DE1021066B - Winding arrangement for transformers or converters connected in cascade - Google Patents

Description

Winding arrangement for transformers connected in cascade or Converter The invention relates to a winding arrangement for transformers or Converters, especially for high voltages. With such devices; often one Cascade connection used in which the high-voltage windings are connected in series are, while the power required for energy transport or magnetization by special windings, which are called overcoupling windings or shear windings from one core to the next, or from one leg of a core is transferred to the next.

With the cascade high-voltage transformers one can essentially distinguish two types. One type is wrapped for everyone. leg a special iron core, preferably a jacket core, is provided, while the second Type of embodiment has frame cores, of which two legs are coated.

In the first type, in which each wrapped leg has a special one Has iron core, dis coils are usually arranged so that directly there is a low-voltage winding on your iron core, "- which is often the case with spatial and the lowest core in terms of voltage is the primary winding of the high-voltage transformer or, in the case of voltage converters, forms the secondary winding. The iron core itself has doing an electrical potential that is close to the potential of this winding lies. C'lier of this winding is the actual high voltage winding of the surpassing one Core arranged, in such a way that the potential from the winding base nasch outside increases towards. There is another low voltage winding above the high voltage winding N ight that serves as the overcoupling winding and with the winding on the next. Leg is connected. This winding is at the highest potential the high-voltage winding of the core concerned.

Even with the second type of high-voltage transformer, the two legs of a frame core are provided with three windings each usually the high-voltage winding between. two low voltage windings., one of which is. a.u.f is the core potential and as an overcoupling winding serves, while the other, lying on the outside of the high-voltage winding, are at a potential that is around the potential of the high-voltage winding her thigh is displaced against the core.

So with both types of cascade transformers there is the High voltage winding between the two low voltage windings.

The invention is based on. recognizing that this winding arrangement is very cheap if you. a greater power or a smaller short-circuit voltage want to achieve. The arrangement inevitably leads to a concatenation of the Stray voltages from two windings. there, starting from a low-voltage winding, the energy SO-probably on the high voltage winding as on the one on the other side of the high voltage winding lying further low-voltage winding must be transformed. Hence surrendered with these winding arrangements, especially in the lowermost leg of the cascade transformer relatively high litter waste.

The invention relates to a winding arrangement for cascade-connected Transformers or converters, especially for high voltages where only three Windings, namely a high-voltage, a low-voltage and a coupling winding, are attached to a common core leg and the required isolation distances by insulating channels through which an insulating liquid flows between the relevant Windings or between these and. the iron core can be achieved. According to the invention is to avoid a chaining of the stray fluxes during the transformation of the (or on the) winding with the largest number of AWs on (or on the) two other windings the winding with the largest number of AWs is arranged between the other two windings. There is preferably the greatest number of AWs between the winding and the coupling winding an additional insulation is arranged, which for the entire high-voltage potential of the leg is dimensioned.

A dry-type transformer in Kaska.deschaltung has already become known, in which the coupling winding consists of two concentric to the transformer windings internal and external windings. n exists. So here are on the Kerasclivnlcel four Wicl: lungcn arranged, while in the invention is a winding order. at which on the gem; insamen core limb only three wiclcluii-an are provided.

In this known transformer, the Tra.nsformatio-ii from the two overcoupling windings on the secondary winding instead. Accordingly occurs during the transfer of the external coupling winding to the secondary winding a leakage flux, which is also an undesirable linkage with the leakage flux of the primary winding and thus the leakage voltage drop of the external Überkopplungswicklun: g and the primary winding enlarged in an undesirable manner. Even. this well-known Transformer therefore has the major disadvantage that only through the invention is avoided.

A computational check shows that the winding arrangement according to the invention an extraordinary gain in reduced Kurzsohlußspannu.ng or achieved in terms of achievable performance in comparison with the known arrangements will. In the case of a cascade transformer with a frame core with two leg windings each In some cases, it is sufficient to use the winding connection according to the invention to be used only for the leg with the greatest AM 'number. However, the use of this winding arrangement in the other legs;, especially in multi-stage Cascade transformers, still bring advantages: With cascade transformers, which have a special core for each leg provided with windings, is the arrangement of the windings according to the invention in all provided with three windings Legs functional. Such an arrangement also has the advantage of being large Symmetry of the entire winding structure.

It is also advisable to use the earth potential for the high-voltage winding to the inside and the high voltage potential to the outside and the axial length to let the winding layers increase in a known manner to the outside. This The structure of the winding, which is the opposite of the usual type of winding, is due to: the potential relationships cheaper.

Exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown in the drawing shown, namely Fig.1 shows the schematic representation of a four-part Cascade transformer of known design, in which each wound leg has a, has a special iron core, Fig.2 shows the structure of a cascade transformer. !).egg which, according to the invention, the windings of greatest AMT number between the two other \ @ 'icl: windings are arranged, Fig. 3 a cascade transformer known Design with two frame-shaped iron cores. each of which wound on two legs and Fig. 4 shows a cascade transformer according to the invention, which also has two Has frame-shaped iron core, each of which winds on two legs 1), --- is.

In Figs. 1 and 2, only the wound legs are of each iron core shown, while the back leg is in a perpendicular to the plane of the drawing close lying level.

Of the four iron cores 1 to 4, core 1 is at earth potential and carries directly on its middle limb. die Niederspannungswickl.un ## 5, which represents the primary winding of the cascade transformer. On this is the first thermal winding 9 attached and above this a coupling winding switched Z: ederspannungswiclaung 13. In a similar In a way, the rest are core; wrapped, whereby die \ iederspaninnigstvickiungta 6. 7 and 8 on the Core lie on top of it; 10, 11 and. 12 and over this the Ieopppltuigstvicl; - lungs 14 and 15. The windings are switched as follows: The high-voltage windings 9, 10, 11, 12 are all in. grater. The beginning of the Ho. Winding 9 lies on your earthed iron core 1, you High voltage end. which has the same potential like the iron core 2 and the overcoupling winding 13, is with the beginning of the high voltage waveform 10 connected. The end of the high spa iung 10 is in turn connected to the coupling winding 14 and the iron core 3 as well as at the beginning of the high voltage winding 11 connected. The end of Hochspa.nn.urigswick 11 stands with the Überkoq> p- winding 15, the iron core 4 and your beginning the high voltage winding 12 in connection. That The end of the high voltage winding 12 leads to the high The tension pole of the 7`i-ansforinatoi-s. The coupling winding 13 is connected to winding 6 of core 2 iiunden, the coupling winding 14 finite the winding 7 of the core 3 and the carbon winding 15 with the Wrapping 8 of the core 4. Since the coupling windings 13, 14, 15 1> z w. the top layers of the high voltage winding 12 find on a potential l; e, tvelcli2s uni (read der High voltage winding of each core v: rscliie- which is from the core. must between these wick- lungs and your I-Zernriickscliltiss a corresponding Isolation may be provided. Your core 1 is this shown schematically in that the inner university tear of the core window 25 is rotated into the image plane, with a sufficient isolation distance between the @ -% 'ieklu, rig 13 and the lZiickscliltißjncli 25 vc; r- lian (len is. The one in Fig. Cascade transformer shown has the same number of cores as the transformer mator (Ir Fig, 1. However, the 1 @ 'icklw @; en are arranged according to the invention, with each other Speaking parts with the same reference number v2 rselileii are. On each wound core leg 1, 2, 3 and 4 is the winding of the largest AW number 13, 14, 15, 16, in the middle between the two aiirleren M'ickluagen. The low voltage., And Priniärwick- Lung 13 lies between the ho, clis tension stiffness 9 and the lsclil) ltingstricl: lu: ng 5. She is, opposite the Coupling winding 5 by a corresponding one : Vistand 21 1 @ C11: 'rt. The potential of high voltage 9 t #: ä clist voni G1`ici; lung; @@ rtind. the immediately atit the @; - ickhing13 leaves, after außcii increasingly. The @c: hsl> approach winding is so au <- educated. d-ai.i also the axial length of the I_agca according to increases towards the outside. The Kerii 1 is on the deni Potential of the last layer of the high voltage winding lung 9. The Kcl> I @ lurig #; wicl: ltin "5 is with the coupling iungswicIdinig 14 dls next core :: connected that @ re, ten over the _ \ i @ d: isspannt <<; wrapping 6 dies. Kernes is io_iiert by the distance 22. The Kei> I) litngs @ vicklung 6 de, Kernes 2 is finite Kcl>I> lungstviclaun 15 of the core 3 connected to the against the @ie (Ier # pannun @@ swiclclun :; 7 by the Iso- liei-alist2ind 23 isc.lier-t is. 1) The winding 7 stands with (hr t @ `ichlung 16 d1s Iier-nes 4 in @ -erbindun,.;, dlic ° ge "cnüber the winding 8 through the Isolierzilistancl 24 is isolated. The cores 2, 3 and 4 are each connected to the high voltage potential of the last outermost layers of the high voltage windings 10, 11 and 12, which are all connected in series.

The low-voltage winding 8 of the last core 4 is in the series connection all four parts of the cascade not required; however, it can be if specially arranged can be used for the optional parallel connection of the cores.

In the arrangement according to Figure 2, the double-pole supply and discharge lines are closed. The windings 13, 14, 15 and 16, which also contain a further conductor for the respective beginning of the high-voltage coils 9, 10, 11 and 12, are provided with an insulating bandage 17, 18, 19 and 20.

The arrangement according to Figure 2 has the advantage that the feeding Winding each. Core is located between the other two windings, so that -the Stray losses, especially in the case of the windings of the core 1 and 2, are greatly reduced are.

In a practical embodiment according to the invention it is found that with a winding structure, according to FIG. 2, the stray voltages are only about: half up to a third of the value that is present in an arrangement according to FIG. 1 are. The complexity of the winding arrangement is not significantly greater.

In your embodiment of Fig. 3 and. 4 are j: two frame-shaped Iron cores 29 and 30 foreseen: n. In the embodiment according to Figure 3, the frame core carries 29 the windings 31 and 32 on two legs, the frame core 30 the windings 33 and 34, which are connected to one another as coupling windings of the respective core are. The high-voltage windings are located above these coupling windings 35, 36, 37 and 38, and above these the low-voltage windings 39, 40 and 41.

The high voltage windings 35 and 38 are connected in series. Tue .; Cores 29 and 30 are after. Fig.3 each at the potential of the inner End of development of these high-voltage windings.

The low voltage winding 39 is the primary winding of the transformer. The windings 31 and 32 are at core potential and are used as coupling windings connected with each other. Likewise the windings 33 and 34 of the core 30. The coupling winding 40 is connected to the coupling winding 41.

Compared to this known structure, FIG. 4 shows the structure according to FIG Invention. Here, the low-voltage switch 39 is located between the high-voltage winding 35 and the coupling winding 31. The winding 39 is against the coupling winding 31 isolated by the insulating channel 43. The high voltage winding 35 has on her inner ring the potential of the winding 39, d. H. Earth potential. and on their exterior Scope the potential of the core 29. The winding is like that again. trained, class the axial length of the layers increases towards the outside. Similarly, the high voltage has #. Viclclung 36 on its outer circumference the potential of the iron core 29 and on its inner one Perimeter the higher potential, which corresponds to the mean potential of the winding 40 and transferred to the winding 41 and to the beginning of the winding of the high-voltage winding 37 will.

The connection line to the low-voltage winding 3'9 resp. of the Winding 40 to winding 41 is insulated by means of insulating material, 47 and 48.

The core 30 has the potential of the outermost layers of the light-voltage winding 37 while on. the high-voltage winding 38 has the highest potential on the outside.

From Fig. 4 it can be seen that the core legs with the windings 31, 39 and 35 as well as 41, 33 and 37 reduce the stray voltages significantly. are lower than after. Fig. 3, since the windings 39 and 40 of the maximum AW number between. the windings to which they have to transfer the energy. Even with the By arranging the windings 32, 40 and 36, a smaller stray voltage is obtained as beli the previously known arrangement, since the two windings 32 and 40, which The main part of the energy to be transmitted has to be next to each other and there, the winding 40, which is a low voltage winding., a has a significantly smaller radial circumference than the high-voltage winding 36.

In this example, too, the arrangement of FIG. 4 only has approximately that Half to a third of the stray voltage as in b, eii according to the known arrangement Fig. 3.

The arrangement shown in the example of transformers can also can be used with voltage converters. In the case of transformers, the invention the inductive component of the short-circuit voltage is greatest, especially in the leg A.W number can be reduced considerably, up to about 40 to 50% compared to the value of the known arrangements.

Since in cascade high-voltage transformers the 01imsche part the short-circuit voltage: g by arranging larger winding cross-sections without significantly: can reduce higher effort, it is possible by the winding arrangement according to of the invention from approximately the same model with the same short-circuit voltage approximately to take twice the power or, if the power is the same, the Reduce short-circuit voltage to almost half.

In the case of cascade voltage converters, the winding arrangement means that the Decreased stray voltage drop. Since this is the largest for this type of voltage converter Share of the total spa.nn: ungsabfall is, with the same class accuracy the 1Ieß power of the respective converter type increased to about twice or the accuracy doubled with the same 11-1eß output.

Another advantage of the invention is. That security of the winding structure against crack dents and electrical surges will. With your new `, 'icklungsau.fbau is namely the capacity of the high voltage winding against the core the two to three times greater capacity of the two low-voltage windings electrically connected in parallel to each other. When impact loads occur therefore only flows through the relatively sensitive high-voltage @ vicl_lungcn about a quarter to a third of the total over the transformer or voltage converter flowing shock current meas. This eliminates the stress on the high-voltage windings considerably reduced.

Claims (3)

P.1 TE \ TA \ sl'fIt'C11E: 1. Winding arrangement for cascade-connected Transformers or converters, especially for high voltages where only three Windings, namely a high voltage, a low voltage and a coupling winding, are attached to a common core leg and the required insulation distances by from Isalier'ka, canals through which an insulating liquid flows achieved between the relevant, windings or between these and the iron core will. characterized in that in order to avoid concatenation of the leakage fluxes during the transformation of: the (or on the) winding of the largest AW number on the (or on the) winding of the) other two windings, the winding with the largest number of AWs between the two other windings is arranged. 2. Winding arrangement according to claim 1, da._ through characterized in that between: the winding of the greatest AW number and the coupling winding an additional insulation, which for the entire high voltage potential of the leg is sized, is arranged. 3. Coil arrangement according to claim 1 and 2, characterized characterized in that in the high-voltage winding the earth potential inside and the High-voltage potential is outside and the axial length of the winding layers in is known to increase to the outside. Publications considered: German Patent specification \? R. 58-124-1.