DE1619900A1 - Activated carbon tablet - Google Patents

Description

Pittsburgh Activated CJartooa CJorap & ßjr ■ -..- "-

Pittsburgh "Pemu, TP.Sfc.A. · ■ '. ■.

- 24 ". April 967

The present2 Erflrwäung- concerns exxtrs ^

When used, Vöji-pülvrisierte ^ iüct-Lycolile represents; the emptying of the containers, in vrelöhsn tais coal is being used, in the factories "?" an arhatoliehas Fr-otilsai dar ". By · coal dust wide b. alsh from Wid öripgt everywhere BtH ₃ so that he leaves the school difficulties. Heinigen öes operation and even pose a risk of explosion. In many cases, in which large quantities of activated charcoal are used, Maii has separate areas for emptying the sacks and bulk consumers. Even underground storage tanks are built and the cabbage is fed in large containers and poured through closed Sühtit;. tem in-these storage tanks Moreover demanding, workers are ,, -which the Kinbririgen of coal in the entflirberiden to Lösunge n-commissioned higher because of the "unangexi ^ hmen Arfceit wages ,, and through sparsely coal dust The resulting dirt requires excessive bait, -mid -fi & orriiMMge amounts of Se for removal

BATH ORIGINAL

9 8 2 77 Ii ÖS .. - -:

Pulverized® activated charcoal is used in large quantities for 1kiXi &? Bmi of liquids such as ehealsöhsn. Rainig ^ Bosraittala _} s? .B- »Pei» »hlorSthylesci und KolilenwasserstofflosiV / .iivSsnlur.elia ^; Ί ^ Sfcoddard-Solvant and Haphtha ,, H-ihrTdueksrlosungeiia. 'Jlaisswokös ¹ -

Nischsn solutions are used. The inclusion of the tier Keliie in diö -; ^: ; ii Lösimg is; as I said; ^ ebeii.r.-ilis nait zin & m

The present invention is therefore the task of eliminating the use of activated carbon toestehsnda dust test through Hsrsfcsllimg a new carbon tablet "-" In addition, the invention is intended to make an activated carbon tablet _: .. Proposed v / erdon.,. Soft sin in chejiiisolian cleaning bottles leioht ltSsliohes binding agent-contains »

To achieve these objects, "the Verwendung- vcn salts au-handle tablets au process by binding the carbon particles with a detergent together," proposes mm _ft DIE finely divided activated carbon to fixed * easily. . sulfoialerter aliphatic hydrocarbons as Binderaittal © represent an essential feature, since no other satisfactory results were achieved »■ ■ -

109027/1106

The binder should in the lisoimgsKdtfcei or · in plural marriage oils fablstte introduced Wifö, lelpht soluble or * flispe'rgierfoai: _x ^k be, the ml ^ r- oöör ätß - teilelienforniige activated carbon ■ Suia EfcoBntfö ⁴ ben solution vsi / füghar VFIR - !. For this reason it is void to have a binding between the trays, which do not allow them to disintegrate in the solution ",

The Srfindimg is particularly pills star ¥ erwend \ mg in chemical ReinigungsfXiissig & nits \ rie PerclilorMtliylen and in Kohlenwasserstoffloöuiigsniittöln as Stoäöard-solvent and naphtha, and Fl-aorGhlcralkan-Tpocsicenreinigimgsmitteln such as!,!, L-trichloro-S ^ S-trifluoräthsn. It is also suitable for the production of tablets for decolorizing cane sugar solutions, corn sugar solutions in Bübensuckerlöstingen and various other organic solutions.

The invention will be vrird in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings eriäutertj show it

FIG. 1 - a tablet according to the invention from which a part has been broken off;
Figure 2 - a corresponding representation of another embodiment

management form of the tablet egg according to the invention Figure 5 -. a corresponding representation of a further Aus » ? i. «..,;, guiding form of the required tablet.

10 9 8 2 7/1106 bad original

-4- ■ _

In FIG. 1, a cylindrical tablet 2 is shown, which consists of activated carbon particles 4 and one that holds these particles together Binder 6 is free * in which .. as a binder the Sodium salt of a sulfonated aliphatic hydrocarbon with 10 to 13 carbon atoms is used. Uta the disintegration To accelerate the tablet through a larger surface, it can be accelerated with an opening 8 running through its center be provided.

Figure 2 shows a solid tablet .10, which is made of coal particles. 12 and a binder Ik made from the sodium salt of a sulfonated aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbon. Consists of 10 to 13 carbon atoms.

In Figure 3, a tablet 16 is shown, which for improvement of appearance with a white coating 22 over the activated carbon particles 18 and the binder consisting of the sodium salt of a sulfonated aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbon 20 is provided. The coating consists of a filter aid such as diatomaceous earth, which is held together with the same binder as the coal particles will. As usually in all fields where powdery Activated carbon is used, also filter aid are used, the use of such an outer layer has no adverse effect.

109 327/1106

As a binder can generally alkali, Affaoniura and Amine salts of sulfonated aliphatic hydrocarbons with 8 to 18 carbon atoms and preferably 10 to 13 carbon atoms be used. Unsuitable binders are therefore Natriurado & ecansulfonatj, KaliumdeQansulfönafc, the sodium salt of sulfonated aliphatic petroleum oil hydrogens with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, ammonium trid. @ Cansulfonate and that Potassium salt of sulfonated aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbons with 10 to 13 carbon atoms. The sodium salts are preferred.

Although the tablet can be produced with the wetting agent alone, it has proven advantageous to dissolve the binding agent in a solvent such as, for example, perchlorethylene, 1,1,1-trilloroethane, I, l, l-trlohlor-2- , 2_ _f 2-trifluoroethane, 1,2-dichloro-1, 1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, Stoddard solvent, hexane, toluene, benzene, xylene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl chloroform, 2.2 -DlchXorpropane, 1 »2,3-trichloropropane _? Use chlorine & ethylene, etc. The same solvent is preferably used for the binder as in the cleaning liquid to be decolorized, in order not to introduce any foreign matter. Hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons are preferably used as solvents.

109827/1106

16199Q0

The binders made with the solvent-containing binders Activated charcoal tablets disperse the solvent slowly Evaporation .ab, but keep accumulating during the. Evaporation of the solvent was initially sin that increase Strength observed, which, however, leveled off before the entire solvent was lost. A solvent is preferably used used together with the binder. The loss of weight of the tablets due to evaporation of the solvent was Irrelevant.

The tables preferably contain from 3 to 5 % binders, aliphatic hydrocarbon sulfonates and from 0 to 50% activated carbon. If less than 30 % binder is used, the tablet will not stick together very well and if less than 50% binder is used, the tablet will be sticky. If one accepts a certain deterioration in the properties, the biradic drug can, however, also be reduced to 20 or 25 % or increased to 55 or 60 % .

If a solvent is used, the binder 3 can make up> 0 % up to 100 % of the total amount of binder plus solvent. Generally the mixture of binder and solvent consists of about $ 15 to $ 50 solvent.

The © Fetroieumsulfon-at used as a binding agent can still be used modified substances are added, but these do not have any

BAD '109827/1 106

essential importance. -Preferably- the binding agent (excluding solvents) consists of petroleum sulfonate for at least $ 50. Modifying substances that can be used are, for example, small amounts of alkali phenyl ether sulfate - "with a side chain containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms" - alkylphenol-ethylene oxide "condensation product with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group of 4 to 20 carbon atoms in the molecule. Polyäthyiengly.kol, for example with a Mol @ i £ Ularg @ weight - τοη 20,000 _β and polypropylene glycol, glycerol esters of higher fatty acids, a.Be eiycerinmonoleate, eggeepin tinostearate imd Cflycerlnraionopalriiafc '. It is even possible to use water as a diluent. to use agents or solvents, although water is not normally a preferred solvent in the tablets according to the invention.

The tablets can have any shape and for example spherical, cylindrical or rectangular, elliptical or otherwise be designed.

The weight of the tablets can be approximately between 1 and 500 g. A tablet of approximately 125 S cm villain may have an outer diameter of approximately 6.25, a height of about IQ cm and a hole diameter of about 1.35 cm ¹ have, for example. A tablet weighing about 250 g can be produced proportionally with correspondingly larger dimensions. On the other hand, however, tablets of, for example, 10 ram

109827/1106

Diameter and 2 "now height in the context of the invention Jti © rg @ represents will.

The tablets are in a press or in the usual way. Tableting machine manufactured. The pressure can be between the pressure required to close the press and about 140 kg / cm * If finely divided activated carbon is used, pressures of 125 or 140 µg / os are generally achieved. up to 1400 kg / era ² applied. When using granular active fluid © ·. For example, with a particle size of 2.35 to 0.60 µm (particles which pass a US standard sieve 8 and are retained by a US standard sieve 30), the pressure used is advantageously not higher than 350 kg / cm. Grains of this size

ρ
can already be crushed at pressures over 40 kg / ctn, so that this should preferably be avoided.

The activated carbon used can have a particle size of less than 0.044 mm. There are carbon powder used _t which is at least 72% a sieve having a mesh width of 0.044 mm (U-325 standard sieve) happen. In the present description, powdered coal KbhXetellchen foi £ 0.15 mm in size (US Sieve 100) and granular coal are now understood to mean coal particles with a size of over 0.15.

The activated carbon used can have an iodine number of 400 to 1200, but the best ergo! ml & SQ ". at Jodaahlen.

109827/1106

between 900 and 1100-scored. Di © -iianera. The surface © is preferably at least 9QO m / g. Imd can be up to 110 tu Vg ". The molasses number is preferably at least 195" and can be up to 400 and inenr. As an example of preferable © Aktivkohlea kfömen ⁿ Pittsbm * gh BT / "and Pittsbiargh" SGI are called ₁ ¹¹ ,, Wex ciiö the "following figures" have "s - ·

Inner surface, m / g Apparent density, g / errr True density

Pore volume (in the particle), estr / g Iodine number, mg / g, "minimum molasses number, minimum ash, weight J ^, maximum Sieve analysis, through U.S. Sieve 325, ^

"Pittsburgh SQL" passes through a sieve with a mesh size of 2.55 mm (US sieve B), but the main part remains on a sieve with a mesh size of 0.60 mm (US Sleb j50) »

Other activated carbons such as "Darco Premium "or Nuchar CEE-H" can be used, however these less preferred.

000-1100 "95O-XO5O ö _# 51 0.48 2.1 2.1 ■ 0.90 0.85 000 900 230 SOO 8.5 8th '65 -75

BATH ORIGINAL

109827/1106

Th the erfiMungsgemäßen Tablet -may at -beliebiger barn © zn

genes or beet sugar solutions can be added, for example · in the button or sand trap or »in © other«. a suitable place in a cleaning system,

Unless otherwise noted, all quantities relate to on weight.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples Illustrated - The mixture used in these examples. A. had the following composition:

Sulfonated sodium salt! aliphatic Petroleum hydrocarbon at 10 to 15; Carbon atoms 65 ^

Sodium salt of alkylated diphenyl ether

sulfonate with 8 to 18 substance atoms

in the alkyl group ¹ ^

Alkyiphenol-Ethyienoxyd-ICondensation product

with 8 to 1> carbon atoms in the

Alkyl group and 9 ethylene oxide units 5% -

Polyethylene glycol molecular weight 20 OQG 2 %

Hexylene Glycol $ 2

Qlyeerinmoriooleate 5 ^

Perchlorethylene 17 ß

Examples 2 and 5 show the unsatisfactory results, when using detergents other than aliphatic hydrocarbon sulfonate «^ obtained ..- are *

10 9 8 27/1 10 6

1-ΒΊ 9900

In further experiments, no-satisfactory tablets were found Activated carbon and the following detergents Sodium allcyibenzene sulfonate, fetriumdiotylisulfosuceinat * fi moneoleate, sorbitan tristearate, bis (trldeeyl) ester of sulfosuccinate. . ■, '-

Example 1 "'., ^; ·

In a mixer (Cincinnati Mix: Huller) 75 g Mix A and 120 g of activated carbon would ^{* PIttslsurgh BL "/ mixed for 15 minutes From this -to a tablet press (Carver, Press, 32 / min piston) ^ffiifc ifischungwurden a pressure. . from 1400

2 '

kg / cm and a dwell time of 10 seconds tablets.

The tablets were left to stand overnight after which they were quite hard and usable. They crumbled while standing or not in handling, but easily disintegrated into Perchlorethylene.

Example 2

When 100 g of another detergent mixture, which consisted of hO $> ethoxylated nonylphenol, 5% pilsoprspylamine salt of alkylbenzenesulfonic acid and 55 # mineral oil, was mixed with 132 g of activated carbon of the same type as in Example 1 in the same way and compressed into tablets, the air-dried crumbled Tablets when pressed between fingers

109827/1106

• - 12 - ■

and were therefore unsuitable. The same result was found
obtained when 40 g of Detergentraisehung mixed with 60 g of activated charcoal and 15 minutes long a) at 560 or b) at
280 kg / cm were compressed into tablets. In any case it was
get a soft and easily crumbling tablet,

Example 3

The procedure described in Example 1 was carried out with 150 g of mixture

A and 240 g of the same activated charcoal and tray! Crush from

a) 1100 and b) 560 kg / cm repeated and then the tablets
air dried. The tablet produced at a pressure of 1100 kg / cm weighed 2.88 g pounds; she lost 2.69 % of her weight in the course of 2 weeks and in the course of 18 months
A total of 6.86 % of your weight. However, the tablet also held, then together, but fell apart easily Ferehloräthylen.

The tablet produced with a pressure of 56O kg / cm lost ^; 8.02 % of her weight over 18 months and was thereafter
also still firm and usable. , ·

Example 4

Example ? was repeated using 150 g of mixture A and 240 g;

the same activated carbon with tabletting prints of a) 280 and *

b) 140 kg / cm were compressed into tablets. In both cases -

were tablets with the same good strength as the;,

2 ■

Tableting pressures of 1100 and 560 kg / cm were obtained.

109827/1106

Example 5 '...

When using, 60 g. the same. Activated charcoal as in Example 1 together with 40 Ms 50 g of various commercially available detergents which did not pass aliphatic hydrocarbon sulfonates * resulted in crumbly and - in every respect "unsatisfactory" valley. In these experiments, the following commercial detergents were used with the 60 g of activated carbon:

' ^: 48 g ...'':' ■ "■ '" MO g -

47 g _; 49 g

; 44 g. ■ ^: 49 g

Λ6 g.

a) "Pace Per © ' "Statical * β) "Maid" d) "Perelite ¹ ' ·) ^lr Paa Maker " r) "Par 4" β) "Tex N" H) "Merasol" Example 6

From 60 g of activated charcoal "Pittsfeisrgh BL" and 40 g of Misehmiag A as well from 60 g of the same activated carbon and 54 g of mixture A were satisfactory tablets made.

Example 7

From a mixture of 5 g of "Pittsburgh BL" activated carbon and 5 g aliphatic! Petroleum sulfonate ("Ploklear" from Pennsalt} was made a satisfactory tablet produced at a pressure of 560 kg / cm » The tablet ■ had a diameter of 29 mm and a height of 15 »nm and was almost and stable. When replacing the

^1m

Activated charcoal "Pittsburgh BL ^H dureh« lie glefch® M @ Bg® activated charcoal "Bare © BC ^H or" Dare © 8 ~ 5l ^w were also obtained solid® tablets, which, however, were not as stable as the asit ^W

Tablets of 60 parts- activated carbon "which corresponded *" Pittsburgh BL "and 30 parts Petroleumstxlfonat ⁿ Floklear ^sf mirden. For bleaching wia cleaning, used by sehmiitslgeiii PerehlorEthylen from © iner TroGkenr'einigungsanlag @ * achieved Ms msrda a wssentllch © .Verbesserimg. as aiss üem. llesswigea d®r © pt! see sealing © (he "D ·) 'at 450 / U 750 / M stating" g ". 100 / ηώ' schmutzi according FereMoräthylen% mräd said Tablettenmeng® ge

di® Mlsehimg: stirred for 5 hours at Bauna temperature ^, filtered dt © optical diene at a depth © of 10 ^: en ganessen .. .-

Table 1 ■ * >. at 450yu 0 .: σ «Ι 0.920 0.703 0.610 O> 514 0.520 D. at 75Ö / a 0.033. 0 * 168 ■ 0.125. .,. _; .0.104. 0.117 ^:

Blank test 0.5 g tablet 1.0 g tablet 2.0 g tablet 4 _Ä 0 g tablet ©

At 45Oyu the color range is measured υήά © ine Äbnatoe value indicates a decrease in color $ asu At 750> u the opacity is measured and an increase in the value indicates an increase in opacity. . ■ ■.

1098277

161990G - 15.

Example 9

150 g of "Pittsburgh SGL" activated carbon (particle size 2.35 to 0.60 μm _s US standard sieve 8 to 50) were stirred with 9 g of mixture A. b) 42 lsg / eia ² , c) 70 kg / eto ?, d). 140 kg / em ² , e) 210 kg / eta ² , f) 280 kg / cm ² and g) 350 kg / cra exposed. In all cases tablets were obtained which could be taken immediately. After standing for two days, "they were even better. Although 'all tablets were satisfactory * were after c) and d). get the best pills. All of the tablets disintegrated very easily in ferbloroethylene.

Although all tablets obtained in Example 9 are useful were, they were not as good as those made from powdered activated carbon "Pittsburgh BL".

Example lO

A series of tablets were made using activated charcoal (Pittsburgh), which essentially corresponded to "Pittsburgh BL", and the indicated amounts of sodium petroleum sulfate ¹¹ Petrosul 744-LC "(component A) and perchlorothyiesi (component B). One tablet each at 140 kg / cm and one tablet at 700 kg / cm were produced, with the following results: ''

BAD ORiGWAL

¹ * i t

10 9 8 2 7/1106

^ Table _j2

10 90 90 both tablets did not work

20 80 9® beici® tablets did not last

together .

JO 70 90 both tablets were in Oro »

but a bit soft

4 © SO - 90 both® tablets were in order »

nwng

50 50 90 both® tablets were in order

tion

0 90 both tablets were in order

ntsng

■ 20 - 90 both tablets were in order

βθ 4-0 -90 both tablets were in order

- tion

Example 11

By producing a fast 50 g of sodium petroleuinsulfonate "Petrosul f ^" W ⁿ and 50 g of water, mixing with 90 g of the same activated carbon as in Example 10 and pre-pressing

2 2

l40 kg / cm or 700 kg / cm - good tablets were obtained which Easily disintegrated into Perch! orethylene. However, the tablets were not as good as the one with perchlorethylene instead of water manufactured.

..Ui 1 09827/1 106

Example Ig -.

There were tablets »sit in each case 5® g
"Petrösul T44 ~ IaO ^M and in each case - 50. β νβϊββΜβββηβρ solvent produced. Mach d @ ® Yer-wlse & en des sulfonates ©., With the solvent 90 g of the same Äktlirkolil © ^ Example 10 stageg-afeaa, tmd" a) b © l 140 iss / cm bsw "fe") - b © l? 00 kg / esa tablets, manufactured "Als - ILdaimgsisitt © !; ww? d @ n

2) acetone

4)

T) toluene
The results were

1) Good tablet teas were obtained between both broths, which Easily decayed in Peröhl or Ethylene ·. "". "" "-." .

2) At the higher Druok "good tablets wwcd®n 'obtained while the obtained at the lower .Druek, were unsatisfactory.

3) None of the tablets, held together »

4) Both tablets were. Well. and could easily be added to perchlorethylene. disperse.

"5) BeIdQ tablets were naltt®lmä01g _ff . Could jeöooh be used»

6) Both tablets "were good in their relationship.

7) Both tablets were -inj © ä © 3? Relationship, good.

109.82.7 / 1106 ^:. BAD OfflOMAL

1615900

The best results would be a salt practice
achieved.

It mirden b © friedigende tablets from 6 NC Steep "Pittsburgh. B £» ^R and 40 parts © in © r Missfeiag of Matrlös sulfonate aliphatic. Hydrocarbon © old. 10 -to 1J5 sto-ffatoiäiesi and 'PerohlörSthylea · receive, w & m & the iliselamg

a) 65 ^ ■ sulfones * and

b) 83 ^ Sulphqnat wnd
e] T ^ SuXfonat

contained. Dia.tabletten are, feel 14O kg / ea

Throwing pacific pills from MsehungeK

a) 15 S filter aid "^ fIp Super Gel", 35 S A & tiyäöohle ■■ -

"Pittsburgh PSG" and 45 g of fish A and.

b) 25 β filter aid "il ^ fIo Supsr € ©!% · 25 g Aktivfeoia» "Pittsburgh PSC * wad 45 g mixture A obtained * ... ■

Satisfactory Tsfeletteji hei, Driielsss iroai, 140 kg / cm 'and 700 kg / en "were produced, respectively.

Me inventions © afelettejs be © hfi © a look- dsdursh ,. ά®, 8 si © practically no dust vmä. at dar ilasMlliafeiürig nlafot "ser-crumble, feeiai bring in!, ösiiögssritfctei. flip diu fraeEc®ns» © isii »However slightly z & rt & llen *

_BA0 «« »» «■

109827/1 106

Claims (4)

ia ^ g 545 β? 4 "-prio 27.4. / 3 Bcskt 1-GSR - 4742) Pittsburgh Activated Carbon Pittsburgh, Fenn. " V.St.A. Hnentt «, / April 24, 1967 Godfather η ta η s ρ τ it © Ii ©. 1 activated charcoal tablet, d & dMrsn gekesiasselelmet * that si © im essential. from activated carbon and © iaeia detergent from aliphatic Cotile hydrogen sulfate exist as a binder " whereby the coal preferably © 50 '^ is TO Ctew. # der =' ßesamt » tablet and the tablet may contain a small amount of solvent from the group of hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons, preferably a chlorine « contains hydrocarbons. 2. Tablet according to claim 1, characterized * that it contains perehloräthylea as solvent, 5- tablet according to claim 1, characterized in "that they a NatriUBükohlenwasserstoffsulfonat with 8 to 18 carbon atoms contains in the hydrocarbon residue. 4. Tablet according to claim 3, characterized in that it contains an activated carbon with a Jcözahl vgtl 900 to 1100 and a particle size of at most 0.15 µm . 109827/1106 fO 5 · Process for decolorizing dirty solvents from the Dry cleaning «, characterized in that the dirty solvents? Tablet according to claim 1 to brings in * disintegrates the tablet and decolorizes the dirty solvent with the disintegrated tablet. 6 ·. Process according to claim 5 *, characterized in that one used a tablet with a low dry cleaning solvent content. hb »: eu. 109827/1 106