DE1272452B - Zinc-doped gallium phosphide semiconductor radiation source and process for its manufacture - Google Patents
Zinc-doped gallium phosphide semiconductor radiation source and process for its manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- DE1272452B DE1272452B DEP1272A DE1272452A DE1272452B DE 1272452 B DE1272452 B DE 1272452B DE P1272 A DEP1272 A DE P1272A DE 1272452 A DE1272452 A DE 1272452A DE 1272452 B DE1272452 B DE 1272452B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- gallium
- melt
- tin
- atomic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H10P95/00—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B31/00—Diffusion or doping processes for single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure; Apparatus therefor
- C30B31/04—Diffusion or doping processes for single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure; Apparatus therefor by contacting with diffusion materials in the liquid state
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
-
- H10W72/07552—
-
- H10W72/522—
-
- H10W72/527—
-
- H10W72/536—
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
- Y10S148/107—Melt
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Led Devices (AREA)
Description
BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND DEUTSCHES WTTWl· PATENTAMT Int. Cl.: FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY GERMAN WTTWl · PATENT OFFICE Int. Cl .:
H05bH05b
AUSLEGESCHRIFTEDITORIAL
Deutsche Kl.: 2If-89/03 German class: 2If-89/03
Nummer: 1272452 Number: 1272452
Aktenzeichen: P 12 72 452.6-33 (N 27245) File number: P 12 72 452.6-33 (N 27245)
Anmeldetag: 25. August 1965 Filing date: August 25, 1965
Auslegetag: 11. Juli 1968 Opening day: July 11, 1968
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Halbleiterstrahlungsquelle aus zinkdotiertem Galliumphosphid. Eine solche Strahlungsquelle bekannter Art besteht aus Galliumphosphid, das Zink in fester Lösung enthält, mit einer Elektrode, von der her ein Überschuß an Ladungsträgern in das zinkdotierte Galliumphosphid injiziert werden kann, wodurch bei der Rekombination von Elektronen und Löchern in dem Körper Strahlung entstehen kann. Weiter bezieht sich die Erfindung auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung zink- ίο dotierten Galliumphosphids durch Abtrennung aus einer im wesentlichen aus Gallium und Phosphor bestehenden Schmelze, der außerdem eine Zinkdotierung zugesetzt ist. Die Rekombination braucht dabei nicht eine direkte Kombination eines Elektrons aus dem Leitungsband mit einem Loch aus dem Valenzband zu sein, sondern kann auch stufenweise erfolgen, z. B., wenn ein Elektron aus dem Leitungsband oder ein Loch aus dem Valenzband in ein Zwischenniveau eingefangen wird und sich darauf mit einem Loch ao bzw. einem Elektron kombiniert, wobei in mindestens einer der Stufen Strahlung entsteht. Statt in zwei Stufen kann die Rekombination auch in drei oder mehr Stufen erfolgen.The invention relates to a semiconductor radiation source made from zinc-doped gallium phosphide. One such a radiation source of a known type consists of gallium phosphide, which contains zinc in solid solution, with an electrode from which an excess of charge carriers in the zinc-doped gallium phosphide can be injected, thereby causing the recombination of electrons and holes in the body Radiation can arise. The invention also relates to a method for producing zinc ίο doped gallium phosphide by separation from one consisting essentially of gallium and phosphorus Melt to which zinc doping has also been added. The recombination needs it not a direct combination of an electron from the conduction band with a hole from the valence band to be, but can also be done in stages, e.g. B. when an electron is out of the conduction band or a hole from the valence band is captured in an intermediate level and then with a hole ao or an electron combined, with radiation being produced in at least one of the stages. Instead of two Stages, the recombination can also take place in three or more stages.
Eine solche Strahlungsquelle läßt sich für viele as Zwecke verwenden, z. B. als Lampe, in elektrischen, optischen oder elektrooptischen Vorrichtungen mit mindestens einem elektrolumineszierenden Teil, z. B. bei Signalübertragungsvorrichtungen mit elektrolumineszierenden Zellen und Photozellen, in Bildverstärkern mit photoelektrischen und elektrolumineszierenden Schichten, optoelektronischen Transistoren und in optischen Sendern (Lasern) mit einer Injektionsstrahlungsquelle, in der stimulierte, kohärente Strahlung erzeugt wird.Such a radiation source can be used for many as Use purposes, e.g. B. as a lamp, in electrical, optical or electro-optical devices with at least one electroluminescent part, e.g. B. in signal transmission devices with electroluminescent Cells and photocells, in image intensifiers with photoelectric and electroluminescent Layers, optoelectronic transistors and in optical transmitters (lasers) with an injection radiation source, in which stimulated, coherent radiation is generated.
Die Strahlung kann z. B. in dem Halbleitermaterial durch Stromdurchgang durch einen p-n-, p-i-n-, oder Metall-Halbleiter-Übergang erzeugt werden.The radiation can e.g. B. in the semiconductor material by current passage through a p-n, p-i-n, or Metal-semiconductor transition are generated.
Es ist bekannt, daß zinkdotiertes Galliumphosphid ein besonders gut geeignetes Material zur Anwendung in einer Injektionsstrahlungsquelle ist, wobei Strahlung in dem sichtbaren Bereich des Spektrums mit einem Maximum bei etwa 7000 und 5750 A erzeugt wird. Die Ausbeute kann dabei sehr hoch sein.It is known that zinc-doped gallium phosphide is a particularly well-suited material for use in an injection radiation source, radiation being generated in the visible region of the spectrum with a maximum at about 7000 and 5750 Å . The yield can be very high.
Es hat sich jedoch ergeben, daß, in Körpern hergestellt, aus einer Schmelze von Gallium, Phosphor
und Zink wenigstens bei Zimmertemperatur häufig keine Injektionslumineszenz erzeugt werden konnte,
auch wenn die Kristalle durchsichtig waren. Es wurde weiter gefunden, daß die lumineszierenden Eigenschäften
wohl erzielt wurden, wenn die Schmelze mit etwas Sauerstoff verunreinigt war. Die Schlußfolge-Halbleiterstrahlungsquelle
aus zinkdotiertem
Galliumphosphid und Verfahren zu ihrer
HerstellungHowever, it has been found that, produced in bodies, often no injection luminescence could be generated from a melt of gallium, phosphorus and zinc, at least at room temperature, even if the crystals were transparent. It was further found that the luminescent properties were achieved when the melt was contaminated with some oxygen. The final sequence semiconductor radiation source made of zinc-doped
Gallium phosphide and method for its
Manufacturing
Anmelder:Applicant:
N. V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken,
Eindhoven (Niederlande)NV Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken,
Eindhoven (Netherlands)
Vertreter:Representative:
Dipl.-Ing. E. E. Walther, Patentanwalt,Dipl.-Ing. E. E. Walther, patent attorney,
2000 Hamburg 1, Mönckebergstr. 72000 Hamburg 1, Mönckebergstr. 7th
Als Erfinder benannt:Named as inventor:
Willem Westerveid,Willem Westerveid,
Wilhelmus Polycarpus de Graaf, EindhovenWilhelmus Polycarpus de Graaf, Eindhoven
(Niederlande)(Netherlands)
Beanspruchte Priorität:Claimed priority:
Niederlande vom 29. August 1964 (6410 080) - -Netherlands of August 29, 1964 (6410 080) - -
rung wurde daher gezogen, daß zum Erzielen einer guten Injektionslumineszenz die Anwesenheit von Zink und Sauerstoff in dem Galliumphosphid erforderlich war.It was therefore drawn that, in order to achieve good injection luminescence, the presence of Zinc and oxygen in the gallium phosphide was required.
Es ist jedoch schwierig, Sauerstoff in reproduzierbarer Weise in der Schmelze zu dosieren. Die Schmelze enthält weiter Bestandteile, die leicht mit Sauerstoff reagieren. Es kann z. B. festes Galliumoxyd in der Schmelze gebildet werden. Die Teilchen dieses Stoffes können als Kristallisationskeime wirksam werden, was der Bildung der im allgemeinen verlangten Einkristalle geeigneter Größe entgegenwirkt. Weiter können solche Teilchen Einschlüsse in den erhaltenen Galliumphosphidkörpern bilden, die bei Verwendung eines solchen Körpers in einer Strahlungsquelle einen Teil der erzeugten Strahlung absorbieren könnten.However, it is difficult to meter oxygen into the melt in a reproducible manner. The melt also contains components that easily react with oxygen. It can e.g. B. solid gallium oxide in the Melt are formed. The particles of this substance can act as crystal nuclei, what counteracts the formation of the generally required single crystals of suitable size. Such can continue Particles form inclusions in the resulting gallium phosphide bodies, which when using such Body in a radiation source could absorb some of the radiation generated.
Die Erfindung bezweckt unter anderem, zinkdotiertes Galliumphosphid zur Anwendung in einer Injektionsstrahlungsquelle zu schaffen, das diese Nachteile nicht aufweist. Es wurde nunmehr gefunden, daß Galliumphosphid, hergestellt aus einer sauerstofffreien Schmelze von Gallium, Phosphor und Zink, keine nachweisbaren Mengen Zink enthält, während aus einer solchen Schmelze, die weiter eine kleine Menge Sauerstoff enthält, Galliumphosphid gebildet werden kann, das Zink in Mengen enthält, die spek-The invention aims, inter alia, with zinc-doped gallium phosphide for use in an injection radiation source to create that does not have these disadvantages. It has now been found that gallium phosphide prepared from an oxygen-free Melt of gallium, phosphorus and zinc, while containing no detectable amounts of zinc gallium phosphide is formed from such a melt, which also contains a small amount of oxygen that contains zinc in amounts that are spec-
809 569/236809 569/236
Claims (1)
dieser beiden Elemente fehlt, ist vorzugsweise geringer 25 Es folgt ein Beispiel der Herstellung einer Lichtais der atomare Zinkgehalt. quelle aus einem auf die vorstehend beschriebeneThe atomic content of germanium and tin is sorted according to size and it can possibly be combined, whereby the content of only one of these larger crystals in smaller single crystal bodies with the elements has to be taken into account when the other desired dimensions are divided,
absent of these two elements, it is preferably less than 25. The following is an example of the preparation of a light as the atomic zinc content. source from one on the one described above
anderen Elemente in der Schmelze gewählt wird, 50 Patentansprüche:
brauchen die Bildung der Schmelze und die Abtrennung von Galliumphosphid aus der Schmelze nicht * 1. Halbleiterstrahlungsquelle aus zinkdotiertem bei besonders hohen Temperaturen durchgeführt zu _ Galliumphosphid, dadurch gekennzeichwerden. Außerdem können Galliumphosphidkristalle" net, daß das zinkdotierte Galliumphosphid minmit einer praktisch konstanten Zinkkonzentration 55 destens in dem der Elektrode benachbarten Teil ohne nennenswerte Konzentrationsgradienten erhalten zusätzlich Zinn und/oder Germanium enthält,
werden. Die atomare Menge Galliumum der Schmelze 2. Strahlungsquelle nach Ansprach 1, dadurch ist vorzugsweise mindestens das Zweifache der atoma- gekennzeichnet, daß der Zinkgehalt mindestens ren Phosphormenge in der Schmelze. In der Praxis 5 · 10~6 und höchstens 1 · 10~4 Gewichtsteile bewird vorzugsweise eine Schmelze mit einer atomaren 60 trägt.Due to the fact that the atomic amount of gallium in the radiation with a maximum at around 7000 and melt is greater than the total atomic amount of 5750 A,
other elements in the melt is selected, 50 claims:
do not need the formation of the melt and the separation of gallium phosphide from the melt. In addition, gallium phosphide crystals can be obtained so that the zinc-doped gallium phosphide with a practically constant zinc concentration at least in the part adjacent to the electrode without significant concentration gradients additionally contains tin and / or germanium,
will. The atomic amount of gallium in the melt 2. Radiation source according to spoke 1, characterized is preferably at least twice the atomic amount, characterized in that the zinc content is at least ren amount of phosphorus in the melt. In practice, 5 · 10 -6 and at most 1 x 10 ~ 4 parts by weight bewird preferably carries a melt having an atomic 60th
österreichische Patentschrift Nr. 228 858.Considered publications:
Austrian patent specification No. 228 858.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL6410080A NL6410080A (en) | 1964-08-29 | 1964-08-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1272452B true DE1272452B (en) | 1968-07-11 |
Family
ID=19790909
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP1272A Pending DE1272452B (en) | 1964-08-29 | 1965-08-25 | Zinc-doped gallium phosphide semiconductor radiation source and process for its manufacture |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3394085A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT270748B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE668878A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH477915A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1272452B (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1043689A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL6410080A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE321298B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3549401A (en) * | 1966-12-20 | 1970-12-22 | Ibm | Method of making electroluminescent gallium phosphide diodes |
| CA920280A (en) * | 1970-11-16 | 1973-01-30 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. | Semiconductive transducer |
| JP2698891B2 (en) * | 1992-11-07 | 1998-01-19 | 信越半導体株式会社 | GaP light emitting device substrate |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT228858B (en) * | 1961-02-07 | 1963-08-12 | Philips Nv | Electro-optical semiconductor device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3293513A (en) * | 1962-08-08 | 1966-12-20 | Texas Instruments Inc | Semiconductor radiant diode |
| US3290539A (en) * | 1963-09-16 | 1966-12-06 | Rca Corp | Planar p-nu junction light source with reflector means to collimate the emitted light |
-
1964
- 1964-08-29 NL NL6410080A patent/NL6410080A/xx unknown
-
1965
- 1965-08-13 US US479556A patent/US3394085A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1965-08-25 DE DEP1272A patent/DE1272452B/en active Pending
- 1965-08-26 SE SE11160/65A patent/SE321298B/xx unknown
- 1965-08-26 CH CH1199365A patent/CH477915A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1965-08-26 GB GB36653/65A patent/GB1043689A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-08-26 AT AT785265A patent/AT270748B/en active
- 1965-08-27 BE BE668878A patent/BE668878A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT228858B (en) * | 1961-02-07 | 1963-08-12 | Philips Nv | Electro-optical semiconductor device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1043689A (en) | 1966-09-21 |
| AT270748B (en) | 1969-05-12 |
| SE321298B (en) | 1970-03-02 |
| US3394085A (en) | 1968-07-23 |
| BE668878A (en) | 1966-02-28 |
| CH477915A (en) | 1969-09-15 |
| NL6410080A (en) | 1966-03-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE68918361T2 (en) | Electroluminescent arrangement of compound semiconductors. | |
| DE1794113C3 (en) | Process for diffusing foreign alomas in silicon carbide | |
| DE3123234C2 (en) | Process for making a pn junction in a group II-VI semiconductor material | |
| DE2039381A1 (en) | Method of manufacturing an electroluminescent device and device of this type | |
| DE976348C (en) | Process for the production of semiconductor components with pn junctions and components produced according to this process | |
| DE2062041C3 (en) | Process for the production of semiconductor junctions by liquid phase epitaxy of solid solutions of n / IV and IV / VI semiconductor compounds | |
| DE1272452B (en) | Zinc-doped gallium phosphide semiconductor radiation source and process for its manufacture | |
| DE2224619A1 (en) | LUMINESCENT MATERIAL | |
| DE1639146C3 (en) | Process for the production of an electroluminescent semiconductor diode with a p-n junction | |
| DE2522489A1 (en) | PHOTO EMITTER | |
| DE1544206C3 (en) | Process for the production of doped gallium phosphide single crystals with photoactivity | |
| DE1764082C3 (en) | Process for producing a photoconductive powder with high dark resistance | |
| DE1614753A1 (en) | Photoelectric conductors | |
| DE2408691A1 (en) | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A RED LIGHT EMITTING GALLIUM PHOSPHIDE DIODE | |
| DE2923065A1 (en) | ELECTROLUMINESCENTS AND / OR LIGHT DETECTING DIODES AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THESE DIODES | |
| DE2438787A1 (en) | GA AL AS SEMICONDUCTOR LASER | |
| DE1265313B (en) | Photocell and process for its manufacture | |
| DE1268116B (en) | Process for the production of a photoconductive semiconductor body from gallium phosphide which is at least partially activated with copper | |
| DE2053902C (en) | A method for producing a photoconductive material sensitive in the ultraviolet ray region | |
| DE69303121T2 (en) | GaP light emitting device and method of manufacturing the same | |
| DE1015964B (en) | Process for the production of an electroluminescent powder | |
| DE1217499B (en) | A B-type electroluminescent semiconductor as an injection radiation source and method for its production | |
| DE1185738B (en) | Method of making a photoconductive material | |
| DE2019162C (en) | Zinc sulfide element | |
| DE1199897B (en) | Process for the production of a barrier layer in an n-conducting cadmium sulfide body |