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DE1115789B - Surface radiator for the emission and reception of electromagnetic waves from several widely spaced frequency bands - Google Patents

Surface radiator for the emission and reception of electromagnetic waves from several widely spaced frequency bands

Info

Publication number
DE1115789B
DE1115789B DED26015A DED0026015A DE1115789B DE 1115789 B DE1115789 B DE 1115789B DE D26015 A DED26015 A DE D26015A DE D0026015 A DED0026015 A DE D0026015A DE 1115789 B DE1115789 B DE 1115789B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
emission
reception
electromagnetic waves
frequency bands
widely spaced
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DED26015A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr-Ing Gerhard Koch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefunken Patentverwertungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Telefunken Patentverwertungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DED25217A external-priority patent/DE1100098B/en
Application filed by Telefunken Patentverwertungs GmbH filed Critical Telefunken Patentverwertungs GmbH
Priority to DED26015A priority Critical patent/DE1115789B/en
Publication of DE1115789B publication Critical patent/DE1115789B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/13Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
    • H01Q19/132Horn reflector antennas; Off-set feeding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/06Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
    • H01Q19/08Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens for modifying the radiation pattern of a radiating horn in which it is located
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/104Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/45Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more feeds in association with a common reflecting, diffracting or refracting device

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Description

In dem Hauptpatent 1100 098 ist ein Flächen-Strahler angegeben, bei dem die bei den höheren Frequenzen auftretende Verschmälerung der Hauptkeule wenigstens teilweise dadurch ausgeglichen wird, daß die Phase der Aperturbelegung des Flächenstrahlers eine entsprechende Frequenzabhängigkeit aufweist. Die gewünschte Phasenabweichung kann nach dem Hauptpatent entweder durch eine entsprechende Verformung des Reflektors oder durch eine entsprechende Vorsatzlinse erreicht werden. Bei Linsenantennen wird man zweckmäßigerweise die Linse von vornherein so wählen, daß sich bei der höchsten Betriebsfrequenz die gewünschte Phasenabweichung ergibt. Es wird sich dann im Gegensatz zu der bisher üblichen Dimensionierung bei keiner Betriebsfrequenz eine konphase Belegung ergeben. Will man bereits vorhandene Antennen nachträglich zum Betrieb für mehrere weit auseinanderliegende Bänder umrüsten, so ist kein großer Aufwand notwendig, wie es beispielsweise die Verformung eines Reflektors darstellen würde. Man kann dann die Phasenabweichungen in der Apertur durch entsprechend angesetzte Stufen oder Knicke am Reflektor oder einen entsprechend gewählten stufenförmigen Vorsatz aus phasenverzögerndem oder phasenbeschleunigendem Material erzeugen. Die Größe der Richtantennen wird man im allgemeinen so wählen, daß bei der tiefsten Betriebsfrequenz bei konphaser Belegung die Breite der Hauptkeule etwa den zulässigen Minimalwert hat. Wird dann die maximale Phasenabweichung bei der höchsten Betriebsfrequenz so groß gewählt, daß die Breite der Hauptkeule den zulässigen Minimalwert nicht überschreitet, so wird die Breite der Hauptkeule dann bei der tiefsten Frequenz nur wenig von dem Wert abweichen, den sie bei konphaser Belegung hat.In the main patent 1100 098 is a surface radiator specified, in which the narrowing of the main lobe occurring at the higher frequencies is at least partially compensated by the fact that the phase of the aperture occupancy of the surface emitter has a corresponding frequency dependence. The desired phase deviation can according to the main patent either by a corresponding deformation of the reflector or by a corresponding ancillary lens can be achieved. In the case of lens antennas, it is expedient to use the lens Choose from the start so that the desired phase deviation occurs at the highest operating frequency results. In contrast to the previously customary dimensioning, it will then not be at any operating frequency result in a conphase occupancy. If you want to retrofit existing antennas for To convert several belts that are far apart, no great effort is necessary, as is the case, for example would represent the deformation of a reflector. You can then see the phase deviations in the aperture by appropriately applied steps or kinks on the reflector or a corresponding one selected stepped attachment made of phase-retarding or phase-accelerating material produce. The size of the directional antennas will generally be chosen so that at the lowest operating frequency with konphaser occupancy the width of the Main lobe has about the minimum permissible value. Then the maximum phase deviation in the highest operating frequency selected so large that the width of the main lobe is the minimum permissible value does not exceed, the width of the main lobe then becomes little of that at the lowest frequency Value that it has with konphaser occupancy.

Hat der Flächenstrahler eine solche Aperturform und Belegung, daß sich eine annähernd rotationssymmetrische Hauptkeule ergibt, so ist unter Umständen (hängt von dem Verhältnis der tatsächlichen Halbwertsbreite zur zulässigen Minimalbreite ab) nur in der Vertikalebene eine Phasenabweichung vorzusehen, da die Schwankungen der Abstrahl- und Eingangswinkel in dieser Ebene stärker sind. Eventuell genügt es auch, die Phasenabweichungen in der Horizontalebene kleiner als in der Vertikalebene zu machen. Ist jedoch der Flächenstrahler, wie heute oft üblich, in der horizontalen Ausdehnung größer als in der vertikalen und hat er bei der tiefsten Betriebsfrequenz in der Horizontalen und Vertikalen bereits die zulässige Minimalbreite der Hauptkeule, so wird man eine in beide Richtungen annähernd gleich große Phasenabweichung vorsehen.If the surface radiator has such an aperture shape and occupancy that it is approximately rotationally symmetrical Main lobe results, so is possibly (depends on the ratio of the actual Half-width to the permissible minimum width from) a phase deviation only to be provided in the vertical plane, because the fluctuations in the radiation and entrance angles are greater in this plane. Possible it is also sufficient for the phase deviations in the horizontal plane to be smaller than in the vertical plane do. However, if, as is often the case today, the surface heater is larger in horizontal extension than in the vertical and it already has the at the lowest operating frequency in the horizontal and vertical permissible minimum width of the main lobe, one becomes approximately the same in both directions Provide phase deviation.

Flächenstrahler zur AusstrahlungSurface spotlights for radiation

und zum Empfang elektromagnetischerand to receive electromagnetic

Wellen mehrerer weit auseinanderliegenderWaves of several far apart

FrequenzbänderFrequency bands

Zusatz zum Patent 1100 098Addition to patent 1100 098

Anmelder:Applicant:

TelefunkenTelefunken

Patentverwertungsgesellschaft m. b. H.,
Ulm/Donau, Elisabethenstr. 3
Patentverwertungsgesellschaft mb H.,
Ulm / Danube, Elisabethenstr. 3

Dr.-Ing. Gerhard Koch, Darmstadt,
ist als Erfinder genannt worden
Dr.-Ing. Gerhard Koch, Darmstadt,
has been named as the inventor

Die Erfindung geht nun davon aus, daß bei der Strahlungscharakteristik bezüglich des Betrages der abgestrahlten Feldstärke gleichgültig ist, ob die Belegung der Apertur die Phasenfunkion ρ (xy) oder ~P(xy) aufweist, wenn die Apertur in bezug auf zwei zueinander senkrecht stehende Achsen (z. B. x-, >'-Achsen) symmetrisch ist. Es ist lediglich der absolute Betrag der Phase maßgebend, die ein Aperturpunkt in bezug auf die Aperturmitte hat. Erfindungsgemäß werden nun neue Möglichkeiten der Ausbildung des Flächenstrahlers nach dem Hauptpatent 1100 098 dadurch geliefert, daß als Oberflächenform des Flächenstrahlers eine Komplementäre zu einer der im Hauptpatent enthaltenen Formen verwendet ist. Es wird als die Erkenntnis ausgenutzt, daß dieselbe Strahlungscharakteristik mit jeweils zwei komplementären Phasenfunktionen erzielbar ist. Besteht eine geringe Abweichung von der Symmetrie — wie es z. B. bei der Hornparabolantenne bezüglich der Horizontalachse der Fall sein kann —, so kann man zwar nicht genau die komplementäre Oberflächenform verwenden, um dieselbe Hauptkeule der Strahlungscharakteristik zu erzeugen, der Unterschied ist jedoch The invention is based on the assumption that in terms of the radiation characteristic with regard to the amount of the radiated field strength, it does not matter whether the occupancy of the aperture has the phase function ρ (xy) or ~ P (xy) if the aperture has two mutually perpendicular axes (e.g. x, >'axes) is symmetrical. Only the absolute amount of the phase that an aperture point has with respect to the center of the aperture is decisive. According to the invention, new possibilities for the design of the surface radiator according to the main patent 1100 098 are now provided in that a complementary to one of the forms contained in the main patent is used as the surface shape of the surface radiator. It is used as the knowledge that the same radiation pattern can be achieved with two complementary phase functions. If there is a slight deviation from the symmetry - as it is e.g. B. can be the case with the horn parabolic antenna with respect to the horizontal axis - one can not use exactly the complementary surface shape to generate the same main lobe of the radiation pattern, but the difference is

109 710/36Φ109 710 / 36Φ

wegen der geringen Abweichung von der Symmetrie nur unbedeutend.only insignificant because of the slight deviation from symmetry.

Der Gegenstand der Erfindung ist im folgenden an Hand der in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Wenn beispielsweise der Reflektor nach dem Hauptpatent 1100 098 die in der Fig. 1 gezeigte Form aufweist, dann kann im Sinne der Erfindung auch die komplementäre Form nach Fig. 2 zur Anwendung kommen.The subject matter of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures. For example, if the Reflector according to the main patent 1100 098 has the shape shown in Fig. 1, then can in the sense According to the invention, the complementary shape according to FIG. 2 can also be used.

In entsprechender Weise kann eine im Sinne des Hauptpatents 1100098 geformte dielektrische Schicht nach Fig. 3 erfindungsgemäß durch die Schicht nach Fig. 4 ausgetauscht werden, da beide dieselbe Strahlungscharakteristik haben.In a corresponding manner, a dielectric layer formed in the sense of the main patent 1100098 3 according to the invention can be replaced by the layer according to FIG. 4, since both have the same radiation characteristic to have.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH:PATENT CLAIM: Flächenstrahler zur Ausstrahlung und zum Empfang elektromagnetischer Wellen mehrerer weit auseinanderliegender Frequenzbänder, bei dem die bei den höheren Frequenzen auftretende Verschmälerung der Hauptkeule wenigstens teilweise dadurch ausgeglichen wird, daß die Phase der Aperturbelegung des Flächenstrahlers eine entsprechende Frequenzabhängigkeit aufweist, nach Hauptpatent 1100 098, dadurch gekenn zeichnet, daß die Oberfiächenform des Flächenstrahlers eine Komplementäre zu einer der in dem Hauptpatent enthaltenen Formen ist.Surface emitter for the emission and reception of electromagnetic waves of several widely spaced frequency bands, in which the narrowing of the main lobe occurring at the higher frequencies is at least partially compensated by the fact that the phase of the aperture occupancy of the surface emitter has a corresponding frequency dependency, according to main patent 1100 098, characterized by this that the Oberfiächenform of the surface radiator is complementary to one of the forms contained in the main patent. Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen For this purpose, 1 sheet of drawings © 109 710/364 10.© 109 710/364 10.
DED26015A 1957-03-22 1957-07-18 Surface radiator for the emission and reception of electromagnetic waves from several widely spaced frequency bands Pending DE1115789B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED26015A DE1115789B (en) 1957-03-22 1957-07-18 Surface radiator for the emission and reception of electromagnetic waves from several widely spaced frequency bands

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED25217A DE1100098B (en) 1957-03-22 1957-03-22 Surface radiator for the emission and reception of electromagnetic waves from several widely spaced frequency bands
DED26015A DE1115789B (en) 1957-03-22 1957-07-18 Surface radiator for the emission and reception of electromagnetic waves from several widely spaced frequency bands

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1115789B true DE1115789B (en) 1961-10-26

Family

ID=25970794

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DED26015A Pending DE1115789B (en) 1957-03-22 1957-07-18 Surface radiator for the emission and reception of electromagnetic waves from several widely spaced frequency bands

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1115789B (en)

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