DE1692477B1 - Growth promoting feed - Google Patents

Description

Material in the finished feed by blending an appropriate amount of concentrate with the feed Achieving the desired concentration of supplement can be adjusted. In the preparation of of strong concentrates, i.e. premixes that are converted into finished feed by the feed producer or weak concentrates can be blended, the content of the supplement can be between about 1 and about 25% based on the weight of the concentrate.

The said concentrates can also be added to animal feed to maintain a nutritional level Balanced, finished feed with about 0.0001 to about 0.55 percent by weight bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) -carbohydrazone / ton To yield feed. In the case of ruminants, the finished feed should contain proteins, Fat, cellulose, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals each contain in an amount that is suitable for the person Sufficient needs of the animal in question. Most of these substances are found naturally occurring feed materials, such as alfalfa hay or meal, ground corn, whole oats, Contains soybean oil meal, corn forage, ground corn on the cob, wheat bran, and dry molasses. Bone meal, lime, iodized salt and trace minerals are often added to make the necessary Minerals, and urea to provide additional nitrogen.

As those skilled in the art know, depending on the purpose, feeding method, species of animal, etc., the feed may vary. vary extremely widely. Special feed for various purposes is in "Feeds and Feeding" by Morrison, The Morrison Publishing Company, Clinton, Iowa, 1959.

In the case of non-ruminating animals, such as poultry and pigs, an appropriate feed can be used about 50 to 80% grain, 3 to 10% animal protein, 5 to 30% vegetable protein, 2 to 4% minerals as well as additional vitamin suppliers.

Only small amounts of bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) -carbohydrazone are required in the animal feed or to give the above additives a substantial growth-accelerating effect. If it is used in the proportions mentioned above, these provide feed or Concentrate the animal a sufficient amount of the active ingredient to make the desired one To achieve acceleration of growth. The amount of supplement actually ingested by the animal of course varies not only depending on its concentration in the feed or concentrate, but also depending on the type of animal and its eating habits. In general however, the content should be adjusted so that the animal receives the amounts of supplement given here receives.

It has been found that the unique feed compositions according to the present invention especially valuable when used for non-ruminating animals such as chickens, turkeys, Pigs, ducks, etc., are. One type of conventional lining material that can be used should be roughly between 50 and 80% grain, between 0 and 10% animal protein, between 5 and 30% Contains vegetable protein, between 2 and 4% minerals as well as additional vitamin suppliers. A feed is used that contains a large amount of these substances and a small amount of bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone contains, then the animals reach the desired weight in a shorter time and with a noticeably better feed conversion than usual.

As already mentioned, this means that the animals have a given weight when consuming less Achieve feed amounts than is possible with feed, the growth-promoting according to the invention Addition does not contain. In general, there is improved weight gain and feed conversion when using the feed compositions according to the invention, especially in poultry, piglets, Runner and fattening pigs, although other animals respond to it as well.

In addition, the new feed supplements according to the invention enable the use of Higher calorie, more protein-rich feed to achieve a better feed-to-fattening ratio, and the use of feed that has not previously been used effectively.

A nutritionally balanced feed according to the present invention which is 0.1 percent by weight Bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) contains carbohydrazone, causes a growth stimulus in animals, which is essential is stronger than that of non-supplemented feed. The preferred proportions for poultry feed is between about 0.001 and about 0.25% bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone.

The following examples illustrate the invention by way of example.

example 1

The effectiveness of bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone (manufactured according to German patent 1 257 788) with regard to increasing the growth of chickens is demonstrated in a series of experiments, made with Vantress White Rock chickens. In this test, the 1 day old Chicks divided into four groups (three test and one control group), 25 of each sex, and kept in electrically heated breeders on wire mesh floors. Each group is in a separate Department housed. The three test groups are given a basic feed that has been treated with bis- (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone in amounts of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.25 percent by weight, ton of feed is supplemented. The control group does not receive any supplements. The growth and feed conversion are observed up to 8 weeks of life. The composition of the basic forage is below specified. The supplements are added to the feed in the form of a premix at the expense of yellow corn flour added.

component %
of the mixture Yellow corn flour
Soybean oil meal (50% protein)
Alfalfa flour (17% protein)
Stabilized animal fat
Dicalcium phosphate
Iodized salt 56.65
33.75
2.00
3.50
2.00
0.50
0.60
1.00
100.00 Trace mineral-vitamin premix
lime All in all ...

Vitamin - 5% of the feed

Vitamin A

Vitamin D ₃

Choline chloride (25%)

Niacin (80%)

Calcium pantothenate (45%) ....

Riboflavin-4

Vitamin B ₁₂

Unidentified growth factor from a Streptomyces fermentation

Fine corn flour

% of the premix

10

10

35.25 0.55

10 0.39 0.2

30th

3.75

Mineral mixture - 0.05% of the feed

Manganese.

iodine

Iron ...
Copper..
zinc
Cobalt..

% of the mineral premix

24.0 0.48 8.0 0.8 0.04 0.08

The chicks are observed daily and weighed weekly, and the average gain in g / bird, the growth index and feed conversion are determined. The growth index is defined as

Average increase

with supplemented feed average increase with non supplemented feed

35

100

- - _σ -

and the feed conversion index as

kg feed / kg gain

with supplemented feed kg feed / kg increase with non supplemented feed

Each of the remaining groups shows faster growth and better feed conversion than those with Control group not fed with supplementary feed.

Example'2

The procedure of Example 1 is repeated, but a basic forage with a low calcium content is obtained used in place of the basic feed with normal calcium content of Example 1. The basic forage has the following composition:

55

60

component %
of the mixture Yellow corn flour
Soybean oil meal (50% protein)
Alfalfa flour (17% protein)
Stabilized animal fat
Monosodium phosphate
Iodized salt 58.40
33.50
2.00
3.50
1.50
0.50
0.60
100.00 Trace mineral-vitamin premix
All in all ...

At the end of the test period it is found that the with the bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone supplemented feed-fed chicks had essentially the same increase in growth and feed conversion index show how the chicks with the normal calcium allocation of Example 1.

Example 3

Maryland Medium White turkeys are prepared using the method of the previous examples with a Treated nutritionally balanced feed, which contains 0.1 percent by weight bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) -carbohydrazone contains. The basic forage has the following composition:

component

Weight percent

Finely ground yellow corn

44% solvated soybean meal ...

Corn gluten flour

Alfalfa flour (17% dehydrated)

Stabilized animal fat

Fish meal

Dried corn distillation solubles

Dried whey (50% delactosed)

Dried brewing yeast

Iodized salt

Calcium carbonate

Calcium phosphate

Trace minerals premix of the composition listed below

DL-methionine

Vitamin A (10,000 I.U./g)

Vitamin B ₁₂

Vitamin D ₂ (3000 IU / g)

Riboflavin

DL calcium pantothenate (45%)

niacin

Choline chloride (25%)

56.48 26.94 2.50 2.00 1.50 4.00

1.00 1.00 1.50 0.40 1.30 1.00

0.10

0.10

0.05

0.02

0.025

0.05

0.001

0.001

0.125

100.0

Composition of the trace minerals premix from the table above:

component % manganese
iodine 12.0
0.2
4.0
0.4
0.08
3.6 iron copper
Cobalt:
magnesium

At the end of 2 weeks, the treated turkeys were found to have increased their growth index is about 10% higher than that of the animals in the control group that received the basic diet.

, Β example 4

The procedure of Example 1 is followed, but with the following amounts of bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone: 0.3, 0.4 and 0.55 percent by weight.

In all cases the growth stimulation is consistent with the results of the previous ones Examples.

Example 5

A group of piglets is given a perfectly balanced feed which has been found to be of great value to such animals. These animals which corresponds to about 6 to 8 days of life ¹ S were resides, an introduction food is fed for several days, the 60.1% skimmed milk powder, 10.1% soybean oil, 9.9% glucose hydrate, 1.1% brewers yeast Contains, 0.4% oxytetracycline supplement with 10.1 g oxytetracycline / kg, 16% soy flour and a perfect vitamin and mineral supplement. The pigs are then placed on a starter diet of finely ground yellow corn, oatmeal, soybean oil meal, glucose hydrate, dicalcium phosphate, iodized salt, soybean oil, oxytetracycline supplement, and mineral mix. For some of the piglets, the starting feed is supplemented by 0.1 percent by weight bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone / ton of feed. This feed is started with the approximately 3-week-old animals and fed for a total of 4 weeks.

The supplemented food causes greater weight gain and a substantial improvement in feed conversion than the non-supplemented diet. Repeat this procedure using feed that is by 0.01 and 0.001 percent by weight Until (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone was supplemented, also leads to significant weight gains.

Example 6

The effectiveness of bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone on accelerating growth of chicks will continue to be demonstrated on a test group of Vantress White Rock chicks. In these experiments, the 1-week-old chicks are divided into eight groups (six test and two control groups), 10 each of one sex, and in electrically heated breeders on wire mesh floors held. A separate department is assigned to each group. The six test groups will receive the Basic food from Example 1, supplemented by 0.01 percent by weight bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone / Ton of food given. Unsupplemented food is fed to the two control groups. The growth of the chicks is observed up to an age of 4 weeks. The supplement is added to the feed in the form of a premix added at the expense of yellow cornmeal.

The control chicks showed an average weight gain of 374.4 g (growth index 100.0) compared to 396.6 g (growth index 107.4) in the test chicks.

5 24 By wax Piitterver- Feed supply (Control) cut tumultuous Rating valuation Number of groups ^6th liche index index 12th increase (Control) (G) 100.0 1.99 100.0 6th 374.4 107.4 1.94 102.5 396.6 100.0 1.90 100.0 380.3 105.2 1.97 96.5 399.9

Example 7

The procedure of Example 6 is repeated with the following results. Each group consists from 10 chicks.

65 The repetition of these experiments using feed which is 0.0001, 0.001 and 0.0005% Until (5-nitro-2-furfurai) carbohydrazone was supplemented, also leads to significant weight gains and improvements in feed conversion.

Examples

336 1-day-old chicks (168 male and 168 female) of the Cables tribe are * in 24 groups divided into 14 chicks each and kept in electrically heated breeders on wire mesh floors. Male and female chicks are kept separate. A separate department is assigned to each group. A basic diet is fed to 12 groups (six female and six male), the is supplemented by 0.0022% bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone (20 g / ton). The remaining 12 groups serve as control groups and receive the basic diet without supplements. On the 13th day of life all chicks are weighed individually and the two heaviest and the two lightest in each cage eliminated. The remainder of the experiment is carried out with 10 chicks per group until the end of the experiment Carried out for 4 weeks.

The basic food has the composition given below. The addition is at a cost of ground yellow corn added.

component %
of the mixture Ground yellow corn
Soybean oil flour (50%)
Meat schnitzel (50%)
Soluble fish products (52%)
Alfalfa flour (17%)
Stabilized animal fat
Dicalcium phosphate (36% Ca, 18% P)
Lime (38% Ca)
Iodized salt 52.15
28.10
4.00
2.00
2.00
8.00
2.00
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.30
0.15
0.05
100.0 Vitamin B mixture
Choline chloride (25%).
Unidentified growth factor
from a Streptomyces Fermen
tation Trace minerals premix of the
above-listed together
composition

2Q9 512/205

The results of this experiment are as follows:

group By
cut
liche
increase
(G) wax
tumultuous
index Lining
recovery Feed
ver
valuation
index control
attempt 589.8
612.2 100.0
103.8 1.56
1.59 100.0
98.4

When repeating this experiment with pullets and chickens of the Mateor X Vantress tribe the following results were obtained:

group By
cut
liche
increase
(G) wax
tumultuous
index Lining
recovery Feed
ver
valuation
index Control"
attempt 538.4
569.4 100.0
105.8 1.66
1.60 100.0
103.7

The addition of bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone to the feed thus leads to a significant increase in growth and improved feed conversion.

Example 9

Weather sheep are fed a nutritionally balanced animal feed, bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone contains in amounts of 0.0001, 0.01, 0.0025, 0.005 percent by weight / ton of feed. The sheep are divided into groups of 12, and each group is compared to two groups given the same treatment. The basic food has the following composition:

At the end of 60 days is the average weight of the supplemented feed treated sheep significantly higher than that of the control group.

Example 10

In a further experiment, bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone is used added to the basic diet of young oxen. Herford ox with an average Starting weight of 340 kg are in

ίο eight groups of 10 each, including two control groups, assigned. The remaining six groups are divided into groups of two with those with 0.001, 0.05 and 0.55 weight percent bis (5 - nitro - 2 - furfural) carbohydrazone / ton Feed supplemented basic food administered.

The basic forage is changed in the course of the experiment as indicated below, with the allocation No. 1 in the first and second week, the grant No. 2 in the third and fourth weeks and the grant 3 during the remainder of the test duration of 128 days, i.e. H. in sufficient time to get the To bring animals to a market weight of about 450 to 540 kg, is administered.

25th Components Allocation 1 Allocation 2 Allocation 3 Cut 30 Alfalfa hay ... 52.40 41.30 32.0 Ground yellow corn ... 30.00 38.00 44.8 Whole oats ... . 8.60 10.90 12.8 ₃₅ Whole Bran ... 4.28 5.44 6.4 Flaxseed oil flour 2.36 2.18 2.0 Soybean oil flour 2.36 2.18 2.0

component

Cut alfalfa hay ...

Cane molasses

Ground yellow corn

urea

Bone meal (cube 9 mm)

Weight percent

35

10

53

The following mineral supplements were offered to all animals of their choice: ground lime, 40 percent by weight, steamed bone meal, 40 percent by weight, trace mineral salt, 20 percent by weight.

The supplemented food causes an accelerated weight gain compared to the non-supplemented food Control feed.

The exploitation of the invention can be made possible by legal provisions, in particular by the Feed Act, be limited.

Claims (1)

Claim: Growth-promoting feed, characterized by a content of about 0.0001 to about 0.55 percent by weight bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone. The invention relates to a growth-promoting feed, which by a content of about 0.0001 up to about 0.55 percent by weight bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) -carbohydrazone is characterized. In recent years there has been considerable research towards the development of a feed has been undertaken, which besides the ordinary sources of energy, protein and mineral salts Contains vitamins and other additives that promote rapid and healthy growth of various Encourage pets such as poultry, sheep, cattle, pigs and the like. The animals reach up this way the market weight faster and with less feed. With the help of the feed according to the invention, which are nutritionally balanced Feed trades that have been supplemented with bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) -carbohydrazone will be faster Achieved growth and better forage utilization. If a feed, e.g. B. Poultry feed that consists of a normal or conventional, nutritionally balanced feed and bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone is fed to an animal, then the growth of this animal is accelerated and / or its feed conversion is improved. "Feed conversion" can be defined as that to achieve a weight gain of 1 kg required amount of feed in kilograms. Improved feed conversion is an extremely important economic factor in the rearing of animals. To put it more simply: the feed according to the invention when fed to animals are converted into animal body weight more effectively than corresponding, not supplemented funds. Enhancing feed with bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) -carbohydrazone can expediently be combined with the improvement with antibiotics and other growth-promoting substances. In some cases, this even leads to a greater increase in Growth rate than that obtained when supplementing the feed with these growth stimulators alone is achieved. Any feed can be prepared to maintain the normal nutritional balance Energy, protein, mineral suppliers and vitamins as well as bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone. The various components include the usual grains, e.g. B. as ground grain, and Grain by-products; animal protein substances such as meat and fish by-products, vitamin mixtures, z. B. Vitamin A and D mixtures, added riboflavin and other vitamin B complexes, Bone meal, lime and other inorganic compounds as mineral suppliers. The relative proportion of bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone can vary somewhat depending on the feed to which it is added and the animal consuming the feed. The substance is advantageously combined with edible carriers in such relative proportions that concentrates are obtained which can easily be blended with normal, nutritionally balanced feed mixtures or used as such as an additive to normal feed.
The feed supplemented according to the invention can be prepared by incorporating the active supplement in various ways into a normal complete feed for the animal in question. The product can be mixed with other feed additives such as vitamins, antibiotics, minerals or other substances of this type to form a supplementary feed, which is supplied to mills or feed producers who incorporate it into the finished feed that is given to the animals by the farmer. The mixing of such materials can be done in the usual machines, such as those used for the production of dry feed products. For young animals, it can be incorporated into liquid or semi-liquid feed or mash in the form of a suspension of the active material. A variety of carriers can be used in the preparation of concentrates containing the above supplement can be used. To the Suitable carriers include: soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, Cottonseed oil flour, sunflower seed flour, flaxseed oil flour, corn flour, lime and Corn on the cob meal. The carrier facilitates an even distribution of the active material in the finished feed, with which the concentrate is blended. This is especially important because only a small amount of the effective material is required. The bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone can be given to animals in a variety of feed compositions administered, e.g. B. in normal or conventional, nutritionally balanced animal feed, Mashes, concentrates or premixes. The expression "feed compositions" like him is used here includes the above-mentioned types of feed mixes. Such by bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone Supplemented feed compositions are administered to the animals daily so that they can have an effective growth rate promotional amount of bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone. Generally this is an amount from about 0.25 to about 15.0 mg / kilogram of body weight. In the case of poultry will a significant growth acceleration with doses of about 0.25 to 15.0 mg bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) -carbohydrazone / kilogram Body weight observed. In the case of pigs and cattle, doses of about 0.5 to about 10.0 mg and about 0.25 to about 5.0 mg bis (5-nitro-2-furfural) carbohydrazone / kilogram Body weight an increase in growth. The concentrate can, if desired, with various proteinaceous materials, edible waxes such as zein, gelatin, microcrystalline wax and the like, can be superficially coated to encase the active ingredient in a protective film. Of course, the amount of the supplement in such a concentrate can can be varied widely as the amount of effective