DE1758299A1 - Apparatus for melting oxides, e.g. Uranium dioxide, plutonium dioxide and mixtures of the two oxides - Google Patents
Apparatus for melting oxides, e.g. Uranium dioxide, plutonium dioxide and mixtures of the two oxidesInfo
- Publication number
- DE1758299A1 DE1758299A1 DE19681758299 DE1758299A DE1758299A1 DE 1758299 A1 DE1758299 A1 DE 1758299A1 DE 19681758299 DE19681758299 DE 19681758299 DE 1758299 A DE1758299 A DE 1758299A DE 1758299 A1 DE1758299 A1 DE 1758299A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- oxides
- melting
- dioxide
- crucible
- mixtures
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- OOAWCECZEHPMBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);uranium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[U+4] OOAWCECZEHPMBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 4
- UTDLAEPMVCFGRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Pu] UTDLAEPMVCFGRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 4
- FLDALJIYKQCYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[Pu+4] FLDALJIYKQCYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 4
- FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[U]=O FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000722270 Regulus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/10—Crucibles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/002—Smelting process, e.g. sequences to melt a specific material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
- F27B2014/0818—Discharging
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Description
Vorrichtung zum Schmelzen von Oxiden, wie z.B. Urandioxid, Plutoniumdioxid und Mischungen der beiden Oxide Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Schmelzen von Oxiden, wie z.8. Urandioxid, Plutoniumdioxid und Mischungen der beiden. Oxide in einem Schmelztiegel, bei dem nach einem Vorheizprozeß die in Pulverform vorliegenden Oxide durch direkten Stromdurchgang bis zum Schmelzpunkt erhitzt und geschmolzen werden.Device for melting oxides such as uranium dioxide, plutonium dioxide and mixtures of the two oxides. The invention relates to a device for melting of oxides, such as 8. Uranium dioxide, plutonium dioxide, and mixtures of the two. Oxides in a crucible, in which, after a preheating process, the powder is present Oxides are heated and melted to their melting point by direct current will.
Bei den bisher benutzten Vorrichtungen wird hierbei der Schmelztiegel nach einer 15 ständigen Abkühlzeit nach Abheben des wassergekühlten Gehäuses von oben her durch Absaugen des pulverförmigen Materials und Herausheben des Schmelzregulus entleert. Dieses Verfahren ist umständlich, zeitraubend und führt leicht zu einer Staubentwicklung durch das beim Schmelzen nicht erfaßte zwischen Schmelzregulus und Tiegelwandung befindliche pulverförmige Material. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Vorrichtung, die diese Nachteile dadurch vermeidet, daß der Boden des Tiegels mit dem Schmelzregulus und denn restlichen pulverförmigen Material in einen Raum unterhalb des Tiegels absenkbar ist, wobei der Tiegelinhalt in diesem Raum entleert wird.In the devices used so far, this is the crucible after a 15-hour cooling time after lifting the water-cooled housing from up by sucking off the powdery material and lifting out the melting regulator emptied. This procedure is cumbersome, time consuming and easily leads to Dust development due to the between melting regulators that was not covered during melting and the wall of the crucible in powder form. The subject of the invention is a device which avoids these disadvantages in that the bottom of the crucible with the melting regulator and the remaining powdery material in one room can be lowered below the crucible, the contents of the crucible being emptied in this space will.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung hat den Vorteil, daß die Entleerung des gesamten Tiegelinhaltes in noch heißem Zustand unmittelbar nach dem Schmelzvorgang durchgeführt werden kann. Nach einer anschliessenden Trennung des Schmelzregulus vom pulverförmig verbliebenen Material wird der Tiegelboden zur Vorbereitung einer neuen Schmelze wieder in die Ausgangsstellung hochgefahren. Die Trennung ermöglicht, daß das pulverförmig verbliebene Material nach 3o min und der Schmelzregulus nach fünf Stunden soweit abgekühlt ist, daß eine Handhabung möglich ist. In der Abbildung ist eine beispielsweise Ausführung der erfindungsgemUen Vorrichtung dargestellt. Diese besteht aus einem wassergekühlten Gehäuse 1 und einer wasser-#-ekühlten oberen Elektrode 2 und einer als Stromzuführung dienenden Graphitelektrode 3, die auf einer Kupferplatte befestigt ist. .Der . innere Mantel 4 des Tiegels besteht aus einem elektrisch nichtleitenden keramischen Material, so daß der Stromübergang nur an der aus Graphit bestehenden Bodenplatte 5 erfolgt, die auf der wassergekühlten unteren Kupferelektrode 6 aufliegt. Als Material für die Tiegelwandung wird z.B. ein Gemisch von 6o % Aluminiumoxid und 4o w Siliziumcarbid verwendet, das sehr thermoschockbeständig ist und eine sehr niedrige Leitfähigkeit besitzt. Der Raum zwischen äußerem Stahlmantel 7 des Tiegels und dem Keramikzylinder wird zur besseren Wärmeisolierung der Schmelzzond mit Granulat aus keramischem Granulat 8 ausgefüllt. Die Vorwärmung des pulverförmigen Materials erfolgt vorzugsweise durch einen gut leitenden Körper, 2.B. aus Graphit, der den Kontakt zwischen Graphitelektroden 3 und 5 herstellt und aus dem Schmelzraum entfernt wird, sobald das umgebende :@',aterial genügend aufgeheizt ist. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß zunächst im Zentrum ein guter Stromdurchgang erfolgt und bei einer weiteren Stromerhöhung die Erweichung bzw. das Schmelzen eines wesentlichen Teils des Materials eintritt. Unterhalb der Kupferelektrode 6 liegt eine Entleerungskammer 9 aus hitzebeständigem und rostfreiem Stahl, die staubdicht ausgebildet ist und mit Schutzgas geflutet werden kann. Die gekühlte untere Kupferelektrode 6 des Schmelzofens ist mit der darauf befindlichen Platte 5 mittels einer Hydraulik 1o in die mit inertem Gas geflutete Kammer absenkbar. Ein Edelstahlrost 11 dient zur Aufnahme des Regulus, während in dem darunter befindlichen Trichter 12, ebenfalls aus Edelstahl, das pulverförmig verbliebene Material aufgefangen wird.The device according to the invention has the advantage that emptying of the entire contents of the crucible while still hot immediately after the melting process can be carried out. After a subsequent separation of the enamel regulator The bottom of the crucible is used to prepare a new melt raised again to the starting position. The separation enables that the remaining powdery material after 30 minutes and the melting regulation after five hours has cooled down enough to allow handling. In the picture an example embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown. These consists of a water-cooled housing 1 and a water-cooled upper electrode 2 and a graphite electrode 3, which is used as a power supply and which is on a copper plate is attached. .Of the . inner jacket 4 of the crucible consists of an electrically non-conductive ceramic material, so that the current transfer only occurs on the graphite Base plate 5 takes place, which rests on the water-cooled lower copper electrode 6. A mixture of 60% aluminum oxide is used as the material for the crucible wall and 4o w silicon carbide used, which is very thermal shock resistant and a very has low conductivity. The space between the outer steel jacket 7 of the crucible and the ceramic cylinder is filled with granules for better thermal insulation filled from ceramic granulate 8. The preheating of the powdery material takes place preferably through a highly conductive body, 2.B. made of graphite, the Establishes contact between graphite electrodes 3 and 5 and removed from the melting chamber is, as soon as the surrounding: @ ', aterial is sufficiently heated. This achieves that first there is a good passage of current in the center and in another Current increase the softening or melting of a substantial part of the material entry. Below the copper electrode 6 is an emptying chamber 9 made of heat-resistant and stainless steel, which is dustproof and flooded with protective gas can be. The cooled lower copper electrode 6 of the furnace is with the The plate 5 located thereon is flooded with inert gas by means of a hydraulic 1o Chamber can be lowered. A stainless steel grate 11 is used to hold the regulus, while in the funnel 12 below, also made of stainless steel, which is powdery remaining material is collected.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEB0097749 | 1968-05-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1758299A1 true DE1758299A1 (en) | 1971-03-04 |
Family
ID=6989264
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19681758299 Pending DE1758299A1 (en) | 1968-05-09 | 1968-05-09 | Apparatus for melting oxides, e.g. Uranium dioxide, plutonium dioxide and mixtures of the two oxides |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1758299A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4015785A1 (en) * | 1989-05-20 | 1990-11-29 | Doryokuro Kakunenryo | ELECTRIC MELTING FURNACE FOR GLAZING WASTE |
-
1968
- 1968-05-09 DE DE19681758299 patent/DE1758299A1/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4015785A1 (en) * | 1989-05-20 | 1990-11-29 | Doryokuro Kakunenryo | ELECTRIC MELTING FURNACE FOR GLAZING WASTE |
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