DE102011076469A1 - Surface treatment device e.g. lacquering device, for e.g. painting surface of car body, has thermal power engine mechanically coupled with function unit, so that energy is mechanically transferred by thermal power engine to function unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (100) e.g. dip coating device (102), has a thermal power engine (112) served as an energy source (138), and a function unit (118) performing function of the device. The thermal power engine is mechanically coupled with the function unit, so that energy is mechanically transferred by the thermal power engine to the function unit. The function unit is formed as a ventilator for driving air flow as a pump (116) for driving service liquid (108), as a conveying device for conveying work-pieces, as a cleaning apparatus, a heating device (115) and/or a cooling device (117). The thermal power engine is supplied with fuel selected from oil, petroleum, natural gas, dump gas, sewer gas, methane, fermentation gas, hydrogen and/or a mixture of two fuels. An independent claim is also included for a method for operating a surface treatment device for treating a surface of a work-piece.

Description

The present invention relates to a surface treatment apparatus for treating a surface of a workpiece, which comprises a heat source as an energy source and at least one functional unit for performing a function of the surface treatment apparatus.

Surface treatment devices are, for example, painting devices for painting workpieces, for example vehicle bodies. Such surface treatment devices require many functional units in order to ensure the reliable function, such as a reliable, error-free painting of the vehicle bodies. In particular, this fans, cleaning devices, heaters, etc. are necessary.

The present invention has for its object to provide a surface treatment device of the type mentioned, which is particularly energy efficient operable.

This object is achieved in that the heat engine of the surface treatment device is mechanically coupled to at least one functional unit of the surface treatment device, so that energy from the heat engine to at least one functional unit is mechanically transferable.

Due to the fact that energy from the heat engine can be transferred mechanically to at least one functional unit, the mechanical energy generated during operation of the heat engine can be transmitted directly to the at least one functional unit of the surface treatment apparatus substantially without any conversion loss. This increases the energy efficiency of the heat engine and thus the entire surface treatment device.

In this description and the appended claims, a surface treatment device is to be understood in particular to mean a device by means of which a surface of a workpiece, for example a surface of a vehicle body, for example pretreated, coated, painted, waxed and / or dried. Such a treatment of the surface of the workpiece takes place in an operating mode of the surface treatment device designated as a treatment mode.

At least one functional unit mechanically coupled to the heat engine serves to perform a function of the surface treatment apparatus in the treatment operation, in a maintenance operation in which maintenance work is performed on the surface treatment apparatus, and / or in a standby operation of the surface treatment apparatus in which the surface treatment apparatus is ready to start the treatment operation is held.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that at least one functional unit mechanically coupled to the heat engine as a fan for driving an air flow, as a pump for driving a working fluid, as a conveying device for conveying workpieces, as a cleaning device, as a heating device and / or is formed as a cooling device.

A functional unit designed as a ventilator may in particular be used for aeration of pretreatment zones for the pretreatment of the workpiece, of cathodic dip painting zones (cathodic paint zones) for painting the workpieces, of paint booths (spray booths) for painting workpieces, of clean rooms, of dryers for drying the workpieces, of intermediate dryers, cooling zones, locks, work stations and / or a hall surrounding the surface treatment device. Furthermore, a functional unit designed as a fan can be used to drive an air flow in a cleaning device, for example an exhaust air cleaning device.

A functional unit embodied as a pump can be used, for example, for bath circulation of pretreatment baths, cathodic dip coating baths and / or rinsing baths. Furthermore, a functional unit embodied as a pump can be used to supply injection devices, in particular painting devices for fluid paint spraying (wet paint spraying), with fluid paint and / or for driving water in water treatment plants and / or wastewater treatment plants.

In contrast to the term "powder coating", the term "fluid paint" refers to a paint having a flowable consistency, from liquid to pasty (for example in the case of a PVC plastisol). The term "fluid paint" includes in particular the terms "liquid paint" and "wet paint".

The heat generated by the combustion of fuel in an energy conversion operation of the heat engine, that is, in an operation mode of the heat engine in which chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy and / or thermal energy (heat), preferably also becomes operational (Treatment operation) of the surface treatment device used. In particular, it can be provided that the heat is supplied to a surface treatment device designed as a production plant, in particular as a paint shop, in order to heat it to a desired temperature. The heat is then used in particular for heating pre-treatment baths. Furthermore, painting booths, in particular spray booths, for applying different layers, for example lacquer layers for seam sealing, layers for underbody protection, layers as fillers, topcoat layers or wax layers, can be heated by means of the heat originating from the heat engine.

Clean rooms and / or workplaces can also be heated by means of the heat produced in the energy conversion operation of the heat engine. Also, a hall surrounding the surface treatment apparatus can be heated by the heat generated in the energy conversion operation of the heat engine.

In particular, in a surface treatment device designed as a dryer for drying workpieces, the heat originating from the heat engine can be used. Such dryers are particularly suitable for drying coatings of the workpiece, for example, coatings for seam sealing, underbody protective layers, filler layers, topcoat layers or wax layers.

Refrigeration energy can also be required in surface treatment devices designed as production systems, in particular painting systems, which can be generated, for example, by means of mechanical energy via compression refrigerating machines and / or by means of mechanical energy and heat via absorption refrigerating machines. For this purpose, it may be provided that at least one functional unit designed as a compression refrigerating machine and / or at least one functional unit designed as an absorption refrigerating machine is mechanically and / or thermally coupled to the heat engine.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the surface treatment device comprises at least one power generating device for generating electricity, which is mechanically coupled to the heat engine. In this way, an excess of mechanical energy can be particularly easily converted into the power required for operation (treatment operation) of the surface treatment device.

The surface treatment device preferably comprises at least one electrolyzer device. By means of such an electrolysis device, electrical energy can be stored in a particularly simple manner, for example by splitting water.

It can be advantageous if the heat engine comprises a gas turbine and / or an internal combustion engine. A gas turbine can be designed in particular as a micro gas turbine. An internal combustion engine is in particular a gas engine, a gasoline engine or a diesel engine. By means of the heat engine chemical energy can be converted into mechanical and thermal energy (heat) in an energy conversion operation.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the heat engine and at least one functional unit of the surface treatment device for transmitting the mechanical energy have a common shaft and / or are mechanically coupled to one another via a transmission. In this way, a particularly simple and direct transmission of the mechanical energy from the heat engine to the at least one functional unit is possible.

In particular, it can be provided here that an output shaft of the heat engine is identical to a drive shaft of the at least one functional unit.

On the one hand, it may be provided that the surface treatment device comprises at least one heat transfer device for transferring heat, which arises in the energy conversion operation of the heat engine, to a heat storage device and / or to a region of the surface treatment device to be heated. In this way, heat can be stored particularly easily and / or transferred to a region to be heated.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the surface treatment device comprises at least one absorption chiller, by means of which the heat generated by the heat engine and / or mechanical energy can be used to generate cold.

For the transfer of heat, a heat transfer medium, in particular water, oil, polyolefins, etc., is preferably used.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the surface treatment device pretreated, for example primed, at least one pretreatment area in which the workpiece is pretreated, for example for preparing a painting process, at least one main treatment area in which the workpiece For example, is painted, and / or at least one aftertreatment area in which the workpiece is dried, reworked and / or controlled, for example, each comprising at least one of the heat engine mechanically coupled functional unit of the surface treatment device. In this way, the at least one pretreatment area, which particularly easily conditions at least one main treatment area and / or the at least one after-treatment area, for example, can be cooled, and / or flowed through with air.

Furthermore, it can be provided that at least one functional unit mechanically coupled to the heat engine enables heating of the at least one pretreatment area, of the at least one main treatment area and / or of the at least one post-treatment area.

Furthermore, it can be provided that at least one functional unit designed as a conveying device, which extends for conveying the workpieces through the at least one pretreatment area, the at least one main treatment area and / or the at least one post-treatment area, is mechanically coupled to the heat engine.

Preferably, each area of the surface treatment device, for example, the at least one pretreatment area, the at least one main treatment area and / or the at least one aftertreatment area, a separate heat engine assigned.

Alternatively or additionally, however, it can also be provided that at least two functional units, which are assigned to different areas of the surface treatment device, are mechanically coupled to the same heat engine.

It may be favorable if the surface treatment device comprises at least one treatment area, which is formed as a dipping area for immersing the workpiece to be treated in a fluid.

Furthermore, it may be favorable if the surface treatment device comprises at least one treatment area, which is designed as a paint booth for painting the workpiece to be treated.

The surface treatment device may preferably be associated with at least one clean room and / or at least one workstation area for personnel, wherein the at least one clean room and / or the at least one workstation area by means of the heat engine with mechanical, thermal and / or (in conjunction with a power generating device) electrical energy supplied can be. In particular, it can be provided that the clean room and / or the work area comprises at least one functional unit for performing a function of the clean room or the work area, which is mechanically coupled to the heat engine.

It may be favorable if the surface treatment device is arranged in a building, in particular in a hall, which can be heated, cooled, supplied with air, supplied with power and / or can be supplied with an operating fluid by means of at least one functional unit mechanically coupled to the heat engine.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of operating a surface treatment apparatus for treating a surface of a workpiece, which enables a particularly energy-efficient operation of the surface treatment apparatus.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that mechanical energy is generated by means of a heat engine serving as an energy source and at least a part of the mechanical energy is transmitted from the heat engine to at least one functional unit for performing a function of the surface treatment device by means of a mechanical coupling.

The method according to the invention preferably has the features and / or advantages described above in connection with the surface treatment device according to the invention.

In particular, it may be provided in the method according to the invention that the mechanical power of the heat engine and / or the heat output of the heat engine at least approximately over a (Energieumwandlungs-) operating time of the heat engine, in particular with a temporal power fluctuation of at most about 20%, in particular at most about 10th %, is kept constant.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that an excess of mechanical energy obtained during operation of the heat engine is converted into electricity by means of a power generation device. In this way, the surplus energy is particularly easy one be supplied and / or stored for other purposes.

It may be favorable if an excess of heat obtained during operation of the heat engine is stored by means of a heat storage device. In this way, the heat obtained during operation of the heat engine can be supplied to a consumer in a particularly simple manner at a later time.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the heat obtained during operation of the heat engine is not or not exclusively used for the operation of the surface treatment device, but is at least partially converted into electricity in an Organic Rankine Cycle process.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the heat obtained during operation of the heat engine is not or not exclusively used for the operation of the surface treatment device, but at least partially consumers of heat, which do not contribute to the function of the surface treatment device, such as spatially and functionally not with the surface treatment device related work areas or living spaces.

The mechanical power of the heat engine and / or the heat output of the heat engine are preferably adjusted to the demand for mechanical power and / or heat required for the (treatment) operation of the surface treatment device. An adaptation can be done by designing the power of the heat engine during their production and / or by controlling and / or regulating the instantaneous power of the heat engine by means of a control device in dependence on the current power requirement of the surface treatment device. Additional storage devices for storing the excess energy are thereby preferably dispensable.

As fuel, the heat engine is preferably supplied oil, petroleum, natural gas, landfill gas, sewage gas, mine gas, biogas, hydrogen and / or a mixture of two or more of said fuels.

As the oil, in particular, any type of petroleum derivative into consideration, such as gasoline, kerosene, heavy oil or diesel.

As fuel mixture for use in the heat engine is in particular a mixture of natural gas, landfill gas, sewage gas, mine gas and / or biogas and / or a fuel mixture of said gases with an admixture of about 1% to about 5% hydrogen (based on the total volume or Total mass).

Furthermore, the surface treatment device according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention may have the features and / or advantages described below:
By means of a heat engine serving as an energy source and at least one functional unit for performing a function of the surface treatment device, in particular a combined heat and power (CHP) can be realized, so that energy-efficient use of the fuels used to operate the heat engine is possible. By means of the cogeneration, in particular reliable operation of a surface treatment device in areas with frequent power failures is possible, since the thermal, mechanical and / or electrical energy required for operating the surface treatment device is preferably provided completely by means of the heat engine.

In particular, by means of a heat engine, the fuel energy supplied may be converted to about 40% mechanical energy and about 60% thermal energy.

The combined heat and power generation according to the invention advantageously minimizes losses in generators, line losses and / or losses of electric motors as well as radiation losses.

In particular, when the surface treatment device comprises a functional unit designed as a power generating device (generator), an excess of mechanical energy arising during operation of the heat engine can be used to generate additional power which can be consumed outside the surface treatment device or fed into the public power grid.

When designing a factory with a surface treatment device, it is preferable to ensure that an excess of mechanical energy is generated by means of the heat engine, since this can be particularly easily converted into electricity and supplied to other consumers.

In particular, when a supply of electricity in the public power grid is not desired, the electrical energy can be used by means of an electrolysis device for the production of gaseous hydrogen and thus stored.

Due to the direct use of the mechanical energy due to the mechanical coupling of the heat engine with the at least one functional unit of the surface treatment device, a particularly high overall efficiency of the (fuel) energy provided is possible, for example up to 90%.

A surface treatment device is, for example, a system for heating in particular metallic workpieces, in particular vehicle bodies, with a cabin (painting booth), with a heating device for heating supply air for the cabin, and with a functional unit designed as a consumer of mechanical energy.

In the EP 1 302 737 B1 a painting or coating system for motor vehicle bodies is described, which contains a dryer module with a Aufheizkabine for drying freshly painted or coated vehicle bodies. For this purpose, hot air can be circulated in the dryer module by means of a blower. The circulated hot air is heated in a heat exchanger.

In order to ensure a reliable operation of industrial plants and production lines, in particular in the automotive production, provided therein controls and drives must be continuously supplied with electrical energy. U. a. In the so-called developing and emerging countries this is not guaranteed without further ado. There is sometimes a failure of utilities or distribution networks for electrical energy. Here are therefore provided in the power supply facilities of production facilities emergency generators or systems for storing electrical energy, so that even with a breakdown of the mains voltage of the production operation can be maintained.

Advantageously, a system for heating components can also be operated reliably and inexpensively even if the system is temporarily disconnected from a public power supply network and / or an overall efficiency of the system can be increased or optimized.

In the system of the type mentioned, the heater includes at least one of the hot exhaust gas of a heat engine, in particular a gas engine or gas turbine, acted upon heat exchanger to extract the hot exhaust gas for heating supply air for the cabin to a drying temperature heat, wherein the heat engine with the motion is coupled to the consumer to transfer mechanical energy from the heat engine to the consumer.

The enthalpy of the exhaust gas of a heat engine, in particular an internal combustion engine for the exothermic combustion of a gas-air mixture, which is designed to drive an electric generator with a few megawatts of power, has a considerable amount of heat in the exhaust gas. The heat output of said heat engine is preferably set to a value between 1 MW and 8 MW during rated operation, while the installed electric power of the electric generator (or another load) is set to approximately 2 MW to 10 MW. The said heat output is preferably used for heating 1500 kg steel from ambient temperature to a processing or treatment temperature in the range between 130 ° C and 200 ° C. The said mass of steel corresponds, for example, to a number of about thirty motor vehicle bodies made of sheet steel, each weighing about 500 kg. At a cycle time of about thirty units per hour, the motor vehicle bodies can be heated to a (drying) temperature in the range between 130 ° C and 200 ° C using the heat capacity in a cabin, which can be taken from the exhaust gas.

For the drying of said vehicle bodies a gross heat output is maintained, which is preferably between about 3.6 MW and 6 MW and is transmitted to the bodies with a total efficiency of about 0.05 to 0.1.

Against this background, there is an idea to use as a heater for hot air in a system for drying and / or tempering of metallic workpieces, in particular bodies, a heat engine, preferably a heat engine in the form of a gas engine or a gas turbine. The gas engine is preferably operated with a homogeneous gaseous fuel gas / air mixture, the fuel gas being gaseous hydrocarbons (eg methane, butane, natural gas, etc.), especially at standard conditions, which are mixed with fresh air in an optimum ratio. Alternatively, hydrocarbon-containing exhaust gases are withdrawn from corresponding sources of a production plant and enriched with fresh air and / or fuel gas, so as to realize a desired mixture preparation. Furthermore, a gas engine is designed in particular as a four-stroke or two-stroke engine, wherein the combustion process in the engine according to the Otto process, the diesel process or the Seiliger process can be designed. In a similar way, a gas turbine can be operated.

Namely, with the electric power provided by the electric generator, the electric consumers can be laid out in a body of about 30 bodies Drying system can be reliably operated, z. B. drives of conveyors and blowers, but also electrical controls. It can be particularly useful that when bodies are moved through the system with low cycle time, correspondingly less electrical power for the consumers must be maintained in the system. The system for drying thus enables the drying of vehicle bodies with extremely high energy efficiency. In addition, with the generator of the system and other electrical loads in a production operation can be supplied with electrical energy, such. B. controls and drives in a painting or coating system.

A particularly efficient transfer of heat from the exhaust gas of the gas turbine to hot air for the cabin is possible by the heat exchanger is connected to at least one heat transfer fluid circuit in which there is at least one further heat exchanger for heating supply air for the dryer.

Preferably, the heat transfer fluid circuit includes a heater and / or a heat storage for the heating of heat transfer fluid in a start-up phase of the gas turbine. This allows a quick start-up of the system. In the heat transfer fluid circuit according to the invention in particular water, a salt solution or a thermal oil is circulated, wherein the heat transfer fluid can be used in each case at least as a short-term effective heat storage medium. For example, aqueous solutions of potassium carbonate or calcium chloride or diesel, rapeseed or silicone oils (for example polymeric phenylsiloxanes) are preferred.

It is also advantageous if the heat exchanger is additionally connected to a further heat transfer fluid circuit in order to supply heat to at least one heat consumer operating in a low-temperature range. This further heat transfer fluid circuit is preferably carried out as a water cycle, brine circuit or thermal oil circuit. In an optimized embodiment, the (first) heat carrier fluid circuit and the second heat carrier fluid circuit have different heat transfer fluids adapted to the respective conditions. This makes a particularly energy-efficient plant operation possible. It is also favorable for the energy balance of the system if it has a heat transfer fluid circuit with a heat exchanger for heating fresh air supplied by the dryer cubicle.

In a system, the heat of the hot exhaust gas of the heat engine in particular can be withdrawn directly in a heat exchanger, the supply air of the z. B. as a dryer cabin formed cabin and feeds the cabin without further treatment. It is advantageous in this case to provide a plurality of heat exchangers, which are flowed through in the manner of a cascade of the hot exhaust gas of the heat engine and transmit the heat to the supply air of the cabin. Moreover, the exhaust gas of the heat engine flowing through the heat exchangers can also be led to one or more further heat exchangers for the heating of fresh air supplied to the cabin. With the heat from the exhaust gas of the gas turbine, heat consumers operating in a low-temperature range can be supplied with heat. For this purpose, the exhaust gas of the gas turbine is guided to one or more further heat exchangers for transferring the heat of the exhaust gas to a heat transfer fluid circuit, for. B. on a heat transfer fluid circuit with water as the heat transfer fluid. In order to ensure a sufficient flow of exhaust gas here, it is advantageous if the at least one further heat exchanger, the exhaust gas of the heat engine is supplied by a blower.

Environmentally friendly and at the same time energy-efficient plant operation can be achieved by connecting the cabin to a purification reactor for the thermal regenerative oxidation of solvent-containing exhaust air. The cleaning reactor receives the exhaust air via an exhaust duct from the cabin. At the same time, the purification reactor is connected to a heat exchanger for the transfer of heat to a heat carrier fluid circuit which is preferably designed as a hot water ice run. One or more heat consumers operating in a low-temperature range can then be supplied with heat via this heat transfer fluid circuit, for example one or more heat exchangers for heating fresh air supplied from the cabin.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the system there is a heat of the exhaust gas of the heat engine receiving heat storage. Preferably, this heat accumulator is arranged in a bypass line, which bypasses a line section for the supply of exhaust gas to a heat exchanger in the system. In addition, it is convenient to assign the generator in the system a buffer memory (accumulator o. Ä.) For the buffering of electrical energy. Then, in particular, controllers and drives of the system can be supplied with power without simultaneous heating of hot air for the dryer cubicle.

By the heat engine, a solvent-containing, enriched with hydrocarbons exhaust air from the cabin is supplied as fuel gas, this exhaust air can be disposed of by burning and at the same time used for energy production. In principle, the heat engine can also be used with exhaust air from a painting station be operated in a paint shop. The system for heating may in particular also contain a plurality of decentralized heat engines that drive one or more consumers of mechanical energy, such as. As blowers, generators or compressors. The system according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in a paint shop for motor vehicles or motor vehicle parts.

Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawings of exemplary embodiments.

In the figures show:

1 a schematic representation of a trained as Tauchlackieranlage first embodiment of a surface treatment apparatus in which a heat engine is mechanically coupled to a trained as a pump function unit;

2 a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a trained as Tauchlackieranlage surface treatment apparatus in which a heat engine is mechanically coupled with a plurality of functional units designed as a pump;

3 a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a surface treatment apparatus, which comprises a painting booth, wherein a trained as a fan functional unit is mechanically coupled to a heat engine;

4 a schematic representation of a fourth embodiment of a surface treatment apparatus, which comprises a painting booth, wherein a heat engine with two functional units designed as fans is mechanically coupled;

5 a schematic representation of a fifth embodiment of a surface treatment device, which is designed as a drying device for drying workpieces and a plurality of heat engines, each with a mechanically coupled thereto, designed as a fan functional unit comprises;

6 a schematic representation of a sixth embodiment of a surface treatment apparatus, which is designed as a dryer for drying workpieces and having a heat engine, which is mechanically coupled to a plurality of functional units designed as fans;

7 a first system for drying vehicle bodies with a heat engine;

8th a second system for drying vehicle bodies;

9 a heat engine with a generator and a power and heat storage in a plant for drying vehicle bodies;

10 a paint shop with a system for drying vehicle bodies; and

11 another plant for drying vehicle bodies, which contains several heat engines.

Identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures.

An in 1 shown as a whole with 100 designated surface treatment device is, for example, as a Tauchlackieranlage 102 for painting workpieces 104 , For example, of vehicle bodies trained.

The dip painting facility 102 includes a dip tank 106 , which with a working fluid 108 the surface treatment device 100 , For example, a treatment fluid 110 the dip painting facility 102 , is filled.

The dip painting facility 102 is for example a pretreatment plant for the pretreatment of workpieces 104 or a cathodic dip painting system (KTL system) for applying paint to the workpieces 104 ,

For optimum operation of the dip painting system 102 must be the treatment fluid 110 have a certain temperature, in particular it must be heated or cooled to a certain temperature.

The as Tauchlackieranlage 102 trained surface treatment device 100 includes a heat engine for this purpose 112 , one a heater 115 forming heat transfer device 114 and one as a pump 116 trained functional unit 118 the surface treatment device 100 ,

With suitable additional components (for example, a refrigeration compressor), the heat transfer device 114 but alternatively as a cooling device 117 serve.

The heat engine 112 is about a common wave 120 which is a mechanical coupling 122 represents, mechanically with the pump 116 trained functional unit 118 coupled, so that mechanical energy from the heat engine 112 essentially lossless on the as a pump 116 trained functional unit 118 can be transferred.

In addition to this, a transmission 123 be provided to a desired speed difference between a shaft of the heat engine 112 and a wave of the functional unit 118 to be able to adjust.

The from the heat engine 112 on the as a pump 116 trained functional unit 118 transmitted mechanical energy is used to drive a liquid, in the present case the operating fluid 108 , in particular of the treatment fluid 110 the dip painting facility 102 , used.

By means of the pump 116 can treatment fluid 110 from the plunge pool 106 the dip painting facility 102 taken by the heat transfer device 114 passed and finally back to the plunge pool 106 the dip painting facility 102 be supplied.

These are the plunge pool 106 , the pump 116 and the heat transfer device 114 with treatment fluid lines 124 connected with each other.

The heat engine 112 is also by means of heat transfer fluid lines 126 with the heat transfer device 114 connected, so that a heat transfer fluid from the heat engine 112 to the heat transfer device 114 and back promoted.

By means of the heat transfer device 114 For example, the heat contained in the heat transfer fluid may be applied to that in the treatment fluid conduits 124 guided treatment fluid 110 transferred and so to heat the in the plunge pool 106 arranged treatment fluids 110 be used.

In particular, when the heat engine 112 produces more heat than to heat the dip tank 106 is necessary, it can be provided that the heat transfer fluid lines 126 with branches 128 are provided so that not only the heat transfer device 114 but, in particular optionally, also a heat storage device 130 for storing heat in the heat engine 112 resulting heat can be supplied.

The heat engine 112 is for example as a gas turbine 132 (or as an internal combustion engine 133 ) and includes an oxidizer supply device 134 for supplying oxidizer, in particular air, to a (not shown) combustion chamber of the gas turbine 132 and further, a fuel supply device 136 for supplying fuel, in particular natural gas or oil, to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine 132 ,

By burning the fuel by means of the gas turbine 132 can the energy stored in the fuel by means of the heat engine 112 be converted, so that the heat engine 112 as an energy source 138 for the surface treatment device 100 serves.

In particular, when the heat engine 112 produces more mechanical energy than for the operation of the pump 116 trained functional unit 118 is necessary, it can be provided that the heat engine 112 mechanically with a power generating device 140 trained functional unit 118 is coupled. In particular, it can be provided that the power generating device 140 , the pump 116 and the heat engine 112 the common wave 120 use for common mechanical coupling.

By means of the power generation device 140 can that from the heat engine 112 generated mechanical energy can be converted into electricity.

In case of failure or defect of the heat engine 112 can the power generation device 140 also as replacement drive of the pump 116 be used.

The means of the power generating device 140 Power generated can be other functional units 118 the surface treatment device 100 , which are powered by electricity, are supplied.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the surface treatment device 100 an electrolysis device 142 which is for storing by means of the power generating device 140 generated stream in the form of gaseous hydrogen can be used.

The surface treatment device described above 100 works as follows:
By means of as an energy source 138 for the surface treatment device 100 serving heat engine 112 Energy stored in a fuel is converted into thermal and mechanical energy.

The thermal energy is transmitted via heat transfer fluid via heat transfer fluid lines 126 a heat transfer device 114 fed. The operation of the heat engine 112 generated thermal energy (heat) can be used to heat a working fluid 108 the surface treatment device 100 be used.

Alternatively or additionally, during operation of the heat engine 112 generated heat by means of a heat storage device 130 get saved.

The operation of the heat engine 112 generated mechanical energy is generated by means of the common shaft 120 on the power generating device 140 and the pump 116 transfer.

The mechanical energy is then supplied by the power generation device 140 used to generate electricity.

The generated power can then in particular by means of the electrolyzer 142 stored in the form of gaseous hydrogen and for later use, for example, for combustion by means of the heat engine 112 , get saved.

The pump 116 uses the heat from the engine 112 generated mechanical energy for driving the working fluid 108 , in particular present for the removal of treatment fluid 110 from the plunge pool 106 the dip painting facility 102 for supplying the treatment fluid 110 to the heat transfer device 114 and finally returning the treatment fluid 110 to the plunge pool 106 , Due to the passage of the treatment fluid 110 through the heat transfer device 114 can the treatment fluid 110 in the heat engine 112 resulting heat to be at least partially supplied, so that in this way in the plunge pool 106 arranged treatment fluid 110 can be heated.

The treatment fluid thus brought to a certain temperature 110 can then when dipping the workpiece 104 into the treatment fluid 110 for treating the workpiece 104 be used.

An in 2 illustrated second embodiment of a surface treatment device 100 is different from the one in 1 illustrated first embodiment essentially in that several plunge pools 106 a dip painting plant 102 are provided and that several as pumps 116 trained functional units 118 by means of a common wave 120 with the heat engine 112 mechanically coupled.

In the 2 shown as Tauchlackieranlage 102 trained surface treatment device 100 includes three plunge pools 106 which different treatment areas 144 the surface treatment device 100 form.

A first plunge pool 106 forms, for example, a pretreatment area 146 , A second plunge pool 106 forms, for example, a main treatment area 148 , A third plunge pool 106 forms, for example, an aftertreatment area 150 ,

In the pretreatment area 146 can be a workpiece 104 pretreated, for example, primed.

In the main treatment area 148 becomes the workpiece 104 preferably painted.

The post-treatment area 150 serves for the aftertreatment of the workpiece 104 For example, the sealing of the surface of the workpiece 104 ,

At the in 2 illustrated embodiment of the surface treatment device 100 are three as pumps 116 trained functional units 118 provided for the treatment fluid 110 from the respective plunge pool 106 each of a heat transfer device 114 supply.

The heat transfer devices 114 stand by means of heat transfer fluid lines 126 with the heat engine 112 in fluid communication so that by means of the pumps 116 through the heat transfer devices 114 pumped treatment fluid 110 in the heat engine 112 can absorb heat generated and so in the plunge pool 106 arranged treatment fluid 110 can be heated.

Another as a pump 116 trained functional unit 118 forms at the in 2 illustrated embodiment of the surface treatment device 100 a spray device 152 ,

The sprayer 152 includes a splash ring 154 which is between the main treatment area 148 and the post-treatment area 150 is arranged and which the spraying of the workpieces 104 above the main treatment area 148 with treatment fluid 110 from the second plunge pool 106 serves.

The throwing ring 154 has for this purpose a plurality of nozzles 156 on, by which the means of the pump 116 trained functional unit 118 the sprayer 152 promoted treatment fluid 110 from the second plunge pool 106 on the workpieces 104 is deliverable.

As in 2 further indicated by a dashed line, the second embodiment of the surface treatment device 100 also other plunge pools 106 and thus further treatment areas 144 which then serve as further aftertreatment areas 150 to the illustrated aftertreatment area 150 adjoin.

Alternatively or in addition to this, however, also several pretreatment areas 146 and / or several main treatment areas 148 be provided.

Incidentally, the in 2 illustrated second embodiment of the surface treatment device 100 in terms of structure and function with the in 1 illustrated first embodiment, so that reference is made to the above description in this respect.

An in 3 illustrated third embodiment of a surface treatment device 100 is as a paint shop 158 formed and includes as such a paint booth 160 which is a treatment area 144 the surface treatment device 100 represents and in which a example as a vehicle body 162 trained workpiece 104 by means of (not shown) painting robots can be painted.

The workpieces 104 are for this purpose by means of a conveyor 164 in a conveying direction 184 through the paint booth 160 conveyed.

The paint shop 158 further includes an over the paint booth 160 arranged plenum 166 through which the treatment area 144 that is the paint booth 160 the paint shop 158 , Air is supplied.

Under the paint booth 160 is one as a separator 168 the paint shop 158 trained cleaning device 167 arranged, by means of which in Lackierbetrieb the paint shop 158 arising fluid paint overspray from the through the spray booth 160 carried out air can be separated.

The paint shop 158 further comprises a heat engine 112 , which according to the embodiments of the surface treatment device described above 100 for example as a gas turbine 132 or gas engine is formed.

The by means of the heat engine 112 generated mechanical energy is at the in 3 illustrated embodiment of the surface treatment device 100 by means of the common shaft 120 on one as a fan 170 trained functional unit 118 the surface treatment device 100 transferred and thus to drive an air flow through the paint shop 158 used.

Further, in the heat engine 112 resulting heat for heating by the paint shop 158 used to be carried out air. For this purpose, a heat transfer device 114 provided by means of heat transfer fluid lines 126 with the heat engine 112 connected is.

Via an air supply line 172 the paint shop 158 can by means of the fan 170 Fresh air to be sucked, which in the heat transfer device 114 heatable and through the plenum 166 the paint booth 160 can be fed.

After flowing through the separator 168 for cleaning the through the spray booth 160 guided air, which in the (paint) operation of the paint shop 158 contaminated with fluid paint overspray, the air is via an exhaust duct 174 the paint shop 158 dissipated.

In the 3 shown, as a paint shop 158 trained surface treatment device 100 works as follows:
About the oxidizer supply device 134 becomes the gas turbine 132 trained heat engine 112 Oxidizer supplied. About the fuel supply device 136 becomes the gas turbine 132 Fuel supplied.

By means of as a gas turbine 132 trained heat engine 112 The energy stored in the fuel is converted into mechanical energy and heat.

The mechanical energy is transmitted through the common shaft 120 on the fan 170 transfer.

The heat is transferred by means of the heat transfer device 114 on the painting booth 160 the paint shop 158 transferred air to be supplied.

The entire air supply of the paint shop 158 is thus preferably exclusively by means of energy from the heat engine 112 operated. This is an energy-efficient operation of the paint shop 158 possible.

Incidentally, the in 3 illustrated third embodiment in terms of structure and function with in 1 illustrated first embodiment, so that reference is made to the above description in this respect.

An in 4 illustrated fourth embodiment of the surface treatment device 100 is different from the one in 3 illustrated third embodiment essentially in that the through the paint booth 160 guided air optionally completely or at least partially by means of a circulating air guiding device 176 can be reused.

The paint shop 158 according to the fourth embodiment of the surface treatment device 100 this includes another as a fan 170 trained functional unit 118 that on the common shaft 120 arranged and thus together with the fan 170 for supplying fresh air to the plenum 166 from the heat engine 112 is drivable.

According to the heat transfer device 114 for transferring heat or cold converted from the heat engine 112 to the plenary 166 fresh air to be supplied is also for the heating or cooling in the circulating air guide device 176 guided air a heat transfer device 114 intended.

In the 4 illustrated fourth embodiment of the surface treatment device 100 works as follows:
The through the treatment area 144 the surface treatment device 100 guided air is by means of the separator 168 the paint shop 158 cleaned and then at least not completely on the exhaust pipe 174 discharged, but rather via a recirculation line 178 the circulating air guiding device 176 by means of a fan 170 the circulating air guiding device 176 a heat transfer device 114 the circulating air guiding device 176 and finally the plenary again 166 the paint shop 158 fed.

In this way, a reuse of the by the spray booth 160 guided air and thus a particularly energy-efficient operation of the paint shop 158 trained surface treatment device 100 be enabled.

Incidentally, the in 4 illustrated fourth embodiment of the surface treatment device 100 in terms of structure and function with the in 3 illustrated third embodiment, so that reference is made to the above description thereof in this regard.

An in 5 illustrated fifth embodiment of a surface treatment device 100 is as a dryer 180 for drying workpieces 104 , in particular of vehicle bodies 162 , educated.

The dryer 180 includes an elongated drying tunnel 182 which extends over the entire length of the dryer tunnel 182 extending conveyor 164 is provided.

By means of the conveyor 164 can the workpieces 104 in the conveying direction 184 through the dryer tunnel 182 be encouraged.

The workpieces 104 are going through different treatment areas 144 as a dryer 180 trained surface treatment device 100 led, with each treatment area 144 with heated air to dry the workpiece 104 is supplied.

Every treatment area 144 is a heat engine 112 , a heat transfer device 114 and one as a fan 170 trained functional unit 118 assigned, wherein by means of the heat engine 112 mechanical energy on the fan 170 trained functional unit 118 is transferable and by means of the fan 170 driven air by means of the heat transfer device 114 is heated.

The combination of a heat transfer device 114 , one as a fan 170 trained functional unit 118 and preferably also a heat engine 112 For example, as a module 186 be educated.

At the in 5 illustrated fifth embodiment are two modules 186 provided, each module 186 a heat engine 112 , For example, a gas turbine 132 or a gas engine.

Furthermore, the in 5 illustrated surface treatment device 100 an exhaust duct 174 for discharging, for example, with solvents, which during drying of the workpieces 104 evaporate, laden air.

Since the means of the exhaust duct 174 from the treatment areas 144 Exhausted air may contain volatile, flammable substances, includes the dryer 180 as an exhaust air purification device 188 trained cleaning device 167 which, for example, a regenerative thermal Includes oxidizing and by means of which the pollutants contained in the air to be discharged can be oxidized and thus rendered harmless.

Furthermore, the in 5 pictured as a dryer 180 trained surface treatment device 100 optionally another air line 190 , by means of which from the treatment areas 144 originating, loaded with solvents exhaust air, for example, as a gas turbine 132 trained heat engine 112 can be fed. In this way, the pollutants contained in the exhaust air can also be made harmless. A separate exhaust air purification device 188 is then preferably unnecessary.

Finally, the exhaust duct 174 with a heat transfer device 114 be provided to the in the exhaust air from the treatment areas 144 contained heat, for example, to fresh air for the supply to the treatment areas 144 to be able to transfer.

Incidentally, the in 5 illustrated fifth embodiment of the surface treatment device 100 in terms of structure and function with the in 4 illustrated fourth embodiment, so that reference is made to the above description in this respect.

An in 6 illustrated sixth embodiment of a surface treatment device 100 is different from the one in 5 illustrated fifth embodiment essentially in that the modules 186 only one heat transfer device each 114 and one as a fan 170 trained functional unit 118 exhibit.

All as fans 170 trained functional units 118 are here by means of a common wave 120 mechanically with a single heat engine 112 for all modules 186 coupled.

Furthermore, all heat transfer devices are also 114 by means of heat transfer fluid lines 126 with the only heat engine 112 thermally coupled.

Incidentally, the in 6 illustrated sixth embodiment of the surface treatment device 100 in terms of structure and function with the in 5 illustrated embodiment, so that reference is made to the above description in this respect.

Due to the fact that in the described embodiments of surface treatment devices 100 in each case at least one functional unit 118 mechanically with the heat engine 112 is coupled, is mechanical energy from the heat engine 112 especially easy on the at least one functional unit 118 mechanically transferable, so that energy-efficient operation of the surface treatment device 100 is possible.

The described embodiments of surface treatment devices 100 are not to be seen exclusively as separate devices. Rather, any combinations of the described surface treatment devices 100 be formed. For example, it can be provided that a surface treatment device 100 a dip painting facility 102 , a (spray) painting plant 158 and / or a dryer 180 including the corresponding functional units 118 and for operating the same required heat engines 112 includes.

In the 7 shown as an attachment 1 Surface treatment device designed for drying workpieces 100 is especially for vehicle bodies 3 (or parts thereof) and has a dryer tunnel 5 or dryer cabin trained cabin. The dryer tunnel 5 has a significant heat demand, so that the dryer tunnel sensitive heat from the outside must be supplied to a certain, compared to environmental conditions significantly elevated temperature level. By way of example, a system for drying motor vehicle bodies is described. In modified embodiments, a system for tempering, drying, curing and / or irradiation, but in particular for heating larger metal components, is provided. As components in addition to motor vehicle bodies (or parts thereof) other large-volume systems with relatively large heat capacity in question, which are subjected to a treatment, which has an increased heat demand. Accordingly, the so-called dryer, the so-called dryer cabin or the dryer tunnel can take over any tasks with heat demand.

Through the dryer tunnel 5 can the vehicle bodies 3 on skids 7 are mounted by means of a conveyor 9 to be moved. This mechanical energy is consumed. The conveyor 9 has an electric drive 10 , The drive 10 is an electrical energy consumer in the plant 1 , The dryer tunnel 5 has an entrance lock 11 and an exit lock 13 , The dryer tunnel 5 includes a drying section 15 that is between the entrance lock 11 and the exit lock 13 lies. The drying section 15 is preferably designed to have about fifteen therein vehicle bodies freshly coated with a paint and / or a solvent-containing substrate 3 can be dried more or less at the same time. For this purpose, the drying section 15 z. B. with the length L = 40 m, a clear width b with 1.40 m <b <1.60 m and a clear height h with 2.60 m <h <2.00 m designed. In a particularly preferred embodiment results in a pitch of 5.2 m, thirty units per hour and 0.5 hr. Dwell a tunnel length of 78 m (width b outside: 3 m to 4.6 m, height h outside: 2.8 m to 3.3 m).

To dry a vehicle body freshly coated with a varnish and / or a substrate, depending on the type of varnish or substrate, it must last for about 30 minutes at a temperature T ranging between 130 ° C <T <200 ° C is usually in a temperature range between 140 ° C <T <175 ° C, dried. The drying temperature for a cathodic dip coating is z. B. 180 ° C, for a filler coating 160 ° C and for thick paint 140 ° C. The amount of heat required for drying a vehicle body is determined by the amount of heat that must be entered into the steel sheet of a vehicle body during a heating time of 15 minutes, so that it heats up to the drying temperature. Since the weight of the steel sheet processed in a vehicle body is usually on the order of 500 kg, a quantity of heat amounting to about 36 MJ is needed to dry the paint or substrate on a freshly coated vehicle body. For drying and / or crosslinking for common coatings, a period of 15 minutes residence at drying temperature T is preferably provided subsequent to the mentioned heating time.

In the entrance lock 11 and the exit lock 13 become the vehicle bodies 3 moved through a gas atmosphere containing heated fresh air. In contrast, the vehicle bodies are 3 in the drying section 15 the dryer tunnel 5 in a hot air atmosphere with circulated hot air. The temperature of the hot air corresponds here to the required drying temperature for paint and / or substrate to a vehicle body 3 , To achieve a uniform drying temperature for the paint or substrate on the surface of a vehicle body 3 To ensure the hot air atmosphere in the dryer tunnel 5 circulated with a defined flow. For this the drying tunnel has 5 Inlet and outlet openings 16 . 17 for supply air in the form of hot air, with a heat exchanger 19 are connected. The inlet openings 16 In the dryer tunnel are preferably designed with nozzles in a heating. Further preferably, inlet openings without nozzles are provided in a subsequent holding area.

The heat exchanger 19 is a fan 21 associated, the cooled hot air through one or more outlet openings 17 through the heat exchanger 21 sucks and over one or more nozzles 16 in the dryer tunnel 5 again the drying tunnel 5 supplies. The heat exchanger 19 is to the exhaust pipe 23 a heat engine 25 connected. The heat engine 25 is a gas turbine, z. B. the gas turbine type SGT-400 from Siemens or the gas turbine type LM 1600 from General Electric. Instead of a gas turbine, however, it is also possible in the plant 1 Gas engines or another internal combustion engine to use. For use in the plant 1 are suitable for. As well as the gas engines of the type J616 GS of the series 6 from Jenbacher Gasmotoren.

The heat engine 25 burns a fuel gas, which you over a line 47 is supplied. The resulting exhaust gas of the heat engine 25 is at a temperature TEG, which is between 300 ° C and 600 ° C, and a mass flow IMEG, with 17 kg / s <IMEG <21 kg / s in the exhaust pipe 23 flowed. To ensure a good flow behavior for the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 23 to ensure is the exhaust pipe 23 preferably designed as a hot tube with a pipe diameter of nominal size DN 800.

In the heat exchanger 19 Heat from the exhaust gas of the heat engine 25 to the means of the blower 21 through the heat exchanger 19 moving hot air for the dryer tunnel 5 issued. From the heat exchanger 19 becomes the exhaust gas of the heat engine 25 to a corresponding to the heat exchanger 19 trained further heat exchanger 27 guided. In the heat exchanger 27 is also by means of a blower 29 in the drying section of the dryer tunnel 5 circulated hot air heated to a drying temperature.

It is of course possible for heating in the dryer tunnel 5 circulated hot air to provide a plurality of heat exchangers, through the exhaust gas from the heat engine 25 to be led.

From the heat exchanger 27 enters the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 25 to a heat exchanger 31 for fresh air. Through this heat exchanger 31 is about a blower 33 Fresh air sucked. This heated fresh air is to the entrance lock 11 and to the exit lock 13 led the dryer tunnel. Output side of the heat exchanger 31 There is another blower for fresh air 35 , With this blower, the already cooled exhaust gas of the heat engine 25 with pressure in a hot gas line 37 in one as waste heat boiler 39 blown trained heat exchanger. In this waste heat boiler 39 Then the residual heat of the exhaust gas to a hot water cycle 41 issued. The hot water cycle 41 serves to provide additional heat consumers with heat, such as a so-called pre-treatment station in a paint shop, a heating system for a hall with workstations or a heating system for supply and exhaust air.

To a favorable flow of the exhaust gas of the heat engine 25 through the waste heat boiler 39 To ensure this is a fireplace 43 assigned. Through the fireplace 43 becomes the cooled exhaust gas of the heat engine 25 released to the environment.

The dryer tunnel 5 is via an exhaust air line 52 with a purification reactor 54 for the thermally regenerative oxidation of solvent-containing dryer exhaust air from the dryer tunnel 5 connected. In this cleaning process, the cleaning reactor 54 supplied dryer heated exhaust air. The purification reactor 54 is over a gas pipe 56 to one as waste heat boiler 58 trained heat exchanger connected. In the waste heat boiler 58 is the heat of the purification reactor 54 cleaned exhaust air to a hot water circuit 60 issued. This hot water cycle 60 serves to supply additional heat consumers, who work at low temperature, with heat. The through the waste heat boiler 58 flowing purified exhaust air from the purification reactor 54 is by a fireplace 62 delivered to the environment. This measure ensures a good flow behavior for the exhaust air in the waste heat boiler 58 ,

For a quick start of the plant 1 to allow for drying is in the exhaust pipe 23 between the heat engine 25 and the heat exchanger 19 a preferably be fired with fossil fuel heater 64 intended.

The heat engine 25 is about a connection 50 supplied with fresh air. It works in a good approximation according to the thermodynamic Joule-Thomson process. The mechanical power of the heat engine 25 is designed so that with the enthalpy of the exhaust gas preferably up to 30 or more vehicle bodies per hour at a drying temperature between 130 ° C and 200 ° C in the dryer tunnel 5 can be dried. Such a heat engine can provide a mechanical power of about 12 MW.

The heat engine 25 is a generator 45 assigned. This is the heat engine 25 with the generator 45 motion-coupled. A torque supplied to a drive train of the heat engine is transmitted by means of a rotatable shaft 46 on the generator 45 transfer. During operation of the heat engine 25 the generator generates 45 electrical power. The with the rotatable shaft 46 in the generator 25 introduced mechanical energy is in the generator 45 consumed. Like the conveyor 9 is the generator 45 a consumer of mechanical energy in the plant 1 , The generator 45 is to a supply module 49 connected. About the supply module 49 supplied the generator 45 the electrical consumers of the system 1 like the electric drive 10 the conveyor 9 and the fans 21 . 29 . 33 . 35 and corresponding control devices with electrical energy.

The 8th shows one as an attachment 901 for drying vehicle bodies 903 trained surface treatment device 100 with a dryer tunnel 905 that like the drying tunnel 5 the plant 1 out 7 is executed. Also, the structure of the conveyor 909 for moving the vehicle bodies 903 on girder scaffolding 907 corresponds to the one in the plant 1 , For heating in the drying section 915 the dryer tunnel 905 circulated hot air has the plant 901 a heat exchanger 919 and a heat exchanger 927 , The heat exchangers 919 . 927 are corresponding blowers 921 . 929 assigned to the hot air through inlet and outlet openings 916 . 917 in the dryer tunnel 905 to move.

Unlike the heat exchanger 919 . 927 the plant 1 out 7 but are the heat exchangers 919 . 927 not directly to the exhaust pipe 923 the heat engine 925 connected but in a cycle 940 arranged with heat transfer fluid in the form of hot water or thermal oil. Compared to the plant 1 out 7 allows this measure that less hot tube with a large pipe diameter must be installed to the hot air for the dryer tunnel 905 with heat from the exhaust gas of the heat engine 45 to warm up. The heat transfer fluid in the circuit 940 For this purpose, it transports the heat that is emitted to the exhaust gas of the heat engine 925 was withdrawn, to the heat exchangers 919 . 927 Where these are to those in the dryer 905 circulated hot air is discharged.

To the exhaust of the heat engine 925 Heat is the exhaust pipe 923 to one as waste heat boiler 939 trained heat exchanger connected. The waste heat boiler 939 is a fireplace 943 assigned. In the waste heat boiler 939 The heat from the exhaust gas of the heat engine 925 on the cycle 940 transferred for hot water. For a quick start of the plant 901 to allow is in a section 942 of the cycle 940 a fossil fuel fireable heater 964 intended. By doing line section 946 of the cycle 944 is there a heat storage 965 , In an operation of the heat engine 925 gets into the heat storage 965 Heat stored. With this stored heat can through the heat exchanger 931 flowing fresh air are heated when the heat engine 925 is operated at low power or stands still.

The circulation 940 includes a line branch 944 through which the heat of the exhaust gas of the heat engine 925 to a heat exchanger 931 can be transported. This heat exchanger 931 serves as the heat exchanger 31 in the plant 1 to heat fresh air via a blower 933 to the entrance lock 911 and the exit lock 913 the dryer tunnel 905 to be led.

The waste heat boiler 939 is beyond that with a cycle 941 combined for hot water, which is like the circulation 41 in the plant 1 serves to provide additional heat consumers in a low temperature range with heat, the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 25 was withdrawn.

In addition, the dryer tunnel 905 in the plant 901 with a purification reactor 954 for the purification of exhaust air combined, as in the purification reactor 54 the plant 1 out 7 a waste heat boiler 958 with a hot water cycle 960 and a fireplace 962 assigned.

The heat engine 925 in the plant 901 drives an electric generator 945 at. Via a supply module 949 be with the generator 945 as with the plant 1 out 7 the electrical consumers in the system 901 supplied with electrical energy.

The 9 shows a heat engine 225 in a plant 301 for drying vehicle bodies. The heat engine 225 can be designed in particular as a gas turbine or gas engine or as a diesel engine. Also the heat engine 225 is through a wave 226 with a generator 245 motion-coupled. The heat engine 225 in the plant 301 is a memory formed as a buffer memory 320 for electrical energy and a store 310 assigned for heat. The memory 310 for heat is located in a controllable valves 314 . 316 lockable bypass line 312 , The bypass line 312 is to a section of the exhaust pipe 223 the heat engine 225 connected, in which a controllable shut-off valve 318 is arranged. The memory 320 for electrical energy is in an electrical bypass line 322 connected. The memory 320 for electrical energy allows the energy from using the generator 245 to save generated electrical current I, if this is the need of the utility module 249 in the system. Accordingly, by driving the valves 314 . 316 . 318 with the memory 310 Heat from the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 225 stored when the amount of heat available in the exhaust gas over time exceeds the heat range for operating the dryer cubicle. Incidentally, the structure of the plant corresponds 301 the structure of the plant 1 or 901 out 7 respectively. 8th ,

In the 9 explained combination of a memory 310 for heat and a store 320 for electrical energy with the gas turbine 225 allows a facility for drying vehicles, as in 7 or 8th is shown, can be supplied with heat and electrical energy, even if the heat engine disposed therein does not work.

In the 10 shown painting 400 contains a plant 401 for drying vehicle bodies 403 , In the plant 401 There is a heat engine for drying vehicle bodies 425 connected to the exhaust air of a dryer tunnel 405 can be operated as a fuel gas. As far as the structure of the plant 401 the structure of the basis of the 7 described plant 1 corresponds, elements are in the 10 in the 7 shown elements, compared with the 7 around the number 400 increased numbers indicated as reference numerals.

The attachment 401 adheres to an exhaust duct 471 , through the hydrocarbon-enriched exhaust air from the dryer tunnel 405 the heat engine 425 can be supplied as fuel gas. In the exhaust duct 471 is preferably a gas storage 473 arranged. In the gas storage 473 can exhaust the air from the dryer tunnel 405 by means of a compressor 475 be fed. In the plant 401 there is a mixing chamber 477 in which by adjusting controllable valves 479 . 481 the heat engine 425 fossil fuel gas with the exhaust air from the dryer tunnel 405 can be mixed.

The paint shop 400 contains a paint booth 483 , The paint booth 483 is a painting station. In the paint booth 483 can car bodies 485 with a painting robot 487 be sprayed with spray paint. The paint booth 483 has a suction system 489 for air with a fan 491 , The from the paint booth 483 extracted air can through a pipe system 493 with valves 495 . 497 into the mixing chamber 477 be initiated. This arrangement allows the heat engine 425 optionally with exhaust air from the dryer tunnel 405 , with hydrocarbon-containing exhaust air from the spray booth 483 or with from outside the plant 401 supplied fuel gas or can be operated with a gas mixture. The heat engine 425 Thus, the polluted with hydrocarbons exhaust gases can be supplied to the paint shop here. In the heat engine 425 These exhaust gases can be burned.

In the 11 shown attachment 501 for drying vehicle bodies 503 contains several heat engines in the form of gas engines 571 . 573 . 575 , At the gas engines 571 . 573 . 575 can it be z. These include, for example, the gas engine type E 2842 LE 322 or the gas engine type E 2876 TE 302 made by MAN. As far as the structure of the plant 501 the structure of the basis of the 7 described plant 1 corresponds, elements are in the 11 in the 7 shown elements, compared with the 7 around the number 500 increased numbers indicated as reference numerals.

The heat engines 571 . 573 are in separate hot box modules 572 . 574 arranged. The heat engines 571 . 573 are in the relevant hot box module 572 . 574 via drive shafts 577 . 579 each with a generator 581 . 583 and with a fan 587 . 589 mechanically coupled. The fans 587 . 589 are used to circulate air in the dryer tunnel 505 , The fans 587 . 589 move the air out of the dryer tunnel 505 in the hot-box modules 572 . 574 through a heat exchanger 591 . 593 who is there each near the heat engine 571 . 573 is arranged. Any hot box module 572 . 574 contains two control valves 595 . 597 , By adjusting the control valves 595 . 597 in the hot-box modules 572 . 574 the exhaust gas from the heat engines can optionally via a line section 599 through the heat exchanger 591 . 593 be guided to thereby the circulating air from the dryer tunnel 505 to heat or over a line section 601 directly into the dryer tunnel 505 be directed.

The heat engine 575 is in a module 603 arranged for the heating of fresh air, the dryer tunnel 505 via a pipe system 605 can be supplied. In the module 605 is a generator 585 and a fan 592 arranged. The fan 592 and the generator 585 are with the heat engine 575 through drive shafts 594 . 596 motion-coupled. With the fan 591 Fresh air can be sucked in to this dryer tunnel 505 supply. For heating the fresh air sucked in is the blower 592 to a heat exchanger 607 connected. The heat exchanger 607 in turn is over a line section 609 with the heat engine 575 connected. The exhaust of the heat engine 575 so can over the line section 609 through the heat exchanger 607 be directed into the open. As a result, heat from the exhaust gas of the heat engine 575 on the dryer tunnel 505 transferred fresh air transferred.

The heat engines 571 . 573 . 575 in the plant 501 each have a cooling circuit in the 11 not shown. This cooling circuit is used for cooling the combustion chambers in the heat engine 571 . 573 . 575 , With the heat of the heat engines released via the cooling circuit 571 . 573 . 575 Heat consumers in a low temperature range can be supplied with heat in the 11 not shown.

The in the hot box modules 572 . 574 and the module 603 for the heating of fresh air arranged generators 581 . 583 . 585 generate electrical energy via electrical lines 611 the supply module 549 in the plant 505 is supplied.

In summary, the following preferred features in particular should be noted: An attachment 1 for heating and / or drying vehicle bodies 3 includes a cabin 5 , She has a heater 19 . 27 for heating supply air for the cabin 5 , In the plant 1 is there a consumer of mechanical energy, eg. B. a generator 25 or a fan 21 . 29 , The heating device contains at least one heat exchanger 19 . 27 , The heat exchanger 19 . 27 can with the hot exhaust of a heat engine 25 be charged. The heat engine 25 is with the consumer of mechanical energy 45 motion-coupled. Because of this motion coupling can from the heat engine 25 mechanical energy to the consumer 45 be transmitted.

• 1. Anlage (1, 901, 401, 501) zum Aufheizen von Werkstücken, insbesondere Fahrzeugkarossen (3, 903, 403, 503), mit einer temperierbaren Kabine, insbesondere in Form einer Trocknerkabine (5, 905, 405, 505), mit einer Heizeinrichtung zum Erhitzen von Zuluft für die Kabine (5, 905, 405, 505), und mit einem Verbraucher von mechanischer Energie, wobei die Heizeinrichtung wenigstens einen mit dem heißen Abgas einer Wärmekraftmaschine (25, 925, 425, 571, 575) beaufschlagten Wärmetauscher (19, 27, 939, 419, 591, 607) enthält, wobei mithilfe des Wärmetauschers dem heißen Abgas Wärme für das Erhitzen von Zuluft für die Kabine (5, 905, 405, 505) entzogen wird, und wobei die Wärmekraftmaschine (25, 925, 425, 571, 575) mit dem Verbraucher (45, 945, 445, 587, 592) bewegungsgekoppelt ist, um von der Wärmekraftmaschine (25, 925, 425, 571, 575) mechanische Energie auf den Verbraucher (45, 945, 445, 587, 592) zu übertragen.
• 2. Anlage nach Ausführungsform 1, wobei durch einen ersten Wärmetauscher (939) wenigstens ein Wärmeträgerfluid strömt, das die Wärme des heißen Abgases der Wärmekraftmaschine (925) aufnimmt und in einem Wärmeträgerfluid-Kreislauf (940) geführt ist, in dem sich wenigstens ein weiterer Wärmetauscher (919, 939) zum Erhitzen von Zuluft für eine Kabine (905) befindet, wobei als Wärmeträgerfluid vorzugsweise Wasser, eine wässrige Salzlösung oder ein Thermoöl gewählt ist.
• 3. Anlage nach Ausführungsform 2, wobei der Kreislauf (940) für das Erhitzen von Wärmeträgerfluid in einer Anlaufphase der Wärmekraftmaschine (25, 925) durch eine Heizeinrichtung (964) und/oder einen Wärmespeicher (965) geführt ist.
• 4. Anlage nach einer der Ausführungsformen 1 bis 3, wobei durch einen ersten Wärmetauscher (939) ein weiterer Kreislauf (941) mit einem Wärmeträgerfluid geführt ist, der die in dem ersten Wärmetauscher (939) aufgenommene Wärme auf einen in einem Niedertemperaturbereich arbeitenden Wärmeverbraucher überträgt, wobei als Wärmeträgerfluid vorzugsweise Wasser, eine wässrige Salzlösung oder ein Thermoöl gewählt ist.
• 5. Anlage nach einer der Ausführungsformen 3 oder 4, wobei in dem Wärmeträgerfluidkreislauf (940) ein weiterer Wärmetauscher (931) für das Erhitzen von einer Kabine (905) zugeführter Frischluft angeordnet ist.
• 6. Anlage nach Ausführungsform 1, wobei in einem Wärmetauscher (19, 27) die Wärme des durch eine Leitung zugeführten heißen Abgases der Wärmekraftmaschine (25) auf Zuluft für eine Kabine (5) übertragen wird.
• 7. Anlage nach Ausführungsform 6, wobei das durch einen Wärmetauscher (19) strömende Abgas der Wärmekraftmaschine (25) zu wenigstens einem weiteren Wärmetauscher (27) geführt ist, der die Wärme des heißen Abgases der Wärmekraftmaschine (25) auf Heißluft für die Kabine (5) überträgt.
• 8. Anlage nach einer der Ausführungsformen 6 oder 7, wobei das durch den Wärmetauscher (19, 27) strömende Abgas der Wärmekraftmaschine (25) wenigstens zu einem weiteren Wärmetauscher (31) für das Erhitzen von der Kabine (5) zugeführter Frischluft geführt ist.
• 9. Anlage nach einer der Ausführungsformen 6 bis 8, wobei das durch den Wärmetauscher (19, 27) strömende Abgas der Wärmekraftmaschine (25) zu wenigstens einem weiteren Wärmetauscher (39) geführt ist, an den wenigstens ein die Wärme des heißen Abgases der Wärmekraftmaschine (25) aufnehmender, insbesondere als Heißwasserkreislauf (41) oder Thermoölkreislauf ausgebildeter Wärmeträgerfluidkreislauf angeschlossen ist, um wenigstens einen in einem Niedertemperaturbereich arbeitenden Wärmeverbraucher mit Wärme zu versorgen.
• 10. Anlage nach einer der Ausführungsformen 1 bis 9, wobei eine Kabine (5, 905) über eine Abluftleitung (52, 952) mit einem Reinigungsreaktor (54, 954) für das thermisch regenerative Oxidieren von Lösemittel enthaltender Trockner-Abluft verbunden ist, an den ein Wärmetauscher (58, 958) für das Übertragen von Wärme auf einen insbesondere als Wasserkreislauf (60, 960) oder Thermoölkreislauf ausgebildeten Wärmeträgerfluidkreislauf angeschlossen ist, um wenigstens einen in einem Niedertemperaturbereich arbeitenden Wärmeverbraucher, insbesondere einen Wärmetauscher für das Erhitzen von der Kabine zugeführter Frischluft mit Wärme zu versorgen.
• 11. Anlage nach einer der Ausführungsformen 1 bis 10, wobei die Wärmekraftmaschine als Gasturbine oder Gasmotor (425) ausgebildet ist und eine Trocknerkabine (405) über eine Abluftleitung (471) mit der Wärmekraftmaschine (425) verbunden ist, um der Wärmekraftmaschine (425) Brenngas in Form von mit Kohlenwasserstoffen angereicherter Abluft aus der Kabine (405) zuzuführen.
• 12. Anlage nach einer der Ausführungsformen 1 bis 11, wobei das Abgas der Wärmekraftmaschine (225) zu dem Wärmetauscher durch ein Leitungssystem geführt ist, das einen Wärmespeicher (310) für das Entziehen von Wärme aus dem Abgas der Wärmekraftmaschine (225) und das Zuführen von Wärme in das Abgas der Wärmekraftmaschine (225) enthält.
• 13. Anlage nach Ausführungsform 12, wobei der Wärmespeicher (310) in einer Bypassleitung (312) angeordnet ist, die ein Ventil (314) für das Einstellen eines dem Wärmespeicher (310) zugeführten Abgasstroms aus der Wärmekraftmaschine (225) enthält.
• 14. Anlage nach einer der Ausführungsformen 1 bis 13, wobei der Verbraucher von mechanischer Energie als Generator (45, 945) zum Erzeugen von elektrischer Energie für einen elektrischen Verbraucher (10, 21, 29, 33, 910, 921, 929, 933) ausgebildet ist.
• 15. Anlage nach Ausführungsform 14, wobei der Generator (245) mit einem Pufferspeicher (320) für das Puffern von elektrischer Energie verbunden ist.
• 16. Anlage nach einer der Ausführungsformen 1 bis 13, wobei der Verbraucher von mechanischer Energie als Gebläse (587, 589, 592) für das Bewegen von Zuluft durch die Kabine (505) ausgebildet ist.
• 17. Lackieranlage (400) mit einer nach einer der Ausführungsformen 1 bis 16 ausgebildeten Anlage (401) zum Aufheizen und/oder zum Trocknen von Werkstücken (403).
• 18. Lackieranlage nach Ausführungsform 17 mit einer Lackierstation (483), die über eine Abluftleitung (493) mit einer Wärmekraftmaschine (450) verbunden ist, um der Wärmekraftmaschine (450) Brenngas in Form von mit Kohlenwasserstoffen angereicherter Abluft aus einer Lackierstation (483) zuzuführen.

Particular embodiments of the invention are the following:

• 1. Annex ( 1 . 901 . 401 . 501 ) for heating workpieces, in particular vehicle bodies ( 3 . 903 . 403 . 503 ), with a temperature-controlled cabin, in particular in the form of a drier booth ( 5 . 905 . 405 . 505 ), with a heating device for heating supply air for the cabin ( 5 . 905 . 405 . 505 ), and with a consumer of mechanical energy, wherein the heating device at least one with the hot exhaust gas of a heat engine ( 25 . 925 . 425 . 571 . 575 ) acted upon heat exchanger ( 19 . 27 . 939 . 419 . 591 . 607 ) with the help of the heat exchanger to the hot exhaust gas heat for heating supply air for the cabin ( 5 . 905 . 405 . 505 ), and wherein the heat engine ( 25 . 925 . 425 . 571 . 575 ) with the consumer ( 45 . 945 . 445 . 587 . 592 ) is motion coupled to the heat engine ( 25 . 925 . 425 . 571 . 575 ) mechanical energy to the consumer ( 45 . 945 . 445 . 587 . 592 ) transferred to.
• 2. Plant according to embodiment 1, wherein by a first heat exchanger ( 939 ) flows at least one heat transfer fluid, the heat of the hot exhaust gas of the heat engine ( 925 ) and in a heat transfer fluid circuit ( 940 ) is guided, in which at least one further heat exchanger ( 919 . 939 ) for heating supply air for a cabin ( 905 ), wherein as the heat transfer fluid preferably water, an aqueous salt solution or a thermal oil is selected.
• 3. Plant according to embodiment 2, wherein the circuit ( 940 ) for the heating of heat transfer fluid in a start-up phase of the heat engine ( 25 . 925 ) by a heating device ( 964 ) and / or a heat storage ( 965 ) is guided.
• 4. Plant according to one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein by a first heat exchanger ( 939 ) another circuit ( 941 ) is guided with a heat transfer fluid, which in the first heat exchanger ( 939 ) transfers heat to a working in a low-temperature region heat consumer, wherein as the heat transfer fluid preferably water, an aqueous salt solution or a thermal oil is selected.
• 5. Plant according to one of embodiments 3 or 4, wherein in the heat transfer fluid circuit ( 940 ) another heat exchanger ( 931 ) for heating a cabin ( 905 ) supplied fresh air is arranged.
• 6. Plant according to embodiment 1, wherein in a heat exchanger ( 19 . 27 ) the heat of the hot exhaust gas supplied by a line of the heat engine ( 25 ) to supply air for a cabin ( 5 ) is transmitted.
• 7. Plant according to embodiment 6, wherein by a heat exchanger ( 19 ) flowing exhaust gas of the heat engine ( 25 ) to at least one further heat exchanger ( 27 ), the heat of the hot exhaust gas of the heat engine ( 25 ) on hot air for the cabin ( 5 ) transmits.
• 8. Plant according to one of the embodiments 6 or 7, wherein by the heat exchanger ( 19 . 27 ) flowing exhaust gas of the heat engine ( 25 ) at least to a further heat exchanger ( 31 ) for heating from the cabin ( 5 ) supplied fresh air is guided.
• 9. Plant according to one of the embodiments 6 to 8, wherein by the heat exchanger ( 19 . 27 ) flowing exhaust gas of the heat engine ( 25 ) to at least one further heat exchanger ( 39 ) is guided to the at least one the heat of the hot exhaust gas of the heat engine ( 25 ) receiving, in particular as a hot water circuit ( 41 ) or thermal oil circuit formed heat transfer fluid circuit is connected to supply at least one operating in a low temperature region heat consumer with heat.
• 10. Plant according to one of embodiments 1 to 9, wherein a cabin ( 5 . 905 ) via an exhaust duct ( 52 . 952 ) with a purification reactor ( 54 . 954 ) for the thermally regenerative oxidation of solvent-containing dryer exhaust air is connected to a heat exchanger ( 58 . 958 ) for the transfer of heat to a particular as a water cycle ( 60 . 960 ) or thermal oil circuit formed heat transfer fluid circuit is connected to supply at least one operating in a low temperature region heat consumer, in particular a heat exchanger for the heating of the cabin fresh air supplied with heat.
• 11. Plant according to one of embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the heat engine as a gas turbine or gas engine ( 425 ) and a dryer cubicle ( 405 ) via an exhaust duct ( 471 ) with the heat engine ( 425 ) connected to the heat engine ( 425 ) Fuel gas in the form of hydrocarbons-enriched exhaust air from the cabin ( 405 ).
• 12. Plant according to one of embodiments 1 to 11, wherein the exhaust gas of the heat engine ( 225 ) is guided to the heat exchanger through a conduit system having a heat storage ( 310 ) for the removal of heat from the exhaust gas of the heat engine ( 225 ) and the supply of heat into the exhaust gas of the heat engine ( 225 ) contains.
• 13. Plant according to embodiment 12, wherein the heat storage ( 310 ) in a bypass line ( 312 ), which is a valve ( 314 ) for setting a heat storage ( 310 ) supplied exhaust gas stream from the heat engine ( 225 ) contains.
• 14. Plant according to one of embodiments 1 to 13, wherein the consumer of mechanical energy as a generator ( 45 . 945 ) for generating electrical energy for an electrical consumer ( 10 . 21 . 29 . 33 . 910 . 921 . 929 . 933 ) is trained.
• 15. Plant according to embodiment 14, wherein the generator ( 245 ) with a buffer memory ( 320 ) is connected for buffering electrical energy.
• 16. Plant according to one of embodiments 1 to 13, wherein the consumer of mechanical energy as a blower ( 587 . 589 . 592 ) for moving supply air through the cabin ( 505 ) is trained.
• 17. Painting plant ( 400 ) with one of the embodiments 1 to 16 trained facility ( 401 ) for heating and / or drying workpieces ( 403 ).
• 18. Painting installation according to embodiment 17 with a painting station ( 483 ), which are connected via an exhaust air duct ( 493 ) with a heat engine ( 450 ) is connected to the heat engine ( 450 ) Fuel gas in the form of hydrocarbons-enriched exhaust air from a painting station ( 483 ).

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1302737 B1 [0053]

Claims (15)

Surface treatment device for treating a surface of a workpiece ( 104 ), comprising one as an energy source ( 138 ) serving heat engine ( 112 ) and at least one functional unit ( 118 ) for performing a function of the surface treatment device ( 100 ), characterized in that the heat engine ( 112 ) with at least one functional unit ( 118 ) of the surface treatment device ( 100 ) is mechanically coupled, so that energy from the heat engine ( 112 ) to at least one functional unit ( 118 ) is mechanically transferable. Surface treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the heat engine ( 112 ) mechanically coupled functional unit ( 118 ) as a fan ( 170 ) for driving an air flow, as a pump ( 116 ) for driving a working fluid ( 108 ), as a conveying device ( 164 ) for conveying workpieces ( 104 ), as a cleaning device ( 167 ), as a heating device ( 115 ) and / or as a cooling device ( 117 ) is trained. Surface treatment device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the surface treatment device ( 100 ) at least one power generating device ( 140 ) for generating electricity, which with the heat engine ( 112 ) is mechanically coupled. Surface treatment device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the surface treatment device ( 100 ) at least one electrolysis device ( 142 ). Surface treatment device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heat engine ( 112 ) a gas turbine ( 132 ) and / or an internal combustion engine ( 133 ). Surface treatment device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the heat engine ( 112 ) and at least one functional unit ( 118 ) of the surface treatment device ( 100 ) to transmit the mechanical energy a common wave ( 120 ) and / or via a transmission ( 123 ) are mechanically coupled together. Surface treatment device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the surface treatment device ( 100 ) at least one heat transfer device ( 114 ) for the transfer of heat, which in an energy conversion operation of the heat engine ( 112 ) arises on a heat storage device ( 130 ) and / or on a region of the surface treatment device to be heated ( 100 ). Surface treatment device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the surface treatment device ( 100 ) at least one pretreatment area ( 146 ), at least one main treatment area ( 148 ) and / or at least one post-treatment area ( 150 ), which in each case at least one with the heat engine ( 112 ) mechanically coupled functional unit ( 118 ) of the surface treatment device ( 100 ). Surface treatment device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the surface treatment device ( 100 ) at least one treatment area ( 144 ), which serves as immersion area for immersing the workpiece to be treated ( 104 ) is formed in a fluid. Surface treatment device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the surface treatment device ( 100 ) at least one treatment area ( 144 ), which is used as a paint booth ( 160 ) for painting the workpiece to be treated ( 104 ) is trained. Method for operating a surface treatment device ( 100 ) for treating a surface of a workpiece ( 104 ), comprising: - generating mechanical energy by means of an energy source ( 138 ) serving heat engine ( 112 ); Transferring at least part of the mechanical energy from the heat engine ( 112 ) to at least one functional unit ( 118 ) for performing a function of the surface treatment device ( 100 ) by means of a mechanical coupling ( 122 ). A method according to claim 11, characterized in that in an energy conversion operation of the heat engine ( 112 ) obtained excess of mechanical energy by means of a power generating device ( 140 ) is converted into electricity. Method according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that in an energy conversion operation of the heat engine ( 112 ) obtained excess heat by means of a heat storage device ( 130 ) is stored. Method according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the mechanical power of the heat engine ( 112 ) and / or the heat output of the heat engine ( 112 ) to the for a treatment operation of the surface treatment device ( 100 ) the need for mechanical power and / or heat is adjusted. Method according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the heat engine ( 112 ) as fuel oil, oil, natural gas, landfill gas, sewage gas, mine gas, biogas, hydrogen and / or a mixture of two or more of said fuels is supplied.

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