DE10223618A1 - Stabilization of (meth)acrylic acid (esters) and (meth)acrylamide against polymerization comprises using stabilizer mixture comprising cerium salt, a further stabilizer compound and oxygen containing gas - Google Patents
Stabilization of (meth)acrylic acid (esters) and (meth)acrylamide against polymerization comprises using stabilizer mixture comprising cerium salt, a further stabilizer compound and oxygen containing gasInfo
- Publication number
- DE10223618A1 DE10223618A1 DE2002123618 DE10223618A DE10223618A1 DE 10223618 A1 DE10223618 A1 DE 10223618A1 DE 2002123618 DE2002123618 DE 2002123618 DE 10223618 A DE10223618 A DE 10223618A DE 10223618 A1 DE10223618 A1 DE 10223618A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cerium
- iii
- tert
- meth
- acrylic acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 title description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 N-oxyls Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- ICKWICRCANNIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 ICKWICRCANNIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000005208 1,4-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- XQTIWNLDFPPCIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+) Chemical group [Ce+3] XQTIWNLDFPPCIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KHSBAWXKALEJFR-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);tricarbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O KHSBAWXKALEJFR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004053 quinones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004986 phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SNKLPZOJLXDZCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1O SNKLPZOJLXDZCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004664 Cerium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BGNXCDMCOKJUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butylhydroquinone Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=CC=C1O BGNXCDMCOKJUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ITZXULOAYIAYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(4+) Chemical compound [Ce+4] ITZXULOAYIAYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002443 hydroxylamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004250 tert-Butylhydroquinone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019281 tert-butylhydroquinone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- IBMCQJYLPXUOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-3h-pyridine Chemical compound CN1C(C)(C)CC=CC1(C)C IBMCQJYLPXUOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PFEFOYRSMXVNEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tritert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 PFEFOYRSMXVNEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OPLCSTZDXXUYDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 OPLCSTZDXXUYDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BKZXZGWHTRCFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O BKZXZGWHTRCFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MEPYMUOZRROULQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(C)=C1O MEPYMUOZRROULQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZEITZXLFOYLZHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);ethyl hexanoate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CCCCCC(=O)OCC ZEITZXLFOYLZHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMZNLKYXLARXFY-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);oxalate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZMZNLKYXLARXFY-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLHYQQUHFATESX-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C ZLHYQQUHFATESX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- AERUOEZHIAYQQL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);triacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ce+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O AERUOEZHIAYQQL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- PQBKXYUMEMUVIH-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);trisulfate;octahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PQBKXYUMEMUVIH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000333 cerium(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- AHGQVCBMBCKNFG-KJVLTGTBSA-N cerium;(z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ce].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O AHGQVCBMBCKNFG-KJVLTGTBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FSWDLYNGJBGFJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-di-2-butyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound CCC(C)NC1=CC=C(NC(C)CC)C=C1 FSWDLYNGJBGFJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004755 Cerium(III) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WPZWICPYNUWZMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+] Chemical compound [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+] WPZWICPYNUWZMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SENCHLNVLNYWPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+] Chemical compound [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+] SENCHLNVLNYWPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VCNAMBGKEDPVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J azane;cerium(4+);hydrogen sulfate;dihydrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].O.O.[Ce+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O VCNAMBGKEDPVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P ceric ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 2
- QCCDYNYSHILRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);trifluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[Ce+3] QCCDYNYSHILRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J cerium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Ce+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000421 cerium(III) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000355 cerium(IV) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MOOUSOJAOQPDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(iii) bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Ce+3] MOOUSOJAOQPDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- CQGVSILDZJUINE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ce] CQGVSILDZJUINE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KPZSTOVTJYRDIO-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichlorocerium;heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl KPZSTOVTJYRDIO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001253 acrylic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N guaiacol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1O LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSGAUKGQUCHWDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ol Chemical group CC1(C)CC(O)CC(C)(C)N1O CSGAUKGQUCHWDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BXJGUBZTZWCMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C(O)=CC=C1O BXJGUBZTZWCMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PGSWEKYNAOWQDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylcatechol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O PGSWEKYNAOWQDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- CBOQJANXLMLOSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl vanillin Chemical compound CCOC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O CBOQJANXLMLOSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JVTZFYYHCGSXJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1O JVTZFYYHCGSXJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KEQHJBNSCLWCAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymoquinone Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC(=O)C(C)=CC1=O KEQHJBNSCLWCAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CNHDIAIOKMXOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluquinol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1O CNHDIAIOKMXOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VUZNLSBZRVZGIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinol Chemical group CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1O VUZNLSBZRVZGIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-Butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 235000001785 ferulic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940114124 ferulic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004688 heptahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYQNWZOUAUKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzone Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1OCC1=CC=CC=C1 VYQNWZOUAUKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000990 monobenzone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UCMYJOPIPDLTRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethyl-2-nitrosoaniline Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1N=O UCMYJOPIPDLTRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZCCLNYLUGNUKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-nitrosophenyl)hydroxylamine Chemical compound ONC1=CC=C(N=O)C=C1 DZCCLNYLUGNUKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002791 naphthoquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-aminodiphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003021 phthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- DGQOCLATAPFASR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(=O)C(O)=C(O)C1=O DGQOCLATAPFASR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002640 tocopherol group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005490 tosylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BJIOGJUNALELMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoeugenol Natural products COC1=CC(C=CC)=CC=C1O BJIOGJUNALELMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC(O)=O)C=C1O QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000008648 triflates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001020 α-tocopherol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FGYKUFVNYVMTAM-WAZJVIJMSA-N β-tocotrienol Chemical compound OC1=CC(C)=C2O[C@@](CC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/CCC=C(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C FGYKUFVNYVMTAM-WAZJVIJMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/42—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C51/50—Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/48—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C67/62—Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung beschreibt die Verwendung von Stabilisatorgemischen enthaltend Cer-Salze, mindestens einen weiteren Stabilisator sowie ein sauerstoffhaltiges Gas zur Stabilisierung von Acrylsäure und Methacrylsäure, in dieser Schrift zusammenfassend als (Meth)acrylsäure bezeichnet, und (Meth)acrylsäureestern gegen Polymerisation. The present invention describes the use of Stabilizer mixtures containing cerium salts, at least one other Stabilizer and an oxygen-containing gas for stabilization of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, in this document collectively referred to as (meth) acrylic acid, and (meth) acrylic acid esters against polymerization.
Es ist bekannt, daß (Meth)acrylsäure und (Meth)acrylsäureester etwa durch Wärme oder Einwirkung von Licht oder Peroxiden leicht zur Polymerisation gebracht werden können. Da jedoch bei der Herstellung, Aufarbeitung und/oder Lagerung die Polymerisation aus sicherheitstechnischen und wirtschaftlichen Gründen vermindert oder verhindert werden muß, besteht ein ständiger Bedarf an neuen, wirksamen Polymerisationsinhibitoren. It is known that (meth) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylic acid esters easily by heat or exposure to light or peroxides can be brought to polymerization. However, with the Production, processing and / or storage of the polymerization safety-related and economic reasons reduced or must be prevented, there is a constant need new, effective polymerization inhibitors.
Bekannt sind eine Vielzahl von Stabilisatoren für (Meth)acrylsäure und (Meth)acrylsäureester, im folgenden (Meth)acrylsäure(ester) genannt. A large number of stabilizers are known for (Meth) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylic acid ester, hereinafter Called (meth) acrylic acid (ester).
Aus den Schriften US 4,814,493, US 4,542,231 und US 4,507,495 sind synergistische Stabilisatorgemische aus Mangan- oder Cersalzen und phenolischen Stabilisatoren zur Verwendung in ethylenisch ungesättigten organischen Verbindungen in der Herstellung von (Meth)acrylsäureestern bekannt. From the documents US 4,814,493, US 4,542,231 and US 4,507,495 are synergistic stabilizer mixtures made from manganese or Cerium salts and phenolic stabilizers for use in ethylenic unsaturated organic compounds in the manufacture of (Meth) acrylic acid esters known.
US 5,221,764 beschreibt die Stabilisierung von (Meth)acrylsäure mit einer Cer-Verbindung und einem p-Phenylendiamin oder einem Phenothiazin. No. 5,221,764 describes the stabilization of (meth) acrylic acid with a cerium compound and a p-phenylenediamine or a Phenothiazine.
EP-A2 371 748 beschreibt die Verwendung von Mangan- und Ceralkanoaten von gesättigten C5-C19-Monocarbonsäure mit phenolischen Verbindungen zur Stabilisierung von ethylenisch ungesättigten organischen Verbindungen, unter anderen auch Acrylsäure, Methacrylsäure und Alkylacrylate. EP-A2 371 748 describes the use of manganese and cerium alkanoates of saturated C 5 -C 19 monocarboxylic acids with phenolic compounds to stabilize ethylenically unsaturated organic compounds, including acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and alkyl acrylates.
In allen vorgenannten Schriften wird die zusätzliche Einspeisung eines sauerstoffhaltigen Gases nicht ofenbart. In all of the above writings, the additional feed of an oxygen-containing gas is not disclosed.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es, ein neues Verfahren zur Stabilisierung von (Meth)acrylsäure und (Meth)acrylsäureestern und deren Derivate zur Verfügung zu stellen. The object of the present invention was to develop a new method for the stabilization of (meth) acrylic acid and To provide (meth) acrylic acid esters and their derivatives.
Die Aufgabe wurde gelöst durch ein Verfahren zur Stabilisierung
von (Meth)acrylsäure, (Meth)acrylsäureestern und (Meth)acrylamid
gegen Polymerisation, in dem man als Stabilisatorgemisch
mindestens ein Gemisch, enthaltend
- a) mindestens ein Cer-Salz,
- b) mindestens eine weitere als Stabilisator wirksame Verbindung und
- c) mindestens ein sauerstoffhaltiges Gasgemisch, verwendet.
- a) at least one cerium salt,
- b) at least one further compound effective as a stabilizer and
- c) at least one oxygen-containing gas mixture used.
Erfindungsgemäß ausdrücklich ausgenommen ist die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Stabilisatorgemische in einem Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylsäure, in der diese einer fraktionierenden Kondensation oder einer Rektifikation unterworfen wird, bei dem im Kolonnenkopf oder im Bereich des Kolonnenkopfes der Rektifikations- oder Kondensationskolonne(n) Phenothiazin, mindestens eine phenolische Verbindung und Ceracetat in Gegenwart eines sauerstoffhaltigen Gases als Stabilisatorgemisch eingesetzt wird, wie es in der älteren deutschen Patentanmeldung mit dem Aktenzeichen 100 64 641.7 mit dem Anmeldedatum 22.12.2000 beschrieben ist. The use of the is expressly excluded according to the invention Stabilizer mixtures according to the invention in a process for Manufacture of acrylic acid in which this is a fractional Is subjected to condensation or rectification, in which in the column head or in the area of the column head Rectification or condensation column (s) phenothiazine, at least one phenolic compound and cerium acetate in the presence of a oxygen-containing gas is used as a stabilizer mixture, such as it in the older German patent application with the file number 100 64 641.7 with the registration date December 22, 2000.
Darin umfaßt der Begriff "Bereich des Kolonnenkopfes", den Bereich des oberen Viertels der Trennstufen, worunter hier die theoretischen Trennstufen verstanden werden, weiterhin eine Kühlvorrichtung, z. B. Quench oder Kondensator, zur Abkühlung der Leichtsieder, sowie den Kolonnenkopf selbst. The term "area of the column head" includes the Area of the upper quarter of the separation stages, including here the theoretical separation levels are understood, continue to be Cooling device, e.g. B. quench or condenser to cool the Low boilers, as well as the column head itself.
(Meth)acrylsäureester können z. B. sein
Ein- oder mehrfache Ester der (Meth)acrylsäure mit Alkoholen, die
1 bis 20 C-Atome aufweisen, z. B. (Meth)acrylsäuremethylester,
(Meth)acrylsäureethylester, (Meth)acrylsäure-n-butylester,
(Meth)acrylsäure-n-propylester, (Meth)acrylsäure-iso-propylester,
(Meth)acrylsäure-2-ethylhexylester, Trimethylolpropantriacrylat,
Butandioldiacrylat, Hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylat oder
Dimethylaminoethyl(meth)acrylat sowie (Meth)acrylsäureester von alkoxylierten,
beispielsweise ein- bis 20fach ethoxylierten und/oder
propoxylierten Polyolen, wie z. B. Trimethylolpropan, Trimethylolethan,
Neopentylglykol, Hydroxypivalinsäureneopentylglykolester,
Pentaerythrit, 2-Ethyl-1,3-Propandiol, 2-Methyl-1,3-Propandiol,
2-Ethyl-1,3-Hexandiol, Glycerin, Ditrimethylolpropan,
Dipentaerythrit, 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)propan, 1,1-, 1,2-, 1,3-
und 1,4-Cyclohexandimethanol, 1,2-, 1,3- oder 1,4-Cyclohexandiol.
(Meth) acrylic acid esters can e.g. B. be
Single or multiple esters of (meth) acrylic acid with alcohols having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, e.g. B. (meth) acrylic acid methyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid ethyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid n-butyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid n-propyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid isopropyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, Butanediol diacrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate or dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate and (meth) acrylic esters of alkoxylated, for example mono- to 20-fold ethoxylated and / or propoxylated polyols, such as. B. trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, neopentyl glycol, hydroxypivalic acid neopentyl glycol ester, pentaerythritol, 2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, glycerol, ditrimethylolpropane, dipentaerythritol, 2, 2-bis (4-hydroxycyclohexyl) propane, 1,1-, 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-cyclohexanediol.
Besonders bevorzugt sind (Meth)acrylsäuremethylester, (Meth)acrylsäureethylester, (Meth)acrylsäure-n-butylester, (Meth)acrylsäure-2-ethylhexylester und (Meth)acrylsäure. (Meth) acrylic acid methyl esters are particularly preferred, (Meth) acrylic acid ethyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid n-butyl ester, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylic acid.
Ganz besonders bevorzugt sind Acrylsäure, Acrylsäuremethylester, Acrylsäureethylester, Acrylsäure-n-butylester und Acrylsäure-2-ethylhexylester. Acrylic acid, methyl acrylate are very particularly preferred, Acrylic acid ethyl ester, acrylic acid n-butyl ester and Acrylic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester.
Insbesondere bevorzugt ist Acrylsäure. Acrylic acid is particularly preferred.
Für die Stabilisierung von (Meth)acrylsäure(estern) können solche Gemische verwendet werden, die mindestens ein Cer-Salz und mindestens eine als Stabilisator wirksame Verbindung in Gegenwart mindestens eines sauerstoffhaltigen Gases enthalten. For the stabilization of (meth) acrylic acid (esters) such Mixtures are used that contain at least one cerium salt and at least one compound effective as a stabilizer in the presence contain at least one oxygen-containing gas.
Als Cer-Salze kommen beliebige Oxidationsstufen des Cer mit beliebigen Gegenionen in Frage, bevorzugt Cer(III)- oder Cer(IV)-salze, besonders bevorzugt Cer(III)-salze. Any cerium oxidation levels can be used as cerium salts any counterions in question, preferably cerium (III) - or Cerium (IV) salts, particularly preferably cerium (III) salts.
Als Gegenionen kommen in Frage F-, Cl-, ClO-, ClO3 -, ClO4 -, Br-, J-, JO3 -, CN-, OCN-, SCN-, NO2 -, NO3 -, HCO3 -, CO3 2-, S2-, SH-, HSO3 -, SO3 2-, HSO4 -, SO4 2-, S2O2 2-, S2O4 2-, S2O5 2-, S2O6 2-, S2O7 2-, S2O8 2-, H2PO2 -, H2PO4 -, HPO4 2- PO4 3-, P2O7 4-, Dithiocarbamat, Salicylat, (OCnH2n+1)-, (CnH2n-1O2)-, (CnH2n-3O2)- sowie (Cn+1H2n-2O4)2-, wobei n für die Zahlen 1 bis 20 steht, Methansulfonat (CH3SO3 -), Trifluormethansulfonat (CF3SO3 -), Toluolsulfonat (CH3C6H4SO3 -), Benzolsulfonat (C6H5SO3 -), Hydroxid (OH-), Anionen aromatischer Säuren wie Benzoesäure, Phtalsäure, und dergleichen und 1,3-Dicarbonylverbindungen. Possible counterions are F - , Cl - , ClO - , ClO 3 - , ClO 4 - , Br - , J - , JO 3 - , CN - , OCN - , SCN - , NO 2 - , NO 3 - , HCO 3 - , CO 3 2- , S 2- , SH - , HSO 3 - , SO 3 2- , HSO 4 - , SO 4 2- , S 2 O 2 2- , S 2 O 4 2- , S 2 O 5 2- , S 2 O 6 2- , S 2 O 7 2- , S 2 O 8 2- , H 2 PO 2 - , H 2 PO 4 - , HPO 4 2- PO 4 3- , P 2 O 7 4- , dithiocarbamate, salicylate, (OC n H 2n + 1 ) - , (C n H 2n-1 O 2 ) - , (C n H 2n-3 O 2 ) - and (C n + 1 H 2n-2 O 4 ) 2- , where n stands for the numbers 1 to 20, methanesulfonate (CH 3 SO 3 - ), trifluoromethanesulfonate (CF 3 SO 3 - ), toluenesulfonate (CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 3 - ), benzenesulfonate (C 6 H 5 SO 3 - ), hydroxide (OH - ), anions of aromatic acids such as benzoic acid, phthalic acid, and the like, and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds.
Weiterhin genannt seien Carboxylate, insbesondere sind zu erwähnen Formiat, Acetat, Propionat, Hexanoat und 2-Ethylhexanoat sowie Oxalat, Acetylacetonat, Acrylat und Methacrylat, bevorzugt Formiat, Acetat, Propionat, Oxalat, Acetylacetonat, Acrylat und Methacrylat. Carboxylates may also be mentioned; mention formate, acetate, propionate, hexanoate and 2-ethylhexanoate and oxalate, acetylacetonate, acrylate and methacrylate are preferred Formate, acetate, propionate, oxalate, acetylacetonate, acrylate and Methacrylate.
Diese Salze liegen teilweise als Hydrate vor, die gleichermaßen bevorzugt sind. These salts are partially present as hydrates, which are equally are preferred.
Insbesondere bevorzugt sind Cer(III)acetat, Cer(III)acetat Hydrat, Cer(III)acetylacetonat, Cer(III)acetylacetonat Hydrat, Cer(III)bromid, Cer(III)carbonat, Cer(III)carbonat Hydrat, Cer(III)chlorid, Cer(III)chlorid Heptahydrat, Cer(III)-ethylhexanoat und deren Lösungen oder Dispersionen in Mineralöl oder Naphta (Octa Soliogen Cerium® 6 und 10 d. Fa. Borcherts, Monheim, Deutschland, CAS-Nummer [58797-01-4]), Cer(III)fluorid, Cer(III)nitrat, Cer(III)nitrat Hexahydrat, Cer(III)oxalat, Cer(III)sulfat, Cer(III)sulfat Octahydrat, Cer(III)oxid oder Cer(III)acrylat sowie unter den Cer(IV)-salzen Ammoniumhexanitratocerat(IV) (Cer(IV)ammoniumnitrat, (NH4)2[Ce(NO3)6]), Natriumhexanitratocerat(IV), Kaliumhexanitratocerat(IV), Cer(IV)ammoniumsulfat, Cer(IV)hydroxid, Cer(IV)isopropylat-Isopropanol Komplex, Cer(IV)oxid und Cer(IV)sulfat. Particularly preferred are cerium (III) acetate, cerium (III) acetate hydrate, cerium (III) acetylacetonate, cerium (III) acetylacetonate hydrate, cerium (III) bromide, cerium (III) carbonate, cerium (III) carbonate hydrate, cerium ( III) chloride, cerium (III) chloride, heptahydrate, cerium (III) ethylhexanoate and their solutions or dispersions in mineral oil or naphtha (Octa Soliogen Cerium® 6 and 10 from Borcherts, Monheim, Germany, CAS number [58797- 01-4]), cerium (III) fluoride, cerium (III) nitrate, cerium (III) nitrate hexahydrate, cerium (III) oxalate, cerium (III) sulfate, cerium (III) sulfate octahydrate, cerium (III) oxide or Cerium (III) acrylate and among the cerium (IV) salts ammonium hexanitratocerate (IV) (cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate, (NH 4 ) 2 [Ce (NO 3 ) 6 ]), sodium hexanitrate cerate (IV), potassium hexanitrate cerate (IV), Cerium (IV) ammonium sulfate, cerium (IV) hydroxide, cerium (IV) isopropylate-isopropanol complex, cerium (IV) oxide and cerium (IV) sulfate.
Die Reinheit der eingesetzten Cer-Salze ist erfindungsgemäß nicht wesentlich, in der Regel ist es ausreichend, wenn das Salz in technischer Reinheit, beispielsweise von 80% oder mehr vorliegt, bevorzugt mindestens 90%, besonders bevorzugt mindestens 95%, ganz besonders bevorzugt mindestens 98% und insbesondere mindestens 99%. Selbstverständlich können die Salze auch in höheren oder niedrigeren Reinheiten eingesetzt werden. According to the invention, the purity of the cerium salts used is not essential, usually it is sufficient if the salt in technical purity, e.g. of 80% or more, preferably at least 90%, particularly preferably at least 95%, very particularly preferably at least 98% and in particular at least 99%. Of course, the salts can also be in higher or lower purities can be used.
Die Salze können als Dispersion, z. B. Suspension, oder Lösung in einem beliebigen, geeigneten Lösungsmittel eingesetzt werden. Geeignet sind solche Lösungsmittel, in denen das betreffende Cer- Salz löslich beziehungsweise dispergierbar ist und das zu keinen unerwünschten Reaktionen mit dem (Meth)acrylsäure(ester) führt. The salts can be used as a dispersion, e.g. B. suspension, or solution in any suitable solvent can be used. Suitable solvents are those in which the cerium in question Salt is soluble or dispersible and none at all unwanted reactions with the (meth) acrylic acid (ester) leads.
Derartige Lösungsmittel sind beispielsweise Wasser, (Meth)acrylsäure(ester), Aceton, Acetylaceton, Acetoessigester, niedere Alkohole, wie z. B. Methanol, Ethanol, iso-Propanol, n-Propanol, n- Butanol, iso-Butanol, sek-Butanol, tert-Butanol, 2-Ethylhexylalkohol, Ethylenglycol, Diethylenglycol, Ethylenglycoldimethylether, Ethylenglycoldiethylether, Ethylenglycoldi-n-butylether, Diethylenglycol, Diethylenglycoldimethylether, Diethylenglycoldiethylether, Diethylenglycoldi-n-butylether, niedere Carbonsäuren, wie z. B. Ameisensäure, Essigsäure oder Propionsäure, THF, Dioxan, Schwefelsäure, Toluol, Xylol, Paraffine, Naphta, Mineralöl, Petroletherfraktionen, Biphenyle, Diphenylether, Dimethylphtalat oder ein weiterer Strom aus der Aufarbeitung und/oder Herstellung der/des (Meth)acrylsäure(esters). Examples of such solvents are water, (Meth) acrylic acid (ester), acetone, acetylacetone, acetoacetic ester, lower Alcohols such as B. methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-propanol, n- Butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol di-n-butyl ether, Diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol di-n-butyl ether, lower Carboxylic acids, such as. B. formic acid, acetic acid or propionic acid, THF, Dioxane, sulfuric acid, toluene, xylene, paraffins, naphtha, Mineral oil, petroleum ether fractions, biphenyls, diphenyl ether, Dimethyl phthalate or another stream from the workup and / or Preparation of the (meth) acrylic acid (ester).
Dabei kann es sich beispielsweise um Stoffströme aus der Herstellung und/oder Aufarbeitung der (Meth)acrylsäure(ester) handeln. Dies können beispielsweise die reinen Produkte, d. h. die (Meth)acrylsäure(ester), in einer Reinheit von in der Regel 95% oder mehr, bevorzugt 98% oder mehr und besonders bevorzugt 99% oder mehr verwendet werden, aber auch die zur Herstellung der (Meth)acrylsäure(ester) eingesetzten Edukte, in einer Reinheit von 95% oder mehr, bevorzugt 98% oder mehr und besonders bevorzugt 99% oder mehr, oder solche Stoffströme, die Edukte und/oder Produkte und/oder Zwischenprodukte und/oder Nebenprodukte enthalten. This can be, for example, material flows from the Production and / or processing of the (meth) acrylic acid (ester) act. This can be the pure products, e.g. H. the (Meth) acrylic acid (ester), usually 95% pure or more, preferably 98% or more and particularly preferably 99% or more are used, but also those for the production of the (Meth) acrylic acid (ester) starting materials used, in a purity of 95% or more, preferably 98% or more and particularly preferably 99% or more, or such material streams, the starting materials and / or Products and / or intermediates and / or by-products contain.
Bevorzugt sind Wasser, (Meth)acrylsäure(ester), Methanol, Ethanol, n-Butanol, 2-Ethylhexylalkohol, allgemein der zum zu stabilisierenden (Meth)acrylsäureester korrespondierende Alkohol und Ströme aus der Aufarbeitung und/oder Herstellung der/des (Meth)acrylsäure(esters), besonders bevorzugt sind Wasser und (Meth)acrylsäure(ester). Water, (meth) acrylic acid (ester), methanol, Ethanol, n-butanol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, generally used to stabilizing (meth) acrylic acid ester corresponding alcohol and streams from the processing and / or production of the (Meth) acrylic acid (esters), water and (Meth) acrylic acid (ester).
Die Salze oder deren Dispersion oder Lösung können auch als Schmelze eingesetzt werden. The salts or their dispersion or solution can also be used as Melt can be used.
Die Konzentration der eingesetzten Lösungen ist nur durch die Löslichkeit des Stabilisators/Stabilisatorgemisches in dem Lösungsmittel begrenzt, beispielsweise kann sie 0,1-50 Gew.-% betragen, bevorzugt 0,2-25 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,5-20 Gew.-% und ganz besonders bevorzugt 2,0 bis 20 Gew.-%. The concentration of the solutions used is only through that Solubility of the stabilizer / stabilizer mixture in the Solvent limited, for example 0.1-50 wt .-% amount, preferably 0.2-25% by weight, particularly preferably 0.5-20% by weight and most preferably 2.0 to 20% by weight.
Selbstverständlich können auch Gemische von Cer-Salzen eingesetzt werden, beispielsweise aus zwei oder drei Cer-Salzen, bevorzugt ist jedoch die Verwendung eines Cer-Salzes. Mixtures of cerium salts can of course also be used are preferred, for example from two or three cerium salts however, is the use of a cerium salt.
Als mindestens eine als Stabilisator wirksame Verbindung können solche Verbindungen eingesetzt werden, die in der Lage sind, die Polymerisation von (Meth)acrylsäure(estern) zu verzögern und/oder zu hemmen. Can be used as at least one compound effective as a stabilizer such connections are used that are able to To delay polymerization of (meth) acrylic acid (esters) and / or to inhibit.
Dies können beispielsweise Phenole, Chinone oder Hydrochinone, N- Oxyle, aromatische Amine oder Phenylendiamine, Hydroxylamine, Harnstoffderivate, phosphorhaltige Verbindungen, schwefelhaltige Verbindungen, Heterocyclen mit fünf- oder sechsgliedrigen Ringen, Sulfonamide, Oxime, Imine und/oder weitere Metallsalze sein. This can be, for example, phenols, quinones or hydroquinones, N- Oxyls, aromatic amines or phenylenediamines, hydroxylamines, Urea derivatives, phosphorus-containing compounds, sulfur-containing Compounds, heterocycles with five- or six-membered rings, Sulfonamides, oximes, imines and / or other metal salts.
Phenole können beispielsweise sein Alkylphenole, beispielsweise o-, m- oder p-Kresol (Methylphenol), 2-tert.-Butyl-4-methylphenol, 6-tert.-Butyl-2,4-dimethyl-phenol, 2,6-Di-tert.-Butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert.-Butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert.-Butylphenol, 2-Methyl-4-tert.-Butylphenol, 4-tert.- Butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol, oder 2,2'-Methylen-bis-(6-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol), 4,4'-Oxydiphenyl, 3,4-Methylendioxydiphenol (Sesamol), 3,4-Dimethylphenol, Hydrochinon, Brenzcatechin (1,2-Dihydroxybenzol), 2-(1'-Methylcyclohex-1'-yl)-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2- oder 4-(1'-Phenyl-eth-1'-yl)-phenol, 2-tert-Butyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4, 6-Tris-tert-Butylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert.-butylphenol, 2,4-Di-tert.-butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butylphenol, Nonylphenol [11066-49-2], Octylphenol [140-66-9], 2,6-Dimethylphenol, Bisphenol A, Bisphenol F, Bisphenol B, Bisphenol C, Bisphenol S, 3,3',5,5'-Tetrabromobisphenol A, 2,6-Di-tert-Butyl-p-kresol, Koresin® der BASF AG, 3,5-Di-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxybenzoesäuremethylester, 4-tert-Butylbrenzcatechin, 2-Hydroxybenzylalkohol, 2-Methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2,3,6-Trimethylphenol, 2,4,5-Trimethylphenol, 2,4,6-Trimethylphenol, 2-Isopropylphenol, 4-Isopropylphenol, 6-Isopropyl-m-Kresol, n-Octadecyl-β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionat, 1,1,3-Tris-(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butan, 1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzol, 1,3,5,-Tris-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurat, 1,3,5,-Tris-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxyethyl-isocyanurat, 1,3,5-Tris-(2,6-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-tert-butylbenzyl)-isocyanurat oder Pentaerythrit-tetrakis-[β-(3,5,-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionat], 2,6-Di-tert.-butyl-4-dimethylaminomethyl-phenol, 6-sek.-Butyl-2,4-dinitrophenol, Irganox® 565, 1141, 1192, 1222 und 1425 der Firma Ciba Speczialitätenchemie, 3-(3',5'-Di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäureoctadecylester, 3-(3',5'-Di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäurehexadecylester, 3-(3',5'-Di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäureoctylester, 3-Thia-1,5-pentandiol-bis-[(3',5'-di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionat], 4,8-Dioxa-1,11-undecandiolbis-[(3',5'-di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionat], 4,8-Dioxa-1,11-undecandiol-bis-[(3'-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)propionat], 1,9-Nonandiol- bis-[(3',5'-di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionat], 1,7-Heptandiamin-bis[3-(3',5'-di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäureamid], 1,1-Methandiamin-bis[3-(3',5'-di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäureamid], 3-(3',5'-di-tert.-Butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäurehydrazid, 3-(3',5'-di-Methyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäurehydrazid, Bis(3-tert.-Butyl-5-ethyl-2-hydroxy-phen-1-yl)methan, Bis(3,5-di-tert.-Butyl-4-hydroxy-phen-1-yl)methan, Bis[3-(1'-methylcyclohex-1'-yl)-5-methyl-2-hydroxy-phen-1-yl]methan, Bis(3-tert.-Butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methyl-phen-1-yl)methan, 1,1-Bis(5-tert.-Butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-phen-1-yl)ethan, Bis(5-tert.-Butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-phen-1-yl)sulfid, Bis(3-tert.-Butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methyl-phen-1-yl)sulfid, 1,1-Bis(3,4-Dimethyl-2-hydroxy-phen-1-yl)-2-methylpropan, 1,1-Bis(5-tert.-Butyl-3-methyl-2-hydroxy-phen-1-yl)-butan, 1,3,5-Tris[1'-(3",5"-di-tert.-Butyl-4"-hydroxyphen-1"-yl)-meth-1'-yl]-2,4,6-trimethylbenzol, 1,1,4-Tris(5'-tert.-Butyl-4'-hydroxy-2'-methyl-phen-1'-yl)butan, Aminophenole, wie z. B. para-Aminophenol, Nitrosophenole, wie z. B. para-Nitrosophenol, p-Nitroso-o-Kresol, Alkoxyphenole, beispielsweise 2-Methoxyphenol (Guajacol, Brenzcatechinmonomethylether), 2-Ethoxyphenol, 2-Isopropoxyphenol, 4-Methoxyphenol (Hydrochinonmonomethylether), Mono- oder Di-tert.-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisol, 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylalkohol, 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzylalkohol (Syringaalkohol), 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyd (Vanillin), 4-Hydroxy-3-ethoxybenzaldehyd (Ethylvanillin), 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyd (Isovanillin), 1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)ethanon (Acetovanillon), Eugenol, Dihydroeugenol, Isoeugenol, oder Tocopherole, wie z. B. α-, β-, γ-, δ- und ε-Tocopherol, Tocol oder α-Tocopherolhydrochinon, sowie 2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-hydroxybenzofuran (2,2-Dimethyl-7-hydroxycumaran), Trolox®, Gallussäure, Ferulasäure, Zimtsäure und deren Derivate. Phenols can be, for example, alkylphenols, for example o-, m- or p-cresol (methylphenol), 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 6-tert-butyl-2,4-dimethyl-phenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2-methyl-4-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert.- Butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol, or 2,2'-methylene-bis- (6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 4,4'-oxydiphenyl, 3,4-methylenedioxydiphenol (Sesamol), 3,4-dimethylphenol, hydroquinone, pyrocatechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene), 2- (1'-methylcyclohex-1'-yl) -4,6-dimethylphenol, 2- or 4- (1'-phenyl-eth-1'-yl) phenol, 2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4, 6-tris-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butylphenol, Nonylphenol [11066-49-2], octylphenol [140-66-9], 2,6-dimethylphenol, Bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol B, bisphenol C, bisphenol S, 3,3 ', 5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, Koresin® from BASF AG, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester, 4-tert-butylpyrocatechol, 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2,3,6-trimethylphenol, 2,4,5-trimethylphenol, 2,4,6-trimethylphenol, 2-isopropylphenol, 4-isopropylphenol, 6-isopropyl-m-cresol, n-octadecyl-β- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 1,1,3-tris (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene, 1,3,5, -tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5, -tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propionyloxyethyl isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris (2,6-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-tert-butylbenzyl) isocyanurate or Pentaerythritol-tetrakis- [β- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-dimethylaminomethyl-phenol, 6-sec-butyl-2,4-dinitrophenol, Irganox® 565, 1141, 1192, 1222 and 1425 from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, 3- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 3- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionsäurehexadecylester, 3- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionsäureoctylester, 3-thia-1,5-pentanediol-bis - [(3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 4,8-dioxa-1,11-undecandiolbis - [(3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 4,8-dioxa-1,11-undecanediol-bis - [(3'-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl) propionate], 1,9-nonanediol- bis - [(3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 1,7-heptanediamine-bis [3- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionamide], 1,1-menthane-bis [3- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionamide], 3- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid hydrazide, 3- (3 ', 5'-di-methyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid hydrazide, Bis (3-tert-butyl-5-ethyl-2-hydroxy-phen-1-yl) methane; Bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phen-1-yl) methane; Bis [3- (1'-methyl-cyclohex-1'-yl) -5-methyl-2-hydroxy-phen-1-yl] methane, Bis (3-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methyl-phen-1-yl) methane; 1,1-bis (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-phen-1-yl) ethane, Bis (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-phen-1-yl) sulfide, Bis (3-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methyl-phen-1-yl) sulfide, 1,1-bis (3,4-dimethyl-2-hydroxy-phen-1-yl) -2-methyl propane, 1,1-bis (5-tert-butyl-3-methyl-2-hydroxy-phen-1-yl) -butane, 1,3,5-tris [1 '- (3 ", 5" -di-tert-butyl-4' -hydroxyphen-1 "-yl) -meth-1'-yl] -2,4,6 trimethylbenzene, 1,1,4-tris (5'-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxy-2'-methyl-phen-1'-yl) butane; Aminophenols, e.g. B. para-aminophenol, nitrosophenols, such as. B. para-nitrosophenol, p-nitroso-o-cresol, alkoxyphenols, for example 2-methoxyphenol (guaiacol, pyrocatechol monomethyl ether), 2-ethoxyphenol, 2-isopropoxyphenol, 4-methoxyphenol (Hydroquinone monomethyl ether), mono- or di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (syringa alcohol), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (vanillin), 4-hydroxy-3-ethoxybenzaldehyde (ethylvanillin), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (Isovanillin), 1- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethanone (acetovanillon), Eugenol, dihydroeugenol, isoeugenol, or tocopherols, such as. B. α-, β-, γ-, δ- and ε-tocopherol, tocol or α-tocopherol hydroquinone, and 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-hydroxybenzofuran (2,2-dimethyl-7-hydroxycoumaran), Trolox®, gallic acid, Ferulic acid, cinnamic acid and their derivatives.
Chinone oder Hydrochinone können beispielsweise sein Hydrochinon oder Hydrochinonmonomethylether, 2,5-Di-tert.-Butylhydrochinon, 2-Methyl-p-hydrochinon, 2,3-Dimethylhydrochinon, Trimethylhydrochinon, 4-Methylbrenzcatechin, tert-Butylhydrochinon, 3-Methylbrenzcatechin, Benzochinon, 2-Methyl-p-hydrochinon, 2,3-Dimethylhydrochinon, Trimethylhydrochinon, 3-Methylbrenzcatechin, 4-Methylbrenzcatechin, tert-Butylhydrochinon, 4-Ethoxyphenol, 4-Butoxyphenol, Hydrochinonmonobenzylether, p-Phenoxyphenol, 2-Methylhydrochinon, 2,5-Di-tert.-Butylhydrochinon, Tetramethyl-p-benzochinon, Diethyl-1,4-cyclohexandion-2,5-dicarboxylat, Phenyl-p- benzochinon, 2,5-Dimethyl-3-benzyl-p-benzochinon, 2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-p-benzochinon (Thymochinon), 2,6-Diisopropyl-p- benzochinon, 2,5-Dimethyl-3-hydroxy-p-benzochinon, 2,5-Dihydroxy- p-benzochinon, Embelin, Tetrahydroxy-p-benzochinon, 2,5-Dimethoxy-1,4-benzochinon, 2-Amino-5-methyl-p-benzochinon, 2,5-Bisphenylamino-1,4-benzochinon, 5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthochinon, 2-Anilino-1,4,naphthochinon, Anthrachinon, N,N-Dimethylindoanilin, N,N-Diphenyl-p-benzochinondiimin, 1,4-Benzochinondioxim, Coerulignon, 3,3'-Di-tert-butyl-5,5'-dimethyldiphenochinon, p-Rosolsäure (Aurin), 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-benzyliden-benzochinon oder 2,5-Ditert.-Amylhydrochinon. Quinones or hydroquinones can be, for example, hydroquinone or hydroquinone monomethyl ether, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2-methyl-p-hydroquinone, 2,3-dimethylhydroquinone, Trimethylhydroquinone, 4-methylcatechol, tert-butylhydroquinone, 3-methyl-catechol, benzoquinone, 2-methyl-p-hydroquinone, 2,3-dimethylhydroquinone, trimethylhydroquinone, 3-methylpyrocatechol, 4-methylcatechol, tert-butylhydroquinone, 4-ethoxyphenol, 4-butoxyphenol, hydroquinone monobenzyl ether, p-phenoxyphenol, 2-methylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, Tetramethyl-p-benzoquinone, diethyl-1,4-cyclohexanedione-2,5-dicarboxylate, phenyl-p- benzoquinone, 2,5-dimethyl-3-benzyl-p-benzoquinone, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-p-benzoquinone (thymoquinone), 2,6-diisopropyl-p- benzoquinone, 2,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-p-benzoquinone, 2,5-dihydroxy- p-benzoquinone, embelin, tetrahydroxy-p-benzoquinone, 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, 2-amino-5-methyl-p-benzoquinone, 2,5-bisphenylamino-1,4-benzoquinone, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2-anilino-1,4, naphthoquinone, anthraquinone, N, N-dimethylindoaniline, N, N-diphenyl-p-benzoquinone diimine, 1,4-benzoquinone dioxime, Coerulignon, 3,3'-di-tert-butyl-5,5'-dimethyldiphenoquinone, p-rosolic acid (Aurin), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-benzylidene-benzoquinone or 2,5-di-tert-amyl hydroquinone.
N-Oxyle können beispielsweise sein 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-N-oxyl, 4-Oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 4-Acetoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 4,4',4"-Tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl)-phosphit, 3-Oxo-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidin-N- oxyl, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-methoxypiperidin, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-trimethylsilyloxypiperidin, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-2-ethylhexanoat, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-stearat, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-benzoat, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-(4-tert-butyl)benzoat, Bis(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-succinat, Bis(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-adipat, 1,10-Dekandisäure-bis(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)ester, Bis(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-n-butylmalonat, Bis(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-phthalat, Bis(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-isophthalat, Bis(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-terephthalat, Bis(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-hexahydroterephthalat, N,N'-Bis(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-adipinamid, N-(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-caprolactam, N-(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-dodecylsuccinimid, 2,4,6-Tris-[N-butyl-N-(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl]triazin, N,N'-Bis(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N,N'-bis-formyl-1,6-diaminohexan oder 4,4'-Ethylenbis(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperazin-3-on). N-oxyls can be, for example 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl, 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-acetoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4,4 ', 4 "tris (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl) phosphite, 3-oxo-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-N- oxyl, 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-methoxypiperidine, 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-trimethylsilyloxypiperidin, 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-2-ethylhexanoate, 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl stearate, 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-benzoate, 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl- (4-tert-butyl) benzoate, Bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) succinate, Bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) adipate, 1,10-decanedioic acid-bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester, Bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -n-butylmalonate, Bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) phthalate, Bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) isophthalate, Bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) terephthalate, Bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -hexahydroterephthalat, N, N'-bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) adipinamide, N- (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) - caprolactam, N- (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -dodecylsuccinimid, 2,4,6-tris- [N-butyl-N- (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl] triazine N, N'-bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -N, N'-bis-formyl-1,6-diaminohexane or 4,4'-ethylenebis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperazin-3-one).
Aromatische Amine oder Phenylendiamine können beispielsweise sein N,N-Diphenylamin, N-Nitroso-diphenylamin, Nitrosodiethylanilin, N,N'-Dialkyl-para-phenylendiamin, wobei die Alkylreste gleich oder verschieden sein können und jeweils unabhängig voneinander aus 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatome bestehen und geradkettig oder verzweigt sein können, beispielsweise N,N'-Di-iso-butyl-p-phenylendiamin, N,N'-Di-iso-propyl-p-phenylendiamin, Irganox 5057 der Firma Ciba Specialitätenchemie, N,N'-Di-iso-butyl-p-phenylendiamin, N,N'-Di-iso-propyl-p-phenylendiamin, p-Phenylendiamin, N- Phenyl-p-Phenylendiamin, N,N'-Diphenyl-p-phenylendiamin, N-Isopropyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylendiamin, N,N'-Di-sec-butyl-p-phenylendiamin (Kerobit® BPD der BASF AG), N-Phenyl-N'-isopropyl- p-phenylendiamin (Vulkanox® 4010 der Bayer AG), N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylendiamin, N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamin, Imoinodibenzyl, N,N'-Diphenylbenzidin, N-Phenyltetraanilin, Acridon, 3-Hydroxydiphenylamin oder 4-Hydroxydiphenylamin. Aromatic amines or phenylenediamines can be, for example N, N-diphenylamine, N-nitrosodiphenylamine, nitrosodiethylaniline, N, N'-Dialkyl-para-phenylenediamine, the alkyl radicals being the same or can be different and each independently consist of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and straight-chain or can be branched, for example N, N'-di-iso-butyl-p-phenylene diamine, N, N'-di-iso-propyl-p-phenylene diamine, Irganox 5057 der Ciba Specialty Chemicals, N, N'-di-iso-butyl-p-phenylene diamine, N, N'-di-iso-propyl-p-phenylene diamine, p-phenylene diamine, N- Phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine (Kerobit® BPD from BASF AG), N-phenyl-N'-isopropyl- p-phenylenediamine (Vulkanox® 4010 from Bayer AG), N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, Imoinodibenzyl, N, N'-diphenylbenzidine, N-phenyltetraaniline, acridone, 3-hydroxydiphenylamine or 4-hydroxydiphenylamine.
Hydroxylamine können beispielsweise sein N,N-Diethylhydroxylamin. Hydroxylamines can be, for example, N, N-diethylhydroxylamine.
Harnstoffderivate können beispielsweise sein Harnstoff oder Thioharnstoff. Urea derivatives can be, for example, urea or Thiourea.
Als Stabilisator wirksame Sulfonamide sind beispielsweise in der älteren deutschen Patentanmeldung mit dem Aktenzeichen 102 04 280.2 beschrieben. Sulfonamides effective as stabilizers are, for example, in US Pat older German patent application with the file number 102 04 280.2 described.
Oxime können beispielsweise Aldoxime, Ketoxime oder Amidoxime sein, wie beispielsweise in der älteren deutschen Patentanmeldung mit dem Aktenzeichen 101 39 767.4 beschrieben, bevorzugt Diethylketoxim, Acetonoxim, Methylethylketoxim, Cylcohexanonoxim oder andere aliphatische Oxime beziehungsweise deren Reaktionsprodukte mit Alkylübertragungsreagenzien, wie z. B. Alkylhalogenide, -triflate, -sulfonate, -tosylate, -carbonate, -sulfate, -phosphate oder dergleichen. Oximes can be, for example, aldoximes, ketoximes or amidoximes be, such as in the earlier German patent application described with the file number 101 39 767.4, preferred Diethyl ketoxime, acetone oxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, cyclohexanone oxime or other aliphatic oximes or their reaction products with alkyl transfer reagents, such as. B. alkyl halides, triflates, sulfonates, tosylates, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates or similar.
Phosphorhaltige Verbindungen können beispielsweise sein Triphenylphosphin, Triphenylphosphit, Hypophosphorige Säure oder Triethylphosphit. For example, phosphorus-containing compounds Triphenylphosphine, triphenylphosphite, hypophosphorous acid or Triethylphosphite.
Schwefelhaltige Verbindungen können beispielsweise sein Diphenylsulfid, Ovothiole, weitere schwefelhaltige Naturstoffe wie Cystein oder Phenothiazin. Sulfur-containing compounds can be, for example Diphenyl sulfide, ovothiols, other sulfur-containing natural products such as Cysteine or phenothiazine.
Weitere Metallsalze können beispielsweise Kupfer-, Mangan-, Nickel- oder Chromsalze mit den o. g. Anionen sein, besonders -chlorid, -dithiocarbamat, -sulfat, -salicylat, -acrylat (auch in- situ generiert) oder -acetat. Other metal salts can include copper, manganese, Nickel or chrome salts with the above. Be anions, especially -chloride, -dithiocarbamate, -sulfate, -salicylate, -acrylate (also generated in situ) or acetate.
Bevorzugt sind Phenole, Chinone und Hydrochinone, aromatische Amine und Phenylendiamine, phosphorhaltige Verbindungen und schwefelhaltige Verbindungen, besonders bevorzugt sind Phenole, Chinone und Hydrochinone und schwefelhaltige Verbindungen. Preferred are phenols, quinones and hydroquinones, aromatic Amines and phenylenediamines, phosphorus-containing compounds and sulfur-containing compounds, particularly preferred are phenols, Quinones and hydroquinones and sulfur-containing compounds.
Insbesondere bevorzugt sind 2-tert.-Butyl-4-methylphenol, 6-tert.-Butyl-2,4-dimethyl-phenol, 2,6-Di-tert.-Butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert.-Butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butylcatechol, 2,4-di-tert.-Butylphenol, 2-Methyl-4-tert.-Butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol, 2-tert-Butyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4,6-Tris-tert-Butylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert.-butylphenol, 2,4-Di- tert.-Butylphenol, Bisphenol A oder F, 3-Diethylaminophenol, 2,4-Dinitro-6-isobutylphenol, Hydrochinon, Hydrochinonmonomethylether, tert.-Butylhydrochinon, N,N'-Di-sec.-butyl-p-phenylendiamin, Hypophosphorige Säure und Phenothiazin. Particularly preferred are 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 6-tert-butyl-2,4-dimethyl-phenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butyl catechol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2-methyl-4-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tris-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di- tert-butylphenol, bisphenol A or F, 3-diethylaminophenol, 2,4-dinitro-6-isobutylphenol, hydroquinone, Hydroquinone monomethyl ether, tert-butyl hydroquinone, N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, hypophosphorous acid and phenothiazine.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform enthält das Stabilisatorgemisch Phenothiazin sowie mindestens eine weitere als Stabilisator wirksame Verbindung, besonders bevorzugt Phenothiazin und mindestens eine phenolische Verbindungen. In a preferred embodiment, this contains Stabilizer mixture phenothiazine and at least one other than Stabilizing compound, particularly preferably phenothiazine and at least one phenolic compound.
Selbstverständlich können auch mehrere als Stabilisatoren wirksame Verbindungen eingesetzt werden, beispielsweise 1 bis 4, bevorzugt 1 bis 3 und besonders bevorzugt 1 bis 2. Of course, several can also be used as stabilizers active compounds are used, for example 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 3 and particularly preferably 1 to 2.
Als sauerstoffhaltiges Gas können bevorzugt Luft oder ein Gemisch aus Sauerstoff oder Luft und einem unter den Einsatzbedingungen inerten Gas verwendet werden. Als inertes Gas können Stickstoff, Helium, Argon, Kohlenmonoxid, Kohlendioxid, Wasserdampf, niedere Kohlenwasserstoffe oder deren Gemische verwendet werden. Air or a mixture can preferably be used as the oxygen-containing gas from oxygen or air and one under the operating conditions inert gas can be used. Nitrogen, Helium, argon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water vapor, low Hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof are used.
Der Sauerstoffgehalt des sauerstoffhaltigen Gases kann beispielsweise zwischen 0,1 und 50 Vol%, bevorzugt von 0,5 bis 30 betragen, besonders bevorzugt 1 bis 21, ganz besonders bevorzugt 2 bis 21 und insbesondere 5 bis 10 Vol%. Selbstverständlich können, falls gewünscht, auch höhere Sauerstoffgehalte eingesetzt werden. The oxygen content of the oxygen-containing gas can for example between 0.1 and 50% by volume, preferably from 0.5 to 30 amount, particularly preferably 1 to 21, very particularly preferably 2 to 21 and in particular 5 to 10% by volume. Of course, if desired, higher oxygen levels can also be used.
Das sauerstoffhaltige Gas hat erfindungsgemäß keinen wesentlichen Gehalt an Stickoxiden, beispielsweise NO, NO2, N2O4, N2O3 oder dergleichen, d. h. keinen höheren Gehalt an Stickoxiden als den der verwendeten Luft gegebenenfalls nach Abmischen mit einem inerten Gas. Dieser Gehalt an Stickoxiden liegt, je Stickoxid bezogen auf das zu stabilisierende (meth)acrylsäure(ester)haltige Gemisch, in der Regel unter 5 ppm, bevorzugt unter 3 ppm, besonders bevorzugt unter 2 und ganz besonders bevorzugt unter 1 ppm. Insbesondere enthält das sauerstoffhaltige Gas keine Stickoxide. According to the invention, the oxygen-containing gas has no substantial content of nitrogen oxides, for example NO, NO 2 , N 2 O 4 , N 2 O 3 or the like, ie no content of nitrogen oxides higher than that of the air used, if appropriate after mixing with an inert gas. This nitrogen oxide content, depending on the nitrogen oxide based on the (meth) acrylic acid (ester) -containing mixture, is generally below 5 ppm, preferably below 3 ppm, particularly preferably below 2 and very particularly preferably below 1 ppm. In particular, the oxygen-containing gas contains no nitrogen oxides.
Bevorzugt sind Luft oder Luft-Stickstoff-Gemische. Air or air-nitrogen mixtures are preferred.
Die Einspeisung des sauerstoffhaltigen Gases kann über beliebige Vorrichtungen an beliebigen Stellen des Herstellungs-, Aufarbeitungs oder Lagerungsprozesses der/des (Meth)acrylsäure(esters) erfolgen. The oxygen-containing gas can be fed in via any Devices at any point in the manufacturing, Processing or storage process of (meth) acrylic acid (esters) respectively.
Beispielsweise kann die Einspeisung in einer Reaktionszone durch die zu stabilisierende Verbindung hindurch erfolgen, beispielsweise durch ein getauchtes Rohr oder in einen Umlaufverdampfer, wie beispielsweise in der älteren deutschen Patentanmeldung mit dem Aktenzeichen 101 27 938.8 beschrieben, oder durch Überlagerung, gegenüber der einfachen Überlagerung bevorzugt ist eine Einspeisung. Unter Einspeisung wird hier verstanden, daß das sauerstoffhaltige Gas durch das (Meth)acrylsäure(ester)-haltige Gemisch hindurchgeführt und nicht lediglich entlang der Oberfläche geführt wird, d. h. das sauerstoffhaltige Gas legt während des Aufsteigens einen Weg durch die flüssige Phase des (Meth)acrylsäure(ester)-haltigen Gemisches hindurch. For example, the feed in a reaction zone the connection to be stabilized is made through for example through a submerged tube or in a circulation evaporator, such as in the older German patent application the file number 101 27 938.8, or by Overlay, preferred over simple overlay is one Feed. Under feed is understood here that the oxygen-containing gas through the (meth) acrylic acid (ester) -containing Passed mixture and not just along the Surface is guided, d. H. the oxygen-containing gas settles during of ascending a path through the liquid phase of the Mixture containing (meth) acrylic acid (ester).
Dazu können auch unterschiedliche sauerstoffhaltige Gemische verwendet werden. Different oxygen-containing mixtures can also be used be used.
Die Menge, in der die Verbindungen um eine stabilisierende Wirkung auf die (Meth)acrylsäure(ester) auszuüben, sind im Rahmen fachüblicher Versuche zu ermitteln. The amount in which the compounds are stabilized Effects on the (meth) acrylic acid (ester) are within the scope to determine professional tests.
Beispielsweise werden je Komponente des erfindungsgemäßen Gemisches von 10 bis 2000 Gew.ppm bzgl. der/des (Meth)acrylsäure/(Meth)acrylsäureesters eingesetzt, bevorzugt 20 bis 1000 ppm, besonders bevorzugt 50 bis 800, ganz besonders bevorzugt 100 bis 700 und insbesondere 200 bis 500 ppm. For example, each component of the invention Mixtures of 10 to 2000 ppm by weight with respect to the (Meth) acrylic acid / (meth) acrylic acid ester used, preferably 20 to 1000 ppm, particularly preferably 50 to 800, very particularly preferably 100 up to 700 and in particular 200 to 500 ppm.
Die Menge des eingespeisten sauerstoffhaltigen Gases ist erfindungsgemäß nicht beschränkt. Vorteilhaft beträgt sie das 0,0001 bis 100fache der zu stabilisierenden Verbindung (jeweils bezogen auf das Gewicht), bevorzugt das 0,0001 bis 10fache, besonders bevorzugt das 0,0005 bis 1fache und besonders bevorzugt das 0,001 bis 1fache. Selbstverständlich sind auch höhere oder niedrigere Mengen denkbar. The amount of oxygen-containing gas fed in is not limited according to the invention. It is advantageous 0.0001 to 100 times the compound to be stabilized (each based on the weight), preferably 0.0001 to 10 times, particularly preferably 0.0005 to 1-fold and particularly preferred the 0.001 to 1 times. Of course, higher or lower quantities conceivable.
Weiterhin sind Gegenstand der Erfindung Stabilisatormischungen,
enthaltend
- a) mindestens ein Cer-Salz,
- b) mindestens eine weitere als Stabilisator wirksame Verbindung,
- c) mindestens ein sauerstoffhaltiges Gas und
- d) gegebenenfalls mindestens ein Lösungsmittel.
- a) at least one cerium salt,
- b) at least one further compound which acts as a stabilizer,
- c) at least one oxygen-containing gas and
- d) optionally at least one solvent.
Cer-Salze sind dabei die oben angeführten. Cerium salts are the ones listed above.
Weitere als Stabilisator wirksame Verbindungen sind die oben angeführten Phenole, Chinone oder Hydrochinone, N-Oxyle, aromatische Amine oder Phenylendiamine, Hydroxylamine, Harnstoffderivate, phosphorhaltige Verbindungen, schwefelhaltige Verbindungen und/oder weitere Metallsalze. Other compounds effective as stabilizers are those above phenols, quinones or hydroquinones, N-oxyls, aromatic amines or phenylenediamines, hydroxylamines, Urea derivatives, phosphorus-containing compounds, sulfur-containing Compounds and / or other metal salts.
Sauerstoffhaltige Gase sind dabei ebenfalls wie oben aufgeführt. Oxygen-containing gases are also listed as above.
Als Lösungsmittel können die oben angeführten verwendet werden. As the solvent, those mentioned above can be used.
Bevorzugt sind Stabilisatormischungen aus dem Cer-Salz und Phenothiazin und sauerstoffhaltigem Gas, Cer-Salz/Hydrochinon/sauerstoffhaltiges Gas, Cer-Salz/Hydrochinonmonomethylether/sauerstoffhaltiges Gas, Cer-Salz/4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl/sauerstoffhaltiges Gas, Cer-Salz/4-Oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl/sauerstoffhaltiges Gas, Cer- Salz/2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl/sauerstoffhaltiges Gas, Cer-Salz/Phenothiazin/Hydrochinonmonomethylether/sauerstoffhaltiges Gas, Cer-Salz/Phenothiazin/4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl/sauerstoffhaltiges Gas oder Cer-Salz/Hydrochinonmonomethylether/4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl/sauerstoffhaltiges Gas. Stabilizer mixtures of cerium salt and Phenothiazine and oxygen-containing gas, Cerium salt / hydroquinone / oxygen-containing gas, Cerium salt / hydroquinone monomethyl ether / oxygen-containing gas, Cerium salt / 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl / oxygen-containing gas, Cerium salt / 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl / oxygen-containing gas, cerium Salt / 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl / oxygen-containing gas, Cerium salt / phenothiazine / hydroquinone monomethyl ether / oxygen-containing gas, Cerium salt / phenothiazine / 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl / oxygen-containing gas or Cerium salt / hydroquinone monomethyl ether / 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl / oxygen-containing gas.
Das Cer-Salz ist dabei jeweils bevorzugt Cer(III)acetat, Cer(III)acetat Hydrat, Cer(III)acetylacetonat, Cer(III)acetylacetonat Hydrat, Cer(III)carbonat, Cer(III)carbonat Hydrat, Cer(III)chlorid, Cer(III)chlorid Heptahydrat, Cer(III) ethylhexanoat oder Mischungen davon, Cer(III)nitrat, Cer(III)nitrat Hexahydrat, Cer(III)oxalat, Cer(III)sulfat, Cer(III)sulfat Octahydrat oder Cer(III)acrylat (auch in-situ generiert). The cerium salt is preferably cerium (III) acetate, Cerium (III) acetate hydrate, cerium (III) acetylacetonate, Cerium (III) acetylacetonate hydrate, cerium (III) carbonate, cerium (III) carbonate hydrate, Cerium (III) chloride, cerium (III) chloride heptahydrate, cerium (III) ethylhexanoate or mixtures thereof, cerium (III) nitrate, cerium (III) nitrate Hexahydrate, cerium (III) oxalate, cerium (III) sulfate, cerium (III) sulfate Octahydrate or cerium (III) acrylate (also generated in-situ).
Das sauerstoffhaltige Gas ist dabei jeweils bevorzugt Luft oder ein Luft/Stickstoff-Gemisch. The oxygen-containing gas is preferably air or an air / nitrogen mixture.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Stabilisatormischungen enthalten die Komponenten i) und ii) in Gewichtsverhältnissen i) : ii) zwischen 1 : 100 bis 100 : 1, bevorzugt 1 : 50 bis 50 : 1, besonders bevorzugt 1 : 10 bis 10 : 1 und insbesondere 1 : 5 bis 5 : 1. Bezogen auf die Menge i) + ii) kann das sauerstoffhaltige Gas iii) bevorzugt in Mengen von 20 : 1 bis 1 : 100, besonders bevorzugt 20 : 1-1 : 50, ganz besonders bevorzugt von 10 : 1-1 : 20 und insbesondere 10 : 1-1 : 10 eingesetzt werden. The stabilizer mixtures according to the invention contain the Components i) and ii) in weight ratios i): ii) between 1: 100 to 100: 1, preferably 1:50 to 50: 1, particularly preferred 1:10 to 10: 1 and in particular 1: 5 to 5: 1. Based on the quantity i) + ii), the oxygen-containing gas iii) can preferably in amounts from 20: 1 to 1: 100, particularly preferably 20: 1-1: 50, whole particularly preferably from 10: 1-1: 20 and in particular 10: 1-1: 10 be used.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird die Stabilisatormischung in Form einer Lösung oder Dispersion, besonders bevorzugt einer Lösung im Verfahren zur Herstellung, Aufarbeitung oder Lagerung von (Meth)acrylsäure(ester) eingesetzt, wobei zusätzlich das sauerstoffhaltige Gas iii) eindosiert wird. Die Viskositäten können dabei zwischen 10 und 1500 mm2/s liegen. In a preferred embodiment, the stabilizer mixture is used in the form of a solution or dispersion, particularly preferably a solution in the process for the preparation, processing or storage of (meth) acrylic acid (ester), the oxygen-containing gas iii) additionally being metered in. The viscosities can be between 10 and 1500 mm 2 / s.
Selbstverständlich können die erfindungsgemäßen Stabilisatoren oder Stabilisatorgemische auch als Schmelze eingesetzt werden, beispielsweise wenn der Schmelzpunkt des Stabilisators unter 120°C, bevorzugt unter 100°C, besonders bevorzugt unter 80°C und insbesondere unter 60°C beträgt. Of course, the stabilizers according to the invention or stabilizer mixtures can also be used as a melt, for example if the stabilizer's melting point is below 120 ° C, preferably below 100 ° C, particularly preferably below 80 ° C and is in particular below 60 ° C.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Form werden die erfindungsgemäßen Stabilisatorgemische als Schmelze in einem Phenol als Verbindung ii) mit einem Schmelzpunkt unter 120°C, bevorzugt unter 100°C, besonders bevorzugt unter 80°C und insbesondere unter 60°C als Komponente ii) eingesetzt, besonders bevorzugt ist das Phenol ausgewählt unter p-Aminophenol, p-Nitrosophenol, 2-tert.-Butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert.-Butylphenol, 2-Methyl-4-tert.-Butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol, Hydrochinon und Hydrochinonmonomethylether. In a further preferred form, the invention Stabilizer mixtures as a melt in a phenol as a compound ii) with a melting point below 120 ° C., preferably below 100 ° C., particularly preferably below 80 ° C and in particular below 60 ° C as Component ii) used, the phenol is particularly preferred selected from p-aminophenol, p-nitrosophenol, 2-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2-methyl-4-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol, Hydroquinone and hydroquinone monomethyl ether.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Stabilisatorgemische können bevorzugt an solchen Stellen eingesetzt werden, an denen (Meth)acrylsäure(ester), beispielsweise durch hohe Verweilzeit und/oder hohe Temperatur, einer Polymerisationsgefahr ausgesetzt ist. The stabilizer mixtures according to the invention can preferably be used be used in places where (Meth) acrylic acid (ester), for example due to the high residence time and / or high Temperature, a risk of polymerization is exposed.
Dies können beispielsweise sein der Reaktor zur Herstellung der polymerisationsfähigen Verbindung, Absorptionseinheiten, die beispielsweise mit Wasser oder einem hochsiedenden Lösungsmittel, wie z. B. Gemischen aus Diphenylether, Biphenyl und gegebenenfalls Phathalsäureestern, als Absorptionsmittel betrieben werden können, Desorptionseinheiten, Rektifikationseinheiten, beispielsweise Destillations- oder Strippapparate oder Rektifikationskolonnen, Kondensationskolonnen, Verdampfer, beispielsweise Natur- oder Zwangsumlaufverdampfer, Kondensatoren oder Vakuumeinheiten. These can be, for example, the reactor for producing the polymerizable compound, absorption units, the for example with water or a high-boiling solvent, such as B. mixtures of diphenyl ether, biphenyl and optionally Phthalic acid esters, are operated as absorbents can, desorption units, rectification units, for example distillation or stripping apparatus or Rectification columns, condensation columns, evaporators, for example natural or forced circulation evaporators, condensers or vacuum units.
Wenn möglich wird das sauerstoffhaltige Gas in der Regel im Gegenstrom zur flüssigen zu stabilisierenden Verbindung geführt, beispielsweise bei einer Destillation oder Rektifikation durch Einleiten in den Sumpf. If possible, the oxygen-containing gas is usually in the Countercurrent to the liquid compound to be stabilized, for example in the case of distillation or rectification Initiate into the swamp.
Die Eindosierung des sauerstoffhaltigen Gases und des Gemisches aus i) und ii) kann an unterschiedlichen Stellen erfolgen. The metering of the oxygen-containing gas and the mixture from i) and ii) can take place at different points.
So kann beispielsweise das Gemisch aus i) und ii), gegebenenfalls gelöst oder dispergiert in einem Lösungsmittel iv), direkt in die zu stabilisierende Verbindung, beispielsweise zusammen mit einem der Edukte oder getrennt von diesen, in den Reaktor dosiert werden, oder bei einer Destillation oder Rektifikation am Kopf einer Rektifikationseinheit eindosiert werden, z. B. in den Kopf der Rektifikationseinheit oder über die trennwirksamen Einbauten, wie z. B. Böden, Packungen oder Schüttungen, gesprüht oder gedüst werden oder zusammen mit dem Rücklauf in einen Kondensator eindosiert werden, z. B. eingesprüht, so daß der Kondensatorkopf und/oder die Kühlflächen benetzt sind, oder es kann in einer Vakuumeinheit, wie in der EP-A 1 057 804 beschrieben oder als Sperrflüssigkeit in einer Flüssigkeitsringpumpe, wie in der älteren deutschen Patentanmeldung vom 5.9.2001 mit dem Aktenzeichen 101 43 565.7 beschrieben, verwendet werden. For example, the mixture of i) and ii), if appropriate dissolved or dispersed in a solvent iv), directly in the compound to be stabilized, for example together with a the starting materials or separately from these, metered into the reactor be distilled or rectified at the top of a Rectification unit can be metered in, for. B. in the head of Rectification unit or via the separating internals, such as z. B. floors, packs or fillings, sprayed or sprayed or together with the return flow into a condenser be metered in, e.g. B. sprayed so that the capacitor head and / or the cooling surfaces are wetted, or it can be in one Vacuum unit as described in EP-A 1 057 804 or as Barrier fluid in a liquid ring pump, like in the older one German patent application dated September 5, 2001 with the file number 101 43 565.7 described, used.
Gleichzeitig wird das sauerstoffhaltige Gas wie oben beschrieben dosiert. At the same time, the oxygen-containing gas is as described above dosed.
Denkbar ist auch eine getrennt Dosierung von i) und ii), bevorzugt werden diese jedoch gemeinsam dosiert. Erfindungsgemäß wesentlich ist, daß die zu stabilisierende Verbindung gleichermaßen Kontakt mit i), ii) und iii) hat. A separate dosage of i) and ii) is also conceivable, however, these are preferably metered together. According to the invention it is essential that the connection to be stabilized equally Has contact with i), ii) and iii).
Zu berücksichtigen ist bei der Dosierung jedoch die eingangs erwähnte Maßgabe, daß in einem Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylsäure nicht gleichzeitig i) Ceracetat und ii) Phenothiazin und mindestens eine phenolische Verbindung in Gegenwart eines sauerstoffhaltigen Gases iii) eingesetzt werden sollen. However, the dosing must be taken into account at the beginning mentioned condition that in a process for the production of Acrylic acid not simultaneously i) cerium acetate and ii) phenothiazine and at least one phenolic compound in the presence of a oxygen-containing gas iii) are to be used.
Die Stabilisatorgemische können sowohl als Prozeß- als auch als Lagerstabilisator verwendet weren, d. h. zur Stabilisierung von (Meth)acrylsäure(ester) während des Prozesses zu deren/dessen Herstellung oder zur Stabilisierung der/des reinen (Meth)acrylsäure(esters). The stabilizer mixtures can be used as both process and Bearing stabilizer used, i. H. to stabilize (Meth) acrylic acid (ester) during the process of its Manufacture or to stabilize the pure (Meth) acrylic acid (ester).
In dieser Schrift verwendete ppm- und Prozentangaben beziehen sich, falls nicht anders angegeben, auf Gewichtsprozente und -ppm. Obtain ppm and percentages used in this document unless otherwise stated, percentages by weight and ppm.
Die folgenden Beispiele sollen die Erfindung erläutern, aber nicht auf diese Beispiele einschränken. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, however do not limit yourself to these examples.
Die Stabilisierung von Acrylsäure wurde auf folgende Weise
bestimmt: Roh-Acrylsäure mit folgender Zusammensetzung: 99,6%
Acrylsäure, 0,18% Essigsäure, 0,03% Propionsäure, 0,05%
Furfurale, 0,01% Benzaldehyd, 0,06% Wasser, 0,01%
Maleinsäureanhydrid, 0,05% Phenothiazin wurde zweimal unter vermindertem Druck
destilliert, um enthaltenen Stabilisator und Spuren von
Verunreinigungen zu beseitigen. Diese unstabilisierte Acrylsäure wurde
dann mit den angegeben Mengen an Stabilisator und/oder
Stabilisatorgemischen versetzt. Die Proben, die unter einer
Inertatmosphäre vermessen werden sollten, wurden eine Stunde mit Stickstoff
gespült und in vorher mit Stickstoff oder einem anderen Inertgas
gespülten Ampullen eingeschlossen. Proben unter einer
Luftatmosphäre wurden ohne weitere Behandlung in Ampullen
transferiert. Alle Proben wurden gleichzeitig stehend oder gedreht in
einem Ofen bei konstanter Temperatur (120°C) gelagert. Von allen
Proben wurden drei Ampullen gelagert, um statistische Fehler
auszuschliessen. Die Zeitdauer vom Beginn der Temperierung bis zum
Zeitpunkt der durch Weißfärbung optisch sichtbaren Polymerisation
(Induktionsperiode) wurde bestimmt. In den nachfolgenden Tabellen
ist als Induktionsperiode der statistische Mittelwert der
Dreifachbestimmung in Minuten angegeben.
The stabilization of acrylic acid was determined in the following way: Crude acrylic acid with the following composition: 99.6% acrylic acid, 0.18% acetic acid, 0.03% propionic acid, 0.05% furfural, 0.01% benzaldehyde, 0.06 % Water, 0.01% maleic anhydride, 0.05% phenothiazine was distilled twice under reduced pressure to remove contained stabilizer and traces of contaminants. The stated amounts of stabilizer and / or stabilizer mixtures were then added to this unstabilized acrylic acid. The samples to be measured under an inert atmosphere were purged with nitrogen for one hour and sealed in ampoules previously purged with nitrogen or other inert gas. Samples under an air atmosphere were transferred to ampoules without further treatment. All samples were stored upright or turned simultaneously in an oven at constant temperature (120 ° C). Three ampoules of all samples were stored in order to exclude statistical errors. The time period from the beginning of the tempering to the point in time of the polymerization which was optically visible by white coloring (induction period) was determined. In the following tables, the statistical mean value of the triple determination in minutes is given as the induction period.
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2002123618 DE10223618A1 (en) | 2002-05-27 | 2002-05-27 | Stabilization of (meth)acrylic acid (esters) and (meth)acrylamide against polymerization comprises using stabilizer mixture comprising cerium salt, a further stabilizer compound and oxygen containing gas |
| PCT/EP2002/011559 WO2003035596A2 (en) | 2001-10-19 | 2002-10-16 | Inhibitor mixture for (meth)acrylic acid and (meth)acrylic acid ester |
| AU2002346923A AU2002346923A1 (en) | 2001-10-19 | 2002-10-16 | Inhibitor mixture for (meth)acrylic acid and (meth)acrylic acid ester |
| AU2003219099A AU2003219099A1 (en) | 2002-05-27 | 2003-03-26 | Stabilisation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds comprising hydroxylamine derivatives |
| PCT/EP2003/003139 WO2003099757A1 (en) | 2002-05-27 | 2003-03-26 | Stabilisation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds comprising hydroxylamine derivatives |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2002123618 DE10223618A1 (en) | 2002-05-27 | 2002-05-27 | Stabilization of (meth)acrylic acid (esters) and (meth)acrylamide against polymerization comprises using stabilizer mixture comprising cerium salt, a further stabilizer compound and oxygen containing gas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE10223618A1 true DE10223618A1 (en) | 2003-12-11 |
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ID=29432363
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2002123618 Withdrawn DE10223618A1 (en) | 2001-10-19 | 2002-05-27 | Stabilization of (meth)acrylic acid (esters) and (meth)acrylamide against polymerization comprises using stabilizer mixture comprising cerium salt, a further stabilizer compound and oxygen containing gas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE10223618A1 (en) |
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2002
- 2002-05-27 DE DE2002123618 patent/DE10223618A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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