DE1031651B - Four-wheel drive tractor - Google Patents
Four-wheel drive tractorInfo
- Publication number
- DE1031651B DE1031651B DEM27258A DEM0027258A DE1031651B DE 1031651 B DE1031651 B DE 1031651B DE M27258 A DEM27258 A DE M27258A DE M0027258 A DEM0027258 A DE M0027258A DE 1031651 B DE1031651 B DE 1031651B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- tractor
- drive
- shafts
- wheel
- fuselage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/342—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a longitudinal, endless element, e.g. belt or chain, for transmitting drive to wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/358—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles all driven wheels being steerable
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
Description
Schlepper mit Vierradantrieb Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen vorwiegend für landwirtschaftliche Kleinbetriebe bestimmten Schlepper. Für diese Betriebe mit ihren oft ungünstigen Gelände- und Bodenverhältnissen ist der Allradschlepper wegen seiner guten Geländegängigkeit und seiner großen Zugkraft bei geringem Gewicht ganz besonders geeignet. Er vermag auch unter schwierigen Bedingungen ein Pferde- oder Kuhgespann voll zu ersetzen und ermöglicht dadurch eine sinnvolle und erfolgreiche Motorisierung.Four wheel drive tractor The invention relates to a Mainly used tractors for small farms. For this Farms with their often unfavorable terrain and soil conditions is the all-wheel tractor because of its good off-road mobility and its great tractive power with low weight especially suitable. Even under difficult conditions, he is capable of a horse or to completely replace the cow team and thus enables a meaningful and successful Motorization.
Bisher konnten sich die Allradschlepper trotz der genannten Vorzüge gegen die Normalschlepper mit Hinterachsantrieb nicht recht durchsetzen. Bei der herkömmlichen Bauweise mit Verteilergetriebe und zwei Differentialen ist dies wohl ausschließlich auf den wesentlich höheren Preis zurückzuführen, welcher durch den großen Bauaufwand bedingt ist. Wesentlich einfacher und billiger ist die in verschiedenen Ausführungen vorgeschlagene Bauart mit nur einem Differential in Schleppermitte, dessen Wellen je das Vorder- und Hinterrad einer Seite antreiben. Hierbei ermöglicht die durch den Ketten- oder Zahnradantrieb gegebene Übersetzung ein kleines und billiges Differential.So far, the all-wheel-drive tractors have been able to operate despite the advantages mentioned not really prevail against the normal tractors with rear-axle drive. In the conventional design with transfer case and two differentials, this is probably exclusively due to the significantly higher price, which is due to the large construction costs is required. It is much simpler and cheaper in various ways Design proposed design with only one differential in the center of the tractor, whose shafts each drive the front and rear wheels on one side. This enables the translation given by the chain or gear drive is a small and cheap one Differential.
Eine dieser Ausführungen sieht auf jeder Seite einen Kastenträger zur Lagerung der Räder und zur Aufnahme der Antriebsketten vor, während bei einer anderen Ausführung das Differential und die Antriebsmittel für die Radwellen in dem als Schlepperrumpf ausgebildeten Getriebegehäuse untergebracht sind.One of these designs sees a box girder on each side for storing the wheels and for receiving the drive chains before, while at a other execution the differential and the drive means for the wheel shafts in the gear housing designed as a tractor hull are accommodated.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung stellt eine Weiterentwicklung und Verbesserung der obengenannten Schlepperbauart dar. Außer dem Differential und dem Kettenantrieb für die Radwellen sind hierbei auch das Schaltgetriebe und der wesentliche Teil eines Lenkantriebs - und damit alle einer Ölschmierung bedürfenden Getriebeteile - im Rumpf und in einem Ölbad untergebracht. Da keine besonderen Gehäuse mit ihren Befestigungs- und Abdichtungsteilen für die einzelnen Getriebeorgane notwendig sind, ergibt sich eine beträchtliche Herabsetzung der Herstellungskosten, und außerdem wird die Wartung und Pflege wesentlich vereinfacht. Hinzu kommt, daß die geschützte Verlegung der empfindlichen Lenkungsteile in das Getriebegehäuse bzw. in die Achskörper eine Erhöhung der Sicherheit mit sich bringt, da sie nicht mehr der Beschädigung und Verschmutzung ausgesetzt sind, wie die freiliegenden Gestänge und Hebel der herkömmlichen Bauweise. Dies ist von besonderer Bedeutung, wenn man berücksichtigt, daß die Entwicklung des Schleppers immer mehr zum Geräteträger mit allseitig angeordneten Geräten hinausläuft, weil der An- und Abbau der Geräte immer die Gefahr von Beschädigungen und damit der Beeinträchtigung der Lenksicherheit mit sich bringt. Auch bezüglich der Anschlußmöglichkeiten und Platzverhältnisse für Geräte und Anbauten bringt die neue Anordnung Vorteile und Erleichterungen.The arrangement according to the invention represents a further development and improvement of the tractor type mentioned above. Except for the differential and the chain drive for the wheel shafts are also the gearbox and the essential part a steering drive - and thus all gear parts that require oil lubrication - housed in the fuselage and in an oil bath. Since no special housing with their Fastening and sealing parts are necessary for the individual gear units, there is a considerable reduction in manufacturing cost, and also the maintenance and care is simplified considerably. In addition, the protected Relocation of the sensitive steering parts in the gearbox housing or in the axle housing An increase in security brings with it, since it no longer causes damage and are exposed to pollution, such as the exposed linkage and levers of the conventional construction. This is of particular importance when one considers that the development of the tractor more and more to the equipment carrier with all-round arranged Equipment runs out because the attachment and removal of the equipment always runs the risk of damage and thus the impairment of steering safety with it. Also regarding the connection options and space available for devices and add-ons brings the new arrangement advantages and facilities.
Um einen geschützten Einbau der Spurstangen ohne unzulässige Beeinflussung der Lenkung beim Pendeln der Achsen zu gewährleisten, sind die Achskörper derart außen am Gehäuse gelagert, daß die Systemlinien der Spurstangen und der Achslagerung sich schneiden oder zumindest sich sehr nahe kommen.A protected installation of the tie rods without undue interference To ensure the steering when the axles swing, the axle beams are like this stored on the outside of the housing that the system lines of the tie rods and the axle bearing intersect or at least get very close.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung des Getriebegehäuses kommt es sehr darauf an, die Gehäuselänge so kurz wie möglich zu halten, weil dadurch nicht nur das Gehäuse selbst und der Ölraum, sondern auch die eingebauten Antriebsmittel wie Ketten und Lenkgestänge in ihren Abmessungen verkleinert werden. Um diese Möglichkeit auszunutzen; ohne dabei einen zu kurzen Radstand zu erhalten, sind die Gelenkwellen zum Antrieb der Räder nach vorn bzw. nach hinten abgewinkelt, so daß sie mit der Schlepperlängsachse einen spitzen Winkel bilden. Hierdurch wird als weiterer Vorteil eine Zurückverlegung des an der Getriebevorderwand angeflanschten Motors gegenüber den Vorderrädern und als Folge davon eine günstige Gewichtsverteilung, kurze Baulänge und gefälligeres Aussehen erzielt.In the embodiment of the transmission housing according to the invention, it occurs very much on keeping the housing length as short as possible, because this does not only the housing itself and the oil chamber, but also the built-in drive means how chains and steering linkages are reduced in size. To this possibility to take advantage of; without keeping the wheelbase too short, the cardan shafts are angled to drive the wheels forwards or backwards so that they are with the The tractor's longitudinal axis forms an acute angle. This is another benefit a relocation of the motor flanged to the front wall of the gearbox opposite the front wheels and as a result a favorable weight distribution, short overall length and a more pleasing appearance.
Da der Schlepper auch für Reihenarbeiten am Hang verwendet werden soll, ist es zweckmäßig, die Lenkung so auszubilden, daß Vorder- und Hinterräder auch gleichsinnig eingeschlagen werden können, um ein Schrägstellen des Schleppers und damit Beschädigung der Pflanzen zu verhindern. In der Zeichnung ist als Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäße Schlepper in Draufsicht, teilweise im Schnitt, dargestellt.As the tractor can also be used for row work on slopes should, it is appropriate to train the steering so that the front and rear wheels can also be turned in the same direction to prevent the tractor from tilting and thus to prevent damage to the plants. In the drawing is as an embodiment of the tractor according to the invention in plan view, partially in section, shown.
Das Getriebegehäuse 1 trägt die vier Achskörper 2, an denen die Räder 3 schwenkbar gelagert sind. Die Achskörper sind seitlich am Gehäuse pendelnd gelagert und werden zweckmäßig unter Zwischenschaltung geeigneter Federelemente aus Gummi gegen das Gehäuse abgestützt. Der Antrieb erfolgt vom Motor 4 über die Kupplung 5 und die Antriebswelle 6 zum Schaltgetriebe 7, welches zwischen Differential und Hinterachse angeordnet ist. Vom Schaltgetriebe wird die Kraft über das Differential 8, die Kettenritzel 9, die Ketten 10, die Kettenräder 11 und die Gelenkwellen 12 auf die Räder 3 übertragen.The gear housing 1 carries the four axle bodies 2 on which the wheels 3 are pivotably mounted. The axle beams are pivoted on the side of the housing and are expedient with the interposition of suitable spring elements made of rubber supported against the housing. It is driven by the motor 4 via the coupling 5 and the drive shaft 6 to the gearbox 7, which between differential and Rear axle is arranged. The power is transmitted from the gearbox via the differential 8, the chain pinions 9, the chains 10, the chain wheels 11 and the cardan shafts 12 transferred to the wheels 3.
Die dargestellte Lenkung wirkt auf alle vier Räder. Sie ist im Getriebegehäuse und in den Achskörpern eingebaut, so daß von außen nur das Lenkrad und die Lenkspindel sichtbar sind. Das am unteren Ende der Lenkspindel 14 angeordnete Zahnrad kämmt mit dem Zahnsegment 15 und betätigt dadurch die Schubstange 16, welche über die Winkelhebel 17 und die Spurstangen 18 auf die Radlenkhebel 19 wirken. An der Gehäusewand sind die Spurstangen z. B. durch Faltenbälge abgedichtet, was in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellt ist. Die Bremsen 13 sind in Schleppermitte an beiden Seiten des Gehäuses angeordnet und wirken auf die Differentialwellen.The steering shown acts on all four wheels. It's in the gearbox and built into the axle bodies, so that only the steering wheel and the steering shaft from the outside are visible. The gear arranged at the lower end of the steering shaft 14 meshes with the toothed segment 15 and thereby actuates the push rod 16, which via the Angle lever 17 and the tie rods 18 act on the wheel steering levers 19. On the housing wall are the tie rods z. B. sealed by bellows, which is not in the drawing is shown in more detail. The brakes 13 are in the middle of the tractor on both sides of the Housing arranged and act on the differential shafts.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEM27258A DE1031651B (en) | 1955-05-31 | 1955-05-31 | Four-wheel drive tractor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEM27258A DE1031651B (en) | 1955-05-31 | 1955-05-31 | Four-wheel drive tractor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1031651B true DE1031651B (en) | 1958-06-04 |
Family
ID=7300061
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEM27258A Pending DE1031651B (en) | 1955-05-31 | 1955-05-31 | Four-wheel drive tractor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1031651B (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1150292B (en) * | 1960-05-06 | 1963-06-12 | Linde Eismasch Ag | Agricultural tractor with four steerable wheels |
| DE1172553B (en) * | 1961-05-29 | 1964-06-18 | Fahr Ag Maschf | Steering for vehicles, especially motor vehicles |
| DE2642904A1 (en) * | 1976-09-24 | 1978-03-30 | Linde Ag | STEERING AXLE FOR A FORK LIFT |
| FR2479747A1 (en) * | 1980-04-08 | 1981-10-09 | Inventio Ag | MOTOR AXLE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH FOUR WHEELS |
| WO2002045989A1 (en) * | 2000-12-08 | 2002-06-13 | Clark Equipment Company | Transmission on all wheel steer power machine |
| WO2002064396A1 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-22 | Mtd Products Inc | Vehicle drive system |
| EP1607527A3 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2007-04-25 | CNH Italia S.p.A. | Steering control system for a skid steer vehicle. |
| DE102006041423A1 (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2008-03-06 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg | Axial transmissions for use in drive section of motor vehicle, has re-guiding shafts arranged with respect to longitudinal axis, and running parallel to input shaft and extending from drive sided end of input shaft towards axial shafts |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT85110B (en) * | 1915-11-04 | 1921-08-10 | Schneider & Cie | Power transmission and steering device for tracked vehicles and other self-propelled vehicles. |
| CH106684A (en) * | 1922-08-26 | 1924-09-01 | Albert Holle Alexander | Motorized road vehicle. |
| DE423116C (en) * | 1925-12-19 | Arnold Seidel | Motor vehicle with a vehicle frame consisting of a hollow beam | |
| DE448406C (en) * | 1925-12-06 | 1927-08-12 | Paul G Ehrhardt | Chassis for four-wheel vehicles |
| DE488430C (en) * | 1925-06-24 | 1929-12-30 | Austro Daimler Puchwerke A G | Chassis for motor vehicles |
| DE574413C (en) * | 1930-06-13 | 1933-04-12 | Austro Daimler Puchwerke A G | Motor vehicle in which the transmission and engine are arranged separately from one another |
| DE653995C (en) * | 1934-10-30 | 1937-12-08 | Maybach Motorenbau G M B H | Arrangement of the drive shaft in the oscillating semi-axis of motor vehicles |
| AT154853B (en) * | 1937-08-24 | 1938-11-10 | Ferdinand Kreipl | Four-wheel motor vehicle with front-wheel drive and rear-wheel steering. |
| DE745617C (en) * | 1937-06-04 | 1944-03-16 | Saurer Ag Adolph | Frame, especially for motor vehicles with oscillating semi-axles and driven wheels |
| GB580422A (en) * | 1944-03-24 | 1946-09-06 | Serge Vincent Constantinovitch | Improvements in the steering of road vehicles |
| FR961585A (en) * | 1950-06-15 | |||
| DE811546C (en) * | 1949-09-06 | 1951-08-20 | Miag Fahrzeugbau G M B H | Steering device for four-wheel vehicles |
| DE899756C (en) * | 1950-11-27 | 1953-12-14 | Francois Jaques Barthelmy Berr | Tractor on four equally large drive wheels |
-
1955
- 1955-05-31 DE DEM27258A patent/DE1031651B/en active Pending
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR961585A (en) * | 1950-06-15 | |||
| DE423116C (en) * | 1925-12-19 | Arnold Seidel | Motor vehicle with a vehicle frame consisting of a hollow beam | |
| AT85110B (en) * | 1915-11-04 | 1921-08-10 | Schneider & Cie | Power transmission and steering device for tracked vehicles and other self-propelled vehicles. |
| CH106684A (en) * | 1922-08-26 | 1924-09-01 | Albert Holle Alexander | Motorized road vehicle. |
| DE488430C (en) * | 1925-06-24 | 1929-12-30 | Austro Daimler Puchwerke A G | Chassis for motor vehicles |
| DE448406C (en) * | 1925-12-06 | 1927-08-12 | Paul G Ehrhardt | Chassis for four-wheel vehicles |
| DE574413C (en) * | 1930-06-13 | 1933-04-12 | Austro Daimler Puchwerke A G | Motor vehicle in which the transmission and engine are arranged separately from one another |
| DE653995C (en) * | 1934-10-30 | 1937-12-08 | Maybach Motorenbau G M B H | Arrangement of the drive shaft in the oscillating semi-axis of motor vehicles |
| DE745617C (en) * | 1937-06-04 | 1944-03-16 | Saurer Ag Adolph | Frame, especially for motor vehicles with oscillating semi-axles and driven wheels |
| AT154853B (en) * | 1937-08-24 | 1938-11-10 | Ferdinand Kreipl | Four-wheel motor vehicle with front-wheel drive and rear-wheel steering. |
| GB580422A (en) * | 1944-03-24 | 1946-09-06 | Serge Vincent Constantinovitch | Improvements in the steering of road vehicles |
| DE811546C (en) * | 1949-09-06 | 1951-08-20 | Miag Fahrzeugbau G M B H | Steering device for four-wheel vehicles |
| DE899756C (en) * | 1950-11-27 | 1953-12-14 | Francois Jaques Barthelmy Berr | Tractor on four equally large drive wheels |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1150292B (en) * | 1960-05-06 | 1963-06-12 | Linde Eismasch Ag | Agricultural tractor with four steerable wheels |
| DE1172553B (en) * | 1961-05-29 | 1964-06-18 | Fahr Ag Maschf | Steering for vehicles, especially motor vehicles |
| DE1176008B (en) * | 1961-05-29 | 1964-08-13 | Fahr Ag Maschf | Steering for vehicles, especially motor vehicles |
| DE2642904A1 (en) * | 1976-09-24 | 1978-03-30 | Linde Ag | STEERING AXLE FOR A FORK LIFT |
| FR2479747A1 (en) * | 1980-04-08 | 1981-10-09 | Inventio Ag | MOTOR AXLE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH FOUR WHEELS |
| WO2002045989A1 (en) * | 2000-12-08 | 2002-06-13 | Clark Equipment Company | Transmission on all wheel steer power machine |
| US6513614B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2003-02-04 | Clark Equipment Company | Transmission on all wheel steer power machine |
| WO2002064396A1 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-22 | Mtd Products Inc | Vehicle drive system |
| US6488110B2 (en) | 2001-02-13 | 2002-12-03 | Mtd Products Inc. | Vehicle drive system |
| EP1607527A3 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2007-04-25 | CNH Italia S.p.A. | Steering control system for a skid steer vehicle. |
| DE102006041423A1 (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2008-03-06 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg | Axial transmissions for use in drive section of motor vehicle, has re-guiding shafts arranged with respect to longitudinal axis, and running parallel to input shaft and extending from drive sided end of input shaft towards axial shafts |
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