DE1880499U - LOADING AND TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT FOR HALM FRUITS. - Google Patents

Description

^ -. 487553-30.7.63

P Λ T E N TAMWALT

Dr. DItTBR LOUlS
NURNBERQ

Matthias Eschlb'öck in Untereschlbach and Rudolf Eschlböck in Prambaehkirchen (Austria)

Loading and transport device for crops

The invention relates to a loading and transport device for crops such as hay, half hay, clover, green fodder and similar cargo, such as silage, beet leaves, potato tops and the like.

Loading and transport devices to which the invention relates are preferred as single-axle trailers for Tractors and similar towing vehicles trained. The cheaper constructions of this type make it possible to carry out various operations, such as mowing, collecting and loading green forage with one-man operation from the driver of the tractor. Known devices of this type are, for example, with a built-on or attachable collecting device, a material press and its own roller floor that can be driven by the tractor equipped longitudinal conveyor. This floor conveyor conveys the load it has been pressed to the rear, where

ear eventually accumulates on a back wall. It surrenders So a heavy and complex overall construction, that of the building this well-known charger in small and medium-sized businesses is contrary. The roll teaded construction is so complex that self-loading wagons equipped with it are only efficient in small and medium-sized farms if the Loader wagons can also be used for other purposes, e.g. for spreading manure. However, this requires easy interchangeability of the provided additional devices and in particular a dependency of the collecting and pressing device, whereby the Overall construction even more complicated and difficult to wicd. Furthermore, loading trolleys with roller floors also result in long, discharge times of around five to ten minutes, a drive of the floor conveyor is required for unloading. For design reasons it is In addition, it is necessary to carry out the loading wagons provided with roller floors as Eochlader, in which the loading area is above the Axes of rotation of the impeller he lies. This results in a high overall center of gravity, which results in unfavorable driving characteristics, especially on dirt roads. Because of the high location of the roller floor results in a high expenditure of force and effort for lifting the load and a complicated one and elaborate execution of the pick-up device or the need to have the pick-up device of its own, the To connect the load to the transporter lifting off the loading area.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate those identified Deficiencies and the creation of a loading and transport device of the type mentioned, which has a simple, weight-saving structure is at least equal to the known devices in terms of performance, while operating a lower performance expenditure

required than the known devices and can be quickly loaded and unloaded with simple operation.

A loading and transport device according to the invention is essentially characterized in that a loading wagon that over a loading opening provided at the front of a collecting device with the load that is combined with it to form a structural unit can be charged, has a loading area consisting of several lowerable individual elements, the elements of the loading area are at least partially flexible and are detachably connected at one end to the carriage so that they are under the Loosening thrown load can be pulled out and a Conveyor device is provided which, when loading, conveys the loaded goods on the loading area in the longitudinal direction of the car and against which is arranged at the rear end of the car for unloading detachable counter-holder presses on.

The embodiment according to the invention makes it possible to arrange the loading area very low and in some cases even for the Lower the load so that the pick-up device has practically no lifting work to do. The floor construction is extremely simple and, in addition to a lightweight construction, also ensures rapid construction using the simplest means Unloading the loading wagon. In the simplest case, especially when bringing in green fodder, the soil itself can be used as a longitudinal conveyor be used. In this case it is made of ropes and wires running in the longitudinal direction of the car in a rust-like manner or thin rods lowered to the ground during loading so that the grass stubble between the ropes

grab, the thrown from the pick-up on the ropes » Grass is held by this stubble and this grass is caused by the friction on the stubble when driving on of the loading wagon moves backwards relative to the loading wagon. It is usually advantageous for other loads, but one driven longitudinal conveyor with oscillating pistons, push forks

or rake to be provided, with no additional information for further transport. particularly high energy expenditure is necessary because the ropes, wires, chains or boards from which the loading area can be constructed, have only a low frictional resistance.

Further details and appropriate configurations of the subject matter of the invention can be found in the following description of the drawings.

The subject matter of the invention is illustrated, for example, in the drawing. Show it
fig. 1 a charger according to the invention, designed as a tractor trailer device, during work in <plan view,

Fig. 2 and 3 the device according to Pig. 1 in side and rear view, but a repeated representation of the tractor was dispensed with,

4 and 5 an actuating device for one of the rear ends of the rope Reverse winding core in back and side view, Pig. 6 another version of a loading and transport device, partially schematized in side view,

Pig. 7 is a plan view of the front part of the charger; Pig. 8 a further loading and transport device with one optional, for example via a suitable trailer hitch can be attached in and to the side behind the tractor track, as

Single-axle trailer designed loading wagons schematically in Side view,

Pig. 9 shows a section through the floor of the loading wagon; and FIG. 10 shows a section along the line X-X of Pig. 8 through the conveyor on a larger scale.

! fold the pig. 1 to 5, a loading wagon has a frame essentially in the form of a downwardly open U-beam, consisting of two side walls 1, 2 designed as lattice girders, which are connected at the top by cross struts 3, which has a single-axle chassis attached behind the overall center of gravity of the trailer having. The radars 4 of the chassis are rotatably mounted on stub axles 5 attached to the side walls facing outwards, ie they are not connected to one another by a continuous axle, as is otherwise the case. At the front end of the car a hitch is provided which has four struts combined in pairs to form forks 6,7 at a height distance from each other, which together hold the upper and lower end of a vertical pivot axis 8 in .Abstand in front of the actual car part. On this pivot axis 8, a reinforced by aufgesähweißte web plates 10 attachments fork 11 is provided with a bearing bushing 9 mounted, which carries 12 at their leg ends of the coupling pin, with which it up to torn hydraulic lifting mechanism of the tractor 13 and niederschwenkbaren lift arms H can be coupled, also is below A spur wheel 15 is mounted on the axis 8 so as to be pivotable about the axis 8 and which can be adjusted in height with the aid of a spindle which can be actuated via a crank 16.

The car also has a lattice frame executed © rear wall 17 »which is mounted on the side wall 1 around hinges 18 around a vertical axis to the rear so that it can be swiveled away and can be fastened to the wall 2 via a lock 19 »could another design ?! the back wall by one too upper horizontal axis can be opened or made removable at all. Between extended down over the latticework Longitudinal legs 20 of the frame side struts are also superimposed Shaft stubs 21 passed through the legs 20 and held in corresponding bearings are a roller-shaped winding body 22, the spaced-apart Sinhangehaken 23 along one of its generators has ordered. The suspension hooks are intended for fastening end eyes 24 of wire ropes 25 with their other hands on one of the side walls at the bottom in front Cross members 26 are held. The length of the ropes 25 is kept greater than the length of the car. Wemjrüie ropes 25 in the hook 23 are attached, they form a grate-like loading area consisting of parallel ropes for the loading wagon.

One of the two. As shown in particular in FIG. 4, the stub shaft 21 is extended beyond the leg 20. A toothed wheel 27 and a ratchet wheel 28 are rotatably mounted on this “Veilenstummel” and furthermore a hand lever 29 is rotatably mounted. For the ratchet wheel 28, a pawl 31 pivotable about a fixed pivot point 30 is provided. The ratchet may further be f by its own weight or Feztern against the ratchet pawl pressed 29 via a twisted attached to this, 32 in the one rotational direction by means of the hand lever. Since the ratchet wheel is firmly connected to the shaft 21, it takes the winding body 22 during this rotation

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in the sense of winding up the ropes 25 with. A turn back The pawl 31 is prevented by the winding body. Around To be able to tension the ropes even when the car is loaded, a hand lever 33 is additionally provided, which is connected to its lower end is adjustable on an axis 34 and thus selectively brought into and out of engagement with the tame wheel 27 Pinion 35 carries. The shaft 21 can also be accessed via the lever 33, albeit with a greater reduction than via the Lever 29, to be rotated. It would also be possible to have the pinion 35 and gear 27 mesh continuously and the gear 27 with it to store an overrun clutch on the shaft 21. In the FIGS. 2 and 3 show an embodiment variant in which the lever 29 drives an intermediate gearwheel 36 via the pawl, which in turn first meshes with your gear 27. By loosen the pawl 31, the winding body 22 is released and the ropes can run from it, Duröh pulling on one of the Ropes or with the aid of a further, not shown crank, the winding body from the one shown in FIG Turn the position clockwise by about 180, so that the eyelets 24 of the ropes 25 from the hooks 23 slide and the ropes 15 are thrown from the winding body 22.

The frame 1 forming a side wall has an opening 37 at the front, through a horizontal axis 38 is bridged, on which a hollow shaft 39 is rotatably supported. This hollow shaft 39 is from the power take-off shaft 40 of the tractor Via a cardan shaft 41, a coupling (not shown) and a chain or V-belt drive attached to the carriage 42 drivable and forms the driving shaft as a lift

collecting device for the cargo serving, transversely to the direction of travel working and attached in the manner of a boom chain rake 43, which also with the help of a via the crank 44 operable winch 45 can be pivoted about the axis 38, so that ar during road transport no increase in vehicle width required. The working height of the chain rake 43 can be a means a crank 46 height-adjustable support roller 47 can be set. For the chain rake 43 is also one on the Side wall 1 supported support strut ^ 48 provided. As can be seen is, the length of the chain rake is chosen so that its outer end with the outer end of the cutting bar 49 of the tractor mower is in line.

During operation, after the wagon has been coupled to the tractor 13, the winding body 22 is used for road transport with the help of the hand lever 29 twisted so far that the ropes 25 are sufficiently tensioned. The front end of the wagon with the help of the hydraulic tractor hoist lowered and the desired ground clearance of the front end of the car is set with the aid of the spur wheel 15. Furthermore, the chain rake is brought into the shown working position lowered. The clutch connecting the power take-off shaft 40 to the V-belt drive 42 is engaged. Now the ropes 25 are unwound so far from the winding body 22 by loosening the pawl 31 that they, as in particular

the end
special / Fig. 2 it can be seen, rest with most of their length on the ground. When driving, the chain rake 43 now takes the load, which according to FIG. 1 from a direct

bar previously mowed grass swaths with the help of the mower 49 consists, of course, of a swath of hay or leaves or can consist of other roughage to be loaded, and promotes it on the front of the ropes 25. The between the Ropes reaching through grass stubble or the like. looking for that to hold the laid grass, so that this shifts backwards and backwards with respect to the car while driving. at the closed rear wall 17 accumulates. If the car is full or the desired amount of cargo is loaded, then after disengaging of the rake drive of the rake 43 swiveled up. Now the ropes with the help of the hand lever 29 and stretched as far as required by winding it onto the winding body 22 and thereby lifted off the ground. The entire loading wagon is also brought into horizontal position with the help of the tractor hoist and can now be retracted. For the Unloading it is only necessary to unhook the ropes 25, as already described, from the hook 23, whereby the. Load falls to the ground. When the rear wall 17 is swiveled away, the car can now be driven away from the load, whereby the ropes are pulled out from under the load.

Uach FIGS. 6 and 7 has the loading wagon again the shape of a box consisting of side walls 1, 2, which are connected at the front and rear by cross members 3, the Seitenwänöe.1, 2 spaced battens, straps or Have wire mesh for cladding and delimiting the loading wagon. At the rear, the cargo space is again limited by a rear wall that can be pivoted away. The loading area exists also here from spaced wire ropes 25, thin

Rods or metal bands, which are fastened with their front end at the bottom of a cross member 26 and, as in the previously described embodiment, are hung at their rear ends with eyelets in hooks of a rotatable and lockable shaft. In addition to fig. 1 and 2 arranged wheels additionally on the front outriggers 51 on both sides of the vehicle, height-adjustable rollers 53 via cranks 52 When adjusting the height of the rollers 53, the trolley swivels around the wheel axis, the rollers 53 are essentially used for stopping
Support of the transport trolley / the loading process. During road transport, the loading wagon is raised from the front by the pulling tractor, so that it is then pulled behind the tractor as an infeed trailer. A drawbar 54 which can be connected to the two lower links of the tractor steering system and which is in turn connected to a boom 55 via a vertical axis 56 is used to couple the trailer to the tractor. The boom 55, in turn, is mounted on the trailer so that it can pivot about a vertical axis 57 and can be positioned in a transverse direction perpendicular to the direction of travel.

58
position with the aid of a socket pin / ind in the position indicated by dashed lines in FIG. In the position shown in full in FIG. 7, the transport carriage runs laterally offset at the rear next to the tractor track, while in the position shown in dashed lines, the transport carriage follows the tractor track. Depending on the size of the swath to be picked up or the like. is loaded in both trailer positions

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of the transport trolley possible. Sitting on the front of the trolley one made of resilient steel tines 61 fastened to dinsr shaft 60 ″ "Existing push rake where" at the shaft across the side of her Attached lever 62 and compression spring 63 can be rotated with a limit stop is so that it presses the Einken 61 against the floor when the Yorderende of the trolley is lowered. Furthermore is the front a pusher conveyor provided with pusher forks 64 is provided on the trailer, which is operated by the PTO shaft of the tractor Drivable via a cardan shaft 65 and an intermediate shaft 66

above
iat. The shaft 66 drives / an angular gear a crankshaft 67, on which the thrust forks 64, which are additionally guided with their free ends on levers 68 and which, when driven, support a crankshaft 67 shown in FIG. 6 describe the cam track 69 illustrated and are offset from one another on their tracks 69.

In the case of the covering position illustrated in FIG. 6 the load is picked up by the tines 61 with the transport carriage pulled and by the forks 64 on the ropes 25 that remain taut pushed on. The ropes 25 require practically no -frictional resistance, so that despite the frontal arrangement of the push forks pushing back the load to the end and then pushing it back Pressing of the load guaranteed when it is filled again is.

It should also be mentioned that in place of the push fork arrangement oscillating pistons or similar "devices as push conveyors" can also be used that the rake 60}. 61 by a drivable, if necessary, then rigidly attached Loader wagon from a raised transport position to the working position Lowerable pick-up drum is replaceable that eventually for tensioning and releasing the ropes and winches, cranks or the like. "Can be used.

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Mach de "n Fig. 8 to 10, the floor of the loading wagon forming the loading area consists of two longitudinal boards 70, which can be pivoted about horizontal longitudinal axes 72 on the lame 71 and in particular from that in Pig. 9 shown loading position can be pivoted downward in the direction of arrows 73. The width of the boards 70 depends on the ground clearance of the axes 5 a "b. For holding the boards 70 in the üüransportsteliung Chains 74 are provided, one end of which 76 is attached Hooks 75 or eyes of one of the two boards 70 are attached, but with their other enues 77 each to a tensioning lever 78 are performed, with the help of which they are occasionally tightened or loosened, even released at the end in question can be. Between the two boards 70 are loose on the chains 74 to complete the loading area Boards 79 placed. These boards can have supports on the underside, so when the load is dropped and thus also the boards 79 after loosening the chains 74 a pulling out of these chains under the load is possible. It is also conceivable to arrange the hand levers 78 on a common shaft and thus the loosening or tensioning of the chains under actuation can only be carried out with one hand lever. In this version, there is also a common lever for all levers, for example acting on the shaft locking device in the form of a ratchet or the like. provide.

A collecting device is provided for the loading wagon, which is shown schematically as a pick-up drum 80 but can also be any other collection device. The pick-up device

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/ ■ picks up the goods to be charged from the ground and throws them via a front opening of the loading wagon that remains free under a grate 81. Furthermore, the loading wagon is equipped with a conveyor provided for the load. This conveyor consists of angled beams 82 that are in groups Are connected to each other via cross bolts 83 and carry gripping tines 84. The ones running diagonally upwards front parts of the bars 82 sit on a crankshaft 85, which is from the power take-off shaft of the tractor or else from one of the wheels 4 via a suitable reduction gear is drivable. The rear ends of the beams 82 are attached to the vehicle frame via rods hinged on both sides or suspended with the help of ropes 86 so that they can vibrate. When using ropes, it is possible to use these ropes wind up on a cable drum stored in the vehicle frame, so that the height of the rear ends of the beams 82 can be adjusted. With driven conveyor perform the bars 82 and thus also the gripping prongs 84 connected to them oscillating movements, with the prongs 84 of the rising parts of the beams 82 each during the upward swinging movement

through slots 87 of the grate / into that of the pick-up device transported onto the loading area and immerse yourself in the front of this stowed load and roll it up. As the loading space becomes more and more full, an ever greater number of prongs 84 get in with the load Intervention until finally the tine ends to the rear pointing beam parts the load a component of movement

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issue to the rear. As can be seen, the prongs 84a arranged in the region of the rear ends of the bars 82 are mounted pivotably about transverse axes 88 up to a stop 89. It is achieved by the fact that these tines only dip into the load during the delivery stroke, but only slide over the load on the return movement without the load being carried along. ^

The rear wall of the loading wagon shown in the exemplary embodiments can optionally go through the front and ropes attached at the rear, detachable at least on one side, a hoist covering the top of the car or a tarpaulin be replaced.

Claims (14)

Expectations: 1. Charging and transport device for crops, characterized in that that a loading wagon that united with it to a structural unit via a loading opening provided at the front The collecting device can be loaded with the load, a loading area consisting of several lowerable individual elements having, wherein the elements of the loading area are at least partially flexible and detachable with one end are connected to the carriage so that they can be pulled out from under the load dropped when loosening them, and a conveyor is provided which, when loading, conveys the loaded goods on the loading area in the longitudinal direction of the car and presses against counterholders arranged at the rear end of the wagon and removable for unloading. - 14 - 2. loading and transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the loading area of the trolley made of rust-like arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle with transverse distances from each other, with their ends (24) befastigbaren, continuous ropes (25) or the like. loading point that can be loaded by the collecting device (43) subsequent longitudinal area from a raised transport position can be lowered to the ground so that they drag on the ground while driving and the load placed on them due to the ground friction shifts in the longitudinal direction towards the rear end of the car. 3. loading and transport device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the loading wagon has a removable or Has pivotable rear wall (17), on which a winding body (22) for the rope ends with lever drives or the like is preferably provided. (29,33) to adjust it. 4. Loading and transport device according to a / em of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the vehicle frame is made of side walls expediently designed as lattice girders (1, 2), the at least above cross struts (3) to an open at the bottom U-beams are connected, the vehicle wheels (4) on stub axles attached to the side walls facing outwards (5) store. 5. Loading and transport device according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the loading wagon in on known way as a single-axle trailer with behind the overall center of gravity of the vehicle-arranged axle (5) - 15 - / (Yy ι formed and the ground clearance saines front end about a support roller (15) and / or by coupling of the front end of the car on the hydraulic lifting mechanism of a tractor (13) can be adjusted from this lifting mechanism. 6. Loading and transport device according to one of the claims 1 to 5 »characterized in that the pick-up device as pulled by the PTO shaft of a loading wagon behind it Tractor's drivable, transversely positioned, endless chain or conveyor belt rake (43) is designed, which is laid out in the front is arranged on the same side as the mower (49) of the pulling tractor on the loader wagon and the material picked up above throws a side wall opening (37) onto the loading area. 7. Loading and transport device according to claim 6, characterized characterized in that the chain or conveyor belt rake (43) can be pivoted open around its deflecting shaft (39) on the wagon side and in the swiveled-up position on the loading wagon is lockable, 8. Loading and transport device according to one of the claims 1 and 3 to 7, characterized in that it is preferably as a collecting device (61, 62) or a mck-up drum (80) arranged on the front of the loading wagon, which conveys the load onto the loading area, a drivable push conveyor that pushes the load further on the loading area (64) is subordinate. 9. Loading and transport device according to one of claims 1 to and 8, characterized in that the push rake has resilient prongs (61) which are attached to the front of the trolley a common, stop-limited via springs (63) in the sense - 16 - a pressing of the prongs on the ground rotatable or pivotable transverse shaft (60) are attached. 10. · Charging and transport device according to one of claims 1 and 3 to 9 »characterized in that the push conveyor has push forks (64) which can be driven via a cranked shaft (67). 11. Loading and transport device according to one of claims 1, 3 to 7 / and 9, characterized in that the conveyor further conveying the load is spaced apart with gripping prongs (84) or the like provided rods or beams (82), which are angled or bent and at least extend upwards on the iliagenfront and above the loading area Extend part of the length of the car, with their rear ends pivotable or swingable (86) on the car and over a crankshaft connected to them in the area of their door part (85) are drivable to oscillate, so that the prongs (84) -das Convey the load up and back in the wagon. 12. Charging and transport device according to claim 11, characterized in that that the front of the loading space can be loaded, leaving one of the pick-up device (80) free The lower opening is limited by a grate (81), through whose slots (87) the prongs (84) of the outside Immerse the conveyor (82) in the load. 13- · Loading and transport device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized characterized in that the rods or beams (82) of the conveyor with their rear ends on rods hinged on both sides or held on ropes (86) adjustable in height on the car. - 17 - 14. Loading and transport device according to one of claims 1 and 3 to 13 »characterized in that the loading area of the Loading wagons at least in their transverse middle part from loosely arranged at a distance, via levers (73) or the like tensionable transverse chains (74) or ropes are placed on boards (79), which are thrown off by loosening the chains or ropes can be, with the chassis · and the frame of the loading wagon formed connectionless below the loading area is. 15 “Charging and transport device according to claim 14” dadiuch characterized in that the loading area is divided into several individual boards (70,79) od, the like. And the side boards (70) are mounted on the frame in such a way that they can be folded down about longitudinal axes (72) lying in the area of their outer edges. Hlnwttlti This document (description and protection language) w. I: .-, - · ■ · ■ · ■ ·;.: "■; ~ ^, ^ ^^ version of the documents originally submitted. Do r ■ - ■. 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