DE1038692B - Synthetic detergents and cleaning agents containing organic phosphorus compounds - Google Patents

Description

Synthetic detergents and detergents containing organic phosphorus compounds Detergents An essential part of modern detergents and cleaning agents for the household, for commercial establishments and for industrial purposes are condensed Phosphates such as pyrophosphates and polyphosphates. These washing aids carry in to a large extent to the effectiveness of synthetic detergent raw materials, z. B. of alkylbenzenesulfonates, to improve. The finished products built on this basis, mostly in solid The phosphates contain the form, but can also be paste-like or liquid in amounts that exceed the percentage of detergent substance several times over can.

It has been found that the effectiveness of synthetic detergents and cleaning agents can be improved by adding salts of organic phosphorus compounds of the general formula Xn R- (PO (OH) 2) m in which X is a carboxyl group, R represents a low or high molecular weight aliphatic hydrocarbon radical and n and m are at least equal to 1.

Compounds of the present type are, for example, the salts of Carboxyethyl-phosphonic acid and dicarboxyethyl-phosphonic acid, which z. B. by Addition of dialkyl phosphites to acrylic acid esters or maleic acid esters is accessible and their preparation in Chemical Abstracts, 47 (1953), p. 2687, 4836, 5352 and 10467, as well as 48 (1954), p.2572.

Other suitable compounds are, for example, the salts of 1,4-dicarboxy-n-butanephosphonic acid, the salts of stearic acid phosphonic acid, behenic acid diphosphonic acid, 1,8-dicarboxy-noctane-diphosphonic acid. The latter products can by reacting phosphorus trichloride with the Chlorides of the starting acids mentioned according to German Patent 910 649 getting produced. The implementation of the corresponding methyl esters is more advantageous with phosphorus trichloride. The phosphonic acid chlorides obtained are known in the art Way saponified and optionally by the unreacted starting material Extraction or another suitable method exempted.

The salts of the organic phosphorus compounds described above show an auxiliary washing effect in the presence of surfactants, the is more pronounced than that of the condensed phosphates. You can use laundry raw materials of various types, especially with anionic and non-ionic substances, combined and processed into solid, liquid and pasty finished products will. Additional additions that increase the utility value can be made here, z. B. those of alkaline salts, of bleaching agents, of optical Brighteners, of substances that have an excessively greasy effect and improve foam development, of protective colloids, dyes, fragrances, etc. usually in detergent compositions contained substances. Example 1 Soiled cotton fabric from the test factories Inc., New York, described in Detergency evaluation and testing (New York, 1954), S. 88, is washed 1/2 hour at 90 ° C in distilled water: 1. with 1 g / 1 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate with the addition of 1 g / 1 tetrasodium pyrophosphate; 2. with 1 gll sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate with the addition of 1 g / l of the sodium salt of stearic acid phosphonic acid.

Then it is rinsed once hot and once cold.

After washing three times, the percentage lightening is when used of the stearic acid phosphonic acid derivative 65%, when using 1 \ Tatriumpyrophosphat only 50%, although tetrasodium pyrophosphate is an alkaline product which promotes the washing effect Reaction, while the phosphonic acid combination reacts practically neutrally. The same can be achieved by using about 0.3 g / l of phosphonic acid salts Achieve the same percentage of lightening as with 1 g / 1 sodium pyrophosphate. Example 2 With Tallow, mineral oil and road dust soiled cotton fabric after grease and soaps, 53 (1951), p.36, is washed with the following settings 1. with a mixture, the 1 g dodecylbenzenesulfonate (sodium salt), 1 g stearic acid-phosphonic acid-sodium salt, 0.8 g sodium perborate, 0.3 g sodium metasilicate, 0.2 g water glass 100% calculated, Contains 0.1 g of carboxymethyl cellulose per liter; 2. with a mixture containing 1 g of dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 2 g sodium pyrophosphate, 1.5 g sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.5 g hexametaphosphate im Liters as well as the other additives mentioned above.

The washing process is carried out in distilled water and in hard water of 15 ° DH for 15 minutes at 95 ° C. Finally, it is rinsed once hot and cold. After washing one, two and three times, the following values are measured for the washing power: Mixture 1 Mixture 2 In distilled water To Single wash 49% whiteness 49% whiteness Washed twice, 63% whiteness, 64% whiteness 3 washings 72% whiteness 75% whiteness In water of 15 ° DH To Single wash 42% whiteness 43% whiteness Washed twice, 61% whiteness, 62% whiteness 3 washings 73 01o whiteness 75% whiteness The data available show that the combination with the organic washing aid produces at least the same washing effect in both distilled and hard water, despite the use of only a quarter of the amount of the inorganic detergent.

Example 3 Soiled cotton fabric from Testfabrics Inc., New York, according to Example 1 is washed at 90 ° C./E hour in a liquor ratio 1:20, with a mixture of 1 g / 1 dodecylbenzenesulfonate (sodium salt) with the addition of 1 g11 of the sodium salt succinic acid phosphonic acid on the one hand and with 1 gll dodecylbenzenesulfonate with the addition of 1 g / 1 tetrasodium pyrophosphate on the other hand. After washing three times, a relative whiteness of 50% is achieved in the first attempt, and only 42% in the second mixture, although tetrasodium pyrophosphate has an alkaline reaction. If the same amounts are used as are usually used for inorganic condensed phosphates, products are obtained which have a significantly better detergency. The composition of such a liquid product is e.g. B. the following: 100 / a alkylbenzenesulfonate (potassium salt), 10% potassium salt of stearic acid-phosphonic acid, 7.50 / a coconut fatty acid diethanolamide, 1% carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.01% optical brightener, the remainder water and a few inorganic salts.

In contrast to the products made with potassium tetrapyrophosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate or similar inorganic washing aids and which are used for homogenization The addition may require the addition of hydrotropic substances such as toluenesulfonate The latter can be omitted in the above case, since one can already obtain homogeneous products without it of good shelf life.

Instead of the potassium alkylbenzenesulfonates mentioned, nonionic products can also be used in cases where only a small amount of foam is desired. In this case, it is possible to replace the proportion of alkylbenzenesulfonate, for example, with the reaction product of octylphenol or of nonylphenol with 12 to 14 moles of ethylene oxide. Example 4 Soiled cotton fabric from Testfabrics Inc., New York, is washed under the same conditions as in Example 13 with the following combinations 1. With 1 g11 of the reaction product of octylphenol with 12 mol of ethylene oxide with the addition of 1 gll of the sodium salt of succinic acid-phosphonic acid; 2. with 1 gll of the reaction product of octylphenol with 12 moles of ethylene oxide with the addition of 1 g11 of tetrasodium pyrophosphate.

After washing three times, the percentage lightening is when you try 1 about 60%, in experiment 2 only about 521 / e.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIM: Synthetic detergents and cleaning agents, characterized by the addition of salts of organic phosphorus compounds of the general formula X "-R- (PO (OH) 2) m, in which X is a carboxyl group, R is a low or high molecular weight aliphatic hydrocarbon radical and 1t and m are at least 1. References under consideration: U.S. Patent No. 2,765,279.