DE1419445B - Process for treating fibers and threads and textiles made therefrom - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for preparing natural or synthetic Fibers, threads and textiles made from them. The method is characterized in that one the fiber or textile material with the aqueous emulsion of a mixture

a) N-acyl-N-alkylaminoalkylenecarboxylic acids or sulfonic acids of the general formula

R • CO - N - (CH ₂ ) "• COOH
respectively

Ri

R • CO - N - (CH ₂ ) "• SO ₂ OH

(H)

which are neutralized with approximately equimolar amounts of inorganic and organic bases, where R · CO is the radical of an aliphatic carboxylic acid with 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R _{1 is} a lower alkyl radical and η is an integer from 1 to 6,

b) preparations made from at least 90% sulfonated fats and fatty acid polyglycol esters and fatty alcohols, and

c) esterification products of hydrolyzed vegetable, animal or synthetic fats and oils with polyglycerol or polyalkylene glycols, which also include the German patent 575 911 can be found,

treated.

The ratio of components a), b) and c) to one another can vary within wide limits; expediently there are approximately equal amounts of components a) for 80 to 95% of the mixture and b), while the remainder of 5 to 20% belongs to component c). Basically must all three components a), b) and c) are contained in the emulsion. Leave suitable proportions can easily be determined from case to case through preliminary tests.

The method according to the invention enables natural and synthetic fibers, threads, fabrics, Various types of knitted fabrics, for example those made from natural or regenerated cellulose, Polyamides, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyacrylonitriles, copolymers of acrylonitrile with others Vinyl compounds such as acrylic esters, acrylamides, vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, and polyolefins, such as polyethylene and polypropylene, to give a soft, smooth, pliable and full handle. Such a treatment also gives wool a soft feel. If one uses mixtures a), b) and c) to dye baths, in addition to the softening effect, good leveling effects are also achieved at the same time Effect. At the same time, finishing agents and fixing agents can also be used.

The textile materials treated in this way are resistant to optical brighteners. The good solubility, the high penetration and above all the high hardness resistance of the invention The emulsions used are advantageous for the various areas of application. As well as the production as well as the further textile processing of threads and fibers is capable of the present Excellent process to improve. Own the so prepared fibers, threads and textiles among other things, the property of no longer being electrostatically charged.

The emulsions can be neutral, alkaline or weakly organic Solution, e.g. B. at pH = 3.5 to 4 application, what for the treatment of all kinds of textile great advantage is. The treated materials are not affected in shade and white,

ίο also do not tend to yellow in the light and show no reduction in tear resistance. If necessary, the storage stability of the emulsions used may be substantially improved as a stabilizer above 4O ⁰ C in the tropics by the addition of 2 to 3% Stearinsäuremonoglycerintriglykoläther. An addition of urea, substituted urea derivatives, urea polyglycol ethers, urea methylol compounds, urea adducts with fatty acids, e.g. B.

NH - (O -QH ₄ VC ₂ H ₄ -OH

CO

NH - (OC ₃ H ₆ ) ^ · CH ₂ · CH ₂ · CH ₂ · OOC · R "

OC · R "= aliphatic fatty acid residue

is also possible. In many cases, the addition of such urea derivatives proves to be special valuable.

The process is for example on yarns in runners and packing machines, on packages and Piece goods of any kind, applicable on the reel as well as on the foulard. Whether the alkaline or Acid treatment is preferable, must be decided on a case-by-case basis depending on the item to be treated will.

In general, it is sufficient if the content of the mixture a), b) and c) in the treatment bath is about 0.5 to 25 g / l, namely 0.5 to 1.5 g / l in the dyebath, in the finishing agent 1 up to 2 g / l and on the padder 10 to 25 g / l. The treatment baths can be cold or warm, e.g. B. at 35 to 6O ⁰ C, are used.

The salts of components a) (I) and a) (II), for their preparation the free carboxylic acids or Sulphonic acids neutralized with approximately equimolar amounts of organic and inorganic bases are essential for the treatment method according to the invention. Solubility and wetting ability the components a) by their inorganic salts, leveling power, plasticizing effects and Textile processing ability, on the other hand, is favorably influenced by means of their organic salts.

The organic bases for salt formation include amino alcohols, oxyethylated high molecular weight amines, ζ. B. Oxäthylierungsprodukte of dodecyl, oleyl, palmityl or stearylamine, further diamines and polyamines, such as ethylene diamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine and their Oxäthylierungsprodukte in question. Suitable inorganic bases include caustic soda, potassium hydroxide and ammonia for salt formation.
The free acids of the formulas (I) and (II) can be prepared in such a way that first aliphatic carboxylic acid chlorides containing 6 to 20 carbon atoms with N-alkylaminoalkylenecarboxylic acids or N-alkylaminoalkylenesulfonic acids or their alkali

converts salts in an alkaline medium at preferably 20 to 40 ° C. and then uses hydrochloric acid to produce the free, pure carboxylic acid or the free sulfonic acid; these can then be converted into the corresponding salts ^{at from 30 to 50 °} C. with approximately equimolar amounts of organic or inorganic bases. As a carboxylic acid are, for. B. N-alkylaminoacetic acid and N-alkylaminopropionic acid for formula (I) and N-alkylaminoethanesulfonic acid for formula (II) mentioned. Aliphatic carboxylic acid chlorides which can be used for the reaction include the chlorides of caprylic acid, coconut fatty acid, palmitic or palm kernel fatty acid, stearic and oleic acid, ricinoleic acid and mixtures of such acid chlorides. ,.

example 1

12 kg of pure wool gabardine piece goods are placed on a reel runner in 400 liters of liquor at the same time as follows avivated and colored:

The liquor is at 4O ⁰ C and 500 g of Emulsion A with 150 g of formic acid, 15 g of dye A, dye B and 75 g 30 g dyes loaded, driven over 45 minutes to a boil and boiled for 40 minutes. The pH of the dyebath is 4.6 during dyeing. The product has a soft handle and a uniform color in a Bordo shade.

Emulsion A is obtained by adding 300 g of triethanolamine / sodium salt of N-stearoyl-N-methylaminoacetic acid (component a), 280 g of a component b), the preparation of which is described below, 30 g of polyglycerin tallower (component c) and 120 g of condensed water stirred at 50 to 6O ⁰ C until homogenized.

The triethanolamine / sodium salt of N-stearoyl-N-methylaminoacetic acid can be represented as follows:

660 g sarcosine sodium (18 _^0/0 strength) are diluted with 220 g of condensation. To this, while stirring, 301 g (1 mol) of stearic acid chloride and 130 g of sodium hydroxide solution (45 percent by weight) are added at the same time. Acid chloride and sodium hydroxide solution is allowed at 25 to 30 ⁰ C simultaneously with the proviso run, that the reaction mixture always reacts triazenalkalisch. After the addition of 1 hour at 30 to 35 ⁰ C is stirred and then the reaction mixture with methanol-water 1.51: stirred and heated to 6O ⁰ C (1: 1). It is then acidified with 300 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid and left to settle overnight. Two layers are formed. The top layer is separated off, evaporated to 100% product on a water bath and initially partially mixed with 75 g of triethanolamine (V ₃ mol) and then with 50 g of sodium hydroxide solution (40 percent by weight) (V ₃ mol) at 30 to 35 ° C with stirring.

Component b) is produced in the following way:

Batch quantity ^: 210 G 60 Mutton tallow, (D 72 G Sebum monoglyceride, (2) 10 ere Castor oil, (3) 21 G Oleum (20%), (4) 180 era Ice, 65 33 G Caustic soda (44 percent by weight) + 70g water, 120 G Beef tallow, (5)

(6) 35 g of oleyl alcohol polyglycol ether with

20 C ₂ H ₄ O groups,

(7) 115 g urea,

(8) 20 g of cetostearyl alcohol,

(9) 20 g monoethanolamine palm kernel fat ..

acid polypropylene glycol ester with 2.2 C ₃ H ₇ O groups, 300 g of water,
10 g of hydrogen peroxide.

Way of working

A mixture of (1), (2) and (3) is allowed to run in at 30 to 35 ^° C. within 3 hours and the mixture is stirred for a further 4 hours at 32 to 35 ^° C. After this, ice is added, Stirred homogeneously and then neutralized with the dilute sodium hydroxide solution to pH 8.2, the temperature not exceeding ^{35 ° C.} After neutralization, (5), (6), (7), (8) and (9) are added one after the other at 70 to 75 ° C. Then, at the same temperature, the amount of water specified above is set and the mixture is bleached with hydrogen peroxide by adding in small portions. Finally, the reaction mixture is ^{stirred at 70 °} C. for a further 12 hours.

In the data of this example mean

Dye A = 2: 1 chromium complex of the monoazo dye 1-amino ^ -oxybenzene-S-methylsulf on-s-l-carbometb.oxyamino-7-oxynaphthalene.

Dye B ^ = 2: 1 cobalt complex of the monoazo dye 2-Amino-1-oxybenzene-4-sulfomethylamide -> / S-naphthol.

Dyes = 2: 1 chromium complex of the monoazo dye 2-Amino-1-oxybenzene-4-sulfamide -> 1- (2 ', 5'-dichlorophenyl) -3-methyl-5-pyrazolone.

Example2

A fabric made of copper rayon threads is finished with a liquor containing 25 g of emulsion B per liter on the padder. The fabric is squeezed off to a weight increase of about 100%, and dried in an oven at 8O ⁰ C. This treatment gave the fabric a smooth, soft and full feel.

Emulsion B is obtained by thoroughly stirring a mixture of 250 g of ethylenediamine diglycol ether / sodium salt of N-oleyl-N-methyltaurine (component a), 300 g of a component b), the preparation of which is described below, 55 g of olive oil polypropylene glycol ester (component c) obtained by esterifying olive oil with propylene glycol in the presence of a little KOH, 60 g of urea and 150 g of condensed water at 50 ^° C. until homogeneous distribution.

The component a) underlying free acid is analogous to that of Example 1 obtained by reacting 487 g of N-methyl-sodium (33 ° / _o solution) with 299 g of oleic acid chloride and 120 g sodium hydroxide solution (45gewichtsprozentig), 220 g of condensation in Presence of 1.5 g of methanol and 300 cm ^{3 of} concentrated hydrochloric acid.

To the free sulfonic acid obtained in this way of «-N-oleyl-N-methyltaurine is initially partially 74 g of ethylenediaminodiglycol ether with stirring at 35 ° C and then 50 g of soda

Lye (40 percent by weight) was added. As a result, the salt formation has been carried out with the same ¹ J ₂ molar amount each of organic and inorganic bases.

Component b) is produced in the following way:

Batch quantity:

(1) 400 g olive oil,

(2) 400 g of sperm oil,

(3) 1400 g trichlorethylene, ίο

(4) 140 g oleum (20%),
130 g ice water,

(5) about 100 g of caustic soda (about 44 to 46 Ge

weight percent).

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. Process for preparing natural or synthetic fibers, threads and therefrom produced textiles, characterized in that the fiber or textile material with the aqueous emulsion of a mixture a) N-acyl-N-alkylaminoalkylenecarboxylic acids
or sulfonic acids of the general formula Way of working (1), (2) and (3) are presented and cooled ^{to -3 to -5 0 C.} Then (4) is added in small portions over the course of 4 hours, and then sulphonation is carried out over the course of 2 ¹ _1/2 hours with stirring at -3 ^{0 C.} The ice water is then added and the reaction mixture is stirred well for 1 hour. The mixture is then left to ^{stand at 10 to 14 °} C. for 17 to 20 hours. After about 180 to 200 g amount lower end, consisting of water and sulfuric acid layer is removed, the upper layer (5) at 14 to 35 ⁰ C is neutralized and stirred for 2 hours at 25 to 3O ⁰ C. Then the solvent and residues of water are distilled off. The dry content of the pure fatty sulfonate thus obtained is 99 to 100%. The product is bleached by addition of a little sodium hydroxide solution at a pH of 5.8 to 6.2 (l% strength solution ^e) with 1% hydrogen peroxide. 62 g of pure fatty sulfonate are now mixed with 6 g of palm acid diethanolamine polyglycol ester (6 C ₂ H ₄ O groups), 5 g of hard fat, 3 g of cetylstearyl alcohol, 14 g of stearyl alcohol _{polyglycol ether (2 QH 4} O groups), and 10 g of scrub moncstearate for 3 hours Stirred well at 50 ^° C. and then cooled. R-CO-N- (CH ₂ VCOOH respectively Ri R • CO - N - (OH,) »• SO ₂ OH (Π) which are neutralized with approximately equimolar amounts of inorganic and organic bases, where R · CO is the radical of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, Rj is a lower alkyl radical and η is an integer from 1 to 6. b) preparations made from at least 90% sulfonated fats and fatty acid polyglycol esters and fatty alcohols, and c) Esterification products of hydrolyzed vegetable, animal or synthetic Fats and oils with polyglycerine or polyalkylene glycols treated. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture to 80 to 95% of the Components a) and b) and 5 to 20% of component c). 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the dyeing of the fibers, Threads or textiles.