DE1453163A1 - Process and device for the economical use of waste in wood sawing - Google Patents

Description

^ pJSw- EUG. MAIER - T- H53163

PATENT LAWYERS IN STUTTGART

June 26, 1964 i »- 17

Söderhamns Verkstäder Aktiebol ^ gj Söderhainn, Sweden

Method and device for the economical use of waste in holasawing.

The Brfindung primarily concerns a process for the economic use of the waste when sawing wood, which is essentially characterized in that the waste Directly below, chips are processed for pulp production, and »was a bit of help from the so-called parallel milling method <>

Sine device for carrying out the process is essentially used by at least one of the shredding » of the Schaeid member marked «which a so-called parallel fraen xulftfit and Schnitzel for the pulp production at least on those parts of a tree trunk or other workpiece · peeled off which on this cutting link before » be added, *

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The invention is described below in connection with the enclosed Drawing explained in detail. The drawing first shows how to saw boards and beams normally runs; Furthermore, some embodiments of dressing systems according to the invention are shown in the drawing shown.

When sawing logs to obtain timber with a rectangular or square cross-section, such as boards or beams, the circular cross-section of the tree trunks results in residual or waste material that cannot be used in this form as usable material. in which the trees grow, the trunk wood more or less conical. In particular, the trunk wood that comes from the lowest section of a tree has a much larger cross-sectional area at the outermost front end, which goes back to the usual expansion of the trees at their roots. Such trunk wood is shown schematically in FIG. Due to this fact, the cross-sectional area of those parts of the trunk wood that are not used as timber also expands in the direction of the root end of the trunk wood. In FIG. 2, in which the inner circle 2o delimits the upper surface 21 and the outer circle 22 delimits the root surface 23, an example is given of how a trunk wood 24 is normally sawn into cut material. This usable cut material is shown in Figure 2 not yet disassembled. The schssf-

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fied parts 25, 26, 27, 20 of the trunk wood are usually called slabs, and with the help of a gate, Circular or band saw cut off. The parts 29, 3o, 31 hatched with vertical and horizontal lines are of the boards are detached in a folding device and are called edgings

Figures 3a to 3e show the work processes involved in gang saws. In a first frame saw, the edge frame saw, a block 32 and side boards 33 »34 are sawn out, like this is shown in Figure 3a '. The side boards 33 and 34 will be transferred to a folding device, while the block 32 is brought to a "wide frame saw, the separating gate, where then the block according to FIG. 3b in side boards 35 »36, 37t 38 and a central section provided with sharp edges is sawn, e.g. into ready-to-use, thick planks or planks 39, 4o with parallel sides. The rinds 41, 42, 43 »44» that arise in the edge frame saw and the dividing gate are separated from the side boards and can sometimes be sold as they are or cut into firewood or the like. The side boards 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 3 $, the edges of which after the frame saw because of the external shape of the Stanuholses are oblique and not parallel, are subsequently Sawn in the folding device with the help of two parallel saw blades, so that boards with sharp edges and parallel ones

909807/0296 - * · -

ORIGINAL! NSPSCTED

A 33 76β i

June 26, 1964 - 4 -

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Pages arise, as shown in Figures 3c to 3e. The edge pieces that arise in the folding device are separated in a special edge piece separating device behind the folding device. These edge pieces must essentially be transported away in the form of a pure waste product.

These waste cuttings of the logs, see the hatched parts in Figure 2, cause numerous difficulties in the sawmills:

The conical shape of the trunk wood and its enlargement at the root end means that the sawing machines have to be oversized to allow the few trunks to pass through to enable which have the largest root ends. This disadvantage is particularly significant in the case of gang saws, where the working speed and thus the Production capacity is determined by the weight of the moving parts. A log with large root ends requires a wide and therefore heavy swing frame, which can only be driven at low speed «

Furthermore, the maximum feed speed in the sawing machine is inversely proportional to the width to be sawed.

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June 26, 1964
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Due to these circumstances, the waste parts of the logs lead to a restriction in production in the Sawmills.

In the case of gang saws, further losses arise from the fact that parts of the root sections are often between the saw » scrolling seize up and a halt to the operational sequence cause.

To separate the boards from the rinds, in the frame saw mills there is usually between the frame saw and the itself Subsequent conveying device for the removal of the boards provided an opening, which is the inclined discharge the rinds in the downward direction. The aim is to that the rinds due to their widening at the root end under the action of gravity into the opening » are withdrawn and get on a conveyor on a lower floor. Since you don't want to run the risk that the boards too fall into this opening, the distance between the frame saw and the board conveyor must not be too great. In practice Therefore only some of the rinds fall into the by themselves mentioned opening into it. You must therefore have your own definition? Mungo - provide for a person to put the rinds into the Sehwart.enaifführung by hand thrown down or one leaves the rinds together with

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909807/0296 iad original

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June 26, 1964 - 6 -

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the side boards get to the folding device before, v / o then the operating personnel of this device remove the boards from the

Separates rinds. Usually, however, you try to use the to avoid the last-mentioned alternative, since once the ab »

edge devices are heavily loaded and on the other hand, the rinds coalesce on their conveyor due to their irregular shape of the transport is Seitbretter.

Behind the folding device, a separating device is then required for the edge pieces, from which the Kan & Svüeke fall down into a floor below * The separating device must have the same lung, vrl-e the longest board.

If the above-mentioned removal device for the rinds Isi is to work satisfactorily, a fairly large drop height must be provided. Furthermore, the conveyors for the transport of the rinds and edges take an entaprs-

a fairly large space for the storage space. Dios leads to the fact that the building volume of the lower floor must be sensually large.

In order to remedy the disadvantages mentioned above, Iferaixel; e undertaken, schnitzel or shavings from the waste parts with With the help of cutting eyes or various types of saw blades and swar either in front of the saw «: * ia * ic" L '; x «

909807/0296 ^B.

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or right next to these machines. However, the resulting amounts of chip or sawdust in this process only have a low value. In general it can be said that the cost for the removal of the sawdust almost the value of this substance as a raw material e.g. for chipboard production or for burning purposes, weigh out.

According to the invention, the aforementioned drawbacks are thereby overcome eliminates that the waste sections of the logs in front of the sawing machines or in the same turn into valuable chips converted for pulp production. In servant In connection with this, it must be pointed out that the price of chips for pulp production, as they are proposed here, is about ten to twelve times as high as that Price of sawdust.

The transformation of the waste parts of the trunk wood into valuable ones Schnitzel for the production of pulp, as it is according to the invention is suggested, can be done with the help of two, fundamental *

slightly different ways of working take place. at In the first working method, one or more sides of the logs or balconies are scraped off while the workpiece is vorgeochobon in the longitudinal direction.

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June 26, 1964 i »- 17

Figures 4 and 5 show how this method is used in connection with the frame saw. In front of the folding gate, the sides of the logs are scraped off to such an extent that all wood outside the imaginary cutting lines of the outermost saw blades of the folding gate is cut away in the form of chips for pulp production »by so-called parallel cutting. The corresponding parts are denoted by 45 and 46 in FIG. 4a. The trunk is then advanced onto the folding gate, FIG. 4b, where two side boards 47 and 48 are then cut off. After turning it by 90 degrees, block 49 is scraped off again through parallel turf so that all of the wood outside the cutting lines, which are to be sawed through the outermost saw blades of the separating saw gate, is converted into chips for pulp production. ¹ The corresponding sections 5o and 51 are shown in Figure 4c. Thereafter, block 49 is in the usual way in trenneägeg & tter, comp. Fig. 4d ₉ sawed, wherein the Seitbretter 52, 53, 54 and 55 are formed, The Abschnitzeln of the strain or block should be carried out immediately before the! Gang saws, so that both

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one and the same centering can be used for cutting as well as for sawing · If necessary the outermost saw blades of the gang saw can be completely omitted. These saw blades are indicated with dashed lines in Figures 4b and 4d. Whether this can happen depends on the cash tolerance from the best boards and continue to see if nit cheat Certain requirements must be met on the surface quality of the boards.

Of course, you are also happy to do what has been said above ■ soluble, the saw blades in the folding device through Replacement of cutting tools. which then those parts of the board, which are outside the board width after the folding, i.e. the horizontally hatched parts in Figures 4e to 4g, see wood chips for process the Zeil fabric extraction ^ ·

As an alternative to the described embodiment of the It is also possible to completely scrape off all four sides of the sianholes in front of the saws such a procedure is schematic! " in Figures 5a to 5g shown. In this case you will create a flat surface " can of course flee as guide surfaces

909807/0296 omom ^ sNsrc

H53163

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Centering the WerkatUekes in the horizontal saws used will.

When practicing the described method, the device Btir shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 is preferably used. Figure 6 shows the device in perspective, Figure 7 is a side view and Figure 3 shows the device in plan view.

AisefSarttBgsforai a device for carrying out the V © rfe! Ir »ma geioäS of the invention has cwel anäer g © gentlberlying, conical disks, which are built up bit Sohneidneesern» Saren Grundo & tzlioher Aiafbais in i @ r Deutßc & en Bat ^ mtansel yng S 86 ο 6? Ie / 38 i baecfcrisbüa is. This Hecssr ateä se conetrts uni _{fi lly arranged, as they peel off 9} stripe-shaped Abis & nitte at the ScSmeiä ^ ii, while one on the side surfaces attack Stasosholzea '. Ditises Abliisen is done kit with the help of a Sohm @ id @ & smte, which runs essentially parallel to the Fs .-- des Holces Terl. In this way! Performing substantially transverse strips sur & ride "Iu verliiufi in the strip this t rwähraten Sehneidekante

Keseara kicks another cutting edge in one

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809807/0298

A 33 768 i June 26, 1964 Jl! - 17th

Add an angle to the main edge so that there is another edge the direction of the pass intersects. In connection with the detachment of the strips, they are broken in the longitudinal direction, so that one piece of scrap is formed * As in FIG of the above-mentioned patent application, the machined surface of the log or work piece is given the shape of a stepped face.

As explained in the aforementioned patent application and shown in FIG. 6 of the present application, the Disks 56, 57 are provided with spirally shaped grooves along which the cutting blades are arranged. In this case, each disc 56, 57 can be provided with spirally shaped "TffHen" which have several insertion ends. This leads, as in the aforementioned Patent application set out to the fact that the discs have comparatively small dimensions and yet in «Can work in a fairly large cross-section of wood.

As shown in Figures 6 to 8, the disks lie at a fairly close mutual distance, with their

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The axis of rotation is arranged horizontally "In the embodiment shown, the disks" are "driven" by a common hydraulic motor 58 or the like "which drives a shaft 59 below the device" This shaft in turn drives the disk 56 via a transmission (not shown) carries a longitudinally displaceable belt pulley 6o, which in turn drives a transmission 61 for the conical cutting disk 57 · As can be seen in particular from FIG 7 shows how the log is fed lengthwise with the aid of suitable feed rollers 64. In this case, the feed direction runs perpendicular to a plane through the axis of rotation of the disks 56, 57. After being scraped off by parallel milling the workpieces are fed directly via feed rollers 65 vo Recorded in a subsequent frame saw. During the passage through the chopping device, the workpieces rest on carriers 66 _t 67, which also act as baffles for the cutting process.

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9 0 9 8 0 7/0298 originally inspected

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The general drive motor 58 can also be replaced by single motors, for example hydraulic motors, for one of the disks 56 _P 57. It is essential, however, to keep the speed of rotation of the disks 56-57 at a suitable pitch, which is adjusted accordingly to the rate of advance of the machine. It is also that the speeds of rotation of the two disks are very close to each other.

They produced Holsachnitsel fall down, sometimes on a conveyor belt; however, the chips can also be sucked off and bits transported away using pneumatic conveyors. An application example for the method explained above in a quaternary mill is shown in Flg. 9, where the sawing process takes place on two parallel lines. In Fig. 9 a dressing field gate device 68 is shown for each line, which can be, for example, a machine of the type shown in FIGS finally a Abkant-Sehnitzelvorriehtung yUR the two ßohnitzelvorrichtungen άβη on two lines three cross conveyor 73 and a longitudinal conveyor are further illustrated, iron where the chips generated are acquired transported in a SehBiteeleagasin.

§0980 * 7/0296 -U- BAD ORiGiNAL

A 33 768 i

26. Juiai. 1964 ~ ^U

V - 17th

Let fiaöufig by oils E ^ opzielen verifiable inferential ΎοϊΛύάχ®:

The sawing machines can be very small in size:, öurÄß-- ~ gangsabmessoügen as "hitherto beaitsscm. The ßcttsraägo wins a considerably increased Eapasi. significantly than the speed goafceigert murders Ju and svrair because of Yer * rsndmig eohEälerer SehviagrE than before · Eu the increased Kapasitüt carries auöfö boi. _P .that the Häufiglceit a Abschältcna the Preöulc ^ iöii rarUsziort is * Weitei'hin can be saved eiöh Keaechliehe Arbaitskraft, wobai in particular a uanuolleß Ilimtiai'ss mi "chewing pieces and rinds are omitted. Furthermore, the conveying device can be arranged in front of the folding machine in a simplified manner, since, for example, there is no clearing provision for edge pieces behind the folding machine & a murder is required. Finally, it is essential that the size of the sawmill be considerably reduced Imaa.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a limitation elco Circular cross-section of the Stammholseß taken into account what happens because the Staaahols through cino

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Z 3 Γ I c i A. 33 768 1964 26th _β June i ¹ - 17th

corner rotating drum that runs in iuroto interior with. SchneidiBoooern dor the abovementioned species auogerüctet ict. In this skin the center line d © o Stasmholseo with the axis of rotation dor TrornsBel sunasmccn. Blaser proposal according to the invention iot scheisatiech shown in the figures loa.and. ~ Lob. Eo can easily be seen that those parts 75 of the Staimholzeo which lie at a greater distance from the center line alo the radius r for the smallest passage opening of the rope, with the inner, conical surface of the hawser! come into engagement and are worked up into chips with the help of the parallelochnitsol method described in the above-mentioned patent specification. As a result of this somewhat simplified method, it is also achieved that the sawing machines can have considerably reduced passage dimensions, which enables a considerable increase in production, at least in the case of gang saws. Furthermore, since the conical shape of the trunk wood is at least partially eliminated and any root extensions are removed, handling the remaining rinds is made easier. The above-described methods for the removal of hollow workpieces with the help of a parallel

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909807/0296 _tM)

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Indications are of course in no way restricted to being used only in connection with sawmills. It is possible to use these procedures also under other circumstances they can be carried out so loosely For example, cylindrical holbeams are advantageous » with a conical cutting drum of the above » mentioned type of application komsson can.

Further, it should be noted that, if the two are in connection with the first method "mentioned conical Seheiben completely susasDoengebraeht all introduced into the machine workpiece can be su sersehnitten chips for the recovery Zelletoff". This can be done, for example, when there is a tree trunk or blank board which, due to its quality or geometric shape ϊίίν, is not suitable for the production of boards. In the case of oil, the entire building block or board blank is processed into chips for pulp production and thus put to beneficial use in an economical and advantageous manner. Furthermore, it should be mentioned in this context that in connection with the invention there are also any control devices for setting the conical cutting edge size η

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can be used and these control devices can be monitored in any kind of automatic, known per se, either manually or automatically, with electronic control devices being able to be used, for example.

It goes without saying in special applications also possible the disks with their cutting knives like this to arrange that they are completely immovable in the axial direction · In this case the whole of the disks material fed into pulp for pulp production cut up · It should also be mentioned that the knifed links do not necessarily have to be in the shape of conical disks *, instead iet · β also possible, other suitable forms of 'Prague terms au use, but the cutting edges should in principle lie on conical surfaces or such surfaces must follow, as stated above. For certain purposes it is also possible to use the disk-shaped or otherwise suitably constructed Mesaertr & ger to be provided with long cutting tools, the cutting of which is at least almost parallel to the generatrix such a conical surface and almost entirely from it

bie «around the outer circumference of this üxä

A 33 768 i 26 ο Junj

i ^f - 17

26ο June 1964 ~ ¹⁸

In consideration of the fact that both drum-shaped as well as disc-shaped saw cutting members are described in one of the above-mentioned patent application and there is explained what advantages Mt Besü.g can achieve on the quality of the schnitzel . © raoheint ea hs it is necessary to list this again here »

dead «07 / Q29 $

Claims (1)

A 33 768 i
ο June 1964
i »- 17 P at ο η ta η s ρ r ü ο h e ! Method for the economic use of CAULK ^ y cases characterized in HolssUgen u »the l" that the falling waste ar ^ zein for the pulp production by means of the parallel · milling method are processed immediately below Seliiii. _O ο A method according to claim 1, characterized gekennseielmet _f üv.ü at least those _s ropes under the RUs in the usual sawing slabs, a log as or other workpieces are varerbeltet directly to scavenger for the pulp production at two opposite sides _e Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in) ii.t e. that after the pulp extraction has been carried out on two opposite sides also on the other two. Opposite Rarely processing gu SeiinitseO, wirä made for the pulping _s and ϋ.-ν-τα * either by a rotation of the workpiece "Another 3 to Sun ° or using SchnitEclungsglieder" SSIO r <: mn lt relation to the other Schnitzelungsglieder \ ^; o ° offset from ₉ 909807/0296 A 33 768 i _ _{2o β} June 1964
- 17th 4ο procedure according to one of claims 1 to 3 »thereby marked j that in addition to those parts ,, which the Rinds, including those sections of the workpiece, correspond to chips for pulp production are processed, which correspond to the side boards obtained in the usual way, ο Method according to claim I _8, in particular for use in folding the side boards, characterized in that those parts of each side board which correspond to the edge pieces are processed into chips for pulp extraction by parallel milling « 6ο The method according to claim 5s in particular for an application to those side boards which are less valuable in terms of quality, characterized in that these side boards are entirely processed into chips for pulp extraction _e 7. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the Sclinitzel process takes place immediately Connection is carried out with a gang saw, whereby the sides that are cut off by the chipping process • '~ 21 - 9 0 9 8 0 7/0296 bad om 768 i " ₂₁ June 26, 1964 - 1? sohroppt «ground» for guiding the workpiece frame saws are used » 8 "A method according to any one of claims 1 to?, Characterized indicates overall that the chips operation is carried out by means of a Sohnitaelvorrichtung as eic tentaneeiaung in the Ta S 86 o62 Ic / 38i actual besahriehen Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, in so-called Wurzeistaminholi; v / or: j./j etecs the greater part of the conical shape of the Stann-iholso'j äuroh the sonic process is at least partially eliminated " preferably by using a trci .. · melfönoigen sonic link of the one mentioned in the patent application S 86 o62 Io / 38i Kind, however, the Ττοιη- ■ el kOBisoli formed and auegeatatt # t with inner cutting cutters. lo.Torrlolitaxig aar implementation of the method according to the Anepxüoh · 1 to 9, characterized by at least 22nd 809807/0296 • H53T63 A 33 768 i _ ₂₂ 26ο June 1964
i * ■ = ■ 17 a cutting member for cutting with the aid; the so-called parallel milling process a, v / o'oei das Cutting member 56, 57 at least file the log or another »past the cutting link Workpiece into chips for pulp extraction processed 11 * device according to. Claim Io, characterized in that the cutting members consist of zy / ei conical disks 56-, 57, which protrude from one another in axial alignment fe'o göji, that the disks are equipped with cutting moasein, which are arranged on spirals with swai or several inlet ends, and that the discs work on opposite sides of the workpiece, which is advanced between them, perpendicular to its axis of rotation. " 12 »Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized _s that the discs 56, 57 towards each other £ U ozci ¹ are away from each other adjustable, in particular in such a way that there is no passage opening remains between them irehr · - 23 80 9807/0296 ^D cK & A 33 768 i 26ο June 1964 ~ 23 - - 17th 13ο device according to claim lo, characterized that the cutting members consist of a conical drum which is provided with cutting knives in its interior Ho device according to claim 13 »characterized in that that the conical drum with cutting blades in a spiral Arrangement is equipped, wherein the spirals preferably have multiple inlet ends., 15o device according to claim 13 or 14 _f, characterized in that the cutting knives in the conical drum are arranged both axially in rows and circumferentially in spirals on the inner surface of the drum « 16ο Method and device as in the present registration version described and shown on the drawing 909807/0296