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DE10015402A1 - System for recovering drinking water and hydrogen comprises using part of electrical current for supplying household or commercial business and remainder for recovering hydrogen by electrolysis - Google Patents

System for recovering drinking water and hydrogen comprises using part of electrical current for supplying household or commercial business and remainder for recovering hydrogen by electrolysis

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Publication number
DE10015402A1
DE10015402A1 DE10015402A DE10015402A DE10015402A1 DE 10015402 A1 DE10015402 A1 DE 10015402A1 DE 10015402 A DE10015402 A DE 10015402A DE 10015402 A DE10015402 A DE 10015402A DE 10015402 A1 DE10015402 A1 DE 10015402A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
water
electrolysis
recovering
drinking water
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DE10015402A
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German (de)
Inventor
Wilhelm Schmidt
Jens Peters
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P & T Technology AG
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P & T Technology AG
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Priority to DE10027549A priority Critical patent/DE10027549A1/en
Priority claimed from DE10027549A external-priority patent/DE10027549A1/en
Publication of DE10015402A1 publication Critical patent/DE10015402A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0656—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by electrochemical means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/19—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing chemical energy, e.g. using electrolysis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/61—Application for hydrogen and/or oxygen production
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

A system for recovering drinking water and hydrogen comprises using a part of the electrical current for supplying a household or commercial business and the remainder for recovering hydrogen by means of electrolysis; and further storing and converting into electrical energy if required. A system for recovering drinking water and hydrogen comprises using a part of the electrical current for supplying a household or commercial business and the remainder for recovering hydrogen by means of electrolysis; and further storing and converting into electrical energy if required. The process water or cooling water necessary for the electrolysis is introduced in the form of seawater, brackish water, gray water or black water and is processed to drinking water in a cascade-like water treatment plant. The process water is processed in a second processing stage so that the electrolysis can be operated with it. Preferred Features: The system can be connected to an electric current as well as a stand alone variant t guarantee a supply t the consumer. The hydrogen is stored at 30-300 bar pressure. The hydrogen is re-converted into electricity using a fuel cell or an IC engine.

Description

Zugrundeliegende ProblematikUnderlying problems

Bei der Nutzung von regenerativen Energieträgern - wie der Strömungsenergie des Windes - stellt sich immer das Problem, dass das Energieangebot nicht konstant ist, sondern mitunter zeitlich stark schwankt. Da elektrischer Strom schlecht speicherbar ist, muss man andere Wege suchen, wie man sowohl in Zeiten hoher als auch niedriger Windgeschwindigkeiten eine gleichbleibende Versorgung des Endverbrauchers mit elektrischer Energie sicherstellen stellen kann.When using regenerative energy sources - such as the flow energy of the wind - there is always the problem that the energy supply is not constant, but sometimes fluctuates greatly in time. Since electrical current is difficult to store, you have to go other ways looking for how to get one in both high and low wind speeds ensure a constant supply of electrical energy to the end user can.

Eine solche Möglichkeit bietet eine Speicherung der Energie in Form von Wasserstoff. Im Vollastbetrieb kann die Leistung der Windkraftanlage dazu verwendet werden, Wasserstoff zu produzieren, der dann in Zeiten geringer Windgeschwindigkeiten beispielsweise über eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine oder eine Brennstoffzelle rückverstromt wird und somit eine ausreichende Stromversorgung garantiert.One such possibility is to store the energy in the form of hydrogen. in the At full load, the power of the wind turbine can be used to generate hydrogen produce, which then in times of low wind speeds, for example over a Internal combustion engine or a fuel cell is converted back into electricity and thus a sufficient power supply guaranteed.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Es sind bereits einige Systeme erarbeitet worden, die das Betreiben einer Windkraftanlage mit der Produktion von Wasserstoff kombinieren (Patentschrift: DE 34 15 510 A1) oder auch eine Rückverstromung des gewonnenen Wasserstoffs beinhalten (Patentschriften DE 37 08 637 A1 und DE 34 07 881 A1). Auch eine Windkraftanlage zur Erzeugung von Trinkwasser mittels Umkehrosmose wurde bereits entwickelt (Patentschrift DE 38 08 536).Some systems have already been developed that operate a wind turbine with combine the production of hydrogen (patent specification: DE 34 15 510 A1) or one Reconversion of the hydrogen obtained include (patents DE 37 08 637 A1 and DE 34 07 881 A1). Also a wind turbine for the production of drinking water Reverse osmosis has already been developed (patent specification DE 38 08 536).

Verbesserung des neuen Systems gegenüber bekannten SystemenImprovement of the new system compared to known systems

Bisher gibt es noch keine Kombination einer windkraftbetriebenen Wasseraufbereitung und einem System zur Wasserstoffproduktion, -speicherung und -nutzung. So far there is no combination of wind power and water treatment a system for hydrogen production, storage and use.  

Das neue Verfahren ermöglicht das Betreiben einer mit einer Windkraftanlage gekoppelten Wasserstoffproduktions- und nutzungsanlage mit Meer-, Brack- Grau- oder Schwarzwasser. Dadurch kann eine Speicherung von elektrischem Strom in Form von Wasserstoff und die anschließende Rückverstromung in Zeiten niedriger Windgeschwindigkeiten auch in solchen Regionen problemlos zur Anwendung kommen, in denen kein Trinkwasser zur Verfügung steht (z. B. in Schwellen- und Entwicklungsländern).The new method enables the operation of a coupled with a wind turbine Hydrogen production and utilization system with sea, brackish, gray or black water. This can result in the storage of electrical current in the form of hydrogen and the Subsequent reconversion into electricity in times of low wind speeds, even in such times Regions without problems where drinking water is not available stands (e.g. in emerging and developing countries).

Dort kann man mit dem System gleichzeitig das Problem des Mangels an sauberen Trink- und Brauchwassers, als auch das der unzureichenden Stromversorgung in abgelegenen Gebieten lösen.There you can use the system to solve the problem of the lack of clean drinking and Industrial water, as well as that of inadequate power supply in remote areas to solve.

Beschreibungdescription

Das zugeführte Wasser wird in einer Wasseraufbereitungsanlage zu Trinkwasser aufbereitet. Die dazu erforderliche Energie wird von der im System integrierten Windkraftanlage geliefert. Die nicht benötigte Energie wird für die Gewinnung von Wasserstoff verwendet.The water supplied is processed into drinking water in a water treatment system. The energy required for this is supplied by the wind turbine integrated in the system. The energy that is not required is used for the production of hydrogen.

Bei der Wasseraufbereitung untersucht das System selbständig den Wasserzugang, der als Meer-, Brack-, Grau- oder Schwarzwasser angeboten werden kann. Lediglich die Grundgrößen der jeweiligen Wasserqualität müssen in einem Abbild der Zentraleinheit gespeichert werden. Aus den Werten der Quantität und Qualität wird die Durchflußmenge und Geschwindigkeit bestimmt, ebenso der energetische Bedarf der Wasseraufbereitungsanlage. Die bestimmende Regelgröße ist die Prozeßwassermenge, die aus den Führungsgrößen Windkraftanlage und Elektrolyse bestimmt wird.During water treatment, the system independently examines the water access, which as Sea, brackish, gray or black water can be offered. Only that Basic parameters of the respective water quality must be shown in an image of the central unit get saved. From the values of quantity and quality the flow rate and Speed determines, as does the energy requirement of the water treatment system. The determining control variable is the process water volume, which results from the reference variables Wind turbine and electrolysis is determined.

Der Einsatz dieser Anlage kann auch in dem Fall erfolgen, wenn die Wasserstoffgewinnung und -speicherung nur eine Sekundäraufgabe ist. Das bedeutet, dass die Hauptaufgabe in der Gewinnung von Trink- und Brauchwasser liegt. Das heißt weiter, dass im Fall eines Rückgangs der Windgeschwindigkeiten die Windkraftanlage in den unteren Leistungsbereich abfällt, sodass die Leistung der Windkraftanlage für den Versorgungsbetrieb der Pumpen nicht mehr ausreicht. In diesem Fall wird die elektrische Netzversorgung beispielsweise über eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine oder eine Brennstoffzelle aus dem Speicher vorgenommen. Für diesen Fall ist dann ein gesondertes Wassernetzabbild in einem Energie- und Versorgungsmanagement darzustellen. This system can also be used in the event that hydrogen is obtained and storage is only a secondary task. That means the main job in the Obtaining drinking and process water. This also means that in the event of a decline the wind speeds drop the wind turbine into the lower power range, so that the performance of the wind turbine for the supply operation of the pumps is no longer sufficient. In this case, the electrical power supply is, for example, via a Internal combustion engine or a fuel cell made from memory. For this case is then a separate water network image in an energy and To represent supply management.  

Die Versorgung der Elektrolyseure mit Prozeßwasser muss in einem weiteren Schritt erfolgen. Es muss die Leitfähigkeit des Wassers von 1 µS sichergestellt werden. Dieser Wert, der vom Elektrolyseur vorgegeben ist, soll nicht überschritten werden, sodass die Wasserreinigung in zwei Stufen erfolgt. In der ersten Stufe wird das Kühl- und Prozeßwasser gemeinsam aufbereitet und kann danach bei Bedarf gespeichert oder entnommen werden. In der zweiten Stufe wird der Teil aufbereitet, der zur Produktion von Wasserstoff verwendet wird. Hierbei wird das Wasser entsprechend ionisiert. Diese Ionisierung ist eine abhängige Größe von Windkraftleistung und Elektrolyseleistung, weil sich aus beiden Größen die Prozeßwassermenge ergibt, die als Rückstellgröße auf das System zu betrachten ist.The electrolysers must be supplied with process water in a further step. The conductivity of the water of 1 µS must be ensured. This value, from Electrolyser is specified, should not be exceeded, so that the water purification in two stages. In the first stage, the cooling and process water are combined processed and can then be saved or removed if necessary. In the second The part that is used to produce hydrogen is processed in the stage. in this connection the water is ionized accordingly. This ionization is dependent on Wind power and electrolysis power, because the two sizes Process water volume results, which is to be considered as a reset value on the system.

Eine weitere Stellgröße ist der Kühlwasserverbrauch, der in einem geschlossenen System betrieben wird. Um den Wasserverbrauch zu minimieren, wird ein geschlossenes System empfohlen. Um diese Regelgröße für die entsprechenden Stellglieder wieder zu nutzen, werden die Ein- und Ausgangsgrößen des Kühlwassers ständig ermittelt.Another control variable is the cooling water consumption in a closed system is operated. To minimize water consumption, a closed system recommended. In order to use this controlled variable again for the corresponding actuators the input and output variables of the cooling water are continuously determined.

Es wird empfohlen, bei der Realisierung des Verfahrens eine optimal geregelte Windkraftanlage mit doppelt gespeistem Asynchrongenerator zu verwenden. Die Regelung des gesamten Systems erfolgt über den nachgeschalteten Elektrolyseur und die Brennstoffzelle oder die Verbrennungskraftmaschine.It is recommended that an optimally regulated process be implemented To use wind turbine with double-fed asynchronous generator. The regulation of entire system takes place via the downstream electrolyser and the fuel cell or the internal combustion engine.

Kontroll-, Steuer- und Regeleinrichtungen überwachen die Gesamtanlage, greifen bei Sollwertabweichungen ein und schalten auf die Betriebsweisen um.Control, control and regulating devices monitor the entire system, intervene Setpoint deviations switch on and switch to the operating modes.

Eine Stromversorgung für die zusätzlichen Komponenten vervollständigt die Elektrolyseanlage. Arbeitet das gesamte Wasserstoff erzeugende System unabhängig von einem Stromnetz (Inselbetrieb), muss der Eigenbedarf der Anlagenteile, die für sicheres Abschalten sorgen, aus einer Notstromversorgung gedeckt werden können. Dies kann beispielsweise aus einer getrennten Brennstoffzelle mit nachgeschaltetem Wechselrichter erfolgen.A power supply for the additional components completes the Electrolysis plant. The entire hydrogen generating system works independently of a power grid (stand-alone operation), the internal needs of the system components must be secure Switch off, can be covered by an emergency power supply. This can for example from a separate fuel cell with a downstream inverter respectively.

Sind die Zusatzeinrichtungen untereinander auf die Bedürfnisse der Gesamtanlage abgestimmt, ist der zuverlässige, störungsfreie und vollautomatische Dauerbetrieb unter Volllastbedingungen mit gelegentlichen Inspektionen und Wartungen bis zur Überholung nach mehreren Jahren gewährleistet. If the additional equipment is matched to the needs of the overall system, is the reliable, trouble-free and fully automatic continuous operation under Full load conditions with occasional inspections and maintenance until overhaul guaranteed for several years.  

Wenn elektrische Energie von Windkraftanlagen zur Verfügung gestellt wird, muss der Elektrolyseur auf Veränderungen reagieren, die von kurzzeitigen Schwankungen zwischen Volllast und 30% Teillast im Sekundenbereich wirken. Diese Schwankungen werden durch Regelstrecken in dem Energie-Management-System ausgeregelt, sodass keine Einwirkung auf den Elektrolyseur erfolgt.If electrical energy is provided by wind turbines, the Electrolyser to respond to changes from short-term fluctuations between Full load and 30% partial load act in the seconds range. These fluctuations are caused by Control systems in the energy management system are regulated so that no influence on them the electrolyser.

Für die Prozeßsteuerung wird die Verwendung eines feldbusfähigen Regelsystems empfohlen, das als speicherprogrammierbares Automatisierungsgerät eingesetzt werden soll. Das System eignet sich zur Realisierung umfangreicher Fernwirk-, Steuerungs- und Regelungsaufgaben.The use of a fieldbus-compatible control system is recommended for process control. which is to be used as a programmable logic controller. The system is suitable for the implementation of extensive telecontrol, control and regulation tasks.

Es steuert das gesamte System, bestehend aus Windkraftanlage, Wasseraufbereitung (Prozeßwasser, Kühlwasser), Speicherung, Elektrolyse incl. Energie-Management-System.It controls the entire system, consisting of a wind turbine and water treatment (Process water, cooling water), storage, electrolysis incl. Energy management system.

Automatisierungsaufgaben, bei denen schnell und häufig zu bearbeitende Signale oder Signalpegel besonderer Art auftreten, können durch signalverarbeitende Baugruppen, wie sie in den Baugruppen Windkraftanlage, Wassergewinnung, Elektrolyseur, Gas-Turbine und Wärmepumpe auftreten können, als Knotenpunkt installiert und separat geregelt werden. Sie arbeiten weitestgehend unabhängig vom Zentralprozessor.Automation tasks in which signals or signals to be processed quickly and frequently Signal levels of a special kind can occur through signal processing modules as described in the components wind turbine, water extraction, electrolyser, gas turbine and Heat pump can occur, installed as a node and regulated separately. she work largely independently of the central processor.

Neben diesen im feldbusfähigen Regelsystem integrierten Regelbaugruppen können auch externe, autark arbeitende Regler eingesetzt werden. Die Kopplung zu diesen externen Reglern erfolgt über die Digital- und Analogperipherie des Stationsleitgerätes.In addition to these control modules integrated in the fieldbus-compatible control system, you can also external, self-sufficient controllers can be used. The coupling to these external controllers takes place via the digital and analog peripherals of the station control unit.

In dem beschriebenen System sind zwei Elektrolyseure (5) mit unterschiedlichen Leistungen integriert.Two electrolysers ( 5 ) with different outputs are integrated in the system described.

Ab einer Elektrolyseleistung, die nahe der Maximalleistung des ersten Elektrolyseurs liegt, bis zu maximalen Leistung der Summe der beiden Elektrolyseure I + II, arbeiten die Elektrolyseure parallel. Sollte die maximale Leistung erreicht werden, so lassen die Elektrolyseure eine Überlast von 25% zu. Die produzierte Gasmenge wird dann in einen Zwischenspeicher transportiert. Dieser Zwischenspeicher ist mit einem ID-Regler zu regeln. Zusätzlich regeln die PID-Regler, gesteuert von den jeweiligen Meßumformern, die Wassermenge für Prozeß- und Kühlwasser. Die in Analog- und Digitalform erfaßten Meßwerte werden als Regel-, Stell- und Störgrößen zu einer Zentraleinheit übertragen und dort verarbeitet.From an electrolysis output that is close to the maximum output of the first electrolyser to to the maximum output of the sum of the two electrolysers I + II, they work Electrolysers in parallel. If the maximum performance is reached, the Electrolysers have an overload of 25%. The amount of gas produced is then divided into one Buffer transported. This buffer is to be controlled with an ID controller. In addition, the PID controller, controlled by the respective transmitter, regulates the Amount of water for process and cooling water. The measured values recorded in analog and digital form  are transmitted as control, manipulated and disturbance variables to a central unit and there processed.

Die Gasproduktion (H2 und O2) wird über ein Stellglied (Regler) geregelt, der gleichzeitig für den Säuretank dient. Ebenso wird die Frisch- und Kühlwasserversorgung über Regelventile geregelt. Das Rohgas durchläuft einen Reiniger, der durch entsprechende motorgeregelte Ventile abgeblockt ist. Der nachfolgende Kühler und die entsprechenden Filter vor und nach dem Kompressor werden ebenfalls durch motorgetriebene Ventile geregelt. Damit ist ein geschlossener Regelkreis des gesamten Elektrolyseurs gewährleistet, der mittels eines Stationsleitgerätes gesteuert wird. Die hieraus resultierenden Signale werden der Zentraleinheit zugeleitet. In diesem System werden über den Regelkreis Elektrolyseur I bzw. II (5) anschließend die Ausgangswerte über eine Meßwertumformung geregelt. Der Elektrolyse nachgeschaltet ist der Speicher, die Verbrennungskraftmaschine oder die Brennstoffzelle.The gas production (H 2 and O 2 ) is controlled by an actuator (controller), which also serves for the acid tank. The fresh and cooling water supply is also regulated via control valves. The raw gas passes through a cleaner that is blocked by appropriate motor-controlled valves. The downstream cooler and the corresponding filters before and after the compressor are also controlled by motor-driven valves. This ensures a closed control loop of the entire electrolyzer, which is controlled by means of a station control device. The resulting signals are fed to the central unit. In this system, the output values are then controlled by means of a measured value conversion via the control circuit electrolyser I or II ( 5 ). The electrolysis is followed by the memory, the internal combustion engine or the fuel cell.

Den zeitlich veränderlichen Energiebedarf im Autarkbetrieb hält man in Belastungsdiagrammen fest. Diese Diagramme werden aus dem Zentralrechner der CPUs 1-3 gewonnen. Aus den so gewonnenen Werten wird das Zeitintegral eines vorgegebenen Zeitmaßstabes gebildet.The time-varying energy requirements in self-sufficient operation are recorded in load diagrams. These diagrams are obtained from the central computer of CPUs 1-3 . The time integral of a predetermined time scale is formed from the values obtained in this way.

Zur Beurteilung der Häufigkeit des Auftretens einzelner Leistungsstufen bzw. auch die Leistungszu- und -abgänge einzelner Geräte werden ebenfalls aus der Zentraleinheit des Stationsleitgerätes entnommen. Mithin läßt sich aus den Einzel- und auch Summenwerten die Leistungsdauerkennlinie oder die Belastungskurve (Tages-, Monats- und Jahrgangslinie) einer Autarkanlage erstellen.To assess the frequency of occurrence of individual performance levels or also the Power inputs and outputs of individual devices are also from the central unit of the Station control unit removed. Therefore, from the individual and also the sum values Performance duration characteristic or the load curve (daily, monthly and vintage line) of one Create self-sufficient system.

Claims (6)

1. Mit Windkraft betriebenes System zur Gewinnung von Trinkwasser und Wasserstoff einschließlich Wasserstoffnutzung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Teil des durch die Windkraftanlage produzierten elektrischen Stroms für die Versorgung von Haushalt und Gewerbe, der Rest mittels Elektrolyse zur Gewinnung von Wasserstoff verwendet wird, welcher gespeichert und bei Bedarf in elektrische Energie zurückgewandelt wird. Das für die Elektrolyse benötigte Prozeß- und Kühlwasser kann in Form von Meer-, Brack- Grau- oder Schwarzwasser zugeführt werden und wird in einer vorgeschalteten, kaskadenförmigen Wasseraufbereitungs­ anlage zu Trinkwasser aufbereitet. Das Prozeßwasser wird in einer zweiten Aufbereitungsstufe soweit aufbereitet, dass die Elektrolyseure damit betrieben werden können.1. Wind-powered system for the production of drinking water and hydrogen, including the use of hydrogen, characterized in that part of the electrical power produced by the wind turbine is used to supply households and businesses, the rest is used by means of electrolysis for the production of hydrogen, which is stored and stored Demand is converted back into electrical energy. The process and cooling water required for the electrolysis can be supplied in the form of sea, brackish, gray or black water and is processed into drinking water in an upstream, cascaded water treatment system. The process water is treated in a second treatment stage to such an extent that the electrolysers can be operated with it. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das System sowohl an ein Stromnetz angeschlossen werden kann, als auch als Stand-Alone-Variante netzunabhängig eine Versorgung der angeschlossenen Verbraucher gewährleistet.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the system can be connected to a power supply as well as Stand-alone variant, independent of the power supply to the connected Guaranteed consumers. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wasserstoff in 30 bis 300 bar Drucktanks gespeichert wird.3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that that the hydrogen is stored in 30 to 300 bar pressure tanks. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wasserstoff mittels einer Brennstoffzelle oder einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine in Strom zurückverwandelt wird.4. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the hydrogen by means of a fuel cell or a Internal combustion engine is converted back into electricity. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zu Trinkwasser aufbereitete Wasser gespeichert oder entnommen werden kann und das System somit auch vorrangig der Trinkwassergewinnung dienen kann.5. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the water prepared for drinking water is stored or removed can and the system can therefore primarily serve to produce drinking water. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abwärme, die bei der Umwandlung des Wasserstoffs in elektrischen Strom entsteht, zu Heizzwecken genutzt werden kann oder zum Betreiben einer Wärmepumpe dienen kann.6. The method according to claim 1, 2 and 4, characterized in that the waste heat from converting the hydrogen into electricity arises, can be used for heating purposes or to operate one Heat pump can serve.
DE10015402A 2000-03-28 2000-03-28 System for recovering drinking water and hydrogen comprises using part of electrical current for supplying household or commercial business and remainder for recovering hydrogen by electrolysis Withdrawn DE10015402A1 (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10317422A1 (en) * 2003-04-15 2004-10-28 Abb Patent Gmbh Electricity supply device for a wind power unit has distributor to supply the electrical energy needs of the units components from a hydrogen energy store
EP1596052A1 (en) * 2004-05-13 2005-11-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Power plant with a wind turbine, a hydrogen generator, a hydrogen storage and a gas turbine
ES2294922A1 (en) * 2006-03-29 2008-04-01 Roberto Alonso Poza Method for obtaining energy in form of electricity and purified water from electrolysis, involves carrying out electrolysis process, which produces hydrogen accumulated in hydrogen compressor-tank
WO2012101200A1 (en) * 2011-01-26 2012-08-02 Dürr Systems GmbH Surface treatment device and method for operating a surface treatment device
ES2401016A1 (en) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-16 Andrés GINÉS GÓMEZ Device for the production of electrical energy from water and associated procedure. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
WO2021038056A1 (en) * 2019-08-29 2021-03-04 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As System and method for processing hydrogen offshore
DE102021202576B3 (en) 2021-03-17 2022-05-12 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Method for operating an electrolysis plant
DE102024102600A1 (en) * 2024-01-30 2025-07-31 HOPES Energy GmbH Hybrid system and process for the production of hydrogen

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10317422A1 (en) * 2003-04-15 2004-10-28 Abb Patent Gmbh Electricity supply device for a wind power unit has distributor to supply the electrical energy needs of the units components from a hydrogen energy store
EP1596052A1 (en) * 2004-05-13 2005-11-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Power plant with a wind turbine, a hydrogen generator, a hydrogen storage and a gas turbine
ES2294922A1 (en) * 2006-03-29 2008-04-01 Roberto Alonso Poza Method for obtaining energy in form of electricity and purified water from electrolysis, involves carrying out electrolysis process, which produces hydrogen accumulated in hydrogen compressor-tank
ES2294922B1 (en) * 2006-03-29 2009-02-16 Roberto Alonso Poza PROCESS FOR OBTAINING ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND CLEAN WATER FROM ELECTROLYSIS.
WO2012101200A1 (en) * 2011-01-26 2012-08-02 Dürr Systems GmbH Surface treatment device and method for operating a surface treatment device
ES2401016A1 (en) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-16 Andrés GINÉS GÓMEZ Device for the production of electrical energy from water and associated procedure. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
WO2021038056A1 (en) * 2019-08-29 2021-03-04 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As System and method for processing hydrogen offshore
DE102021202576B3 (en) 2021-03-17 2022-05-12 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Method for operating an electrolysis plant
DE102024102600A1 (en) * 2024-01-30 2025-07-31 HOPES Energy GmbH Hybrid system and process for the production of hydrogen

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