DE2540763C3 - Control antenna for the interrogation channel of a secondary radar - Google Patents
Control antenna for the interrogation channel of a secondary radarInfo
- Publication number
- DE2540763C3 DE2540763C3 DE19752540763 DE2540763A DE2540763C3 DE 2540763 C3 DE2540763 C3 DE 2540763C3 DE 19752540763 DE19752540763 DE 19752540763 DE 2540763 A DE2540763 A DE 2540763A DE 2540763 C3 DE2540763 C3 DE 2540763C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- dipole
- control antenna
- secondary radar
- antenna
- reflector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/76—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted
- G01S13/762—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted with special measures concerning the radiation pattern, e.g. S.L.S.
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
- G01S13/872—Combinations of primary radar and secondary radar
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kontrollantenne für den Abfragekanal eines Sekundär-Radars gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a control antenna for the interrogation channel of a secondary radar according to the Preamble of claim 1.
Eine derartige Kontrollantenne dient bekanntlich dazu, unerwünschte, nämlich statt durch die Hauptkeule durch Nebenkeulen der Sekundär-Radarantenne ausgelöste Antworten zu erkennen und bei der weiteren Signalauswertung zu unterdrücken. Dies ist beispielsweise durch eine Kontrollantenne möglich, die ein Kardioidendiagramm erzeugt, dessen (annähernde) Nullstelle in Richtung der Hauptkeule der Antenne für den Sekundär- und Primär-Radarbetrieb liegt, dessen Gewinn in allen übrigen Richtungen aber größer als der Gewinn in Richtung der Nebenzipfel der Antenne für den Sekundär-Radar-Betrieb ist. Bei der Kontrollantenne der einleitend angegebenen, aus der FR-PS 15 24 716 bekannten Art wird dieses Kardioidendiagramm durch den gespeisten Dipol in Verbindung mit einer über einen Phasenschieber und ein Dämpfungsglied gespeisten Richtantenne als weiterem Strahler erzeugt. Diese Lösung erscheint verhältnismäßig aufwendig.Such a control antenna is known to serve to undesired, namely instead of through the main lobe to recognize responses triggered by sidelobes of the secondary radar antenna and in the further To suppress signal evaluation. This is possible, for example, through a control antenna that has a Cardioid diagram generated whose (approximate) zero point in the direction of the main lobe of the antenna for the secondary and primary radar operation, but its gain in all other directions is greater than that Gain in the direction of the side lobe of the antenna for secondary radar operation is. At the control antenna of the type mentioned in the introduction, known from FR-PS 15 24 716, this cardioid diagram is through the fed dipole in connection with one fed via a phase shifter and an attenuator Directional antenna generated as a further radiator. This solution appears to be relatively complex.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer gattungsgemäßen Kontrollantene mit Kardioidendiagramm die Verwendung einer zusätzlichen Richtantenne zu vermeiden.The invention is therefore based on the object of a generic control antenna with a cardioid diagram avoid using an additional directional antenna.
Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der weitere Strahler ein Reflektorstab ist, der im Abstand von etwa λ/4 in der Hauptstrahlrichtung des Reflektors vor dem Dipol gemeinsam mit diesem auf einer Grundplatte angeordnet ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the further radiator is a reflector rod which is in the Distance of about λ / 4 in the main beam direction of the reflector in front of the dipole together with this a base plate is arranged.
Zwar ist es aus »Henry Jasik, Antenna Engineering Handbook« (McGraw-Hill Book-Company, 1961), Seiten 5-5 bis 5-7 grundsätzlich bekannt, daß mittels zweier gespeister Dipole in Abhängigkeit von deren Abstand sowie der Amplituden- und Phasenbeziehung der Speisesignale sowie mittels eines gespeisten Dipols in Verbindung mit Reflektorstäben in Abhängigkeit von deren Anzahl und Abstand die unterschiedlichsten Antennendiagramme erzeugt werden können. Hierdurch wird jedoch der vorliegende Vorschlag nicht nahegelegt denn für das engere Fachgebiet derIt is from "Henry Jasik, Antenna Engineering Handbook" (McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1961), pages 5-5 to 5-7 basically known that by means of two fed dipoles depending on their distance as well as the amplitude and phase relationship of the feed signals and by means of a fed dipole in Connection with reflector rods, depending on their number and spacing, the most varied Antenna diagrams can be generated. However, this does not change the present proposal suggested than for the narrower subject area of
Kontroiiantennen lehrt die FR-PS 15 24 716 die Verwendung einer Richtantenne als weiteren Strahler.FR-PS 15 24 716 teaches control antennas to use a directional antenna as an additional radiator.
Der Patentanspruch 2 betrifft eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Kontrollantenne.Claim 2 relates to a preferred embodiment of the control antenna.
In der Zeichnung ist die Kontrollantenne nach derIn the drawing the control antenna is after the
ίο Erfindung anhand eines beispielsweise gewählten Ausführungsform und des erzielten Diagramms schematisch vereinfacht wiedergegeben. Es zeigtίο invention based on an example chosen Embodiment and the diagram obtained shown schematically simplified. It shows
F i g. 1 die schematische Darstellung der gemeinsamen Antenne eines Primär/Sekundär-Radars mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Kontrollantenne,F i g. 1 the schematic representation of the common antenna of a primary / secondary radar with a control antenna according to the invention,
F i g. 2 eine teilweise im Schnitt gehaltene Darstellung der Kontrollantenne undF i g. 2 shows a partially sectioned representation of the control antenna and
Fig.3 das Diagramm der Kontrollantenne nach Fig. 2.3 shows the diagram of the control antenna according to FIG. 2.
Gemäß F i g. 1 wird der einzige Reflektor 1 eines Primär/Sekundär-Radars durch einen Primärstrahler 2 ausgeleuchtet, der den Sende/Empfangs-Strahler in der Primär-Radai funktion und den Sende/Empfangs-Strahler des Abfragekanals in der Sekundär-Radarfunktion bildet. Auf dem oberen Rand des Reflektors 1 ist eine Kontrollantenne 3 für den Abfragekanal des Sekundär-Radars angeordnet. Diese Kontrollantenne besteht aus einem Dipol mit λ/4-Sperrtopf und einem Reflektorstab. Damit ergibt sich der in F i g. 2 gezeigte Aufbau der Kontrollantenne. Der Dipol 4 umfaßt einen Strahlerstab 5, dessen Länge im gewählten Beispiel gleich einem Viertel der Betriebswellenlänge ist und der außerdem von einem λ/4-Sperrtopf 6 umgeben ist. Dieser Dipol wird durch eine Koaxialleitung gespeist, die einen Impedanztransformator 7 zur Anpassung der Impedanz des Dipols an diejenige der Speiseleitung enthält. Der Dipol ist von einem Schutzradom 8 aus einem dielektrischen Werkstoff umgeben. An seinem Fuß ist ein radialer λ/4-Sperrtopf 9 zur Verminderung der Kreisströme auf der den Dipol tragenden Grundplatte 12 angeordnet.According to FIG. 1 becomes the only reflector 1 of a primary / secondary radar through a primary radiator 2 illuminated, the transmit / receive radiator in the primary radai function and the transmit / receive radiator of the interrogation channel in the secondary radar function. On the top of the reflector 1 is a Control antenna 3 arranged for the interrogation channel of the secondary radar. This control antenna consists of a dipole with a λ / 4 trap and a reflector rod. This results in the in FIG. 2 structure of the Control antenna. The dipole 4 comprises a radiating rod 5, the length of which in the selected example is equal to one A quarter of the operating wavelength and which is also surrounded by a λ / 4 blocking cup 6. This dipole is fed by a coaxial line which has an impedance transformer 7 for matching the impedance of the dipole to that of the feed line. The dipole is made up of a protective radome 8 surrounded by dielectric material. At its foot is a radial λ / 4-lock pot 9 to reduce the Circulating currents are arranged on the base plate 12 carrying the dipole.
Im Abstand von etwa λ/4 von der Achse 11 des Dipols 4 ist ein Reflektorstab 10 auf der Grundplatte 12 angebracht.At a distance of about λ / 4 from the axis 11 of the dipole 4, a reflector rod 10 is attached to the base plate 12.
Fig.3 zeigt in schematischer Form das mit der Kontrollantenne nach Fig.2 erzielte Strahlungsdiagramm. In einer Vertikalebene V, definiert durch die Achse 11 des Dipols und durch eine Winkelrichtung 13 in der zu der Achse 11 normalen, horizontalen Ebene H, wobei die Winkelrichtung 13 durch die Achse 11 und durch die Achse 14 des Reflektorstabes verläuft, ist der Gewinn des Strahlungsdiagramms in dieser Richtung 13 kleiner als derjenige in jeder anderen Winkelrichtung im nutzbaren Volumen 15 der Antenne.FIG. 3 shows in schematic form the radiation diagram achieved with the control antenna according to FIG. In a vertical plane V, defined by the axis 11 of the dipole and by an angular direction 13 in the horizontal plane H normal to the axis 11, the angular direction 13 running through the axis 11 and through the axis 14 of the reflector rod, the gain is Radiation diagram in this direction 13 is smaller than that in any other angular direction in the usable volume 15 of the antenna.
Das Strahlungsdiagramm in der Ebene Verhält seine Form auch durch die Grundplatte 12 und die Fehlanpassung durch den den Dipol umgebenden λ/4-Sperrtopf 9. Das räumliche Strahlungsdiagramm ist ein Gebilde, dessen Ringform einen Einschnitt 17 in dem Winkelbereich aufweist, der die Richtung 13 enthält, in der die durch den Reflektor 1 in F i g. 1 festgelegte Hauptkeule des Abfragediagramms liegt.The radiation pattern in the plane ratio its shape also through the base plate 12 and the Mismatch due to the λ / 4 barrier cup surrounding the dipole 9. The spatial radiation diagram is a structure whose ring shape has an incision 17 in the Has angular range which contains the direction 13 in which the through the reflector 1 in F i g. 1 fixed The main lobe of the query graph is located.
Hierzu 3 Blatt ZeichnungenFor this purpose 3 sheets of drawings
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7431152A FR2284997A1 (en) | 1974-09-13 | 1974-09-13 | COMMON ANTENNA FOR PRIMARY RADAR AND SECONDARY RADAR WITH INTERROGATION CONTROL MEANS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2540763A1 DE2540763A1 (en) | 1976-04-01 |
| DE2540763B2 DE2540763B2 (en) | 1980-09-11 |
| DE2540763C3 true DE2540763C3 (en) | 1981-05-07 |
Family
ID=9143089
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19752540763 Expired DE2540763C3 (en) | 1974-09-13 | 1975-09-12 | Control antenna for the interrogation channel of a secondary radar |
| DE19752540786 Expired DE2540786C3 (en) | 1974-09-13 | 1975-09-12 | Antenna for a primary and a secondary radar |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19752540786 Expired DE2540786C3 (en) | 1974-09-13 | 1975-09-12 | Antenna for a primary and a secondary radar |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (2) | DE2540763C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2284997A1 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB1517544A (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2445629A1 (en) * | 1978-12-27 | 1980-07-25 | Thomson Csf | COMMON ANTENNA FOR PRIMARY RADAR AND SECONDARY RADAR |
| IT1166889B (en) * | 1979-06-14 | 1987-05-06 | Contraves Italiana Spa | ARRANGEMENT OF INTEGRATED ANTENNAS FOR RADAR EQUIPMENT THAT ALLOWS THE CONTEMPORARY GENERATION OF TWO OR MORE IRRADIATION DIAGRAMS, ONE DIFFERENT FROM THE OTHER |
| DE2925104C2 (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1984-06-20 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Segment (pillbox) radar antenna with integrated IFF antenna |
| DE2928370C2 (en) * | 1979-07-13 | 1982-04-15 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Antenna arrangement for the radiation level coverage of all secondary lobes of a sharply bundling main antenna |
| FR2469015A1 (en) * | 1979-10-26 | 1981-05-08 | Thomson Csf | RADAR ANTENNA COMPRISING ELEMENTS RADIATING A PSEUDO-OMNIDIRECTIONAL DIAGRAM |
| GB2089133A (en) * | 1980-12-03 | 1982-06-16 | Marconi Co Ltd | Secondary radar antenna |
| DE3727556A1 (en) * | 1987-08-18 | 1989-03-02 | Siemens Ag | ANTENNA ARRANGEMENT |
| CN113391138B (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2022-08-30 | 中国人民解放军63756部队 | Antenna side lobe identification and automatic main lobe conversion method based on tracking track fitting |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB952897A (en) * | 1961-03-09 | 1964-03-18 | Marconi Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to aerial systems |
| FR1316780A (en) * | 1962-02-22 | 1963-02-01 | Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co | Radar antenna improvements |
| DE1273619B (en) * | 1966-05-28 | 1968-07-25 | Telefunken Patent | Antenna system for a secondary radar system |
| FR1524716A (en) * | 1966-05-28 | 1968-05-10 | Telefunken Patent | Antenna system for a secondary radar installation |
-
1974
- 1974-09-13 FR FR7431152A patent/FR2284997A1/en active Granted
-
1975
- 1975-09-10 GB GB3731675A patent/GB1517544A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-09-10 GB GB3731775A patent/GB1506890A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-09-12 DE DE19752540763 patent/DE2540763C3/en not_active Expired
- 1975-09-12 DE DE19752540786 patent/DE2540786C3/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2284997A1 (en) | 1976-04-09 |
| GB1517544A (en) | 1978-07-12 |
| FR2284997B1 (en) | 1979-03-09 |
| DE2540786C3 (en) | 1981-07-23 |
| GB1506890A (en) | 1978-04-12 |
| DE2540763A1 (en) | 1976-04-01 |
| DE2540786A1 (en) | 1976-04-01 |
| DE2540786B2 (en) | 1980-09-11 |
| DE2540763B2 (en) | 1980-09-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| 8328 | Change in the person/name/address of the agent |
Free format text: VERTRETER ZUR ZEIT NICHT GENANNT |
|
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |