DE1208881B - Process for the production of water-disintegrating polyurethane foams - Google Patents
Process for the production of water-disintegrating polyurethane foamsInfo
- Publication number
- DE1208881B DE1208881B DEV26136A DEV0026136A DE1208881B DE 1208881 B DE1208881 B DE 1208881B DE V26136 A DEV26136 A DE V26136A DE V0026136 A DEV0026136 A DE V0026136A DE 1208881 B DE1208881 B DE 1208881B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- water
- production
- polyurethane foams
- soluble
- disintegrating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(2+) Chemical class [Sn+2] IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 4
- -1 cyclic ether compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- JQZRVMZHTADUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L di(octanoyloxy)tin Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O JQZRVMZHTADUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JXCHMDATRWUOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisocyanatomethylbenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(N=C=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JXCHMDATRWUOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2815—Monohydroxy compounds
- C08G18/283—Compounds containing ether groups, e.g. oxyalkylated monohydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
- C08G18/24—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin
- C08G18/244—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin tin salts of carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2815—Monohydroxy compounds
- C08G18/284—Compounds containing ester groups, e.g. oxyalkylated monocarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von wasserzerfallfähigen Polyurethanschaumstoffen Aus der belgischen Patentschrift 625 159 ist die Herstellung von wasserempfindlichen Polyurethanschaumstoffen bekannt. Diese Polyurethanschaumstofle sind auf wasserlösliche Polyole aufgebaut, die im wesenteichen aus Polyäthylenglykolen bestehen. Sie quellen in Wasser und verlieren dadurch einen Teil ihrer Reißfestigkeit. Beim Trocknen schrumpfen diese Schaumstoffe und zeigen dann wieder die ursprünglichen Eigenschaften. Die Wasseraufnahme und -abgabe ist also reversibel, und der hydrophile Polyurethanschaumstoff wird durch Wassereinwirkung nicht zerstört.Process for the production of water-disintegrable polyurethane foams From the Belgian patent 625 159 the production of water-sensitive Polyurethane foams known. These polyurethane foams are water-soluble Constructed polyols, which essentially consist of polyethylene glycols. You swell in water and thereby lose some of their tear strength. Shrink as it dries these foams and then show the original properties again. the So water absorption and release is reversible, and so is the hydrophilic polyurethane foam is not destroyed by the action of water.
In vielen Fällen ist es nun wünschenswert; einen Polyurethanscfraumstoff zur Verfügung zu haben, der durch Wassereinwirkung irreversibel angegriffen und in seiner Struktur zerstört wird. Ín der deutschen Auslegeschrift 1 109 364 wird dieses Ziel durch »Untervernetzung« erreicht. Dabei müssen wenigstens 25°/o der ursprünglich vorhandenen Hydroxylgruppen im fertigen Polyurethanschaumstoff erhalten bleiben. In many cases it is now desirable; a polyurethane foam fabric to have available that is irreversibly attacked by the action of water and is destroyed in its structure. In the German Auslegeschrift 1 109 364 is achieved this goal through "sub-networking". At least 25% of the Originally existing hydroxyl groups are retained in the finished polyurethane foam stay.
Durch diese starke Untervernetzung wird jedoch eine Unsicherheit in die Rezeptur gebracht, die sich hauptsächlich dadurch äußert, daß die Ansätze schlecht reproduzierbar sind. Es ist deshalb von großer Bedeutung, daß es nunmehr entsprechend dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gelungen ist, vollständig ausreagierte Polyurethanschaumstoffe herzustellen, die bei Wassereinwirkung irreversibel angegriffen werden.However, this strong sub-network creates an uncertainty in brought the recipe, which is mainly expressed in that the approaches bad are reproducible. It is therefore of great importance that it is now accordingly the method according to the invention has succeeded in completely reacted polyurethane foams that are irreversibly attacked when exposed to water.
Das Verfahren zur Herstellung von wasserzerfallfähigen Polyurethanschaumstoffen durch einstufige Umsetzung von wasserlöslichen Polyglykolen, die zu mehr als 400/o aus Äthylenoxyd aufgebaut sind, mit Diisocyanaten in Gegenwart von Zinn(II)-Salzen organischer Carbonsäuren und Wasser in einem pH-Bereich zwischen 3,5 und 9,0 besteht darin, daß man zusammen mit den wasserlöslichen Polyglykolen Monoäther oder Monoester von wasserlöslichen Polyalkylenglykolen bzw. Mischpolyalkylenglykolen mit Molekulargewichten von 300 bis 6000 in solcher Menge mit umsetzt, daß die Funktionalität der Polyolkomponente kleiner als 1,4 wird.The process for the production of water-breakable polyurethane foams through one-stage conversion of water-soluble polyglycols, which are more than 400 / o are built up from ethylene oxide, with diisocyanates in the presence of tin (II) salts organic carboxylic acids and water in a pH range between 3.5 and 9.0 in that, together with the water-soluble polyglycols, monoethers or monoesters of water-soluble polyalkylene glycols or mixed polyalkylene glycols with molecular weights from 300 to 6000 in such an amount that the functionality of the polyol component becomes smaller than 1.4.
Als wasserlösliche monofunktionelle Polyäther im Sinne der Erfindung sollen die Monoäther oder -ester von Polyäthylenglykolen mit einem Molekulargewicht von 300 bis 6000 verstanden werden, die man durch Veresterung oder Verätherung einer der beiden endständigen Hydroxylgruppen der Polyole erhalten hat. As water-soluble monofunctional polyethers for the purposes of the invention are said to be the monoethers or esters of polyethylene glycols with a molecular weight from 300 to 6000 are understood to be obtained by esterification or etherification of a of the two terminal hydroxyl groups of the polyols.
Diese können auch als Mischpolymerisate von Äthylenoxyd mit anderen, cyclische Ätherverbindungen enthaltenden Monomeren vorliegen, soweit sie wasserlöslich sind. Hierfür ist ein Gehalt an Äthylenäthergruppen von mindestens 400/o erforderlich.These can also be used as copolymers of ethylene oxide with other, Monomers containing cyclic ether compounds are present, insofar as they are water-soluble are. For this, an ethylene ether group content of at least 400 / o is required.
Das Wort »Wasserzerfall« bedarf einer näheren Erläuterung: Es handelt sich nicht um eine physikalische Auflösung des Polyurethanschaumstoffes in Wasser, so wie sich z. B. Kochsalz in Wasser rückstandslos löst, sondern um einen Zerfall der Schaumstoffstruktur in kleinere, zusammenhanglose Teilchen, etwa so, wie ein Stück Würfelzucker in Wasser zuerst in kleinere Einzelkristalle zerfällt. Zerdrückt man ein solches Stück nassen, wasserzerfallfähigen Polyurethanschaumstoffes in der Hand, so hat man etwa den Eindruck, als ob man einen Brei aus Grieß und Wasser drücken würde. Es ist auch nicht so, daß der wasserzerfallfähige Polyurethanschaumstoff bei Berührung mit Wasser sofort in Einzelteilchen zerfällt. Legt man z. B. ein Stück eines solchen Schaumstoffes vorsichtig in ruhendes Wasser, so quillt das Schaumstoffstück und sinkt unter, wenn es nicht zu viele geschlossene Poren enthält. Es behält aber seine äußere Form als Stück bei. Erst bei einer geringen mechanischen Beanspruchung zerfällt es in Einzelteile, z. B. ist es unmöglich, dieses Stück aus dem Wasser herauszuziehen, da es durch das eigene Gewicht reißt. Die Druckstellen, wo man das Schaumstoffstück angefaßt hat, federn nicht wieder in ihre frühere Lage zurück. The word »water disintegration« needs further explanation: It acts is not a physical dissolution of the polyurethane foam in water, as z. B. table salt dissolves in water without leaving any residue, but rather a disintegration the foam structure into smaller, disjointed particles, something like a Lump sugar in water first breaks down into smaller single crystals. Crushed one such piece of wet, water-disintegrable polyurethane foam in the Hand, you have the impression that you are squeezing a pulp of semolina and water would. It is also not the case that the water-disintegratable polyurethane foam immediately disintegrates into individual particles on contact with water. If you put z. B. a piece Carefully pour such a foam into still water, so the piece of foam swells and sinks below if it does not contain too many closed pores. But it keeps its outer shape as a piece. Only with a low mechanical load it breaks down into individual parts, e.g. B. It is impossible to get this piece out of the water pull out as it tears under its own weight. The pressure points where you get that Has touched the foam piece, do not spring back to their previous position.
Die Funktionalität der Alkoholkomponente errechnet sich aus der Anzahl der Mole in der Mischung vorhandener Hydroxylgruppen, dividiert durch die Summe der Mole monofunktionellen und polyfunktionellen Polyäthers. Eine Mischung aus 100 g Diol vom Molekulargewicht 4000 und 100 g monofunktionellem Polyäther vom Molekulargewicht 1000 hat z. B. eine Funktionalität von 1,2. The functionality of the alcohol component is calculated from the number the moles of hydroxyl groups present in the mixture divided by the sum of moles of monofunctional and polyfunctional polyethers. A mix of 100 g diol of molecular weight 4000 and 100 g monofunctional Polyether has a molecular weight of 1000, for. B. a functionality of 1.2.
Rechnung 100 g Diolsind0,025 Molundenthalten0,05 Mol OH 100 g Monoäther sind 0,10 Mol und enthalten 0,10 Mol OH 200 g Mischung sind 0,125 Mol und enthalten 0,15 Mol OH Die Funktionalität ist 0,15 : 0,125 = 1,20.Calculation 100 g diols are 0.025 mol and contain 0.05 mol OH 100 g monoether are 0.10 mol and contain 0.10 mol OH 200 g of mixture are 0.125 mol and contain 0.15 mol OH The functionality is 0.15: 0.125 = 1.20.
Da bei der Herstellung der wasserzerfalifähigen Polyurethanschaumstoffe erfindungsgemäß eine sehr niedrige Funktionalität der Polyätherkomponente notwendig ist, werden vorteilhäft Diole in Mischung mit Monoäthern verwendet. Triole oder Tetrole an Stelle von Diolen würden einen wesentlich höheren Anteil an Monoäthern erfordern. As in the production of water-destructive polyurethane foams according to the invention, a very low functionality of the polyether component is necessary is, diols are advantageously used in a mixture with monoethers. Triplet or Tetrols instead of diols would have a much higher proportion of monoethers require.
Das folgende Beispiel soll die Erfindung näher erläutern: Beispiel In ein 800 ccm Becherglas werden eingewogen: 180 g eines 80 °/o Polyoxyäthylen enthaltenden Diols vom Molekulargewicht 8750, -70 g einer auf dem Walzenstuhl angeriebenen Paste aus 30 g eines 60% Polyoxyäthylen enthaltenen Diols vom Molekulargewicht 2000 und 40 g ~Barliumsulfat; ' d 40 g 40 g Monomethoxypolyäthylenglykol vom- ungefähren Molekulargewicht 750, 5 g Wasser und 6 Tropfen Eisessig. The following example is intended to explain the invention in more detail: Example In a 800 ccm beaker are weighed: 180 g of a 80% polyoxyethylene containing Diol with a molecular weight of 8750, -70 g of a paste rubbed on a roller mill from 30 g of a 60% polyoxyethylene diol with a molecular weight of 2000 and 40 g ~ barlium sulfate; 'd 40 g 40 g of approximate monomethoxy polyethylene glycol Molecular weight 750, 5 g water and 6 drops of glacial acetic acid.
Die Mischung wird bei etwa- 60°C aufgeschmolzen und homogen gerührt. Dabei werden feinverteilte Luftbläschen in den Ansatz mit eingerührt. The mixture is melted at about -60 ° C and stirred until homogeneous. Finely divided air bubbles are stirred into the batch.
Der pH-Wert einer 4%igen wäßrigen. Lösung der Mischung beträgt 4,5. Die Mischung wird auf 50°C abgekühlt und dann in rascher Reihenfolge 2,4 g Zinn(II)-octoat und 61 g Toluylendiisocyanat unter Rühren -zugefügt.. 7 Sekunden nach Zugabe des Toluylendiisocyanats wird das Rühren unterbrochen und der Ansatz in einen vorbereiteten Pappkarton gegossen. Der Schaum beginnt zu steigen und erstarrt nach etwa 60 Sekunden zu einem wasserzerfallfähigen Polyurethanschaumstoff. The pH of a 4% aqueous. Solution of the mixture is 4.5. The mixture is cooled to 50 ° C. and then 2.4 g of tin (II) octoate in rapid succession and 61 g of tolylene diisocyanate added with stirring .. 7 seconds after the addition of the Toluylene diisocyanate, the stirring is interrupted and the batch in a prepared Poured cardboard box. The foam begins to rise and solidifies after about 60 seconds to a water-breakable polyurethane foam.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV26136A DE1208881B (en) | 1964-06-11 | 1964-06-11 | Process for the production of water-disintegrating polyurethane foams |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV26136A DE1208881B (en) | 1964-06-11 | 1964-06-11 | Process for the production of water-disintegrating polyurethane foams |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1208881B true DE1208881B (en) | 1966-01-13 |
Family
ID=7582439
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV26136A Pending DE1208881B (en) | 1964-06-11 | 1964-06-11 | Process for the production of water-disintegrating polyurethane foams |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1208881B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1282950B (en) * | 1964-10-14 | 1968-11-14 | Elekal Fa | Process for the production of a hydrophilic polyurethane foam |
| US3809088A (en) * | 1972-07-17 | 1974-05-07 | Procter & Gamble | Hydrolytically unstable polyurethane cotamenial devices |
-
1964
- 1964-06-11 DE DEV26136A patent/DE1208881B/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1282950B (en) * | 1964-10-14 | 1968-11-14 | Elekal Fa | Process for the production of a hydrophilic polyurethane foam |
| US3809088A (en) * | 1972-07-17 | 1974-05-07 | Procter & Gamble | Hydrolytically unstable polyurethane cotamenial devices |
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