DE1118014B - Fire extinguishing agents for combating embers, especially smoldering dust - Google Patents

Description

The bromine-containing halogen derivatives of methane and ethane have excellent extinguishing power these become indispensable extinguishing agents for liquid fires and for fires in electrical systems permit. Unfortunately, these extinguishing agents are not suitable for fighting ember fires because they act on Due to their relatively low boiling points, they evaporate quickly on hot objects, so that they do not get into the Can penetrate deep.

For carbon tetrachloride, it is known that * ° higher boiling liquid or solid chlorinated hydrocarbons such as hexachloroethane, perchlorinated naphthalene, perchlorinated diphenyl, Perchlortriphenylbenzol and hexachlorobenzene attach to a wider field of application for carbon tetrachloride as a fire to get ^one S extinguishing agent. However, only a few percent of these chlorine-containing compounds are soluble in the brominated halogen derivatives of methane and ethane and also in carbon tetrachloride, so that a considerable excess of extinguishing ^agent would be required in the event of a glowing fire. The great tendency of the additives mentioned to sublimate also has an unfavorable effect. For this reason, has been recommended to the carbon tetrachloride flammable solvents such as trichlorethylene add to increase the solubility ^a 5 ness of the above chlorine-containing substances. However, these solvents, which themselves have no or only minimal extinguishing power, greatly reduce the extinguishing power of carbon tetrachloride, since they dilute it considerably. The extinguishing power of the bromine-containing halogen derivatives of methane and ethane would be reduced to an even greater extent by such a dilution, since these substances have a considerably greater absolute extinguishing power than carbon tetrachloride.

Another known extinguishing agent consists in equal parts of a mixture of carbon tetrachloride and highly chlorinated, liquid to semi-solid paraffin, which binds the split off Hydrogen chloride ammonium carbonate is added. Here the ammonium carbonate gives under the action of the hydrogen chloride releases carbon dioxide, which is then released directly on the surface of the Fire source through its suffocating effect gives an extinguishing effect. Embers and smoldering dust cannot be extinguished with these extinguishing agents.

It has now been found that embers and smoldering dusts can be avoided with such extinguishing agent mixtures can extinguish the except for the bromine-containing halogen compounds known per se as fire extinguishing agents of the methane and / or ethane incombustible chlorination products with a chlorine content of at least

to fight embers,
especially of smoldering dust

Applicant:

Farbwerke Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft

formerly Master Lucius & Brüning,

Frankfurt / M., Brüningstr. 45

Dr. Guido von Rosenberg,

Gersthofen near Augsburg,

and Dr. Wieland Joos, Frankfurt / M.,

have been named as inventors

40 to 45% of such paraffins or paraffin mixtures dissolved contain at least one so have high molecular weight that they are normally no longer gaseous.

The chlorinated paraffins used are non-flammable, non-volatile or fairly non-volatile substances that are in the liquid or liquefied Dissolve bromine-containing halogen compounds of methane and / or ethane.

For the extinguishing agent mixtures used according to the invention suitable chlorinated paraffins are liquid and solid chlorinated paraffins and mixtures of chlorinated paraffins at least 40 to 45% chlorine content, especially those with 50 to 80% chlorine content. In particular chlorination products come from liquid paraffin mixtures or liquid, possibly branched, ones Paraffins in question, both natural and synthetic products, e.g. B. such, derived from carbohydrate hydrogenation. These chlorinated paraffins are brominated with halomethanes and ethines can be mixed well.

Suitable brominated halomethanes or ethanes are monochloromonobromomethane, 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide and trifluorobromomethane. This can if necessary other halogen methanes or ethanes are added. For example, 10 to 20% solutions of chlorinated paraffins in the aforesaid bromine-containing halomethanes and ethanes are used, which still have low viscosities

109 740/317

sit. However, if necessary, higher or lower concentration solutions can be used.

The extinguishing process of the extinguishing agent mixtures composed according to the invention consists in that when the solutions are applied to an embers forming source of fire, some of the volatile bromine-containing ones Component of the extinguishing agent evaporates, making the extinguishing agent more concentrated and non-flammable Coating created on the source of the fire, which prevents the entry of air. Part of the concentrated However, the mixture penetrates into the depths of the source of the fire, with more as the temperature rises The extinguishing agent evaporates and the embers are extinguished. With burning dust This extinguishing agent also has the advantage that the dust particles stick together so that they are whirled up of the dust is largely prevented, making the formation of flashes practically impossible.

Another advantage of the new extinguishing agent mixture is the good wetting effect of the brominated To name halogen derivatives of methane and ethane, which now also make such burning objects can be easily deleted that previously had to be extinguished with water, where but because of their poor wettability with water, such a large excess of water is used had to be that the damage caused by the running water was often greater than the actual fire damage. The extinguishing agents according to the invention, which develop their extinguishing effect even in small quantities, penetrate due to their good net effect into the fire object, so that the environment is spared will.

The solutions proposed according to the invention can be used both in hand-held fire extinguishers or fire extinguishing cans with chlorofluorocarbons as propellants as well as in mobile fire extinguishers and stationary fire extinguishing systems are used.

example 1

40

With a fire extinguishing agent consisting of 64% monochloromonobromomethane, 20% difluorodichloromethane and 16% liquid chlorinated paraffin with about 70% chlorine, burning pulverized lignite became without Trouble cleared. It was not possible to rekindle the embers.

Example 2

With a fire extinguishing agent consisting of 64% monochloromonobromomethane, 20% difluorodichloromethane and 16% solid chlorinated paraffin with about 70% chlorine was a blast of burning dry, Wood waste from carpentry was smoothly cleared. It was not possible to rekindle the embers.

Example 3

With a fire extinguishing agent that consisted of 13% solid chlorinated paraffin with about 70% chlorine and 87% monochloromonobromomethane and which was _{brought to 8 atmospheres with compressed air, nitrogen or CO 2} , a pile of cleaning wool soaked with petrol and oil, which was already glowing heavily , smoothly deleted. It was not possible to rekindle the embers.

Example 4

Four equally large heaps of sawdust and wood shavings of the same composition became the same Time set on fire. After a certain time interval were - again simultaneously and under Compliance with the same conditions - the four fire objects each with the contents of a 2-1 fire extinguisher can treated.

a) The contents of the first fire extinguisher consisted of 80% carbon tetrachloride and 20% hexachloroethane. During the extinguishing attempt, a coating of hexachloroethane formed temporarily on the Fire object and managed to extinguish the flames with some skill. However, disappeared this coating was restored after a very short time, and the fire ignited again.

b) The contents of the second fire extinguisher consisted of 80% carbon tetrachloride, 10% trichlorethylene and 10% hexachlorobenzene. In this case, too, it was difficult to extinguish the flames. A few minutes after extinguishing, the flame started to form again.

c) The third fire extinguisher contained an extinguishing agent mixture consisting of 80% carbon tetrachloride and 20% solid chlorinated paraffin with a chlorine content of about 70%. This mixture also worked not to extinguish the third fire object easily. After the deletion, there was an immediate Does not flare up again. A closer examination of the fire object showed, however, that there were still isolated, smaller nests of embers inside, through which the danger of a later The fire object continued to flare up again.

d) With the contents of the fourth fire extinguisher, which consists of a mixture of 80% monochloromonobromomethane and 20% solid chlorinated paraffin with a chlorine content of about 70%, the flames succeeded of the fourth fire object to be extinguished immediately. A check showed that after the Extinguishing the flames, there was no longer any ember nest inside the burning object.

Claims (1)

Claim:
Fire extinguishing agents for combating glowing fires, in particular smoldering dusts, characterized in that, in addition to the bromine-containing halogen compounds of methane and / or ethane known per se as fire extinguishing agents, they contain incombustible chlorination products with a chlorine content of at least 40 to 45% dissolved in such paraffins or paraffin mixtures that have at least such a high molecular weight that they are normally no longer gaseous. Considered publications:
German patent specifications No. 639 395, 670 337,
671153;
U.S. Patent Nos. 1078,030, 1154161. © 109 740/317 11.61