ring serves to prevent the battering ram when driving in of the casing pipe (2) to be included in the earth and, secondly, a sagging under to prevent the bottom plate (1), because the outer diameter of the ring (13) is larger than the diameter of the opening in the center of the base plate (1).

The top plate (3) Z 1,2,3, which is a unit with the locking ring (4) Z 1, 2, 3, forms, is between the upper opening of the still lying on the ground Jacket pipe (2) and a frame for the reinforcement wire rolls, roughly upright position. The brake cone (33) is screwed up and the The clamping screws (18) in the locking collar (4) are turned back a little. 25 reinforcement wires will be a piece unrolled and each individual reinforcement wire (20) Z 3, is through his respective drilling channel in the locking collar (4).

The top plate (3) with locking ring (4) has the same as the bottom plate (1) an opening in its center (25) Z 2 (which is surrounded by the locking collar (4)) to let the battering bear through.

However, its diameter is only so large that it corresponds to the inner free Space between the 5 reinforcement wire bundles below the guide collar (21) Z 1,2, is equivalent to. This measure is appropriate to ensure the strength of the top plate (3) to favor, and thus the angle of inclination of the reinforcing wires (20) above the Guide collar (21) Z 1, as pointed as possible can be kept. The base the top plate (3) is the same as that of the bottom plate (1). Except for the opening in the center the top plate (3) there are four smaller openings in the Corners from her, to let through the upper ends of the bolts (14).

The locking ring (4) is a strong ring on all sides. He is in the present Provide case with 25 drill channels plus 3 reserve channels. Through each of the 25 drill channels a moving wire (20) is guided. (The function of the reserve channels is in advanced imaginary work process) The direction of the drilling channels is not completely perpendicular, but it inclines a little outwards, so that the reinforcement wires (20) Z 3, have the same angle of inclination as the outer wall of the brake cone (33) Z 1,2,3, corresponding to the shape of the brake cone (33) has the locking ring (4) a terraced recess on the upper inner edge. The brake cone (S3) can by means of four screws (34) Z 1,2,3, which smoothly through the brake cone (33) go and grip with their threads in the locking collar (4), be moved up and down. Each of the 28 drill channels has a right-angled, communicating one Hole for receiving a clamping screw (18) Z 1,2,3. The terminal screw end is sanded smooth. A steel cylinder slides freely in the communicating bore (19) Z 3, which is the pressure from the clamping screw (18) on the reinforcing wire (20) should be transferred.

While the surface of the steel cylinder (19) corresponds to the clamping screw (18) turned is also sanded smooth, the opposite face is the to press on the reinforcement wire (20), lightly roughened. That way will prevents the reinforcement wire (20) from changing its cross-section due to grinding, Suffering from rotating movement when pinched.

After the 25 reinforcement wires are individually guided through the drill channels more armor wire will be unrolled and all of the wires will come together pulled through the lying jacket pipe (2). At the end of this is the pole shoe (5) Z 1,3, ready. The 25 reinforcement wires are divided into 5 bundles. Each of these bundles is guided through a borehole in the anchor plate (6) Z 3, the is temporarily still-free outside the pole shoe (5).

Behind the anchor plate (6) is the 5 reinforcement wires of a bundle a locking washer (7 (Z 3, opened, it can also slide loosely for the time being. The bundle of 5 is then welded through a borehole, one in the pile shoe (5) Anchor tongue (8) 2 3 out. The bundle is pulled through quite a bit so that duf the 5 reinforcement wire ends a second locking disc (9) Z 3, are placed kann0 The locking disc (9) serves as the main resistance under the ratchet tongue (8) against the tensile stress to be generated later, therefore it is made somewhat stronger as the first locking disk (7) both together contain 5 vertical through-holes and 5 communicating horizontal bores, the latter for receiving one Clamping screw. The anchor tongues (8), (for a better overview are in the drawing 3, in the pole shoe (5) only 2 tongues instead of 5 tongues are shown) are both in their material thickness as well as in their attachment in the pile shoe (5) of such Resistance to tensile stress that they can reach something before the full Tensile force that is applied to a bundle of reinforcing wire, gives way resiliently. The first Lock washer (7), which is firmly seated between anchor tongue (8) and anchor plate (6) prevents another one by its stop under the kiker plate (6) Springs of the anchor tongue (8) (The situation is on the left in drawing 3 the pole shoe representation (5)) This device results in the following reached: If the tensile stress on the 5 reinforcement wire bundles is somewhat unevenly vert ilt should be, the uneven distribution is caused by the resilient yield of the 5 alik tongues (8) counterbalanced, preventing one or more reinforcement wires from tearing is prevented. At the same time, the stress is distributed, initially alone on the lowest locking disc (9) was after the locking disc stopped (7) against the anchor plate (6) on both locking washers, creating a double-secured Anchoring of the reinforcement wires in the pile shoe (5) is achieved 0 the anchor plate (6) is a disc with a larger opening in its center that allows filling of the pile shoe space under the anchor plate (6) with concrete. The anchor plate (6) is in its place in the pole shoe (5) by means of a bayonet lock-like Device (lo and 11) held. The inner and outer diameter of the pole shoe (5) corresponds exactly to that of the jacket pipe (2). The upper edge of the pole shoe (5) is surrounded on the outside with a strong mashette (12) Z 3. About half its width extends beyond the upper edge of the pole shoe (5) to later than Provisional bracket at the end of the jacket pipe (2) to serve.

When the anchoring of the reinforcement in the pile shoe (5) is completed is a round timber, about 1 meter long, with tenons equal to the inner diameter of the casing pipe (2) placed on the upper opening of the casing pipe. This log has a sufficiently large groove that allows the 25 reinforcement wires to emerge unhindered permitted just above the edge of the jacket tube with a ring (13). Then the jacket pipe (2) Pulled up on the ram frame to the vertical position. The pole shoe (5) Will be added later. Only when the jacket pipe (2) hangs freely above the ground, the pile shoe (5) is temporarily attached to the casing pipe (2) in such a way that he later found himself in the ground with the concrete pile driven by the Raminbär, from the jacket pipe again light releases. After this preparatory work, the jacket pipe can be installed in be rammed into the earth in an exactly perpendicular direction, so that the ring (13) the base plate (1) pushes open. If there are enough working hands during pile driving free are, these can be in step with the lowering of the jacket pipe the excess Roll up the unrolled reinforcement wire, or a man will take the 25 reinforcement wires and directs it to free space as soon as the casing pipe goes down and unrolls them again after completing the pile-driving work. The bolts (14) Z 1, with nuts (16) and threaded protection sleeves (17) are quickly screwed into the base (15).

The bolts (14) are round bars made of good steel, which extend over their entire length about two thirds are threaded, the remaining third has a smooth surface. The length of the bolts (14) is to be chosen so that it fits the Be able to hold the top plate (3) at an appropriate distance from the bottom plate (1), the lowering of a hydraulic jack and the strapping of the longitudinal one Reinforcement permitted. There is no special requirement for the external shape of the nuts (16), posed, they only have to be able to withstand a pressure of approx. 4 to 5 tons, without suffering damage. Pieces of steel pipe can be used as thread protection sleeves (17) whose inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer one Diameter of the bolts (14). That the bolts (14) are not along their entire length The purpose of the thread is to ensure that the top plate (3) is as frictionless as possible To allow lifting movement on the bolt ends that occurs when the top plate (3) is raised hydraulically to create the desired tension in the reinforcement. The purpose of the nuts (16) is to retighten the pressed top plate (3) to fix in their reached position. The threaded protection sleeves (17) are interposed, by the distance between nuts (16), unthreaded bolt end and top plate (3) to bridge 0 The upper edges of the threaded protection sleeves (17), which the top plate (3) serve as a support, are adjusted by adjusting the nuts (16) brought to a height. A couple of strong workers grasp the top plate (3) with locking ring (4) and the 25 reinforced reinforcement wires and put them on the end faces of the bolts (14). When fitting the bolts end into the four corresponding openings in the corners of the top plate (3) Z 2, make sure that that the reinforcement wires run in a perpendicular direction to the pile shoe (5). Possibly.

the position of the base plate (1) must be corrected.

This completes the construction of the device.

Before the reinforcement work, which only required two men are to be continued, check whether the top plate (3) is evenly on rests on all four threaded protection sleeves (17). - It is most advantageous when one of the men places every single reinforcement wire on the top plate (3) (2o) grabs and stretches the wires with equal effort while his partner every reinforcement wire that is under tension using a clamping screw (18) holds on in its position. All 25 reinforcement wires are pre-stretched in this way and clamped, the 3 brake cone (33) is used as an additional safeguard by means of the four screws (34) moved downward until there is sufficient clamping action on the rebar (20) line 3, is achieved. Around the hydraulic jack in the center of the opening of the jacket pipe (2) to be able to set up, two double-T support pieces are welded together in an X-shape.

This pad is placed on the edge of the jacket pipe (2) and ring (13), erected between the reinforcement wires. The hydraulic jack will placed exactly in the center. A cross made from carrier pieces, which the Opening (25) Z 42 »in the center of the top plate (3) is bridged onto the piston of the hydraulic jack, which is now ready, the full desired tension in the reinforcement.

The guide collar (21) Z 12; is even before generating the full Tension around 25 reinforcement wires, between base plate (1) and top plate (3) placed.

The guide collar (21) is approximately 5 cm wider and 2 cm thick Iron ring. It is divided into two parts along its diameter. At one point of intersection a hinge is attached and a locking device is attached to the opposite interface appropriate. The inner diameter of the guide collar (21) corresponds to that of the circle, on which the 5 holes in the anchor plate (6) Z 3 are placed. In the inside edge of the Kihrungskragens (21) it has 5 small indentations which are even with each other Have gaps. When the guide collar (21) is placed around the 25 reinforcing wires and closed, 5 wires that belong to a bundle can easily be place in one of the indentations. Due to the later tension in the reinforcement wires, the guide collar (21) and the 25 reinforcing wires divided into 5 bundles, are held in their position once taken.

The hydraulic jack can now be fully activated. The second worker constantly follows the upward movement by tightening the nuts (16) the top plate (3) until the pressure gauge on the hydraulic jack has the desired pressure indicates. Once it is reached, the four nuts (16) are tightened firmly once, then the hydraulic jack, its base and the cross piece can be removed werden0 Now the strapping of the tensioned longitudinal reinforcement is started. Three props are required for this. 1 # reinforcing wire spirals (23) Z 4, 2- one Spiral conveyor (22) Z 1,2,4 (short Tränsporteur genrnTnt), 32 a conveyor rope (26) Z 4, with accessories.

The reinforcement wire spirals (23) Z 4 may also be made from leftovers of the wire coils used for the longitudinal reinforcement. The wires are on a rotating cylinder, which has a smaller circumference than the circle which form the 5 tensioned armor wire bundles, wound up. The one pursued with it The purpose is that the tying wire (23) is unwound from the spiral and tied the longitudinal reinforcement still that Has endeavored to be relative firmly to lay the longitudinal reinforcement.

The conveyor (22) is a work-facilitation device.

It consists of a plate (22) Z 2, an attached core and runs on three or four roles. Possibly if the plate (22) is provided with a guide finger, which runs in a groove around the ring (13) Z 2, around the opening of the jacket tube (2). The purpose of the conveyor is to hold the unstable reinforcing wire spirals and keep the worker's hands free for other tasks.

The haul rope (26) Z 4 is a hemp rope about 1.5 to 2 cm in diameter. At one end there is a weight (27) of approx. 20 kg.

attached. The weight (27) consists of two plates, which means four screws (one in each corner) are held together, but between There is an approximately 1 cm wide gap between the plates, which can be created by inserting 1 cm thick lock washers on the four screws in the corners can be achieved. Spreading fingers (29) should be able to move easily in this 1 cm gap. These spreading fingers (29) are in the vertical center line between the two Plates stored on top of each other at the required intervals. In unloaded condition all splay fingers (29) hang loosely. So that they have an impact of a resistance on their underside do not move completely sideways-upwards there is, for example, a screw for each spreading finger (29) between the plates placed as a stop in such a way that it only extends upward to a certain position can move. The lowest two splay fingers (28) have a secret axis, they are held in a V-shape at their outermost ends so that they look like claws Constriction, which begins as a closed ring (24), can better grasp and thus a ponding of the weight (27) is avoided.

The total length of the hoisting rope (26) including the weight (27) is slightly longer than the jacket tube (2) used.

Above the weight (27) are pipe clamps-like at the desired intervals Cuffs (32) fastened around the lianftau (26).

On these cuffs (32) are to prevent tilting, fastened with two vertically superimposed rivets U-profile iron (31). the open side of the U-profile points downwards.

There are also two Sproizfinger (30) on a small axis between are stored on both sides of the U-Prozils. The U-Prmfil irons (31) are at half of its length bent so that the splay fingers (30) move upwards to the side only allow up to a desired location.

The greatest distance between the outermost tips of a pair of splay fingers is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the jacket pipe (2), but not so much smaller that e.g. the left splay finger slides off the constriction when the right spreading finger touches the jacket pipe (2) after removing the hydraulic Hebers, a worker places a rebar spiral (23) on the Trarlsporteur (22), loops the reinforcement wire completely around the stretched longitudinal reinforcement and attaches the loop to one of the reinforcing wire bundles (24) with binding wire Z 4, the second worker has meanwhile stood on the top plate (3) and slowly sinks the weight (27) of the hoisting rope (26) through the opening (25) the top plate (3). The worker who holds the hoisting rope (26) agrees with his partner and hand over hand gradually lets the weight (27) inside of the jacket pipe (2) while the first man on the body moves the conveyor (22) half a turn around the jacket pipe opening, pushing an expanding finger (29) lifts the reinforcement wire of the spiral (23) under the spreading finger, pushes the feed dog (22) again, lifts an expanding finger (30), the Reinforcing wire of the spiral (23) leads under the expanding finger (30) etc., etc. This is repeated until the upper Mayiii fills that the weight comes up. After this burping, he pulls the hauling rope (26) out of the jacket tube (2) again. The first worker cuts the spiral (23) and makes one or more extra loops and fasten the end well and firmly with binding wire.

The reinforcement is ready.

The watering can begin.

The concrete is brought to the most advantageous clay by pressure pipe, and fed into the jacket tube (2) with a suitable hose. It is corresponds to the free space between the armouring wire bundles to make contact to prevent with the constriction. Is the jacket pipe (2) to just below the edge filled, you can put about 1 meter long iron rods between the reinforcing wire bundles Sink halfway into the concrete mass in order to fully compensate for the to obtain a somewhat reduced breaking strength of the pile on the sprue level. Besides that you can use a 20 cm wide strip of tar paper or something similar from the outside Place around the longitudinal reinforcement and also sink halfway into the concrete. This can be used to prevent water from penetrating the reinforcement in the sprue seam.

The concrete mass, which has solidified to form a pile, is removed from the casing pipe by means of a pull ram driven. Before the ramming work begins, the brake cone (33) and the clamping screws are in place (18) to loosen the pile should after a few ramming blows by its own weight sagging (this is especially possible when working in water) can be sagging can be braked and stopped by pulling the brake cone (33) again.

to put a circular wooden collar on the end of the hose, the is stopped if desired, the clamping screws (18) are again for double security dressed.

Finally, a word about the three reserve drill channels in the locking collar (4). It can be seen that the reinforcement wire supply before the casing pipe (2) is fully poured on one roll is no longer sufficient for the next length, the relevant Reinforcement wire cut above the locking collar (4). The wire of a new role is guided through a reserve drilling channel and as the 26th

Reinforcing wire well below the edge of the casing pipe attached to the corresponding reinforcing wire bundle. In this way can its end ' poured into the pile to be poured and anchored well.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS see 1. Device with essential accessories for making place Piles made of concrete especially for foundation work where great depths in extremely weak soils are to be reached, e.g. in the case of roads through hulls, creating links between islands, or re-building oil rigs in open waters - characterized in that the pile to be made in it a) can receive a continuous prestressed reinforcement, b) the variable strength requirements can be adjusted, c) at its gate points, except for the continuous pre-stressed Reinforcement, an extra reinforcement reinforcement can be obtained, d) in theory unlimited and continuous length can be cast, e) nevertheless that the longitudinal prestressed reinforcement is located below the level of the earth's surface, a regulation compliant Can receive constriction, f) in the sprue seam against advancing can be protected by water for reinforcement, g) exactly in the desired length can be cast, 2.) device with indispensable Accessories for the production of site piles from concrete according to claim la, lb, thereby characterized that the pile shoe used in it a) as a seal for the lower Opening of the jacket pipe and at the same time as an anchor for the longitudinal to be tensioned Reinforcement is used, b) an elastic, stress-compensating anchorage and additional has a rigid safety anchorage that takes effect after the tension has been equalized. 3.) Device with indispensable accessories for the production of site posts made of concrete according to claim la, lb, ld, le, characterized in that the in her used locking ring a) a clamping device for each individual reinforcement wire possesses in the preas effect of the clamping screw indirclit, by inserting a in the communicating bore of the sliding steel cylinder, on the reinforcing wire is transmitted in order to obtain a maximum pressing surface and by friction to prevent possible damage to the reinforcement wires, b) at its upper inner Edge has a terraced gradation in its entire circumference, the wall of which has an inclination angle that is identical to a cone around the ratchet, which can be moved vertically up and down by means of three or four screws, whereby a stepless tamping on a large braking surface between the ring-shaped Terrace wall and cone vertical reinforcement wire is possible. 4.) Device with indispensable accessories for the production of site posts made of concrete according to claim le, characterized in that the used together with it Conveyor rope a) at its beginning with a heavy, but still manageable weight is provided that this weight in its vertical center line a number, has spreading fingers that are movably mounted at desired intervals from one another. That the bottom two spreading fingers are split in two at their ends to grip i: 1. the first constriction, as well as to prevent the weight from swinging, and that their sideways upward movement is limited by stops, so that movement from the vertical rest position should not be more than about 450 upwards to each side can, so that the two-part ends are always ahead of the face of the weight. That from one to the next of the remaining weight-bearing expansion fingers, the Difference in height of the intersection of the splay fingers with the spiral lacing that Half of a spiral pitch. b) for further splay fingers combined in pairs, a number of holders attached to itself, their number and spacing from each other through the length of the hoisting rope and the desired pitch of the constriction spiral is determined. That the brackets are clamp-like cuffs on them a U-profile iron is attached, which with its offc. side points downwards, is bent at the desired angle and so is the pair of splay fingers stored in it serves as a stop for a sideways upward movement, c) midway two, different ones Devices spreading fingers attached to it, in association with gravity of Weight, the regular and continuous downward conveyance worried about the spiral windings and that all splay fingers in the working position still have something stand below the horizontal, so that apart from the vertical pressure on the strapping wire, even a slight inward force can be effective which is a concern the spiral constriction to the longitudinal reinforcement. L e r s e i t e