DE1619107B - Antistatic textile auxiliary for synthetic fibers - Google Patents

Description

IO

The invention relates to an antistatic textile auxiliary of the oil-in-water mixture type, which forms a stable emulsion, which is used to prevent synthetic electrical charging Fibers is used.

For this purpose are l-ethylol-2-alkyl-imidazolines, the one αμκΐι reaction of fatty acids and Hydroxyäthyldiamin wins, known. They are only used as cationic surfactants used because it is unsuitable as an emulsifier for finishing purposes in combination with anionic compounds are.

The invention is based on the object of providing an antistatic textile auxiliary for synthetic To create fibers that form a stable emulsion and give the fibers excellent antistatic properties Gives properties.

The antistatic textile auxiliary for synthetic fibers according to the invention consists of an emulsion of a mixture of 10 to 50 percent by weight of a carboxyethylated derivative of 1-Ethylene ^ -alkyl ^ -imidazoline, 40 to 80 percent by weight Mineral oil and / or an aliphatic acid ester as a lubricating component and 0 to 40 percent by weight of an anionic and / or nonionic emulsifier. The textile auxiliary according to the invention can additionally contain one or more higher alcohols and / or one or more higher alcohols contain aliphatic acids.

The uniformity of the emulsion plays a role in the application of a textile auxiliary emulsion to the fibers and their stability play a crucial role. For example, if the fibers with an unstable If the emulsion is treated, tension lines form after the emulsion has been applied as soon as the Fibers come into contact with or are guided over a metal roller, with the result that that the fibers break and their quality suffers considerably.

A mineral oil or mineral oil is usually used as the lubricating component in textile auxiliaries Fatty acid esters. So far, polyoxyethylated fatty acids, higher ones, have been used as emulsifiers for mineral oil Alcohols or aliphatic alkylamines or amides are used, but these are not always used as emulsifiers suitable for the fatty acid esters.

U.S. Pat. No. 2,730,464 discloses textile auxiliaries known for synthetic fibers, which consist of mineral oil and 2-alkyl-imidazoline and the Fibers are intended to impart antistatic properties. In particular, 1-ethylol-2-alkyl-imidazoline is also used specified as an essential component for an antistatic textile finish. In contrast, offers

15 the carboxyethylated imidazoline compound used according to the invention is a significant technical advance in terms of its emulsion resistance, distribution on the roller rollers and the wetting ability of the application rollers, as can be seen from the comparative examples given below.

The softening agent according to the invention is a very uniform, stable emulsion, and the one that is also excellent Has antistatic properties.

In the new softener, the amount of the individual components can be within a certain range vary, and the constituents should be present in the proportional amounts indicated below being:

component Weight percent Lubricating ingredient
Carboxyethylated derivative of
1-ethylol-2-alkyl-2-imidazoline
Emulsifier 40 to 80
10 to 50
0 to 40

Optionally, a coupling agent in the form of one or more higher ones can also be used in the mixture Alcohols and / or one or more higher aliphatic acids may be present.

Any anionic or nonionic surfactant can be used as the emulsifying agent or use a mixture of such agents.

The textile auxiliary according to the invention is usually used in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion, in which the lubricating mixture in a proportionate amount of usually 5 to 30 percent by weight is available. The proportional amount of lubricating mixture applied to the fibers or Yarn is applied is usually 0.2 to 1.0 percent by weight, preferably about at 0.2 to 0.5 percent by weight.

example 1

In the presence of an alkali catalyst C 1 mole of l-ÄthyloW-heptadecenyW-imidazolin 3 hours at 8O ⁰ reacted in an aqueous medium with 1 mol of methyl acrylate, then the product was hydrolyzed, and it was the sodium salt of 1 - Carboxyäthoxyäthyl - 2 - heptadeceny 1 - 2- imidazoline (this salt is hereinafter referred to as the "carboxylated imidazoline salt") obtained. Using this salt, the following mixture was prepared:

composition

Weight percent

Carboxylated imidazoline salt 20

Mineral oil 60

Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether 10

Sodium salt of petroleum sulfonate 10

The particle size of the resulting emulsion in water was less than 0.2 microns, and no creaming or settling occurred when the emulsion was allowed to stand at room temperature for a week. The antistatic property of the emulsion was measured on fibers by means of a potentiometer of the Kasuga type at a speed of movement of the fibers of 300 m / min. In the experiment, 20 fibers in the form of a yarn were tested ^{at 40% relative humidity and 20 ° C.}

Untreated yarn
Treated yarns ...

Example 2

Electric potential (volts)

+40,000 -5

component

Carboxylated imidazoline salt.

Octyl oleate

Polyoxyethylene castor oil
Oleyl alcohol

. Weight percent

20th

50

25th

Untreated fibers

Fibers treated with a conventional Avivier-Ul-Mixture was

Fibers treated with the agent according to the invention
had been

Electric potential (volts)

+45,000

+5,500

+50

20th

The antistatic effect in the case of treating polyester fibers using the above listed mixture was measured. Also listed for comparison is the result that was obtained was when testing the same fibers, but using a conventional Avivier-Ul mixture from a mineral oil and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (hereinafter referred to as the "conventional Avivier-Ul-Mixture" referred to) were treated.

55

Example 3

There were 100 parts of sorbitan trioleate and sorbitan monooleate (1: 1) by means of the carboxylated according to the invention Imidazoline salt emulsified, and obtained using 30 to 40 parts of the imidazoline salt a very stable emulsion, while using the acetate of l-ethylol-2-alkyl-2-imidazoline or the reaction product of this imidazoline with monochloroacetic acid does not form a stable emulsion could be won. This is illustrated in the table below.

Average Stability of component Emulsion*) (Particle size in microns) Sorbitan ester (100 parts) / carboxy Lated imidazoline (30 parts) ... very stable (0.1) Sorbitan ester (100 parts) / imide azoline acetate (40 parts) unstable (4) Sorbitan ester (100 parts) / imide azoline reaction product (40 parts) very unstable (10)

*) Determined was allowed to stand in a graduated cylinder for 24 hours at 30 ⁰ C by the settling Zuätand, which occurred after 100 ml of the 10% emulsion.

Example 4

The antistatic effect was compared by measuring the electrical potentials that arise when a yarn is guided past a metallic thread guide under friction, which consisted of 34 individual fibers with a total denier of 210 denier and calculated as 0.5% (based on the dry weight of the fibers ) was prepared with a lubricant mixture which had been obtained by mixing 50% mineral oil, 30% polyoxyethylene oleyl ether with 6 oxyethylene groups and 20% of an imidazoline compound which corresponded to the following structural formula I ^

R-C

35

N-CH ₂
CH ₂ CH ₂ OCH ₂ CH ₂ COONa

Q5H31

Q7H35

Q ₇ H ₃₃

Coconut alkyl
Untreated ...

Electrical potential
in volts

-120
-150
-340
-100
-140
+4000
Example 5

Friction force ing

55
56
53
50
55
250

For comparison purposes, lubricant blends were made by mixing 50 parts Mineral oil, 10 parts of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether with 6 oxyethylene groups, 25 parts of a sulfated one Oleyl oleate sodium salt and 15 parts of 1-polyoxyethylene-2-hepta-decenyl-2-imidazoline, which correspond to the following structural formulas II and III, or with 1-ethylol-2-alkyl-2-imidazoline, which of the structural formula IV corresponds to and according to US Pat. No. 2,730,464 for antistatic textile treatment is known. The compounds II and III were added by the addition of 1 or 3Mol ethylene oxide l-EthyloW-heptadecenyKZ-imidazoline obtained. the Appropriate lubricant compositions were applied with the help of lubricant application rollers Multi-ply nylon yarn made of 34 individual fibers with a total titer of 210 denier applied in such a way that

a preparation of 0.5% of the mixture, calculated on the fiber weight, applied to the threads would. The ability to distribute a 5% solution of the lubricant mixture on the application rollers, its emulsion resistance and the potentials, that of rubbing the treated yarn with a metallic thread guide at a yarn speed of 300 m per minute were measured.

_{/ N} -CH ₂

R-C (II)

N-CH ₂
CH ₂ CH ₂ OCH ₂ CH ₂ OH

IO N-CH ₂

R-C

(III)

R-C

N-CH ₂
CH ₂ CH ₂ O (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) ₃ H

(IV)

N-CH ₂
CH ₂ CH ₂ OH

Type of imidazoline derivatives Emulsion resistance Networking the roles Electrical potentials
in volts l-polyoxyethylene-2-heptadecenyl- 2-imidazoline with 2 oxyethylene groups according to the structure formula II unstable l-polyoxyethylene-2-heptadecenyl- 2-imidazoline with 4 oxyethylene groups of structural formula III stable bad l- / 5-hydroxyethyl-2-heptadecylene- imidazoline of structural formula IV according to the state of the art unstable - - l-carboxyethoxyethyl-2-heptadecenyl- 2-imidazoline of structural formula I ... stable Well 60

It is evident that the polyoxyethylene imidazoline compounds of the structural formulas II, III and IV with regard to their resistance to emulsion and the wetting ability of the applicator rolls or the Distribution on the peeling rollers of the carboxylated imidazoline compound according to the invention of the structural formula I are inferior.

Example 6

The emulsion resistance, the ability to network the roles and the electrical potentials when using a lubricant mixture obtained by mixing 50 parts of mineral oil with 15 parts Polyoxyethylene coconut alkyl ether with 5 oxyethylene groups, 25 parts of sulfated whale oil and 10 parts of the corresponding imidazoline compounds were obtained using the same Methods measured as in Example 5, the following results being obtained:

Types of imidazoline compounds Emulsion resistance Networking ability of the roles Electrical potential
in volts l-polyoxyethylene-2-heptadecenyl-
2-imidazoline with 2 oxyethylene
groups
! - / S-hydroxyethyl-2-heptadecylene-
imidazoline of structural formula IV
according to the state of the art
l-carboxyethoxyethyl-2-heptadecenyl-
imidazoline- (2) stable
stable
stable Well
bad
Well 500
100

Claims (2)

Patent claims: 1. Antistatic textile auxiliary for synthetic fibers, consisting of an emulsion a mixture of 10 to 50 percent by weight of a carboxyethylated derivative of l-Ethylene-2-alkyl-2-imidazoline, 40 to 80 percent by weight mineral oil and / or aliphatic Acid ester as a lubricating ingredient and 0 to 40 percent by weight of an anionic and / or nonionic emulsifier. 2. Antistatic textile auxiliary according to claim 1, additionally containing one or more higher alcohols and / or one or more higher aliphatic acids. .