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DE1032735B - Process for converting liquid hydrocarbons into acetylene and / or olefins - Google Patents

Process for converting liquid hydrocarbons into acetylene and / or olefins

Info

Publication number
DE1032735B
DE1032735B DEB43085A DEB0043085A DE1032735B DE 1032735 B DE1032735 B DE 1032735B DE B43085 A DEB43085 A DE B43085A DE B0043085 A DEB0043085 A DE B0043085A DE 1032735 B DE1032735 B DE 1032735B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
oxygen
valve
acetylene
hydrocarbons
flame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEB43085A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Rolf Platz
Dr Hugo Kroeper
Dr Dieter Dorsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to DEB43085A priority Critical patent/DE1032735B/en
Priority to US708313A priority patent/US2985695A/en
Publication of DE1032735B publication Critical patent/DE1032735B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C4/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms
    • C07C4/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
    • C07C4/025—Oxidative cracking, autothermal cracking or cracking by partial combustion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C4/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms
    • C07C4/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
    • C07C4/04—Thermal processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G9/34—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts
    • C10G9/36—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
    • C10G9/38—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked or by combustion of another hydrocarbon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S585/00—Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
    • Y10S585/8995—Catalyst and recycle considerations
    • Y10S585/903—Catalyst and recycle considerations with hydrocarbon recycle to control synthesis reaction, e.g. by cooling, quenching
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S585/00—Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
    • Y10S585/949—Miscellaneous considerations
    • Y10S585/95—Prevention or removal of corrosion or solid deposits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S585/00—Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
    • Y10S585/949—Miscellaneous considerations
    • Y10S585/953—Pulsed, sonic, or plasma process

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Uberführung flüssiger Kohlenwasserstoffe in Acetylen und/oder Olefine Es ist bekannt, flüssige Kohlenwasserstoffe in einer unter der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche brennenden Flamme zu spalten. Eine solche Tauchflamme kann in der Weise erzeugt werden, daß man ein brennbares Gas oder einen vergasten Brennstoff zusammen mit Sauerstoff oder sauerstoffenthaltenden Gasen unter der Oberfläche der zu spaltenden Kohlenwasserstoffe verbrennt. Dabei entsteht eine Reihe gasförmiger Kohlenwasserstoffe, z. B. Methan, Äthan, Propan, Äthylen. Process for converting liquid hydrocarbons into acetylene and / or olefins It is known to use liquid hydrocarbons in one of the Split liquid surface burning flame. Such a submerged flame can can be produced in such a way that a combustible gas or a gasified fuel is used together with oxygen or oxygen-containing gases beneath the surface of the to be split burns hydrocarbons. This produces a number of gaseous ones Hydrocarbons, e.g. B. methane, ethane, propane, ethylene.

Propylen und Acetylen. Diese Spaltprodukte sammeln sich in dem Raum oberhalb der Oberfläche der zu spaltenden Kohlenwasserstoffe an. Bei kurzzeitigen Druckschwankungen der Sauerstoffzufuhr kann die Flamme erlöschen, und der Sauerstoff gelangt dann ohne erneute Zündung in den über der Flüssigkeit liegenden Gasraum und bildet dort mit den vorhandenen Spaltgasen explosive Gemische.Propylene and acetylene. These fission products collect in the space above the surface of the hydrocarbons to be split. For short-term Fluctuations in pressure of the oxygen supply can extinguish the flame and so does the oxygen then passes into the gas space above the liquid without re-ignition and there forms explosive mixtures with the existing fission gases.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß die Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen zu Acetylen und/oder Olefinen in Flammen die unterhalb der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche der Kohlenwasserstoffe brennen, vollkommen betriebssicher in kontinuierlicher Weise erfolgt, wenn man die Sauerstoffzufuhr zum Reaktionsgefäß durch ein Ventil regelt, das mit der umgekehrten Funktion eines Inertgasventils gekoppelt ist. It has now been found that the splitting of hydrocarbons is too Acetylene and / or olefins in flames which are below the liquid surface of the Hydrocarbons burn, completely safe to operate in a continuous manner occurs when the oxygen supply to the reaction vessel is regulated through a valve, which is coupled with the reverse function of an inert gas valve.

Die Sauerstoffzuführung läßt sich dabei, zweckmäßig automatisch in Abhängigkeit von der Flamme und von der Gaszusammensetzung in dem Raum über den zu spaltenden Kohlenwasserstoffen, so regeln, daß eine größere Ansammlung von Sauerstoff im Gasraum über den flüssigen Kohlenwasserstoffen, in dem sich die Spaltgase befinden, vermieden wird, indem bei Erlöschen der Flamme das Sauerstoffventil geschlossen und ein Inertgasventil geöffnet wird. Die Bildung explosiver Gemische wird dadurch vermieden. Ein Erlöschen der Flamme wirkt z. B. photoelektrisch auf Sauerstoff- und Inertgasventil. Die gleiche Wirkung kann automatisch erzielt werden, wenn der Sauerstoffgehalt in dem über der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche liegenden Gasraum eine bestimmte Grenze übersteigt. The oxygen supply can be, expediently, automatically in Depending on the flame and the gas composition in the room above the to be split hydrocarbons, so regulate that a greater accumulation of oxygen in the gas space above the liquid hydrocarbons in which the fission gases are located, is avoided by closing the oxygen valve when the flame goes out and an inert gas valve is opened. The formation of explosive mixtures is thereby avoided. An extinction of the flame acts z. B. photoelectrically on oxygen and inert gas valve. The same effect can be achieved automatically when the Oxygen content in the gas space above the liquid surface is a certain Limit.

Eine Arbeitsweise, bei der die Regelung der Sauerstoffzufiihrung durch beide Maßnahmen vorgenommen wird, soll im folgenden beschrieben werden: Durch eine Photozelle wird das Licht der Flamme kontrolliert und durch den dabei entstehenden Photostrom wechselnder Stärke das Sauerstoffventil magnetisch oder nach geeigneter Umformung pneumatisch oder hydraulisch betätigt. Bei Verlöschen der Flamme wird der Photostrom unterbrochen, wodurch das Sauerstoffventil sofort geschlossen und gleichzeitig ein Gasventil zum Einlassen von Inertgasen, z. A mode of operation in which the regulation of the oxygen supply is carried out by both measures is to be described in the following: By a photocell controls the light from the flame and the resulting light Photocurrent of varying strength the oxygen valve magnetically or according to a suitable one Forming operated pneumatically or hydraulically. When the flame is extinguished the photocurrent is interrupted, causing the oxygen valve to close immediately and at the same time a gas valve for admitting inert gases, e.g.

Kohlendioxyd, Stickstoff oder Wasserdampf, geöffnet wird.Carbon dioxide, nitrogen or water vapor.

Nach Inbetriebnahme der Apparatur, wobei das Sauerstoffventil geöffnet und das Inertgasventil geschlossen ist, wird der Sauerstoffgehalt des Gases im Raum über den zu spaltenden Kohlenwasserstoffen dauernd analytisch bestimmt. Dies kann mit Hilfe eines selektiv auf Sauerstoff ansprechenden Gerätes, z. B. durch Messung des Paramagnetismus des Sauerstoffes, geschehen. Übersteigt der Sauerstoffgehalt 2,5 Volumprozent, so bleibt das Inertgasventil so lange geöffnet, bis der Sauerstoff wieder unter diesen Höchstwert abgesunken ist. Durch geeignete Verstärkung des Meßeffektes und Übertragung auf Schaltorgane wird die Offnung oder Schließung der Ventile bewirkt. After putting the apparatus into operation, whereby the Oxygen valve open and the inert gas valve is closed, the oxygen content of the gas in the room continuously analytically determined over the hydrocarbons to be split. This can with the aid of a device that responds selectively to oxygen, e.g. B. by measurement of the paramagnetism of oxygen. Exceeds the oxygen content 2.5 percent by volume, the inert gas valve remains open until the oxygen has fallen below this maximum again. By appropriately strengthening the measuring effect and transmission to switching elements causes the valves to open or close.

Nach erfolgter Zündung übernimmt die Photozelle sofort die Kontrolle, während die Schaltung über die automatische Sauerstoffbestimmung mit einer geringen Verzögerung funktioniert. Durch ihre voneinander unabhängige Funktion gewährleisteten beide Geräte eine hohe Betriebssicherheit. Beide Ventile sind so angeordnet, daß bei Ausfallen der Steuerkräfte immer das Inertgasventil geöffnet und das Sauerstoffventil geschlossen ist. Bei geöffnetem Inertgasventil wird das Gasgemisch ins Freie geleitet. After ignition, the photocell takes over the control immediately, while the circuit on the automatic oxygen determination with a low Delay works. Guaranteed by their independent function both devices have a high level of operational reliability. Both valves are arranged so that If the control forces fail, the inert gas valve and the oxygen valve are always open closed is. When the inert gas valve is open, the gas mixture is released into the open.

Ein Schaltschema für eine Kontrollanlage, bei der die Betätigung der Ventile durch beide Maßnahmen, d. h. sowohl photoelektrische Überwachung der Flamme als auch Sauerstoffbestimmung im Gasraum, überwacht wird, ist der Zeichnung zu entnehmen. A circuit diagram for a control system in which the actuation the valves by both measures, d. H. both photoelectric monitoring of the Flame as well as oxygen determination in the gas space, is monitored, is the drawing refer to.

Grundsätzlich ist es jedoch auch möglich, die Überwachung der Anlage lediglich durch eine der beiden Maßnahmen vorzunehmen.In principle, however, it is also possible to monitor the system to be carried out only by one of the two measures.

Bei Inbetriebnahme der Crackanlage wird diese so lange mit Stickstoff gespült, bis das Sauerstoffmeßgerät weniger als 2,5 Volumprozent Sauerstoff im Gas anzeigt, wodurch das Ruherelais 6 den Kontakt für die Stromleitung des Elektromagneten 2 schließt. When the cracking plant is put into operation, it is filled with nitrogen for so long rinsed until the oxygen meter less than 2.5 percent by volume Indicates oxygen in the gas, whereby the rest relay 6 the contact for the power line of the electromagnet 2 closes.

Wird jetzt der Schalter 5 geschlossen, so ist die elektrische Verbindung hergestellt, und der Elektromagnet 2 betätigt das Dreiwegeventil 1 in der Weise, daß das O2-Ventil 3 geöffnet und das N2-Ventil 4 geschlossen wird. Bei erfolgter Zündung der Flamme fällt das bei der Flammenreaktion entstehende Licht auf die Photozelle 9. Über einen elektronischen Verstärker wird das elektrische Arbeitsrelais 7 betätigt und der Stromkreis parallel zum Schalter 5 geschlossen. Wird nun der Schalter 5 geöffnet, so überwacht diese Einrichtung fortlaufend die Flamme und den O2-Gehalt im Spaltgas in der Weise, daß beim Verlöschen der Flamme kein Lichtimpuls mehr auf die Photozelle 9 fällt, wodurch das Arbeitsrelais 7 stromlos wird und den Stromkreis zum Antrieb des Magnetventils 2 unterbricht. Genau der gleiche Vorgang wird auch ausgelöst, wenn das Sauerstoffmeßgerät 8 einen über den Sollwert steigenden Sauerstoffgehalt im Abgas ermittelt. Dabei unterbricht das Ruhestromrelais 6 den Erregerkreis für den Elektromagneten 2.If the switch 5 is now closed, the electrical connection is established produced, and the solenoid 2 actuates the three-way valve 1 in such a way that the O2 valve 3 is opened and the N2 valve 4 is closed. When done When the flame is ignited, the light generated by the flame reaction falls on the photocell 9. The electrical working relay 7 is actuated via an electronic amplifier and the circuit in parallel with switch 5 is closed. If switch 5 open, this device continuously monitors the flame and the O2 content in the cracked gas in such a way that when the flame is extinguished there is no more light pulse the photocell 9 falls, whereby the working relay 7 is de-energized and the circuit to drive the solenoid valve 2 interrupts. Exactly the same process will also be carried out triggered when the oxygen measuring device 8 has an oxygen content that rises above the setpoint value determined in the exhaust gas. The closed-circuit relay 6 interrupts the excitation circuit for the electromagnet 2.

In beiden Fällen wird mit Hilfe einer Rückstellfeder 10 automatisch das Sauerstoffventil 3 geschlossen und das Stickstoffventil 2 zur Spülung des Ofens von explosiblen Gemischen geöffnet.In both cases, a return spring 10 is used automatically the oxygen valve 3 closed and the nitrogen valve 2 to flush the furnace opened by explosive mixtures.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRUCHE: 1. Verfahren zur Überführung flüssiger Kohlenwasserstoffe in Acetylen und/oder Olefine in Flammen, die unterhalb der Flüssigkeitsoberfläche der Kohlenwasserstoffe brennen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Sauerstoffzufuhr zum Reaktionsgefäß durch ein Sauerstoffventil regelt, das mit der umgekehrten Funktion eines Inertgasventils gekoppelt ist. PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Process for transferring liquid hydrocarbons in acetylene and / or olefins in flames below the liquid surface of the hydrocarbons burn, characterized in that the oxygen supply to the reaction vessel through an oxygen valve that has the opposite function an inert gas valve is coupled. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ventile automatisch in Abhängigkeit von der Flamme photoelektrisch betätigt werden. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the valves automatically activated photoelectrically depending on the flame. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ventile automatisch in Abhängigkeit von dem Sauerstoffgehalt des Gases in dem Raum über der Oberfläche der flüssigen Kohlenwasserstoffe betätigt werden. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the Valves automatically depending on the oxygen content of the gas in the room actuated above the surface of the liquid hydrocarbons.
DEB43085A 1957-01-11 1957-01-11 Process for converting liquid hydrocarbons into acetylene and / or olefins Pending DE1032735B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB43085A DE1032735B (en) 1957-01-11 1957-01-11 Process for converting liquid hydrocarbons into acetylene and / or olefins
US708313A US2985695A (en) 1957-01-11 1958-01-10 Cracking of hydrocarbons

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB43085A DE1032735B (en) 1957-01-11 1957-01-11 Process for converting liquid hydrocarbons into acetylene and / or olefins

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1032735B true DE1032735B (en) 1958-06-26

Family

ID=6966933

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEB43085A Pending DE1032735B (en) 1957-01-11 1957-01-11 Process for converting liquid hydrocarbons into acetylene and / or olefins

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2985695A (en)
DE (1) DE1032735B (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1144260B (en) * 1960-12-10 1963-02-28 Basf Ag Process for the production of acetylene by thermal cracking of liquid hydrocarbons
US3271472A (en) * 1961-09-22 1966-09-06 Phillips Petroleum Co Method of controlling a thermal conversion process
NL125129C (en) * 1963-12-07
DE1212512B (en) * 1964-04-10 1966-03-17 Knapsack Ag Process for the preparation of butyne-2
DE2313037C3 (en) * 1973-03-16 1986-06-19 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Process for the production of vinyl chloride by the thermal cleavage of 1,2-dichloroethane
WO2020086681A2 (en) 2018-10-23 2020-04-30 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Method and reactor for conversion of hydrocarbons

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1716433A (en) * 1925-03-17 1929-06-11 Ellis Foster Co Submerged combustion process
US1896552A (en) * 1930-03-10 1933-02-07 Shell Dev Production of acetylene
US2652743A (en) * 1950-01-20 1953-09-22 William J Morrow Optical apparatus for measuring temperature
US2664450A (en) * 1950-05-18 1953-12-29 Basf Ag Process for the production of acetylene by incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons
US2773349A (en) * 1953-04-28 1956-12-11 Shell Dev Infra-red fuel flow controller
US2862984A (en) * 1954-09-22 1958-12-02 Basf Ag Process of interacting hydrocarbons with oxygen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US2985695A (en) 1961-05-23

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