DE102010008135A1 - Mesh type pulling and towing system for road vehicle, has rear coupling rod firmly connected with tow tractor, and coupling unit rigidly formed between front and rear coupling rods and including buffer and/or electrical connection units - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a rear coupling rod (11) firmly connected with a tow tractor (1). A length (L1) of a front coupling rod (21) of a to be drawn vehicle (2) is calculated, and a length (L2) of the rear coupling rod of the tractor is calculated. The lengths of the front and rear coupling rods are added. A coupling unit (13) is rigidly formed between the front and rear coupling rods. The coupling unit is provided with damping, buffer and/or electrical connection units. The front coupling rod is inserted into a firm, stationary electrical loading station in a parked condition.

Description

Field of the invention

The The invention relates to automotive vehicles whose models are partially are standardized, for the purpose of pulling trains from each other To be able to form vehicles. The invention relates in particular to vehicles powered by electric energy, the dome systems having standardized interface devices, to be able to couple the vehicles as desired by the user.

• – kompatible elektrische Fahrzeuge, in Volleigentum oder für Selbstbedienungsbetrieb; und
• – Parkstationen in Zuordnung mit einer Station für elektrische Wiederaufladung, mit Einzel- oder Vielfachanschluss und Diebstahlsicherung.

In fact, the invention relates to a city with an automotive vehicle park which has, inter alia:

• - Compatible electric vehicles, full ownership or self-service; and
• - Parking stations in association with a station for electrical recharging, with single or multiple connection and anti-theft device.

• – ein eventuelles System zur Fernfakturierung für ”Energielieferung”, für Mietung von Fahrzeugen im Selbstbedienungsbetrieb oder Unternehmen zur Stromerzeugung, Parkunternehmen, Dienstleistungen aller Art im Zusammenhang mit Fahrzeugen;
• – Rückgabe von Fahrzeugen im Selbstbedienungsbetrieb oder im Mietbetrieb,
• – Reparatur und Pannenhilfe für Fahrzeuge mit Batterieerschöpfung;
• – Verkehrsregelung in Perioden mit Verkehrsverlangsamung und Staubetrieb,
• – Fernreiseverkehr in Wagenschleppzügen, allein, mit Familien oder Freunden, und zwar ohne Probleme von Reichweitebeschränkungen dank Anschlussmöglichkeit am Stromerzeuger.

The conception provides:

• - any system for remote billing for "energy delivery", rental of self-service vehicles or power generation companies, parking companies, all types of services related to vehicles;
• - return of self-service or rental vehicles,
• - repair and breakdown assistance for vehicles with battery exhaustion;
• - Traffic regulation in periods of traffic slowdown and traffic jams,
• - Long-distance voyages by car towing vehicles, alone, with family or friends, and without any problems of range restrictions thanks to the possibility to connect to the generator.

State of the art and problem definition

The Idea of the formation of towed trains with road vehicles, for example, with two or three cars, to create changeable Transport capacity, is already known.

One the problems inherent in this concept or system, is that the passively towed or towed vehicles are not inevitably follow the lane of the tractor vehicle. This can be one unsatisfactory behavior of the convoy, in particular in terms of the last vehicles intersecting the curves and drive onto the sidewalks.

Various Systems for single-track towing train formation are known: luggage trolleys at railway stations, for example, at the French state railway company SNCF, transport systems in factories and factories, however, finds none of these systems use for towed vehicles from conventional vehicles Type as usual current automobiles, which are provided with reversible steering.

There Furthermore the vehicles different axle and wheelbase and a different mechanics at the point of connection, for example because they are different Manufacturers are each a special concept required. The present invention is intended to overcome these disadvantages and inconveniences be remedied.

Summary of the invention

To For this purpose, the main object of the invention is the creation of a towing train system of the Einspurtyp for Road vehicles, the vehicles having standardized coupling means, one Front coupling point uniform for all vehicles, each one Vehicle has a front dome or pull rod, which has a certain front dome distance L1 guaranteed, further one rear dome or Drawbar, which has a rear dome spacing L2 relative to the axis a rear wheel and a longitudinal wheel E guaranteed.

According to the invention the front and rear dome spacing L1 and L2 are each Vehicle such that in the present application as a "rhombus" or "rhombus" formula designated dome formula: L1 + L2 = E is maintained, where L1 the front dome clearance relative to a front axle of the drawn vehicle or vehicle of order n, L2 the rear dome clearance relative to its rear axle of the towing vehicle or vehicle of the Order n - 1 is, and wherein the coupling means between the two train or Coupling rods are rigid.

Preferably The front dome spacing L1 of all vehicles has the same uniform length, while the longitudinal wheelbase (E) is variable from one vehicle to another, further is the rear pull or dome rod retractable or foldable or stowable, relative to them operationally in terms of the rear axle of the rear wheels to extend a certain distance L2, in compliance with the Formula L2 = E - L1.

According to one preferred embodiment of System according to the invention is the front tie rod or coupling rod likewise extendable / retractable or Retractable or vesteable.

It is envisaged that damping means and means for electrical connection are arranged in the coupling means of the front coupling rod of the drawn vehicle or vehicle of order N and the rear coupling rod of the towing vehicle or vehicle of order N-1.

Figure bullet

The Invention and its various characteristic technical Features will become more apparent from the following description with the attached Drawing; in this show:

1 the towing or towing principle of Einspurtyp in application to the invention, wherein the tie rods are opened or extended,

2 the pulling device according to the invention, wherein the tie rods adjacent to successive vehicles are folded or retracted.

Detailed description an embodiment the invention

The "diamond" type towing device ensures that the towed vehicle follows the lane of the towing vehicle. For this purpose, the guarantee of a diamond or a rhombus is formed when the two centers of rotation of the two rear wheels of the towing vehicle, the center of the front axle of the towing vehicle and a pivot point in the center of the front axle of the towed vehicle projected onto the ground. In the following, this point is referred to as the drag point of the towed vehicle. In this case, the towed vehicle whose steerable front wheels are relatively free, if they have sufficient traction, and reversible steering, which is the case with conventional vehicles, follows practically the lane of the pulling vehicle. In other words, with reference to the 1 : The distance between the dome point 22 of the towed vehicle 2 and the rear axle 13 the rear wheels 14 of the towing vehicle 1 must equal the longitudinal wheelbase E of the towing vehicle 1 be.

The invention consists in the creation of a coupling rod of two parts, which are inserted in the mechanical sense of the word in a point which we refer to as a coupling point. The with the towing vehicle 1 firmly connected drawbar 11 is foldable, even telescopic, or retractable and stays in the axle of the towing vehicle 1 aligned when it is extended or extended. When retracted, ie when not with a towed vehicle 2 it is in or under the towing vehicle 1 retracted or retracted or folded down.

In the extended state, it allows a rigid connection in the horizontal plane with the other part of the drawbar, ie the front drawbar 21 of the towed vehicle 2 she is connected to.

The pull or coupling rod 21 The towed vehicle is also foldable in the sense of being in the towed vehicle 2 can be retracted or retracted, if this is not coupled, with either a connection point (a supply device) or with another vehicle, but it is in the unused state to the aforementioned dome point 22 pivotable.

The Mobility in the horizontal plane, for example, in the Magnitude may be about 30 degrees to either side of the vehicle axle, allows the train to be driven in alternating or sharp-curve traffic, the movement in the vertical sense unevenness of the terrain and amplitudes of suspension and damping can absorb. The Sum of dome distances the two coupling rods in the extended state is such that L1 + L2 = E. Therein L1 is the dome distance of the front coupling rod of the vehicle of order n, relative to the front axle, L2 the dome distance of the rear coupling rod of the vehicle of the order n - 1, relative to the rear axle.

The object of the invention is achieved by means of a towing type towing vehicle system for road vehicles, wherein the connection between the respective front and rear coupling rods 11 respectively. 21 is standardized and each vehicle has a common front dome point for all vehicles, further comprising a front dome rod 21 for which the distance between the dome point and the handle 22 standardized in the extended state for all vehicles and designated L2, with a rear tie rod 11 , which is on / off and remains strictly parallel to the vehicle axis in the horizontal plane, such that in the extended state of the drawbar, the distance L2 between the dome point and the center of the axis 13 the rear wheels 14 of the vehicle of order n - 1 is equal to E - L1. Where E is the wheelbase of the vehicle carrying the said rear drawbar, ie the vehicle of order n-1.

With the meaning of 1 pulls or tows a vehicle 1 a certain number of towed vehicles 2 , forming a train. The towing vehicle or the vehicle of order n - 1 be sits a wheelbase of a certain length E between the rear axle 13 his rear wheels 14 and the front axle 15 the front wheels 16 ,

All vehicles have the same front anchorage point, regardless of their respective length and longitudinal wheelbase 22 and preferably the same dome spacing L1 for the front coupling rod 21 ,

After the vehicles are coupled, the rear dome rod is 11 with the help of rigidly formed coupling means 3 firmly with the front coupling rod 21 of the following towed vehicle or vehicle of order n connected. As a solid coupling 3 For example, the use of Scharfenberg type couplings is envisaged, as in railway systems.

To comply with the so-called "diamond" or "rhombus" condition, so that the train of vehicles in all cases shows a behavior of the Einspurtyp, the formula L1 + L2 = E must be approximately met. For this purpose, the rear drawbar 11 telescopic and / or underneath or against the vehicle, as shown in 2 is shown. In the same way can also be provided that the front coupling rod 21 every vehicle 21 also retractable / foldable or collapsible and stowable in the front part of the vehicle.

It should be emphasized that the front dome rod 21 not on the orientation of the front wheels 16 the same vehicle needs to act.

In order to protect the entire coupling mechanism formed in this way between two successive and coupled vehicles, it is provided that the rigid coupling means 3 between the front coupling rod 21 and the rear dome rod 11 Have cushioning or buffering means to avoid shocks in the event of sudden braking and acceleration operations.

2 shows exactly the same vehicle, with the front coupling rod 21 and the rear dome rod 11 retracted under the vehicle or withdrawn or folded.

It is also provided that the front coupling rod 21 can be inserted in a parked state in a fixed, stationary electrical charging station.

The fixed coupling means include means for electrical connection to control commands from the towing vehicle 1 to the towed vehicles 2 to be able to transmit.

Claims (4)

Track-to-tow system for road vehicles, the vehicles comprising standardized coupling devices, a front coupling point ( 22 ) uniformly for all vehicles, each vehicle each having a pivoting front dome and tie rod ( 21 ), which has a certain front dome spacing L1 relative to the front wheel set, one in the horizontal plane (FIG. 11 rigid rigid rear coupling and drawbar, which ensures a rear dome spacing L2 relative to the axis of a rear wheel set, and a longitudinal wheelbase E, characterized in that the front and rear dome spacing L1 and L2 of each vehicle are each chosen so that the so-called dome formula of the "diamond" type: L1 + L2 = E is maintained, where L1 is the length of the front coupling rod ( 21 ) of the towed vehicle or vehicle of order n, L2 the length of the rear coupling rod ( 11 ) of the towing vehicle or vehicle of order n - 1, and wherein the coupling means between the two coupling tie rods ( 11 . 21 ) are rigidly formed. Train system according to claim 1, wherein the front dome spacing L1 of all vehicles is of uniform length and the longitudinal wheelbase (E) can vary from one vehicle to another, characterized in that the rear coupling rod ( 11 ) retractable or foldable is for operational adjustment to the relative to the rear axle ( 13 ) of the rear wheels ( 14 ) determined distance L2, in compliance with the formula L2 = E - L1. Traction system according to claim 1, characterized in that the front dome pull rod ( 21 ) of each vehicle is retractable or foldable. Train system according to claim 1, characterized in that the front coupling rod ( 21 ) and the rear coupling rod ( 11 ) by means of rigidly fixed coupling means ( 3 ) are fixedly connected to each other, which in turn are provided with damping or buffer means and means for electrical connection.