DE102012004002A1 - Vehicle with a high-temperature circuit, a low-temperature circuit, an air-conditioning refrigeration cycle and / or a waste heat recovery cycle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle having a high-temperature circuit, a low-temperature circuit (1), an air conditioning cooling circuit and / or a waste heat recovery circuit. According to the invention the air conditioning cooling circuit and / or the waste heat recovery circuit by means of a respective capacitor (2) thermally coupled to the low temperature circuit (1), wherein the condenser (2) with a in the low temperature circuit (1) circulating coolant (KM) is coolable.

Description

The invention relates to a vehicle having a high-temperature circuit, a low-temperature circuit, an air conditioning cooling circuit and / or a waste heat recovery circuit according to the preamble of claim 1.

The EP 1 407 906 B1 describes a heat regulation device for a motor vehicle interior, a first closed heat exchanger circuit in which circulates a cooling liquid and containing a heat engine to be cooled and an air-driven radiator, at least a second closed heat exchanger circuit in which circulates a refrigerant and a condenser, in direct or an indirect thermal connection with the first heat exchange circuit, a relaxation member, an air-driven evaporator, which is arranged in a ventilation line for cooling the interior space, and having a compressor, and a radiator, which is also arranged in the ventilation line, wherein the device also Having means for discharging the heat output radiated from the radiator or from the evaporator to the outside of the interior, when the radiator operates in the mode air-driven heat pump by calories a be taken from the first heat exchanger circuit, or when the evaporator generates calories within the second heat exchanger circuit, wherein the radiator is in thermal communication with the capacitor.

The invention has for its object to provide a comparison with the prior art improved vehicle with a high-temperature circuit, a low-temperature circuit, an air conditioning cooling circuit and / or a waste heat recovery circuit.

The object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

In the vehicle having a high-temperature circuit, a low-temperature circuit, an air conditioning cooling circuit and / or a waste heat recovery circuit, the air conditioning cooling circuit and / or the waste heat recovery circuit according to the invention thermally coupled by means of a capacitor thermally connected to the low-temperature circuit, the condenser with a circulating in the low-temperature circuit coolant is cooled.

Conventionally, the condenser is air-cooled and disposed in front of a low-temperature coolant radiator and a high-temperature coolant radiator in a front region of the vehicle in the direction of travel. As a result, a flow of low-temperature coolant coolers and high-temperature coolant coolers with airflow is reduced and their cooling performance is deteriorated.

By cooling the condenser in the low-temperature circuit with the coolant circulating there, such a conventional air-cooled condenser in the front of the vehicle is avoided, so that a flow of low-temperature coolant radiator and high-temperature coolant radiator with airstream and a resulting cooling capacity is significantly improved.

In an advantageous embodiment, a cooling surface of the low-temperature coolant radiator in the front region of the vehicle can be enlarged and / or a weaker low-temperature coolant pump can be used in the low-temperature cycle. As a result, a space and an energy consumption of the low-temperature coolant pump are reduced. Furthermore, a fan of the low-temperature coolant radiator can be operated at a reduced power due to the increased cooling surface and / or the improved throughflow with airstream.

Due to the omission of the conventional air-cooled condenser in the front region of the vehicle, a structural depth of the vehicle components arranged there, in particular of a cooler package, is significantly reduced, whereby a force absorption and an introduction of force into the vehicle are improved in the event of an impact.

The coolant-cooled condenser may be located closer to the remaining components of the air conditioning cooling circuit or the waste heat recovery circuit, so that a volume of refrigerant in these circuits and the resulting costs are reducible.

Furthermore, by means of a valve arrangement, a coolant flow through the condenser and a resulting cooling capacity can be controlled and / or regulated.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, a battery cooling circuit can be thermally coupled to the low-temperature circuit by means of the capacitor, so that a temperature control of a traction battery of the vehicle is possible.

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

Showing:

1 schematically a first embodiment of a low-temperature circuit with a capacitor,

2 schematically a second embodiment of a low-temperature circuit with a capacitor,

3 schematically a third embodiment of a low-temperature circuit with a capacitor,

4 schematically a fourth embodiment of a low-temperature circuit with a capacitor and a thermally coupled to the low-temperature circuit battery cooling circuit,

5 schematically a fifth embodiment of a low-temperature circuit with a condenser and a thermally coupled to the low-temperature circuit battery cooling circuit,

6 schematically a front portion of a vehicle according to the prior art, and

7 schematically a front portion of a vehicle according to the invention.

Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.

1 schematically shows a first embodiment of a low-temperature circuit 1 with a capacitor 2 , Such a low-temperature circuit 1 is arranged in a vehicle, not shown, which includes a conventional high-temperature circuit and a conventional air conditioning cooling circuit and / or a conventional waste heat recovery circuit.

The vehicle may be designed as a conventional combustion engine operated vehicle or as a hybrid vehicle.

Such a high-temperature circuit, not shown, is formed as a conventional engine cooling circuit for an internal combustion engine of the vehicle and includes at least a coolant pump, a bypass line, a high-temperature coolant radiator, a valve assembly and the internal combustion engine with the corresponding coolant channels, which are connected in a circuit. In the internal combustion engine may be a conventional diesel or gasoline engine or other internal combustion engine, for. B. a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle or commercial vehicle act.

In a first embodiment, high-temperature circuit and low-temperature circuit 1 be designed as a separate cooling circuit. In each of which a separate coolant KM circulates.

In an alternative embodiment, high-temperature circuit and low-temperature circuit 1 be at least partially fluidly coupled to each other such that a conventional coolant KM circulates in both circuits, Here, the low-temperature circuit 1 be designed as a permanently or if necessary switchable operated partial circuit of the high-temperature circuit.

The air conditioning cooling circuit not shown is designed as a conventional air conditioning cooling circuit for temperature control of a vehicle interior and includes the capacitor 2 , by means of which a working medium circulating in the air-conditioning cooling circuit AM can be cooled in a conventional manner.

The waste heat recovery circuit, not shown in detail, is designed as a conventional waste heat recovery cycle, for example as a so-called Rankine cycle, and comprises the condenser 2 by means of which circulating in the waste heat recovery circuit working fluid AM in a conventional manner can be cooled and / or condensed.

Such a conventional capacitor 2 is a device in which a vaporous working fluid AM is liquefied and thus condensed. Inside a capacitor 2 Thus, a transition of the working fluid AM from the gaseous to the liquid state of aggregation takes place.

According to the invention, the capacitor 2 in the low temperature circuit 1 arranged and thus of the low-temperature circuit 1 circulating coolant KM coolable. Thus, this becomes the capacitor 2 flowing through the working means AM of the air conditioning cooling circuit or the waste heat recovery circuit by means of the coolant KM of the low-temperature circuit 1 condensed.

The low temperature circuit 1 is essentially as a conventional low-temperature circuit 1 designed and includes at least one low-temperature coolant pump 3 , a low-temperature coolant cooler 4 and the vehicle components to be cooled, which are connected in a circuit.

These include those in the low-temperature cycle 1 arranged and cooled vehicle components each not shown coolant channels or corresponding heat exchanger and can in the low temperature circuit 1 be connected in series and / or in parallel.

The vehicle components can be used, for example, as electric drive components, generators, intercoolers 5 , Transmission oil cooler 6 and / or coolable ancillaries of the internal combustion engine, such as an alternator, be formed.

The electric drive components, for example, as a conventional traction battery 13 , Power electronics 11 , Electric motor, voltage transformer 18 and / or charge controller 19 be educated.

In the in 1 illustrated embodiment is the capacitor 2 in a first subsection 8th of the low temperature circuit 1 serial with the transmission oil cooler 6 interconnected, the capacitor 2 in the flow direction of the coolant KM in front of the transmission oil cooler 6 is arranged. In a second subsection 9 of the low temperature circuit 1 is the intercooler 5 arranged. The sections 8th . 9 are in the low temperature circuit 1 connected in parallel.

An inflow of coolant KM in the sections 8th . 9 is by means of a valve assembly 7 controllable and / or controllable. Here is the valve assembly 7 preferably as a conventional three-way valve, which at the junction between the sections 8th . 9 is arranged, formed.

The multi-way valve of the valve assembly 7 is designed as a control valve, in particular directly controlled valve, which is controllable by means of a control unit not shown in detail such that the flow rate of the coolant flow is individually adjustable.

By means of the reusable valve is a coolant flow in the low temperature circuit 1 , in particular through the subsections 8th . 9 and arranged in these vehicle components, individually, z. B. time-dependent, timed, pressure-dependent, z. B. depending on the refrigerant pressure or other values that are dependent on the refrigerant pressure, depending on temperature, for. B. depending on the coolant temperature, and / or event-dependent, for. B. operating point dependent, stepwise and / or steplessly controlled and / or regulated.

In an alternative embodiment, not shown, the valve assembly 7 in each case by a controllable and / or controllable throttle valve or shut-off valve in each of the sections 8th . 9 of the low temperature circuit 1 be formed.

By means of the valve arrangement 7 are thus a flow rate of the coolant KM through the condenser 2 and thus a resulting cooling capacity of the capacitor 2 adjustable.

By means of the valve arrangement 7 can the by means of the capacitor 2 from the low temperature circuit 1 removable cooling capacity for the condenser 2 be set variably and, for example, depending on the corresponding operating parameters, a cooling of the capacitor 2 admitted or blocked.

Such blockage of the coolant inflow may become necessary, for example, during a full-load operation of the vehicle, if other vehicle components have the maximum in the low-temperature circuit 1 need available cooling capacity. This occurs, for example, in an acceleration phase, in a trailer operation and / or when driving uphill.

When driving downhill and / or recuperation, the other vehicle components in the low-temperature circuit 1 conventionally cooled while excess cooling capacity of the low-temperature circuit 1 advantageously for subcooling of the capacitor 2 is being used.

2 schematically shows a second embodiment of a low-temperature circuit 1 with a capacitor 2 , This embodiment corresponds essentially to the embodiment according to 1 with the difference that the capacitor 2 alone in the first section 8th is arranged while transmission oil cooler 6 and intercooler 5 serial in the second subsection 9 are interconnected.

3 schematically shows a third embodiment of a low-temperature circuit 1 with a capacitor 2 , This embodiment corresponds essentially to the embodiment according to 1 with the difference that the low temperature circuit 1 with the sections connected in parallel 8th . 9 around one parallel to these sections 8th . 9 arranged third section 10 is extended.

Here are the first section 8th the transmission oil cooler 6 and the power electronics 11 arranged in the second subsection 9 the intercooler 5 and in the third section 10 the capacitor 2 ,

In the in 3 illustrated embodiment is the valve assembly 7 formed from two conventional three-way valves, which at the respective branches between the sections 8th . 9 . 10 are arranged.

Advantageously, the three-way valve of the valve assembly 7 , which the branch to the third section 10 with the capacitor 2 controls and / or controls, in the flow direction after the three-way valve of the valve assembly 7 , which the branch to the first section 8th with the transmission oil cooler 6 and the power electronics 11 controls and / or regulates, arranged so that first the flow rate of the coolant KM through the first section 8th adjustable and thus ensured. As a result, a cooling of the components in the first section 8th guaranteed in all operating conditions and in case of possible residual cooling capacity of the condenser 2 cooled. So advantageous are all temperature-sensitive components in the first section 8th to arrange their temperature range.

In an alternative embodiment, not shown, the valve assembly 7 be designed as a conventional four-way valve.

4 schematically shows a fourth embodiment of a low-temperature circuit 1 with a capacitor 2 , where the low-temperature circuit 1 thermally with a battery cooling circuit 12 is coupled.

The low temperature circuit 1 in 4 corresponds to the embodiment according to 3 ,

The battery cooling circuit 12 is as a conventional battery cooling circuit for controlling the temperature of a traction battery 13 and further electrical drive components. Such a battery cooling circuit 12 includes at least one coolant pump 14 , a valve assembly 15 , a chiller 16 , a battery coolant radiator 17 , a voltage converter 18 and / or a charge controller 19 , which are connected in a circuit.

These include those in the battery cooling circuit 12 arranged and to be cooled electric drive components respectively not shown coolant channels or corresponding heat exchanger and can in the battery cooling circuit 12 be connected in series and / or in parallel.

In the in 4 illustrated embodiment is the capacitor 2 in a first battery cooling circuit section 20 of the battery cooling circuit 12 serially with the traction battery (s) 13 interconnected, the capacitor 2 in the flow direction of the battery cooling circuit 12 circulating refrigerant KM1 in front of the traction batteries 13 is arranged. In a second battery cooling circuit section 21 of the battery cooling circuit 12 are the voltage transformer 18 and the charge controller 19 arranged serially. The battery cooling circuit sections 20 . 21 are in the battery cooling circuit 12 connected in parallel.

The thermal coupling between low-temperature circuit 1 and battery cooling circuit 12 takes place by means of the capacitor 2 , This is indicated by the capacitor 2 a first capacitor portion 22 for condensation and a second part of the condenser 23 for hypothermia of the capacitor 2 flowing through working medium AM. Both capacitor sections 22 . 23 are arranged in a common housing.

In the in 4 illustrated, preferred embodiment is the first capacitor portion 22 of the capacitor 2 in the low temperature circuit 1 disposed while the second capacitor portion 23 in the battery cooling circuit 12 is arranged. In the process, the capacitor subareas become 22 . 23 successively through the working means AM of the air conditioning cooling circuit or the waste heat recovery circuit flows through.

In an alternative embodiment, not shown, the capacitor 2 be formed as a chain of heat exchangers, wherein the thermal energy takes place from a first to a second and then from the second to a third working medium.

In the operation of the vehicle allows the thermal coupling of low-temperature circuit 1 and battery cooling circuit 12 a carryover of thermal energy from the low-temperature circuit 1 in the battery cooling circuit 12 during a starting phase, a preheating phase of the internal combustion engine or in preparation for driving with the electric machine, since thus the traction battery 13 in the battery cooling circuit 12 by the thermal energy from the low-temperature cycle 1 can be brought to operating temperature.

Because such heating of the traction battery 13 is only in the starting phase and in particular dependent on the outside temperature, is provided in an advantageous embodiment, not shown, a bypass line such in the battery cooling circuit 12 to arrange that by means of the bypass line, the capacitor 2 in the battery cooling circuit 12 can be coupled and disconnected either by the refrigerant KM1 of the battery cooling circuit 12 flows through or is not flowed through.

Furthermore, thermal energy from the battery cooling circuit 12 in the low temperature circuit 1 be transferred, so as to cool the traction battery 13 by means of the low-temperature circuit 1 to support.

5 schematically shows a fifth embodiment of a low-temperature circuit 1 with a capacitor 2 , where the low-temperature circuit 1 thermally with a battery cooling circuit 12 is coupled. This embodiment corresponds essentially to the embodiment according to 4 with the difference that the traction battery 13 alone in the first battery cooling circuit section 20 of the battery cooling circuit 12 is arranged while voltage converter 18 , Charge controller 19 and capacitor 2 serially in the second battery cooling circuit section 21 of the battery cooling circuit 12 are interconnected.

6 schematically shows a front area 24 a vehicle according to the prior art. In such a conventional front area 24 are successively a cross member in the direction of travel F of the vehicle 25 , a conventional air-cooled condenser 26 , the low-temperature coolant cooler 4 of the low temperature circuit 1 , a high-temperature coolant cooler 27 of the high-temperature circuit with fan arranged thereon 28 and air baffles 29 arranged. Below the cross member 25 is the battery coolant radiator 17 arranged. Behind the high-temperature coolant cooler 27 are a pile disc cooler 32 and the water-cooled intercooler 5 arranged.

7 schematically shows a front area 24 a vehicle according to the invention with a coolant-cooled condenser 2 , This embodiment corresponds essentially to the embodiment according to 6 with the difference that the conventional air-cooled condenser 26 deleted, so that in its place a battery coolant cooler 17 can be arranged, the effective cooling surface is so enlarged and its flow is improved with wind. The coolant-cooled condenser 2 does not have to be in the cooling airflow at the front area 24 be arranged.

As the coolant-cooled condenser 2 does not have to be cooled in the air stream of the wind, it can be arranged in alternative, not shown embodiments in niches or in isolated or partially encapsulated areas of the engine compartment of the vehicle. Here is an arrangement of the capacitor 2 in close proximity to the intercooler 5 advantageous because the capacitor 2 in the low temperature circuit 1 parallel to the intercooler 5 is interconnected and so the corresponding supply and discharge lines are simple and short form.

Thus, there is a flow of low-temperature coolant cooler 4 and high temperature coolant cooler 27 with airstream and a resulting cooling performance significantly improved.

Due to the omission of the conventional air-cooled condenser 26 in the front area 24 the vehicle is a depth of the vehicle components arranged there, in particular a cooler package, significantly reduced, whereby a power consumption and an introduction of force are improved in the vehicle in an impact event.

The coolant-cooled condenser 2 can be placed closer to the other components of the air conditioning refrigeration cycle or the waste heat recovery circuit, so that a volume of refrigerant in these circuits and the resulting box can be reduced.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Low-temperature circuit

2

capacitor

3

Low-temperature coolant pump

4

Low-temperature coolant radiator

5

Intercooler

6

Transmission oil cooler

7

valve assembly

8th

first section

9

second subsection

10

third section

11

power electronics

12

Battery cooling circuit

13

traction battery

14

Coolant pump

15

valve assembly

16

Chiller

17

Battery coolant cooler

18

DC converter

19

charge controller

20

first battery cooling circuit section

21

second battery cooling circuit section

22

first capacitor section

23

second capacitor section

24

front area

25

crossbeam

26

air-cooled condenser

27

High-temperature coolant radiator

28

Fan

29

Air baffle

32

The stacked-plate cooler

KM

coolant

KM1

refrigerant

AT THE

work equipment

F

direction of travel

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1407906 B1 [0002]

Claims (9)

Vehicle with a high-temperature cycle, a low-temperature cycle ( 1 ), an air conditioning cooling circuit and / or a waste heat recovery circuit, characterized in that the air conditioning cooling circuit and / or the waste heat recovery circuit by means of a respective capacitor ( 2 ) thermally with the low-temperature circuit ( 1 ), wherein the capacitor ( 2 ) with one in the low-temperature circuit ( 1 ) circulating coolant (KM) is coolable. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that a flow through the condenser ( 2 ) with coolant (KM) of the low-temperature circuit ( 1 ) by means of at least one valve arrangement ( 7 ) is taxable and / or regulated. Vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the capacitor ( 2 ) with the others in the low-temperature cycle ( 1 ) is connected in series and / or parallel coolable components. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-temperature circuit and the low-temperature circuit ( 1 ) are formed as separate cooling circuits. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the high-temperature circuit and the low-temperature circuit ( 1 ) are fluidically coupled and / or the low-temperature circuit ( 1 ) forms a partial circuit of the high-temperature circuit. Vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that the low temperature circuit ( 1 ) is designed as a permanently or, if necessary, switchable operated partial circuit of the high-temperature circuit. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the low-temperature circuit ( 1 ) a separate low-temperature coolant cooler ( 4 ) and a separate low-temperature coolant pump ( 3 ). Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by means of the capacitor ( 2 ) a battery cooling circuit ( 12 ) thermally with the low-temperature circuit ( 1 ) can be coupled. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the capacitor ( 2 ) a first capacitor portion ( 22 ) for condensation and a second capacitor portion ( 23 ) for subcooling the respective working fluid (AM) of air conditioning refrigeration cycle or waste heat recovery cycle.

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