DE1278002B - A B luminescence diode, in particular based on GaAs, with a high light yield due to the low absorption of the p-luminescence in the n-zone - Google Patents
A B luminescence diode, in particular based on GaAs, with a high light yield due to the low absorption of the p-luminescence in the n-zoneInfo
- Publication number
- DE1278002B DE1278002B DES101435A DES0101435A DE1278002B DE 1278002 B DE1278002 B DE 1278002B DE S101435 A DES101435 A DE S101435A DE S0101435 A DES0101435 A DE S0101435A DE 1278002 B DE1278002 B DE 1278002B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- zone
- luminescence
- diode
- base material
- gaas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/74—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing arsenic, antimony or bismuth
- C09K11/7492—Arsenides; Nitrides; Phosphides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Led Devices (AREA)
Description
DeutscheKl.: 21 f-89/03German class: 21 f-89/03
Nummer: 1278 002 Number: 1278 002
Aktenzeichen: P 12 78 002.8-33 (S101435) File number: P 12 78 002.8-33 (S 101 435)
1 278 002 Anmeldetag: 14.Januar 1966 1 278 002 filing date: January 14 , 1966
Auslegetag: 19. September 1968 Opening day: September 19 , 1968
Es ist bekannt, daß in einer Am !^-Lumineszenzdiode die Photonenenergie in der η-Zone der Diode meist größer ist als in der p-Zone. Das bedeutet umgekehrt, daß praktisch nur die p-Lumineszenzstrahlung auf dem Wege durch die η-Zone nach außen gelangen kann, ohne stark absorbiert zu werden. Bei üblichen Betriebstemperaturen, insbesondere für GaAs bei Zimmertemperatur, sind die Absorptionsverluste in einer AinBv-Lumineszenzdiode mit homogenem Grundmaterial aber noch so hoch, daß nur wenige Prozente der am pn-übergang entstandenen p-Lumineszenzstrahlung die η-Zone durchdringen.It is known that in an A m ! ^ Luminescent diode the photon energy in the η zone of the diode is usually greater than in the p zone. Conversely, this means that practically only the p-luminescence radiation can reach the outside on the way through the η zone without being strongly absorbed. At normal operating temperatures, especially for GaAs at room temperature, the absorption losses in an A in B v luminescence diode with a homogeneous base material are still so high that only a few percent of the p-luminescence radiation generated at the pn junction penetrate the η zone.
Zur Verringerung der Absorptionsverluste in der η-Zone wurde bereits vorgeschlagen (J. Appl. Phys., Bd. 36, Nr. 2 [1965], S. 460 bis 461), eine Lumineszenzdiode auf GaAs-GaP-Basis zu verwenden, deren Absorptionsverluste beim Durchgang der am pn-übergang der Diode entstandenen p-Lumineszenzstrahlung durch die η-Zone der Diode dadurch vermindert sind, daß mittels kontinuierlicher Änderung der Zusammensetzung des halbleitenden Grundmaterials die η-Zone einen mit zunehmendem Abstand vom pn-übergang wachsenden effektiven Bandabstand hat.To reduce the absorption losses in the η zone, it has already been proposed (J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 36, No. 2 [1965], pp. 460 to 461) to use a light emitting diode based on GaAs-GaP Absorption losses when the p-luminescence radiation produced at the pn junction of the diode passes through the η zone of the diode are reduced by the fact that the η zone has an effective band gap that increases with increasing distance from the pn junction by means of a continuous change in the composition of the semiconducting base material .
Eine so aufgebaute AinBv-Lumineszenzdiode mit kontinuierlicher Zunahme des effektiven Bandabstandes hat aber noch folgende Nachteile:An A in B v luminescent diode constructed in this way with a continuous increase in the effective band gap still has the following disadvantages:
1. Ein beachtlicher Anteil der Lumineszenzstrahlung, insbesondere der kurzwellige Teil, wird in dem an den pn-übergang angrenzenden Bereich der η-Zone bereits absorbiert. 1. A considerable proportion of the luminescence radiation, in particular the short-wave part, is already absorbed in the area of the η zone adjoining the pn junction.
2. In einer solchen, in ihrer Zusammensetzung stetig veränderten Diode bilden die Flächen mit gleichen optischen Eigenschaften Ebenen parallel zur pn-Übergangszone; wenn die äußere Grenzfläche der Dioden-n-Zone nicht gerade mit einer solchen Ebene zusammenfällt, ändern sich die optischen Eigenschaften über die ganze äußere Oberfläche der η-Zone. In vielen Fällen ist das nicht erwünscht. 2. In such a diode, which is constantly changing in its composition, the surfaces with the same optical properties form planes parallel to the pn junction zone; if the outer boundary surface of the diode n-zone does not exactly coincide with such a plane, the optical properties change over the entire outer surface of the η-zone. In many cases this is not desirable.
3. Ein wesentlicher Nachteil besteht noch darin, daß bei der stetigen Änderung der Zusammensetzung des Grundmaterials ein bestimmter Konzentrationsgradient eingehalten werden muß, da die Strahlungsquelle selbst innerhalb dieses Grundmaterials liegt. Andernfalls wären die so aufgebauten Lumineszenzdioden nicht reproduzierbar bezüglich Ausbeute und Wellenlänge des Lumineszenzmaximums. 3. Another major disadvantage is that, with the constant change in the composition of the base material, a certain concentration gradient must be maintained, since the radiation source itself lies within this base material. Otherwise the luminescence diodes constructed in this way would not be reproducible in terms of yield and wavelength of the luminescence maximum.
Es ist außerdem bekannt, daß die Intensität der austretenden Strahlung noch dadurch merklich erhöht
AinBv-Lumineszenzdiode,
insbesondere auf GaAs-Basis, mit hoher
Lichtausbeute infolge geringer Absorption der
p-Lumineszenz in der n-ZoneIt is also known that the intensity of the exiting radiation is noticeably increased by A in B v -Luminescent diode,
especially based on GaAs, with high
Light output due to low absorption of the
p-luminescence in the n-zone
Anmelder:Applicant:
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin und München, 8000 München 2, Wittelsbacherplatz 2 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin and Munich, 8000 Munich 2, Wittelsbacherplatz 2
Als Erfinder benannt:
Dr. Günter Winstel,Named as inventor:
Dr. Günter Winstel,
Dipl.-Phys. Karl-Heinz Zschauer, 8000 MünchenDipl.-Phys. Karl-Heinz Zschauer, 8000 Munich
werden kann, daß man dem η-dotierten Teil der Diode ao an der Außengrenze eine solche Form, etwa Weierstrass-Geometrie
(vgl. Fig. 2 bzw. 3), gibt, daß die Strahlung auf diese Grenzfläche so auftrifft, daß sie
praktisch ohne Totalreflexionsverluste nach außen durchtreten kann,
as Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die Lichtausbeute der AlllBv-Lumineszenzdiode darüber
hinaus noch dadurch zu erhöhen, daß die Absorptionsverluste an Lumineszenzstrahlung längs des Weges
von ihrer Entstehung am pn-übergang durch die n-Zone der Diode bis hin zur äußeren Grenzfläche
möglichst vollkommen unterdrückt werden.can be, that the η-doped portion of the diode ao at the outer boundary of such a shape as Weierstrass geometry (see. Fig. 2 or 3), is that the radiation as incident on that interface that it virtually no Total reflection losses can penetrate to the outside,
The object of the present invention is to increase the luminous efficiency of the A III B v luminescent diode by reducing the absorption losses of luminescent radiation along the path from its formation at the pn junction through the n zone of the diode to the outside Interface are suppressed as completely as possible.
Entsprechend dem Gedanken der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die gestellte Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß in der AlllBv-Lumineszenzdiode, insbesondere J5 in einer GaAs-Diode, der effektive Bandabstand des halbleitenden Grundmaterials der n-Zone gegenüber dem der p-Zone unmittelbar am pn-übergang sprunghaft um etwa die Halbwertsbreite des Lumineszenzbandes oder mehr zunimmt, so daß selbst der kurz-(.o wellige Anteil der p-Lumineszenzstrahlung die n-Zone im wesentlichen ohne Absorption durchdringt.According to the idea of the present invention, the object is achieved in that in the A III B v luminescent diode, in particular J5 in a GaAs diode, the effective band gap of the semiconducting base material of the n-zone compared to that of the p-zone directly at the pn -transition increases abruptly by about the half-width of the luminescence band or more, so that even the short - (. o wavy portion of the p-luminescence radiation penetrates the n-zone essentially without absorption.
Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung sind in der folgenden Beschreibung und an Hand der F i g. 1 und den in Fig. 2 bzw. 3 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen, bei denen die p-Zone epitaktisch auf der n-Zone niedergeschlagen bzw. in diese einlegiert ist, näher erläutert.Further details of the invention can be found in the following description and with reference to FIGS. 1 and the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , in which the p-zone is deposited epitaxially on the n-zone or is alloyed into it, explained in more detail.
Das gewünschte, im wesentlichen absorptionsfreie Durchdringen der n-Zone wird möglich, wenn die So folgende Ungleichung gilt:The desired, substantially absorption-free in penetration of the n-type region is possible if the following inequality holds So:
hvp + Ä{hvp) < Ak . hv p + Ä {hv p ) <Ak.
809 617/231809 617/231
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES101436A DE1257965B (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1966-01-14 | AIIIBA light emitting diode, especially based on GaAs, with high light yield |
| DE1966S0101435 DE1278002C2 (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1966-01-14 | LUMINESCENT DIODE FROM GAAS AS BASIC MATERIAL |
| NL6616658A NL6616658A (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1966-11-25 | |
| GB1311/67A GB1156903A (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1967-01-10 | Improvements in or relating to Luminescent Diodes |
| AT28967A AT266939B (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1967-01-11 | A <III> B <V> luminescent diode |
| CH43167A CH459365A (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1967-01-12 | AIIIBv light emitting diode |
| FR90844A FR1507827A (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1967-01-12 | Light emitting diode |
| SE481/67A SE323144B (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1967-01-12 | |
| JP226967A JPS5132076B1 (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1967-01-13 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES101436A DE1257965B (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1966-01-14 | AIIIBA light emitting diode, especially based on GaAs, with high light yield |
| DE1966S0101435 DE1278002C2 (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1966-01-14 | LUMINESCENT DIODE FROM GAAS AS BASIC MATERIAL |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1278002B true DE1278002B (en) | 1968-09-19 |
| DE1278002C2 DE1278002C2 (en) | 1977-11-03 |
Family
ID=25998341
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES101436A Pending DE1257965B (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1966-01-14 | AIIIBA light emitting diode, especially based on GaAs, with high light yield |
| DE1966S0101435 Expired DE1278002C2 (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1966-01-14 | LUMINESCENT DIODE FROM GAAS AS BASIC MATERIAL |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES101436A Pending DE1257965B (en) | 1966-01-14 | 1966-01-14 | AIIIBA light emitting diode, especially based on GaAs, with high light yield |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5132076B1 (en) |
| CH (1) | CH459365A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE1257965B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1507827A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1156903A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL6616658A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE323144B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2120464A1 (en) * | 1970-05-01 | 1971-11-18 | Western Electric Co | Light-emitting heterostructure diode |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8715211D0 (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1987-08-05 | Secr Defence | Lensed photo detector |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1416939A (en) * | 1963-12-12 | 1965-11-05 | Gen Electric | Improvements in optical transmission processes of alloyed semiconductor light sources |
-
1966
- 1966-01-14 DE DES101436A patent/DE1257965B/en active Pending
- 1966-01-14 DE DE1966S0101435 patent/DE1278002C2/en not_active Expired
- 1966-11-25 NL NL6616658A patent/NL6616658A/xx unknown
-
1967
- 1967-01-10 GB GB1311/67A patent/GB1156903A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-01-12 SE SE481/67A patent/SE323144B/xx unknown
- 1967-01-12 FR FR90844A patent/FR1507827A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-01-12 CH CH43167A patent/CH459365A/en unknown
- 1967-01-13 JP JP226967A patent/JPS5132076B1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1416939A (en) * | 1963-12-12 | 1965-11-05 | Gen Electric | Improvements in optical transmission processes of alloyed semiconductor light sources |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2120464A1 (en) * | 1970-05-01 | 1971-11-18 | Western Electric Co | Light-emitting heterostructure diode |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1156903A (en) | 1969-07-02 |
| DE1257965B (en) | 1968-01-04 |
| JPS5132076B1 (en) | 1976-09-10 |
| FR1507827A (en) | 1967-12-29 |
| CH459365A (en) | 1968-07-15 |
| DE1278002C2 (en) | 1977-11-03 |
| SE323144B (en) | 1970-04-27 |
| NL6616658A (en) | 1967-07-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |