DE102019211616A1 - Brake assist device, hydraulic brake system and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a brake assistance device (100) for a hydraulic brake system (30), with a volume adjustment unit (40), in which the volume adjustment unit (40) has a brake line (32), a reservoir (36), a transmitter (36) and / or is hydraulically connected or connectable to a slave of the brake system (30), is set up to controllably vary a volume available to a brake fluid (37) of the brake system (30), and for this purpose at least one volume control element (50) with or from an electromagnetic one Has shape and / or volume active material (51).

Description

State of the art

The present invention relates to a brake assist device, a hydraulic brake system and a vehicle.

The present invention relates in particular to a brake assistance device for a hydraulic brake system, in particular for a vehicle that can be driven with muscle power and / or with motor power, a bicycle, electric bike, eBike, pedelec, motorcycle, moped or for a scooter, a hydraulic brake system for a muscle power and / or a vehicle that can be driven by motor power, and a vehicle as such that can be driven by muscle power and / or by motor power, in particular a bicycle, electric bike, eBike, pedelec, motorcycle, moped or scooter.

Hydraulic brake systems are often used to brake wheels on vehicles. For safety reasons, brake assistance devices, for example in the sense of anti-lock protection (ABS), are increasingly being used in such brake systems. In this case, braking assistance devices of this type are intended to prevent a braked wheel from locking in order to achieve the shortest possible braking distance and / or the highest possible degree of directional stability when braking.

In particular in the area of vehicles that can be driven with muscle power and / or with motor power, for example in the area of bicycles, electric bicycles or the like, previous braking assistance devices can only be used to a limited extent due to their complexity and their energy consumption.

Disclosure of the invention

The brake adjustment device according to the invention with the features of independent claim 1 has the advantage that a brake assistance function can be implemented with comparatively simple means and with comparatively low energy requirements. This is achieved according to the invention with the features of independent claim 1 in that a brake assistance device is created for a hydraulic brake system, which is designed with a volume adjustment unit and in which the volume adjustment unit (i) with a brake line, a reservoir, a transmitter and / or a The slave of the brake system is hydraulically connected or connectable, (ii) is set up to controllably vary a volume available to a brake fluid of the brake system, and (iii) for this purpose has at least one volume control element with or made of an electromagnetically shape- and / or volume-active material. By providing a volume control element with or made of an electromagnetically shape- and / or volume-active material, the free volume for a brake fluid in the brake system can be adapted without great expenditure in terms of equipment and energy in order to influence different braking states.

The subclaims show preferred developments of the invention.

In an advantageous development of the brake assist device according to the invention, a particularly simple structure results from the fact that at least one component of the brake fluid itself is formed with or from the electromagnetically shape and / or volume-active material and thus functions in particular as a volume control element.

Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that, according to another exemplary embodiment of the brake assistance device according to the invention, the volume adjustment unit and in particular the volume control element is or are set up for direct or indirect fluid-mechanical interaction with the brake fluid, in particular through direct mechanical contact with the brake fluid. As a result, the volume available for the brake fluid can be adapted in a particularly simple and loss-free, namely direct manner.

This can be achieved with different concrete measures.

For example, according to another advantageous embodiment of the braking assistance device according to the invention, it is conceivable that the volume control element has or forms at least one displacement body. During operation, for example, this is located directly in the volume of the brake fluid, so that a change in volume that is caused on or in the displacement body has a direct effect on the free volume for the brake fluid.

It can also be considered that the displacement body is designed as a bulk body or float.

Alternatively or additionally, according to another preferred exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the volume control element can have or form at least one element of a volume adjustment vessel.

In addition, it can be thought that the volume control element, for example, a wall element, a support structure, preferably between wall elements, or the like, or a part of which forms or has in connection with a volume adjustment vessel.

Furthermore, the volume control element can alternatively or additionally have or form at least one element of a safety device or a - in particular mechanical - coupling with such a safety device, in particular as part of or in connection with a safety valve, a check valve or the like.

Furthermore, according to another advantageous embodiment of the braking assistance device according to the invention, it is provided that the volume control element has or forms a plurality and in particular a plurality of displacement bodies.

These can, for example, be suspended in the brake fluid, in particular as grains or particles.

It is also conceivable that the majority of the multiplicity of displacement bodies, in particular in the manner of grains or particles, are contained in a volume adjustment vessel containing part of the brake fluid and / or through which part of the brake fluid flows, in particular with one or more filters for retaining Displacers in the volume adjustment vessel.

The volume adjustment vessel can in particular be part of the volume adjustment unit or alternatively or additionally as part of an underlying brake line.

Particularly simple conditions with regard to the operation of the volume adjustment unit arise when, according to another preferred embodiment of the brake assistance device according to the invention, the volume adjustment unit has an electromagnetic application unit or a connection to an electromagnetic application unit.

It is conceivable that the electromagnetic application unit is set up to apply an electromagnetic field or a change in an electromagnetic field to the volume control element, at least in part, in a controlled manner, in order to adapt the volume of the volume control element, in particular in the manner of an electrode arrangement and / or a coil arrangement.

Alternatively or additionally, in a further development of the brake assistance device according to the invention, an evaluation and control unit can be configured which is configured to control the state of the volume adjustment unit and in particular the volume control element, in particular on the basis of values recorded by at least one sensor.

The braking assistance device according to the invention is in principle versatile and applicable in various technical areas, in particular in the area of a hydraulic brake system for a vehicle that can be driven by muscle power and / or motor power, a bicycle, electric bicycle, eBike, pedelec, motorcycle, moped, quad or scooter .

Also with regard to the electromagnetically shape and / or volume-active material, there are various possibilities, namely the use of a positive or negative or inverse electrostrictive, magnetostrictive and / or positive or negative or inverse piezoelectric material, which forms at least part of the volume adjustment element.

The present invention also provides a hydraulic brake system for a vehicle or the like that can be driven by muscle power and / or motor power and is designed with a brake, with a brake line for hydraulic connection to the brake via a brake fluid and with a brake assist device designed according to the invention.

Finally, a vehicle that can be driven by muscle power and / or by motor power is created which has at least one wheel and a brake system designed according to the invention for braking the at least one wheel.

The vehicle can in particular be designed as a bicycle, electric bicycle, eBike, pedelec, motorcycle, small motorcycle, quad or as a scooter.

Furthermore, a method is to be claimed which controls the braking assistance device described, in particular for implementing an ABS function in the context of a hydraulic brake system.

Figure list

• 1 ist eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugs.
• 2 bis 4 zeigen in schematischer Weise nach Art eines jeweiligen Blockdiagramms Ausführungsformen einer erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten hydraulischen Bremsanlage unter Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Bremsassistenzeinrichtung.

Embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying figures.

• 1 Figure 3 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the vehicle according to the invention.
• 2 to 4th show in a schematic manner in the manner of a respective block diagram Embodiments of a hydraulic brake system designed according to the invention using a brake assistance device designed according to the invention.

Preferred embodiments of the invention

With reference to the 1 to 4th Embodiments of the invention and the technical background described in detail. Identical and equivalent as well as identically or equivalent acting elements and components are denoted by the same reference symbols. The detailed description of the designated elements and components is not given in every case of their occurrence.

The features and further properties shown can be isolated from one another in any desired form and combined with one another as desired without departing from the core of the invention.

First, with reference to FIG 1 for example an electric bicycle as a preferred embodiment of the vehicle according to the invention 1 described in detail.

The vehicle 1 As an electric bike, it includes a frame 12 on which a front wheel 9-1 , a rear wheel 9-2 and a crank mechanism 2 with two cranks 7th , 8th with pedals 7-1 and 8-1 are arranged. An electric drive 3 is in the crank mechanism 2 integrated. On the rear wheel 9-2 are a pinion 6 and possibly a gear shift arranged. Crank drive 2 and electric drive 3 form the drive 80 of the vehicle 1 .

A drive torque generated by the driver and / or by the electric drive 3 is provided by a chainring 4th on the crank mechanism 2 via a chain 5 on the pinion 6 transfer.

On the handlebars of the vehicle 1 is also a control unit 10 arranged which with the electric drive 3 connected is. In or on the frame 12 or luggage rack is also a battery 11 designed, which for power supply of the electric drive 3 serves.

As part of 12 or a crank bearing is also integrated in a drive unit 13 or bottom bracket, which is a crankcase 14th and a crankshaft 15th having.

In the area of a brake system 30th , by means of which via brake lines 32 when the brake lever is operated 31 an access to the brake discs 34 can be initiated is also an embodiment of the brake adjustment device according to the invention 100 provided either for one of the brakes 33 or for both brakes 33 . In the representation of the 1 instructs the braking system 30th in the area of each of the brakes 33 its own braking assistance device 100 for the individual modulation of the braking force of the respective brake 33 for the implementation of a brake assistance function, in particular in the sense of an ABS. However, this is not mandatory.

The 2 to 4th show in a schematic manner in the manner of a respective block diagram embodiments of a hydraulic brake system configured according to the invention 30th using a braking assistance device designed according to the invention 100 , where the 3 and 4th same braking system 30th with the same brake assist device 100 in two different operating states.

In the embodiment according to 2 is the braking system 30th with a brake 33 with a brake disc 34 educated. The braking system 30th also has a brake line 32 on which fluid mechanically by means of a brake fluid 37 the brake 33 with the brake lever 31 and the reservoir 36 couples.

The brake 33 an inlet valve is connected upstream 91 , which is part of a conventional ABS system, for example 90 can be.

Between the inlet valve 91 and the brake 33 is the braking assistance device according to the invention 100 educated.

In the embodiment according to 2 instructs the braking assistance device 100 a volume adjustment unit 40 with a volume adjustment vessel 41 in fluid mechanical communication with the brake line 32 on. The volume adjustment vessel is on the inlet side and outlet side 41 with one filter each 42 to hold back in the vessel 41 located and in the brake fluid 37 suspended displacer 52 - here in the form of grains or in the form of a powder - made of an electromagnetically shape and / or volume-active material 51 educated.

The case 43 of the volume adjustment vessel 41 the volume adjustment unit 40 the braking assistance device 100 According to the present embodiment of the invention is in its outer peripheral area with an electromagnetic application unit 45 - For example in the manner of an electrode arrangement or a coil arrangement - formed.

The electromagnetic application unit 45 is set up for the inside of the vessel 41 and thus the housing 43 and with it the material 51 the displacement body 52 , which according to the invention the volume adjustment element 50 form, to apply an electromagnetic field or a change in an electromagnetic field and thus due to the electromagnetically shape and / or volume-active nature of the underlying material 51 to cause a change in volume, through which the brake fluid 37 available free volume is modulated, thereby causing a pressure drop or possibly also a pressure build-up in the brake line 32 regardless of the actuation of the brake lever 31 to effect in order to thus realize an ABS function, in particular via a pressure drop.

An evaluation and control unit is used to control such a function 70 provided, which via a control and measuring line 72 on the one hand with a sensor 75 in the area of the brake 33 and in particular a wheel 9-1 , 9-2 of the vehicle 1 and on the other hand via further control and measuring lines 71 and 73 with the electromagnetic application unit 45 or the inlet valve 91 connected is.

The system of the braking assistance device according to the invention 100 according to the embodiment of 2 has an inlet valve as a further core element 91 on which is able to fluid mechanically the driver via the brake line 32 from the caliper 35 the brake 33 the braking system 30th to separate.

Furthermore, in this embodiment are in the brake fluid 37 Contain particles with or made of a magnetostrictive material. At an upper and a lower end of the pipe 32 and in particular in the fluid-mechanically integrated vessel there 41 are filters 42 attached to the position of magnetostrictive particles in the brake line 32 limit, especially to the area of the vessel 41 , which through the housing 43 the volume adjustment unit 40 is formed.

The brake line 32 is surrounded or sheathed by a coil with several windings, which acts as an electromagnetic application unit 45 acts and is able to generate a magnetic field and the material 51 to impress.

The inlet valve is in the inactive state 91 open and in the coils 45 no electricity flows. Thus, the driver can apply the brake 33 the braking system 30th operate normally.

As soon as the system detects that the wheel 9-1 , 9-2 blocked, it closes the inlet valve 91 and there is an exciting electric current in the electromagnetic applying unit 45 and their coils are generated. A magnetic field is generated by the current, which acts on the magnetostrictive particles. These particles act as displacement bodies 52 , that is, the magnetic field reduces the particles as displacement bodies 52 their own volume and thus increase that of the brake fluid 32 available free volume.

The brake pressure on the caliper 35 is reduced accordingly until the wheel 9-1 , 9-2 returns to the stable area with no or reduced slip.

In order to build up the brake pressure, the current in the coils of the electromagnetic application unit 45 reduced. As a result, the magnetic field strength decreases and the volume of the magnetostrictive particles increases.

Because the coil is the brake line 32 can walk along and follow, it is possible to implement a system with a very small diameter, which simplifies integration in a bicycle frame.

In the embodiment according to 3 and 4th is in place of the inlet valve 91 a safety device 60 designed in the form of a check valve, in cooperation with a safety element 61 acting pin, which mechanically with the displacement body 52 made of the electromagnetically shape and volume active material 51 of the volume adjustment element 50 is coupled so that a change in volume also changes the positioning of the pen 61 is effected as this in the transition between the 3 and 4th is shown.

The system of the braking assistance device according to the invention 100 according to this embodiment of 3 and 4th thus has the check valve as a further core element 60 as a safety device that is able to protect the driver from the brake caliper 35 to separate fluid mechanically.

In the inactive state, the check valve is 60 from the pen 61 kept open as a security element because this pen 61 with the active material 51 of the displacement body 52 as a volume adjustment element 50 in the storage chamber 41 the volume adjustment unit 40 which through the housing 43 is formed, is coupled.

In the storage chamber 41 is the active material 51 and is able to deal with the magnetic and / or electric field generated by the electromagnetic application unit 45 can be generated to interact and thereby reduce its own volume.

It can be, for example, an electroactive polymer, magnetostrictive materials, piezo materials and the like.

Alternatively or additionally, the use of ferromagnetic materials such as iron, nickel or cobalt is also conceivable or the use of pseudo-binary materials based on rare earth-iron compounds and / or Tersenol-D2 materials.

Depending on the active material 51 is this the volume adjustment element 50 for example, encased by a coil with several windings, which is able to generate a magnetic field in a controlled manner.

Alternatively, two opposing plates can serve as electrodes for the vessel 41 and housing 43 surrounded, the plates are then able to generate an electric field in a controlled manner.

The non-return valve is or becomes in the inactive state 60 from the pen 61 that is coupled to the active material is kept open. Thus, the driver can apply the brake 33 the braking system 30th over the lever 31 through fluid mechanical coupling via the brake line 32 operate normally.

As soon as the system detects that the wheel 9-1 , 9-2 runs unstably, a magnetic or electric field is generated - depending on the nature of the active material 51 - so that the volume of the active material 51 is reduced.

This also becomes the pen 61 moved, namely withdrawn. By moving the pen 61 the check valve closes 60 and the driver gets off the caliper 35 fluid mechanically separated.

By reducing the volume in the vessel 41 due to the volume reduction of the active material 51 this increases for the brake fluid 37 available free volume of the storage chamber 41 , consequently the pressure in the brake line 32 and thus the brake pressure on the brake caliper 35 and on the bike 9-1 , 9-2 lowered.

The brake pressure on the caliper 35 is therefore reduced accordingly until the wheel 9-1 , 9-2 comes back into a stable area with no or reduced slip.

In order to build up the brake pressure again, the magnetic or electric field is reduced. This again increases the volume of the active material 51 , the pressure in the brake fluid 37 and thus in the brake line 32 increases.

The advantages of the procedure according to the invention result in the possibility of realizing an ABS control with a practically infinite number of work cycles in connection with a very compact system which can be integrated in a simple and reliable manner, for example in a bicycle.

According to the invention, the braking assistance device is controlled by means of a method which carries out the method steps described above. In particular, it can be provided here that the method is used to implement an ABS control, for example in a hydraulic brake system on a two-wheeler, in particular on an electric bicycle.

Claims (11)

Brake assistance device (100) for a hydraulic brake system (30), with a volume adjustment unit (40), in which the volume adjustment unit (40) - Is hydraulically connected or connectable to a brake line (32), a reservoir (36), a transmitter (36) and / or a slave of the brake system (30), - Is set up to controllably vary a volume available to a brake fluid (37) of the brake system (30), and - To this end, has at least one volume control element (50) with or made of an electromagnetically shape- and / or volume-active material (51). Brake assistance device (100) according to Claim 1 , in which at least one component of the brake fluid (37) is formed with or from the electromagnetically shape- and / or volume-active material (51) and thus functions in particular as a volume control element (50). Brake assistance device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the volume adjustment unit (40) and in particular the volume control element (50) is or are set up for direct or indirect fluid-mechanical interaction with the brake fluid (37), in particular through direct mechanical contact with the brake fluid (37). Brake assistance device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the volume control element (50) - has or forms at least one displacement body (51), which is in particular designed as a bulk body or float, - has or forms at least one element of a volume adjustment vessel (41), in particular a wall element, a support structure, preferably between wall elements or the like and / or - has or forms at least one element (61) of a safety device (60) or a - in particular mechanical - coupling with such an element (61), in particular as part of or in connection with a safety valve, a check valve (62) or the like. Brake assistance device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the volume control element (50) has or forms a plurality and in particular a plurality of displacement bodies (51), which in particular - are suspended in the brake fluid (37), - Are designed as grains or particles or have grains or particles and / or - in a volume adjustment vessel (41) containing part of the brake fluid (37) and / or through which part of the brake fluid (37) flows, in particular with one or more filters (42) for retaining displacement bodies (51) in the volume adjustment vessel (41), as part of the volume adjustment unit (40) and / or as part of the brake line (32). Brake assistance device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, - in which the volume adjustment unit (40) has an electromagnetic loading unit (45) or a connection to an electromagnetic loading unit (45), - the electromagnetic application unit (45) being set up in particular to apply an electromagnetic field or a change in an electromagnetic field to the volume control element (50) at least in part in a controlled manner in order to adapt the volume of the volume control element (50), in particular in the manner of an electrode arrangement and / or a coil arrangement. Brake assistance device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, with an evaluation and control unit (70) which is designed to control the state of the volume adjustment unit (40) and in particular the volume control element (50), in particular on the basis of at least one sensor (75) ) recorded values. Brake assistance device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, - which is set up for a hydraulic brake system (30) for a vehicle (1) that can be driven by muscle power and / or by motor power, a bicycle, electric bicycle, eBike, pedelec, motorcycle, moped, quad or scooter and / or - in which the electromagnetically shape- and / or volume-active material (51) is or has a positive or negative or inverse electrostrictive, magnetostrictive and / or positive or negative or inverse piezoelectric material. Hydraulic brake system (30) for a vehicle (1) which can be driven by muscle power and / or by motor power, with: - a brake (33), - a brake line (32) for hydraulic connection with the brake (33) via a brake fluid (32) and - a braking assistance device (100) according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th . Vehicle (1) that can be driven with muscle power and / or with engine power, - with at least one wheel (9-1, 9-2) and - with a brake system (30) Claim 9 to brake the at least one wheel (9-1, 9-2) - which is designed in particular as a bicycle, electric bicycle, eBike, pedelec, motorcycle, small motorcycle, quad or scooter. Method for controlling a brake assistance device (100) according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th or a hydraulic brake system Claim 9 , in which the volume adjustment unit (40) is hydraulically connected or connectable to a brake line (32), a reservoir (36), a transmitter (36) and / or a slave of the brake system (30), the method being a brake fluid ( 37) the volume available to the brake system (30) varies, and the at least one volume control element (50) with or from an electromagnetically shape- and / or volume-active material (51).

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