DE1206111B - Device for the hydraulic or pneumatic actuation of the changeover devices of regenerative coke oven batteries - Google Patents

Description

Device for hydraulic or pneumatic actuation of the changeover elements of regenerative coke oven batteries The invention relates to a device for hydraulic or pneumatic actuation of the switching devices of regenerative coke oven batteries, the pressure medium supply to the individual piston engines via a control roller by means of electromagnetic or mechanical control slide one after the other in this way takes place that only after the piston travel of each piston engine the next pressure medium receives.

It is known to use shut-off devices one behind the other by means of piston engines to operate in such a way that the pistons also act as controls for the pressure medium serve, the setting of the control cylinder in each case by the on the piston acting pressure medium flow takes place.

It is also known, the piston engines for actuating the shut-off device to be actuated from a common pressure medium source via parallel supply lines, wherein control members associated with the piston are arranged in these lines are that the pressure medium supply to the individual piston engines is controlled one after the other will. The control organs are connected to limit switches, which in the event of a lack of gas shut off the pressure medium supply.

If there is a lack of gas during the changeover process, for example when the gas taps are in the opening process, in the known switching device the gas taps thus initially fully opened, so that there is a risk of air ingress and explosions exist if the taps are not immediately closed becomes, but this requires a longer time in which already explosive mixtures may have formed.

The object of the invention is now to provide a switching device for hydraulic or to create pneumatic operation, in which the gas taps in every position during of the changeover process automatically closed immediately in the event of malfunctions occurring suddenly will.

The invention solves the problem in that the control roller with a the opening process of the gas taps associated contact segment is provided, which in Circuit of insufficient gas contacts, the impulse for such actuation of Auxiliary contactors and a reversing contactor give that the circuit of the drive motor the control drum is interrupted immediately in the event of a lack of gas and the motor stops the control drum turns back into the closed position of the gas taps.

According to a further feature of the invention, the control roller is also with the closing process of the gas taps and the switching process of the switching devices for Contact segments associated with exhaust gas and air are provided in such a way in the circuit the lack of gas contacts are that the circuit of the drive motor by means of auxiliary contactors only after the end of the contact segments with the completion of the respective changeover process is interrupted.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, these are the pressure medium supply Provided with solenoids on both sides of the spool that controls the piston motors, depending on the power supply controlled by the control roller, the pressure medium to Control one of the two sides of the associated piston motor and when there is no voltage cause the control spool to be locked in the middle. This increases the pressure medium supply interrupted to the piston engine at a middle position, so that the changeover located gas taps by electrical reversal of the control drum immediately in the closed position can be brought.

The ones that interrupt the circuit of the drive motor and the control drum Contactors rotating back into the closed position are retained in both the heating position as well as in every position of the changeover process in the event of a lack of gas from the insufficient gas contacts Impulse so that the gas taps close automatically in each case.

According to the invention, the soot removal flaps of the high-gas supply lines are also provided each heating side a piston motor influenced in this way by a control slide assigned that at least the sooting flaps of the last strong gas leading Supply lines are fully open in a short period of time during the change process, in to all Exhaust valves partially open and all the Regenerators air-supplying flaps and all high-gas taps are closed.

Such a control of the soot removal flaps enables an optional Program-based actuation of the debris removal flaps, which can be controlled in such a way that that the flaps at first only a little and only after a further short period of time fully opened to avoid the formation of explosive mixtures. Further can activate the soot removal flaps by simply switching off the selector switch be avoided when heating with lean gas.

Finally, the invention also consists in the contact segments in the electric circuit of the drive motor and in the end travel of the piston rod of the piston motors To arrange limit switches for switching on the drive motor, so that if there is any If a piston is left behind, the control drum is stopped and after the Limit switch is set in motion. In this way it is avoided that with a any remaining piston and leading the control drum of the next piston engine is operated prematurely.

With the device according to the invention, the automatic is instantaneous Closing the gas taps in the event of a lack of gas is secured in every position so that penetration is prevented of air leading to the formation of explosive mixtures into the gas ducts is prevented. Furthermore, the same device forms when the piston of a piston engine continues to run a safeguard against the simultaneous operation of two piston motors. In any case the motor circuit is interrupted by means of the circuit breaker Protect without the need for special devices, for example for retrieving the when the gas cock is in the closed position during the opening process.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings, for example.

F i g. 1 is a schematic representation of the piston engines with the assigned control spools; F i g. 2 shows the sequence of the changeover processes in one Diagram; F i g. 3 is a partial illustration of a further embodiment.

The piston engine 1 is used, for example, to operate the gas taps on the machine side MS, the piston engine 2, for example, to operate the gas taps on the coke side KS, while the piston engine 3 changes the switching devices for air and exhaust gas on both heating sides.

Such a change takes place in the case of semi-divided ovens in which the Heating once from the machine side to the coke side and after conversion from the Coke side is made to the machine side. These are not shown Gas taps on the machine side with the piston rod 4 of the piston engine 1 and the gas taps the coke side with the piston rod 5 of the piston engine 2 via a pulling element 6 each, 7 connected.

With twin-train heating, each furnace battery side of each heating wall is assigned two high-strength gas feeds, one of which is open and the other is closed, so that the taps on both battery sides are connected to piston rods 4, 5 and 4a, 5a by pulling elements 6, 7 and 6a, 7a . The pistons 8 of the individual piston motors 1, 2, 3 receive pressure medium through lines 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 depending on the actuation controlled by a control slide 17.

Furthermore, piston motors 18, 19, which are controlled by control slides 20, 21 and which are only actuated on one side by pressure medium supplied through lines 22, 23 , are assigned to the soot removal flaps (not shown). The return of the pistons takes place by means of counterweights 24, 25 while the pressure medium is drained.

The control slide 15, 1617 are provided with pistons, which consist of three Sections 26, 27, 28 exist. The section 26 of the piston gives the flow through bores 32 to the individual piston engines for movement in the direction of the arrows 29 and the section 28 the flow through inclined bores 28 a and 28 b for movement in the opposite direction the piston is free. The middle section 27 is used for Shutting off the flow.

The piston of the control slide 20, 21 is provided in the upper section with a horizontal bore 20a or 21a and in the middle section with an inclined bore 20b or 21b, while the lower section is used for blocking. Piston rods 30, 31 , which are designed as electromagnets provided with magnet windings A - K, are arranged on both sides of all control pistons. Depending on the power supply to one of the two magnet windings of a control slide, the control piston is either moved into the position shown in FIG. 1 brought the position of the control slide 15, 16, 17 , the section 26 allowing the passage of the pressure oil through the bores 32, or brought into the opposite position, the pressure medium in the section 28 through the inclined bores 28 a, 28 b the piston motors is supplied so that they are moved in the opposite direction of the arrows 29.

When there is no voltage in the two magnet windings of a control spool the control piston arrives by means of a spring balancer, not shown in a position in which the middle section 27 shuts off the flow.

The pressure medium, for example pressure oil, is supplied by a pressure oil pump 33 fed to the system via lines 38 and one for receiving the returned Removed oil serving container 34. In the event of a power failure, pressure oil accumulators 35 are switched on, which are connected to the system by lines 36. as Another emergency unit is a manually operated pump 37 is arranged.

The gas taps on the MS side are in the switching state shown open, the air flaps open and the exhaust valves closed. On the KS side the strong gas taps are then closed, the air flaps closed and the exhaust valves opened.

When changing the heating direction, the one provided with contact segments 39 for the individual control processes, shown in FIG. 2, only functionally diagrammatically shown control drum rotated by means of an electric motor, not shown, initially a start-up path of about 5 ° angular position is required to actuate the piston motor 1 for the purpose of closing the gas taps on the MS side. The associated contact finger, not shown, then runs on the contact segment 39a, whereby the coil a of the piston rod 31 of the associated control slide 15 receives voltage and the piston rod 31 pulls the piston slide into a position in which the section 28 reaches the area of the flow openings 32 of the piston cylinder . The coils A -K correspond to the contact segments A'-K 'of the control slide in the diagram of FIG. 2.

As a result, the pressure oil is fed from the .Leitung 38 via the inclined bore 28 a of the piston of the line 9 , which brings the pressure oil in front of the piston 8 of the piston engine 1 and moves it against the direction of arrow 29. Aböl then flows through line 10 and inclined bore 28 b into line 40 . The pressure remains on the piston 8 after the piston has completed its travel.

The gas taps on the MS side are thus closed. This closure ends at an angle of the control roller of 85 °.

At an angle of 80 °, the control slide 20 of the piston motor receives 18 for opening the soot removal flaps on the KS side pressurized oil by the contact segment 39b comes into contact with a contact finger, whereby the coil H, which was previously just as the coil G was de-energized, received voltage and the piston rod 30 of the control slide moved so that the pressure oil from line 38 through the horizontal Bore 20 a in the line 22 to the piston engine 18 arrives.

When the control drum is in an angular position of 95 °, the pressure medium is supplied locked to the piston motor 18 in that the coil G receives voltage, so that the control piston reaches the locking position of the lower piston section and the Soot removal flaps only remain partially open.

In an angular position of 115 ° of the control drum, the solenoid C of the control slide 17 receives voltage, so that pressurized oil from the line 38 passes through the inclined bore 28 b into the line 12 in front of the piston 8 of the piston motor 3. The oil flows off into the line 40 through the inclined bore 28a. This means that the air flaps and flue gas valves on both sides of the furnace battery are switched, which ends at an angle of 215 ° C.

In an angular position of 120 ° C, the oil flow through the control slide 20 to the piston motor 18 of the soot removal flaps has been released again in that the coil H of the piston rod 30 receives voltage again and brings the control piston into the position in which the pressurized oil through the horizontal bore 20a enters the line 22. The soot removal flaps on the KS side open completely.

At an angular position of 160 ° C, the coil K became the piston rod 30 of the control slide 21 de-energized, so that the piston is in the neutral central position reaches, whereby the previous oil flow through the bore 21a to the piston engine 19 of the soot removal flaps on the machine side is interrupted and the oil from the Line 23 passes through the inclined bore 21 b into the discharge line 40. The so far Opened soot removal flaps on the machine side now begin as a result of the action of the counterweight 24 on the piston of the piston engine 19 to close.

At an angular position of 210 ° C., the flow of oil from the piston motor 19 is interrupted again by supplying power to the coil 1 of the control slide 21 of the piston rod 31, which brings the piston into the blocking position.

At an angle of 235 ° C, this will shut off the oil drain canceled again by the fact that the coil I is de-energized, so that the soot removal flaps close completely on the machine side.

Finally, at an angular position of 245 ° C, the coil E becomes the Piston rod 31 of the control slide 16 is applied so that the pressure oil from the Line 38 reaches line 14. This moves the piston into the position indicated by arrow 29 moves in the opposite direction and the strong gas taps on the coke side are opened, with which the conversion process is ended.

After a certain heating time, the changeover to the opposite direction by reversing the direction of rotation of the drive motor made of the control roller.

The contact bars for this changeover are for this purpose arranged in a mirror image of those of the previous changeover process, as from the lower half of the diagram F i g. 2 can be seen.

In a certain short period of time, which is not shown in the diagram, during the changeover of the Luftabgasumstellorgane, so in the angular position between 115 and 215 ° C, in which all air flaps are closed and all exhaust valves about half and all Entrußungsklappen the MS and KS side are open, the chimney draft sucks air at high speed through the high-speed gas lines directly into the openings of the heating draft sole leading to all regenerators in a short circuit through the regenerators into the chimney. As a result, soot deposits are carried away and burned.

As can be seen from the diagram F i g. 2, a contact segment 41 is also arranged on the control drum in the area of the closing path of the gas taps, which extends up to an angular position of the control drum of 105.degree. In the area of the closing path for the switchover of exhaust gas and air, another contact segment 42 is arranged up to an angular position of 225 ° C and in the area of the opening path of the taps there is finally a contact segment 43 which extends to the end of the opening path.

If there is a shortage of gas during the closing process of the gas taps contacts that act on a contactor are actuated via the gas pressure recorder, voltage via the contact finger sliding on the contact segment gives, but only after the contact finger has run off from the contact segment 41 the Circuit of the drive motor of the control roller when the angle of 105 ° C is reached, so after closing the gas taps, stops.

In the same way, if there is a lack of gas during the changeover of the exhaust gas and air changeover elements, the contact finger sliding on the contact segment 42 brings about the shutdown of the drive motor via a contactor after it has run out of the contact segment 42 after the 225 ° C angular position has been reached.

If there is a gas shortage during the subsequent opening movement of the gas taps, voltage is applied to a contactor via the gas shortage contacts and the contact finger running on the further contact segment 43, which immediately stops the drive motor. This actuates a reversing contactor, which reverses the direction of rotation of the drive motor, whereby the gas taps are moved back into the closed position and the drive motor is stopped after the contact finger has run off the contact rail 43 into the 225 ° C angular position.

A signal transmitter is always connected to the low-gas contacts, as a result of the operating personnel after the full gas supply has started again electrical actuation or by hand the control roller, depending on the position, either forward or can be turned back.

In the area of the end position of the pistons of the three piston engines 1, 2, 3 are, as shown in FIG. 1 apparent, limit switch 44 is arranged, which when reached End position of the piston by a cam 45 arranged at the end of the piston rod be operated. A further switching is only possible after the limit switch 44 has been actuated possible.

In the event that the oil pressure in the piston engine to be operated should have waned, but the control roller has already changed from that of the associated one Solenoid coil voltage-providing contact segment has expired, is activated by the expiry of the Contact finger of the associated contact segment stopped the control roller, until the piston in question of the piston engine reaches the end position and the Limit switch is actuated. By actuating this limit switch, the Control drum set in rotation again.

If the piston of one engine is in advance, the next can Piston engine will only receive pressurized oil when the contact finger is on the contact segment has arrived that is assigned to the solenoid of the control slide that controls the control slide moved into the position releasing the pressure oil path.

The limit switches 44 are interlocked so that in the event of failure a limit switch and simultaneous after-running of a piston through the changeover sequence the control is interrupted, so that the sequential circuit is also in this extreme case is secured without the risk of operating two piston motors at the same time.

The changeover sequence can be started in any position by pressing a button and switching off the drive motor of the control roller are interrupted.

The speed of the drive motor of the control roller can be adjusted by a series resistor can be changed at will, which means that the speed can be adjusted without difficulty during commissioning or can be set to a desired changeover time during operation can.

After the in F i g. 3, the control of the control slides is performed mechanically by means of two camshafts 47, 48, with the control slides lying between the cam disks 49, 50 of the two cam disk shafts and by means of their slide rods 51, 52 controlling the control slides in their sections 26, 28 causing the two directions of movement .

The cam disk shaft 47 is driven by a motor 53 via a countershaft 54 and can be switched off from this by a clutch 55. The cam disk shaft 48 is carried along by gear wheels 56 arranged on the two shafts. Otherwise, the monitoring and control in the event of malfunctions takes place in the same way as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 and 2 by means of an additional copier, not shown.

In the event of malfunctions, manual shutdown is also possible after disengaging the clutch 55 possible, the control being mechanically locked by locking bolts that released in the end positions of the piston motors only after the piston travel has ended will. This enables the simultaneous actuation of two piston engines by any incorrect operation by hand excluded.

A handwheel 57 is provided on the control shaft 48 for manual operation.

The piston motors can be arranged in front of the furnace battery, wherein at least the piston engine 3 is connected to a closed pulling element. A simpler arrangement results if there is a piston motor on each side of the furnace battery is arranged for the conversion of the gas taps and the air / exhaust gas changeover elements.

Claims (6)

Claims: 1. Device for hydraulic or pneumatic Actuate the changeover elements for regenerative coke oven batteries, with the pressure medium supply to the individual piston engines via a control drum using electromagnetic or mechanical control slide is controlled one after the other in such a way that only after completed piston travel of each piston engine receives the next pressure medium, marked thereby e t that the control roller is associated with one of the opening process of the gas taps Contact segment (for example 43) is provided, which is in the circuit of insufficient gas contacts is the impulse for such actuation of auxiliary contactors and a reversing contactor give that the circuit of the drive motor of the control drum in the event of a lack of gas immediately is interrupted and the motor moves the control drum to the closed position of the gas taps turns back. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the control roller also with the closing process of the gas taps and the switching process of the switching devices associated contact segments (41, 42) is provided in such a way in the circuit of the Gas shortage contacts are that the circuit of the drive motor by means of auxiliary contactors only interrupted after the end of the contact segments with the completion of the changeover process will. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control slide are provided on both sides with electromagnets, depending on the controlled power supply release the pressure medium supply to one of the two sides of the associated piston engine and cause the control slide to be locked in the middle when there is no voltage. 4. Device according to one or more of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that that the soot removal flaps of the strong gas feed each heating side one of a piston engine influenced in such a way that at least the soot removal flaps of the supply lines that were last carrying heavy gas at the Change process in a short period of time in which all exhaust valves partially open and all controlling the air supply to the regenerators Flaps and all heavy gas taps are closed. 5. Device after one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that on the control roller Contact segments for several programs are arranged by means of a selector switch can be switched on. 6. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the contact segments (41, 42, 43) of the control roller are located directly in the circuit of the drive motor of the control roller and in the end travel of the piston rod of the piston motors (1, 2, 3) Limit switches (44) for switching on the drive motor are arranged in such a way that if a piston remains behind, the control roller is stopped and started again after the limit switch has been actuated. Documents considered: German Patent No. 1098 963; Swiss patent specification No. 162 093.