DE102018216137A1 - Steering wheel for a road vehicle, road vehicle and method for operating a road vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) for a road motor vehicle, the road motor vehicle being designed in particular both for manual operation controlled by a driver and for at least partially autonomous operation with respect to steering, the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) has a steering wheel rim (101, 102) which is designed such that it can be brought from a first shape (1, 101) into a second shape (2, 102) by changing the shape and from the second shape (2, 102) can be brought into the first form (1, 101), in the second form (2, 102) the width of the steering wheel rim (101, 102) in relation to the straight position of the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) compared the first shape (1, 101) is larger and in the second shape (2, 102) the height of the steering wheel rim (101, 102) in relation to the straight position of the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) compared to the first shape ( 1, 101) is smaller.

Description

The invention relates to a steering wheel for a road motor vehicle, the road motor vehicle being designed in particular both for manual operation controlled by a driver and for at least partially autonomous operation. The invention further relates to a method for operating such a road motor vehicle.

When a road vehicle is controlled by a driver, the steering wheel is one of the most important controls since it enables the direction of travel to be controlled. In addition, a steering wheel can have control elements for further functions, including functions that relate to driving the vehicle. Such controls are used, for example, to control or regulate a distance from vehicles in front and / or to control a cruise control.

Road vehicles today have a continuously increasing level of automation functions that can relieve the driver and make the driving of the vehicle partially or completely autonomous. This means that a reduced degree of intervention or, in the case of a completely autonomous journey, no intervention by the driver is required to control the vehicle.

Road vehicles that enable partial and / or fully autonomous driving are nowadays often designed in such a way that they optionally enable a manually controlled drive. During a partially or completely autonomous journey, the driver is relieved or relieved of activities for controlling the driving operation of the vehicle.

When performing other activities during a partially or completely autonomous drive, it is advantageous for the driver to have increased freedom of movement in the driver's seat compared to the manually controlled drive. Controls that are not required during the partially or fully autonomous drive restrict the driver's freedom of movement. This particularly affects the steering wheel.

Depending on the type and construction of the vehicle, there is also the risk that the driver may inadvertently control functions during a partially and / or completely autonomous journey, for example by accidentally touching an operating element due to a lack of freedom of movement.

DE 10 2006 006 995 A1 discloses a motor vehicle comprising a steering wheel and an autopilot system which can be switched on and off, the steering wheel being automatically adjustable depending on the operating state of the autopilot system between a geometrically small shape when the autopilot system is switched on and a geometrically large shape when the autopilot system is switched off is.

DE 10 2016 011 461 A1 discloses a vehicle or aircraft which comprises at least one driver or pilot seat and at least one display device, the display device comprising at least one display surface which can be mounted in different positions and is directed against the driver or pilot seat. The display device is designed in such a way that the display surface can be moved to the driver's or pilot's seat and can be moved back again. The entire display area moves closer to the driver or pilot seat or moves back away from the driver or pilot seat. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a vehicle with at least one display device and at least one additional steering device, which comprises at least one steering wheel segment and / or at least one steering wheel lever, which can be folded over in the direction of a front and brought into a second position, in which the steering wheel segment or the steering wheel lever is essentially parallel to the steering axis.

It is an object of the invention to provide a steering wheel for a road motor vehicle, a road motor vehicle and a method for operating a road motor vehicle, which are designed to increase the freedom of movement of a driver during a partially or completely autonomous operation.

According to a basic idea of the invention, a steering wheel for a road motor vehicle is proposed, the height of which, viewed in the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel, can be reduced. By reducing the height, the freedom of movement in the area above the steering wheel and / or under the steering wheel is increased.

In particular, in order to achieve the object, the following is proposed: a steering wheel for a road motor vehicle, the road motor vehicle being designed in particular both for manual operation controlled by a driver and for at least partially autonomous operation with respect to steering, the steering wheel having a steering wheel rim which is designed such that it can be brought from a first form into a second form by changing the form and can be brought from the second form into the first form, the width of the steering wheel rim in relation to the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel in comparison with that in the second form first form is larger and in the second form the height of the steering wheel rim with respect to the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel is smaller in comparison to the first form.

As an alternative or in addition, it is proposed that the distance between two mutually opposite sections of the steering wheel rim is greater in comparison to the first shape along a first direction and the distance between two further opposite sections of the steering wheel rim is smaller in comparison to the first shape along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

The road motor vehicle can in particular be any type of powered vehicle that is intended for movement on roads. In particular, it can be a passenger car, for example a vehicle intended for private or business use or a vehicle intended for car sharing services. Alternatively, the road motor vehicle can in particular be a transport vehicle, for example a panel van, a light truck or a truck or a bus, for example a public transport bus, a trolleybus or a coach or a light vehicle, for example a four-wheeled light vehicle or a work vehicle Example, a construction vehicle or a refuse collection vehicle.

The manual operation controlled by the driver designates a driving mode in which the driver himself specifies, in particular changes and / or maintains a steering angle while driving. Such driving operation can in particular be designed such that no functions of a driver assistance system of the vehicle are carried out at all. Alternatively, such driving operation can allow functions of the assistance system that do not or do not directly specify the steering angle of the vehicle. These include, for example, functions of an anti-lock braking system, traction control, an anti-skid system, a navigation system, a cruise control, a cruise control, a lane change assistant, an emergency brake assistant. Alternatively, such driving operation can include functions of assistance systems that influence the steering angle, but enable and / or require control and / or correction by the driver. Such an assistance system could, for example, be a parking assistant, which enables automatic steering, but allows intervention in the steering at any time.

The at least partially autonomous operation with respect to the steering angle denotes a driving operation in which the driver does not or does not constantly specify a steering angle while driving. Such driving operation can in particular be designed in such a way that on some sections, for example motorways, steering intervention by the driver is not required or is only required in exceptional cases or only at the driver's request. Such driving operation can also be designed in such a way that the driver does not need to intervene in steering on all sections or only in exceptional cases or only at the driver's request. Such driving operation can in particular be completely autonomous. In this case, the driver does not specify or adjust the steering angle while driving, and, for example, does not specify the driving speed of the vehicle.

In particular, the steering wheel can have a smaller outer circumference compared to steering wheels of conventional vehicles with purely manual operation. For example, the outer circumference can be 10 to 20 percent smaller than that of conventional vehicle steering wheels. In a specific embodiment, the outer circumference can be in a range from 950 to 1100 mm, which corresponds to a ring diameter of approximately 300 to 350 mm with an approximately circular shape of the steering wheel rim. If driver assistance systems are increasingly active when operating modern vehicles and, optionally, steering intervention by the driver, at least temporarily, is not provided or is not required, the size of the steering wheels can be reduced compared to conventional vehicles.

The outer circumference of the steering wheel surrounding the steering axis can be in the first form, but need not necessarily be circular. Steering wheels of modern vehicles are often not completely circular. It has a steering wheel rim which forms the outer edge of the steering wheel, on which the driver usually holds the steering wheel with his hands. The steering wheel rim can be a part connected to an inner region of the steering wheel and / or a composite of several parts which - apart from at least one fixed or detachable connection to the inner region of the steering wheel - is otherwise independent. Alternatively, the steering wheel rim can at least partially form a common part / several common parts with the inner region of the steering wheel. This means, for example, that a part of the steering wheel rim, for example with a steering wheel spoke, which serves to hold the steering wheel rim and to transmit a steering torque applied by a driver to the steering axle, can form a common part.

The steering wheel rim can accordingly be designed as a part / plurality of parts with a completely encompassable, for example circular, cross-sectional area if the cross section is viewed transversely to the direction of rotation of the steering wheel rim around the steering axis. Alternatively or in addition, it can be designed as a part / integrated plurality of parts integrated with the inner region of the steering wheel. The steering wheel rim can, but does not have to, in relation to be 360 ° in its direction of rotation. In particular, it can have, for example, small interruptions, in particular interruptions that are small in comparison to the gripping hand of an average adult, so that there is no risk that a driver will reach into an empty area, for example when turning the steering wheel.

A change in shape of the steering wheel rim between the first and the second shape can be carried out in particular with the aid of a force, for example caused by the torque of at least one servomotor, which is arranged, for example, in or on the steering wheel or close to the steering wheel. Alternatively, such a force can be applied by a driver, for example. Such a servomotor can be arranged, for example, in the region of the steering axis, that is to say near the center of the steering wheel. The steering axis is the axis around which the steering wheel turns during a steering operation. The direction of the steering axis in the vehicle is referred to as the x direction. The servomotor can be, for example, an electric motor with at least one spindle and / or at least one rack. As an alternative or in addition, the shape change can be carried out, for example, by the driver, for example by - in the case of a shape change from the first shape to the second shape - pulling further apart regions of the steering wheel rim which are left and right in the width direction when the steering wheel is in a straight position, or partial areas of the steering wheel rim, which are above and below when the steering wheel is in a straight position, presses towards one another.

The first form can in particular be a form which is suitable for manual driving operation controlled by the driver. In particular, in this first form the steering wheel rim can be circular, circular in partial sections or approximately circular overall. In particular, the steering wheel rim in the first form can also have flats and / or interruptions.

The second form can be provided in particular for at least partially autonomous operation. The second form is such a form, which is characterized in that the freedom of movement of the driver is increased compared to the first form. This applies in particular to the freedom of movement of the driver in the area above the thighs in a normal sitting position and the area above the steering wheel through which the driver can look at and through the windshield. Is the height of the steering wheel rim z. B. with unchanged position of the center of the steering wheel rim in the second form, there is a greater distance between a driver's seat or an interior floor of the vehicle and the lower edge of the steering wheel rim. In addition, there is a larger area above the steering wheel for a view to the outside or to the area between the steering wheel and the windshield. The driver can also use the space above the steering wheel for hand movements, for example. Furthermore, in autonomous operation it is possible for the driver to view visual representations through the space above the windshield, which in particular are only permitted in autonomous operation. For example, the driver can view a screen or display in this way.

The width of the steering wheel rim indicates the greatest distance from the left to the right outer edge of the steering wheel rim in the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel. This distance is measured in relation to a horizontal direction, which is referred to as the y direction. The y-direction is orthogonal to the x-direction, which corresponds to the direction of the steering axis, and therefore runs horizontally from an edge of the steering wheel rim on one side to the side edge on the other side.

In the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel, the height of the steering wheel rim denotes the greatest distance from the upper to the lower edge of the steering wheel rim in relation to a z direction. The z direction is orthogonal to the x direction (direction of the steering axis) and to the y direction (horizontal). In most vehicles, the z-direction runs along a slope forwards and upwards or backwards and downwards.

It should be noted that orthogonal directions in the sense of vectors as opposed to axes are orthogonal if the scalar product of both directions or vectors is zero. This applies regardless of whether the vectors lie on axes that intersect with respect to the steering wheel or not.

As a consequence, the x direction, the y direction and / or the z direction do not have to intersect. This means that the width of the steering wheel is not necessarily measured in the horizontal line passing through the center of the steering wheel, but in the horizontal line in which the highest value for the width results. The same applies to the height of the steering wheel.

A change in shape from the first shape to the second shape and / or from the second shape to the first shape is particularly reversible. In this case, the steering wheel rim is designed in such a way that such changes in shape can be carried out many times and / or as often as desired. This can be achieved in particular by using flexible, stretchable materials for the steering wheel rim, which are nevertheless sufficiently rigid to form the steering wheel rim, for example suitable plastic. Alternatively or additionally, the steering wheel rim can have a plurality of flexible or rigid parts which are flexible in some areas and rigid in other areas which are connected to one another and which allow the shape changes mentioned due to their flexibility and / or their connections, which can be flexible or articulated. In particular, the use of articulated and / or flexibly interconnected links as parts of the steering wheel rim is discussed below.

In particular, the first shape and / or the second shape can be locked. One advantage is that the shape set in each case cannot be changed or cannot be changed significantly by forces acting on the steering wheel or the steering wheel rim. Such dimensional stability is often required. The lock can be released if the shape is to be changed again. In particular, a locking mechanism can be provided so that the steering wheel rim can be locked in the respective shape and the locking can be released again.

The first shape of the steering wheel rim can be a circular shape or can be closer to the circular shape than the second shape, which in particular can be closer to an oval shape or a square shape with convexly rounded longitudinal and / or transverse sides than the first shape. The circumference of the steering wheel rim in its circumferential direction about the steering axis can be the same in both forms or the circumference can be larger in the second form.

The steering wheel can be used as part of a steering system that has a mechanical connection to at least one steerable wheel of a vehicle. A decoupling option in the steering line between the steering wheel and the wheel is particularly useful here, so that the steering wheel does not automatically turn when the wheel is steered in an at least partially autonomous operation of the vehicle. Such a decoupling option can be a releasable coupling, for example. Alternatively, the steering wheel can be used as part of a steer-by-wire system. In this case there is no mechanical connection between the at least one steerable wheel and the steering wheel even in manual operation. However, it can also be provided in the at least partially autonomous operation of the vehicle that the steering wheel also performs a steering movement of the steered wheels. It is conceivable that the steering wheel is mechanically coupled to the at least one steerable wheel. In particular, however, it can be mechanically decoupled from the at least one steerable wheel, at least in the semi-autonomous or autonomous mode. In this case, the steering movement reproduced by the steering wheel can be generated by an actuator. Furthermore, in particular the steering movement reproduced by the steering wheel can have smaller rotary movements about the steering axis in relation to steering movements of the same size of the at least one steerable wheel than in the case of manual steering operation.

In both cases, a force feedback actuator can be present, which in particular simulates steering forces and / or vibrations of the steering system and / or forces acting on the steerable wheel from the road. Alternatively or additionally, the position and / or orientation of the steering wheel can in particular be adjustable relative to a steering wheel axis. For example, the position of the steering wheel can be adjustable in the direction of the steering axis and / or the steering wheel can be moved up and down.

In a space that is delimited from the outside by the steering wheel rim when the steering wheel is viewed from above in the direction of the steering wheel, in particular further operating elements and / or devices such as an airbag and / or a display can be provided. The parts mentioned can each be rotatable with the steering wheel rim and / or arranged in the cockpit, for example in the sense of a steering wheel with a fixed hub.

The proposed steering wheel offers the advantage that the freedom of movement for a driver of the road motor vehicle is increased compared to the first form when the steering wheel is in the second form. This can be the case in particular if the road motor vehicle is in an operation which is at least partially autonomous with regard to the steering.

In particular, the lower height of the steering wheel rim, or the smaller distance between the two further opposing sections of the steering wheel rim, means that there is more freedom of movement both above and below the steering wheel rim in the second form than in the first form. This means that the steering wheel sections above and below the steering wheel axis can both approach a horizontal plane if the steering wheel rim is brought into the second shape.

The freedom of movement is increased in particular in the area below the steering wheel, in which, for example, the driver's hips and / or thighs are located. Turning a driver's seat towards a vehicle interior so that the driver can turn towards additional passengers, for example, can be facilitated or made possible by the increased freedom of movement. The second form is advantageous not only for at least partially autonomous operation, but alternatively or additionally when the vehicle is at a standstill. The vehicle therefore does not necessarily have to be at least partially autonomous in order to use the invention to advantage.

Alternatively or additionally, the driver's field of vision can be larger in the second form through the area above the steering wheel, for example on display elements in the dashboard, for example a display.

In addition, the risk that the driver unintentionally acts on the steering wheel is reduced due to the increased freedom of movement. This applies in particular in the event that the steering is not uncoupled from the wheels when driving at least partially autonomously.

In an advantageous embodiment, a reversibly deformable stabilizing part, which extends in the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim, is arranged within at least one section of the steering wheel rim running in the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim, the stabilizing part being designed, the at least a portion of the steering wheel rim in the first form and / or to stabilize in the second form.

Such a stabilizing part can be, for example, a spring wire or a spring, in particular a pretensioned spring, for example a tension spring, a rubber spring and / or a spring made of a further elastic material or a spring of another type. Alternatively or additionally, the stabilizing part can, for example, be a tensioned rope ( e.g. wire rope) and / or have a tensioned wire.

The stabilizing part can extend in or along the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim at least over a portion of the steering wheel rim and alternatively or additionally over the entire steering wheel rim. In particular, it can prevent or restrict relative movements of different parts of the steering wheel rim. This applies in particular to those degrees of freedom of movement that relate to bends of the steering wheel rim in the axial or radial direction with respect to the steering axis and also to degrees of freedom that relate to compression or extension of the steering wheel rim in the tangential or circumferential direction.

If the steering wheel rim has, for example, articulated and / or flexibly interconnected links, the stabilizing part can run, for example, within such links through openings and / or recesses in them. The stabilizing part can be prestressed in particular in the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim. In any case, a relative movement of the links, which would lead to a change in the shape of the steering wheel rim, can be counteracted.

In particular, if the links are connected to one another in an articulated manner and have stops in relation to the articulated movements - as will be described further below - the stabilizing part can have the effect of counteracting a removal of the part in contact with the stop from the stop. The stabilizing part emits a corresponding force. The stops can in particular determine the degree of curvature of the steering wheel rim in the first and in the second form at least in sections: If two members touch each other on a first stop, the first shape can be set. If the same two links touch each other on a second stop, the second shape can be set. The stabilizing part can in particular have the effect that all pairs of adjacent links, each having a first and a second stop, are stabilized both in the first form and in the second form.

For this purpose, the stabilizing part can in particular - when viewed in cross sections orthogonal to the direction of rotation of the steering wheel rim around the steering axis - be arranged such that it runs closer to the inner peripheral edge of the steering wheel rim than to the outer peripheral edge. In this case, the stabilizing part supports in particular pressing the links together in an area on the inner circumferential edge of the steering wheel rim, in particular if joints of the links are arranged centrally in the cross section and have stops in the area of the inner circumferential edge. This can lead to a greater curvature of the steering wheel rim and therefore stabilize the first shape and support at least part of the change in shape to the first shape.

Alternatively, a stabilization part can in particular be arranged such that it runs closer to the outer circumferential edge of the steering wheel rim than to the inner circumferential edge. In this case, the stabilizing part supports in particular pressing the links together in a region on the outer circumferential edge of the steering wheel rim, in particular if the joints of the links are arranged centrally in the cross section and have stops on the outer circumferential edge. This can lead to a weaker curvature of the steering wheel rim and therefore stabilize the second shape and support at least part of the change in shape to the second shape.

Alternatively or additionally, and in particular if the steering wheel rim is at least partially formed by a flexible material, the stabilizing part can have a bending stiffness that Counteracts or prevents deformations in the axial or radial direction with respect to the steering axis.

The stabilizing part can in particular be made of plastic and / or metal, here for example a shape memory alloy, or consist of one of these materials.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the steering wheel rim has a plurality of articulated and / or flexibly interconnected links.

In particular, the links can be arranged like a chain, in particular on the top and the bottom of the steering wheel rim, alternatively in particular on the left and the right side of the steering wheel rim, in each case based on the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel. The links of the link chain are arranged in succession in the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim. The limbs can be surrounded by a part at least partially enveloping them, which can serve in particular for dimensional stability and / or for a corresponding haptic and / or visual perception. Furthermore, the links can be separated from a stabilizing part, e.g. as described elsewhere in the description. As an alternative or in addition, a stabilizing part can, for example, be connected to or in contact with the links on an outer and / or inner region of the links viewed in the radial direction.

The links can be connected to one another in an articulated manner, for example by means of joints which each allow only one rotational degree of freedom and whose axis of rotation in each case z. B. parallel or a few degrees (z. B. less than 10 degrees) inclined to the steering axis of the steering wheel. As an alternative or in addition, flexible connections that allow one or more degrees of freedom to connect the joints are possible.

The link chain (s) can extend in the circumferential direction around the steering axis over one or more sections of the steering wheel rim or over the entire steering wheel rim. Exactly one link chain is preferably present in an upper and in a lower section, in each case based on the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel. Spokes, arms and / or brackets can attach to the left and right side of the steering wheel, for example those spokes, arms and / or brackets whose length can be adjusted, for example, using at least one servomotor, so that the width of the steering wheel rim when changing from the first into the second form can be increased. Spokes, arms and / or brackets are particularly characterized in that they hold and / or support the steering wheel rim and guide the rotation of the steering wheel rim around the steering axis. They also serve in particular to transmit a steering torque and / or a steering angle to a material steering axle and / or steering column and / or to a steer-by-wire system, i.e. they are connected to the material steering axle and / or steering column and / or the steering wheel -by-wire system connected.

In particular in connection areas of the steering wheel rim, in which the spokes, arms and / or brackets are connected to the steering wheel rim, the steering wheel rim can be rigid and therefore in particular have no movable links. This can facilitate the connection between the spokes, arms and / or brackets and the steering wheel rim. Parts of the spokes, arms and / or brackets and parts of the steering wheel rim can also be integral parts, that is to say regions of the spokes, arms and / or brackets and of the steering wheel rim.

The links can in particular be connected to one another and to other parts of the steering wheel rim, for example connection areas as described above. The rotational mobility of the links with respect to one another and with respect to the other parts of the steering wheel rim can be limited, for example by stops as will be explained further below. The links can be shaped so that they form a handle-like shape of the steering wheel rim. In particular, they can be at least approximately and / or partially oval or round in cross section, the circumferential, tangential direction of the steering wheel rim being orthogonal or, in other words normal to the cross section. In particular, if there are other parts, in particular parts that enclose the links, an easily graspable shape of the steering wheel rim is realized in this way.

For reinforcement, the links can have rib-like partial areas, in particular in the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim and in and in the radial direction of the steering wheel rim, which in particular each form a favorable shape, see above.

The links can in particular be made at least partially of plastic and / or metal and / or a composite material, for example a fiber composite material, and / or a shape memory alloy.

Using links in the steering wheel rim represents a simple, durable and stable technical implementation of the deformable steering wheel rim described. Links can be used to switch between the first and the second form of the steering wheel rim.

In a further advantageous embodiment, at least one link is located on a stop of the steering wheel rim when the steering wheel rim has the first shape or the second shape. In particular, one link forms a stop surface for an adjacent link of the link chain.

A stop can relate in particular to the rotational mobility of a link to another link and a link to another part of the steering wheel rim, for example a connection area as described above.

A stop can in particular be formed by two surfaces, one surface on one link and the other surface on another, adjacent link or on a further part of the steering wheel rim. If these surfaces touch, a further relative movement of the link in relation to the other link or the further part of the steering wheel rim is not possible after reaching the first or second shape. In particular, a rotary movement is therefore limited as a relative movement.

A stop therefore offers a simple possibility to limit the angle between the two links or between one link and the further part of the steering wheel rim and thus to adjust it. As a result, the first shape and / or the second shape can be mechanically specified in a simple manner. In particular, a link chain can be designed in such a way that some or all of the links have stops which are just reached in the respective relative movements in the first or the second shape of the steering wheel rim, as a result of which the respective shape is mechanically predetermined.

In a further advantageous embodiment, at least one link is in each case at a first stop when the steering wheel rim has the first shape, and the at least one link is in each case at a second stop when the steering wheel rim has the second shape.

The two stops on one link limit a range of movement of the relative movement to an adjacent link and / or a further part of the steering wheel rim at two positions. If the relative movement is a rotational movement, in particular a rotational movement about an axis, the direction of which points along the direction of the steering axis, for example an articulated axis, the two stops therefore result in two defined rotational positions. The first position can correspond to the first shape and the second position can correspond to the second shape not only in the case of pure rotational mobility. This applies in particular to all links in the link chain.

The described configuration enables simple mechanical definitions of the first form and the second form, in each case a dimensionally stable setting of the desired form and a simple change between the first and the second form. Also, especially if a section-wise constant curvature of the steering wheel rim is desired in the first and / or in the second form, several similar members can be used. All links can also be of the same type, so that there is a constant curvature of the steering wheel rim at least in sections in both shapes. Furthermore, the use of other links easily enables the steering wheel to be changed over to other curvatures or a different curvature, in particular in the case of similar, exchangeable links.

Furthermore, the steering wheel rim can have at least on a partial area of its surface a part of a flexible material that runs around the steering wheel rim in a cross section that is at least partially orthogonal to the direction of rotation of the steering wheel rim around the steering axis.

The part that runs at least partially around the steering wheel rim can in particular be a hose-like part made of a flexible material, for example a plastic, a fabric and / or leather, which runs around a partial section of the steering wheel rim. In particular, the flexible material can be a fibrous material. The at least partially rotating part serves, in particular, to upholster the inner parts of the steering wheel rim, for example links, in particular to the outside, and to improve the grip with the hand or hands. It can also serve to improve the aesthetic appearance of the steering wheel rim and the tactile sensation when touching the steering wheel rim.

In addition to a tubular shape that encloses at least a partial section or the entire steering wheel rim in the cross section orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim, a tubular shape that is open on at least one side of this cross section is also possible, for example in the sense of a slit in the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim, circumferential hose. The slot can run, for example, in the interior of the steering wheel rim, in which a driver does not or only rarely grips the steering wheel rim.

If the steering wheel has spokes, arms and / or brackets which are connected to connection regions of the steering wheel rim which are in particular unchangeable in shape, the connection regions in particular can be designed without a part which runs around at least partially. If the connection areas for example left and right are arranged in the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel, only the partial areas of the steering wheel rim in the upper and lower areas, each lying in the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim between the two connecting areas, can be equipped with at least partially rotating parts that are orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim.

The part running around the steering wheel rim in this cross section at least partially represents a simple possibility of covering internal parts of the steering wheel rim and cushioning and protecting them from the outside. The palpability by a driver, the haptic impression and / or the aesthetic appearance is / are improved.

Furthermore, the steering wheel rim can be padded at least in a partial area by a flexible material.

By padding, on the one hand, in particular protection of internal parts, for example protection of limbs and / or a stabilizing part, can be achieved. Such protection is particularly effective in the case of high forces, such as jerky steering movements.

Furthermore, padding, in particular body parts, in particular hands, of the driver can be protected, for example with regard to stops of limbs which are pressed together when there is a change in shape. Such a function can alternatively or additionally be achieved by a part running at least partially in a cross section orthogonal to the direction of rotation of the steering wheel rim. Padding also offers protection against forces caused by an accident.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the steering wheel has a servomotor and the steering wheel rim can be converted from the first form into the second form with the aid of the servomotor.

The servomotor can in particular be an electric motor that is controlled, for example, by a manual command given by the driver or by a control command, for example by a control device of a vehicle. Such a command can in particular contain a command for switching on or off and / or an indication of the desired direction of rotation of the servomotor, so that a change from the first to the second or from the second to the first form is initiated and / or ended.

The servomotor can be arranged in particular in the interior of the steering wheel rim, for example in the vicinity of the steering axis. The servomotor can be arranged, for example, on a part of the steering wheel that rotates with the steering wheel rim or is stationary, for example an instrument carrier. Such an instrument carrier can be located within the steering wheel rim and can contain, for example, an airbag and / or operating elements and / or a display. The servomotor can also be arranged on the steering wheel rim and / or connected to it.

The servomotor can in particular have a spindle, in particular a threaded spindle, which can bring about a linear movement of a further part, for example having an internal thread engaging with the threaded spindle, along the spindle. The further part can in particular be connected to the steering wheel rim, possibly via further parts, so that a deformation of the steering wheel rim is possible, in particular at a force application point at which the force caused by the servomotor hits and / or acts on the steering wheel rim.

In particular, the steering wheel rim can have connection areas on the left and right when the steering wheel is in the straight-ahead position, or can be connected to connection areas which are connected to spokes, arms and / or brackets. The position and / or length of the spokes, arms and / or brackets can each be changed due to the force caused by the servomotor, the spokes, arms and / or brackets also being connected to a bearing that allows rotation about the steering axis could be. Changes in position and / or length of the spokes, arms and / or holders can cause a change from the first to the second shape or from the second shape to the first shape of the steering wheel rim.

The spokes, arms and / or brackets can, in particular, be guided on any linear guides of any type, for example linear bearings, sliding sleeves and / or thrust joints, and can be sled-like on such straight guides when the steering wheel is in the straight-ahead position. In addition to the one servomotor, there can be several servomotors which, for example in the case of two servomotors, can each cause length changes of one of two spokes, arms and / or brackets. Other configurations are possible. Thus one or more servomotors can apply the force / forces required to change between the first and the second form, in particular by means of gears, racks and / or worm gears.

Servomotors, especially electric servomotors are a simple, reliable, easy to maintain, inexpensive, easy to use Example, a driver or controllable by a control device of a vehicle and comfortable for the driver in use to bring about changes in shape of the steering wheel rim between the first and the second shape.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the servomotor acts on at least one of two sections of the steering wheel rim, which are arranged on the left and right in the steering wheel rim with respect to the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel.

In particular, two servomotors can be provided, of which one servomotor acts on a section of the steering wheel rim. The servomotors can act in particular on spokes, arms and / or brackets which are connected to the steering wheel rim on the steering wheel rim on the left and right with respect to the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel. The spokes, arms and / or brackets can in particular be designed in such a way that they can carry out changes in their length or position by means of at least one servomotor, in particular in such a way that an extension and / or a change in the position in each case in the radial direction with respect to the steering wheel rim results to the outside. In the case of a transition from the second form to the first form, a shortening and / or a change in the position results in each case in the radial direction inwards with respect to the steering wheel rim.

As an alternative or in addition, a configuration is particularly possible in which spokes, arms and / or brackets are connected at the top and bottom with respect to the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel with the steering wheel rim and which transmit forces to the steering wheel rim for the transition between the first and the second form. One or more servomotors, in particular two, can act on the steering wheel rim above and below via the spokes, arms and / or holders.

The steering wheel rim can have connection areas for connection to spokes, arms and / or brackets or can be connected to connection areas. Such a connection area can in particular be permanently or detachably connected to a spoke, an arm and / or a holder, and / or represent a common part with a spoke, an arm and / or a holder. A connection area can further comprise a further part of the steering wheel, in particular a section of the steering wheel rim.

The configuration described enables simple, compact and functional transmission of forces which are brought about by the servomotor to the steering wheel rim.

Furthermore, a road motor vehicle with a steering wheel is proposed in one of the configurations described. The road motor vehicle can in particular be a passenger car, but also another road motor vehicle, for example in accordance with one of the road motor vehicles described above.

In an advantageous embodiment, the steering wheel rim can be rotated about a horizontal axis of rotation (horizontal) perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the steering wheel.

In particular, at least one spoke, an arm and / or a holder, in particular two spokes, arms and / or a holder, which carry the steering wheel rim and carry it with one turn, can be arranged rotatably about a horizontal which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the steering wheel. Such rotatability can be realized, for example, with a material axis of rotation on which at least one spoke, an arm and / or a holder is rotatably mounted. In particular, displacements of the at least one spoke, the at least one arm and / or the at least one holder along the material axis of rotation may be possible, which enable transitions between the first form and the second form.

For example, a rotation can be carried out manually and / or with the aid of a servomotor. In particular, such a servomotor can be connected to a gearwheel arranged on the axis of rotation, for example via a further gearwheel and / or gear and / or a worm arranged on the servomotor for the purpose of executing rotations. Rotational positions - in particular such a rotational position that enables the normal use of the steering wheel in a vehicle and in particular a rotational position in which the center of gravity of the steering wheel has moved downwards - can be lockable, for example by means of locking bolts and / or stops in one which effects the rotation Rotating mechanism.

A rotation of the steering wheel rim - starting from the normal position of the steering wheel in a cockpit of the vehicle intended for manual driving - can in particular be undertaken in a direction in which the center of gravity of the steering wheel moves downward. This can correspond in particular to a downward rotation of the steering wheel rim, so that, for example, the steering wheel rim is turned towards a leg rest of a driver's seat and / or a footwell of the driver. An additional movement of the steering wheel rim towards the front, for example under a dashboard, is possible, especially to further increase a driver's freedom of movement.

Alternatively or additionally, the steering wheel rim can also be rotated in the opposite direction, in particular so that the center of gravity of the steering wheel rim moves upward. This can correspond in particular to an upward rotation of the steering wheel rim, so that, for example, the steering wheel rim is turned towards a windscreen. An additional movement of the steering wheel rim in the forward direction, for example into an area near the lower start of a windshield, is possible, in particular in order to further increase the driver's freedom of movement.

Such a rotary movement of the steering wheel rim can take place during the journey, in particular, as soon as the steering wheel is not required, in particular in an operation that is at least partially autonomous with respect to the steering. Alternatively, such a rotary movement can be carried out while standing.

In addition to the steering wheel rim, such a rotary movement can also relate to a steering wheel hub which, for example, has an airbag, operating elements and / or a display, the rotation of an airbag in particular not appearing generally desirable. The steering wheel hub preferably remains in its previous location in the cockpit despite the rotary movement of the steering wheel rim, so that operating elements and / or a display remain usable. The same applies preferably to an airbag.

A wired control element and / or a further device that requires wiring and is present on the steering wheel rim and / or a further part that also carries out the rotary movement, for example a steering wheel hub, can in particular be provided by at least one inside the steering wheel and / or of the steering wheel rim guided cable, which allows a change in length, be connected to another device of the road vehicle. Such a cable can be, for example, a flexible cable and / or a cable with a clock spring. Such a further device can be, for example, a control unit and / or a display or an equipment feature of the vehicle, for example a radio, an on-board computer, a navigation system or a heating and ventilation system.

The driver's freedom of movement can be increased further by rotating the steering wheel rim. Furthermore, the rotary movement is an easy to carry out process that can be carried out quickly when required, for example when changing from a trip that is at least partially autonomous in terms of steering to a manual trip. In the event of an accident, particularly during a trip that is partially autonomous with respect to steering, safety is increased, since the risk of body parts hitting the steering wheel is reduced.

Furthermore, a method for operating a road motor vehicle is proposed, the road motor vehicle being designed both for manual operation controlled by a driver and for operation that is at least partially autonomous in terms of steering, with a change from a manual to a with respect to the Steering at least partially autonomous operation, a steering wheel rim of a steering wheel of the vehicle undergoes a first change of shape from a first shape to a second shape, the width of the steering wheel rim being larger in relation to the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel in comparison with the first shape and in the second shape second form, the height of the steering wheel rim in relation to the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel is smaller in comparison with the first form, and when changing from an at least partially autonomous operation to manual operation of the steering wheel rim of the steering wheel of the vehicle, a second change in shape from the second form to the first Takes shape. Instead of a change from a manual operation to an at least partially autonomous operation with regard to the steering (and vice versa), it can also be a different change, e.g. B. from manual operation in terms of steering to use of the vehicle at a standstill (and vice versa).

In particular, a change in shape from the first shape to the second shape can be carried out simultaneously or shortly after the change from a manual operation to an operation which is at least partially autonomous with respect to the steering, wherein “shortly after” for a period of for example 1- Stands for 10 seconds. This means that there is no period in which the vehicle is driving uncontrolled. Such a change can in particular be triggered manually by a driver. Such a change can also be triggered automatically with the help of sensors, for example when the driver passes out.

In particular, a change in shape from the second shape to the first shape can be carried out shortly before the change from an operation which is at least partially autonomous with regard to the steering to a manual operation. For example, a driver can grip the steering wheel shortly before the change, so that there is no period in which the vehicle is driving uncontrollably. The driver can automatically know that such a change is imminent, for example by means of an optical and / or acoustic signal and / or a vibration signal and / or for example an optical and / or acoustic countdown.

The described method enables an easy to implement improvement in the freedom of movement of a driver when the road motor vehicle is at least partially autonomous with respect to steering. Turning a driver's seat towards a vehicle interior so that the driver can turn towards additional passengers, for example, can be facilitated or made possible by the increased freedom of movement.

In an advantageous embodiment, before or after the first change in shape, or simultaneously with it, the steering wheel rim rotates downward about a horizontal that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the steering wheel.

Such a rotary movement has already been described above. The rotary movement can take place, in particular in close proximity, for example in the order of magnitude of 1-5 seconds before or after, or simultaneously with / with the first change in shape. When changing from a manual to a partially autonomous operation, at least with regard to the steering, it is to be avoided that the rotary movement takes place before the change, so that no period can occur in which the vehicle is driving uncontrollably.

The rotary movement can in particular be triggered and / or carried out manually and / or automatically. In particular, a setting option, for example for setting by the driver, can be present in the road motor vehicle, in which the driver can determine whether the rotary movement should take place at all or not. Further technical details have already been mentioned above in the description of the corresponding vehicle.

On the occasion of a second change in shape, in particular before or after or simultaneously with such a change, the steering wheel rim rotates upward about a horizontal that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the steering wheel. Such a rotary movement should be completed when a change is made from at least partially autonomous operation to manual operation of the vehicle.

The described method enables a driver's freedom of movement to be further improved in the case of an at least partially autonomous operation of a road motor vehicle with regard to steering. Further advantages have already been mentioned above in the description of the corresponding vehicle.

In an advantageous embodiment, a change in shape from the first to the second shape or from the second to the first shape and / or a rotary movement is / are triggered by a control signal from a control device and the change in shape and / or the rotary movement is carried out by at least one servomotor.

A change in shape from the first to the second shape and / or a rotary movement downwards, in particular when changing from a manual to an operation that is at least partially autonomous in terms of the steering, can be proposed by the control unit, in particular to the driver, for example by an acoustic and / or an optical signal, for example a voice output and / or a display on a display. The control device can be a control device which is at least partially integrated in the vehicle and which can additionally have a radio interface and / or a receiver of a navigation satellite system.

Alternatively or additionally, such a change in shape and / or such a rotary movement can be carried out automatically if the driver initiates such a change or agrees to it. Alternatively, in a non-preferred embodiment, both such a change in shape from the first to the second shape and / or such a rotary movement and such a change can be carried out automatically, without the driver having to do anything.

A change in shape from the second to the first shape and / or a rotary movement back upward, in particular when changing from an operation which is at least partially autonomous in terms of steering to manual operation, can / may be proposed or announced, in particular, to the driver, preferably by a control unit be, for example by an acoustic and / or an optical signal, for example a voice output and / or a display on a display, or a countdown. As an alternative or in addition, such a change in shape and / or such a rotary movement can be carried out when the driver initiates such a change. Alternatively, in a non-preferred embodiment, both such a change in shape from the second to the first shape and / or such a rotary movement and such a change can be carried out automatically, without the driver's intervention, and without notice.

The use of servomotors to carry out shape changes and / or rotary movements has already been explained above. The use of such servomotors increases the comfort for a driver of the vehicle. The use of control signals from a control device increases comfort and safety, in particular if the driver is informed in advance of the upcoming change in the event of a change from an operation which is at least partially autonomous in terms of steering to manual operation.

• 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Lenkrad in der ersten Form in schematischer Ansicht;
• 2 ein erfindungsgemäßes Lenkrad in der zweiten Form in schematischer Ansicht;
• 3 den Lenkradkranz des in 1 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Lenkrads in der ersten Form mit Verbindungsbereichen in teilgeschnittener Darstellung in schematischer Ansicht;
• 4 den Lenkradkranz des in 2 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Lenkrads in der zweiten Form mit Verbindungsbereichen in teilgeschnittener Darstellung in schematischer Ansicht;
• 5 ein ausgeformtes Glied in schematischer Ansicht;
• 6 ein Cockpit mit dem in den 1 und 3 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Lenkrad in der ersten Form in schematischer Ansicht;
• 7 ein Cockpit mit dem in den 2 und 4 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Lenkrad in der zweiten Form in schematischer Ansicht;
• 8 ein Cockpit mit dem in den 2 und 4 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Lenkrad mit gedrehtem Lenkradkranz in der zweiten Form in schematischer Ansicht.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The individual figures in the drawing show:

• 1 an inventive steering wheel in the first form in a schematic view;
• 2nd an inventive steering wheel in the second form in a schematic view;
• 3rd the steering wheel rim of the in 1 Steering wheel according to the invention shown in the first form with connection areas in a partially sectioned representation in a schematic view;
• 4th the steering wheel rim of the in 2nd Steering wheel according to the invention shown in the second form with connection areas in a partially sectioned representation in a schematic view;
• 5 a molded link in a schematic view;
• 6 a cockpit with that in the 1 and 3rd Steering wheel according to the invention shown in the first form in a schematic view;
• 7 a cockpit with that in the 2nd and 4th Steering wheel according to the invention shown in the second form in a schematic view;
• 8th a cockpit with that in the 2nd and 4th Steering wheel according to the invention with rotated steering wheel rim in the second form in a schematic view.

The same reference numerals are used in different figures for functionally identical devices and elements.

1 shows an embodiment of a steering wheel in a first form 1 in a schematic view. Outside in the figure is a circumferential steering wheel rim in the first form 101 with two connection areas 11 shown, the connection areas 11 are arranged left and right. The connection areas 11 are parts of the steering wheel rim in the first form 101 (and a steering wheel rim in the second form 102 , see for example 2nd ), but can also be designed at least in part as separate parts with the steering wheel rim in the first form 101 (and the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 , see for example 2nd ) can be connected in any way. In particular, the connection areas 11 in particular holder, arms and / or spokes, which have the steering wheel rim in the first form 101 (and the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 , see for example 2nd ) with a material steering axis L connect at least indirectly.

Above and below in 1 are a first section T1 of the steering wheel rim 101 and a second section T2 of the steering wheel rim 101 shown, each in the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim 101 and between the connection areas 11 extend. As will be explained later (for example in relation to 3rd and 4th ), have the subsections T1 and T2 Limbs 21 and limbs G2 (please refer 3rd and 4th ) each inside.

Inside the steering wheel rim 101 runs a circumferential stabilization part 12th . It runs in the radial direction at a smaller distance from the center of the steering wheel 1 than the center line M of the cross section of the steering wheel rim which is orthogonal to the circumferential direction 1 . Alternatively, it can be at the midline M run. Alternatively, it can also be at a greater distance from the center of the steering wheel in the radial direction 1 than the center line M run. Alternatively or additionally, several stabilizing parts can be used 12th be provided at the same or different heights.

The stabilizing part 12th is designed as a spring wire, but can also be designed differently and in particular consist of a thicker part that can not only absorb tensile forces, but also bending forces, for example, solely for the dimensional stability of the steering wheel rim in the first form 101 can also contribute to bending deformations of the steering wheel rim. Between the connection areas 12th and the subsections T1 and T2 are joints G1 arranged, each one rotation around a along the direction of the material steering axis L Allow running direction.

Inside the steering wheel 1 are two sledges 16 arranged, which are designed to perform sideways movements to the left and to the right. On the sledge 16 are each servomotors 13 attached to effect a change in shape of the steering wheel rim. They each have a horizontally extending spindle 14 that engage with a horizontally extending female threaded sleeve 15 located. The sledge 16 enclose a horizontal axis of rotation using openings 34 and a sliding bracket 18th which extends in the horizontal direction. The steering wheel holder 19th are designed the sliding beam 18th and the female threaded sleeve 15 to hold without a translatory or rotational movement between the parts mentioned is possible. The steering wheel holder 19th are still designed, the horizontal axis of rotation 34 to keep being a rotational movement the horizontal axis of rotation 34 about its axis of rotation relative to the steering wheel holders 19th is possible. The storage of the horizontal axis of rotation 34 in the steering wheel holders 19th can be done, for example, by at least one roller and / or slide bearing.

The steering wheel holder 19th and the female threaded sleeve 15 are with the material steering axis L connected as in the 1 through profiles on the material steering axis L approach, is shown schematically. The material steering axis L is configured to transmit a steering angle and / or a steering torque to the wheels of a vehicle, for example using a mechanical connection to wheels of a vehicle or using a steer-by-wire system.

Outside next to the sled 16 are sliding sleeves 17th arranged, which are configured, along the horizontal axis of rotation 34 to slide and a sideways force each on the connection areas 11 about camp 33 transferred to. Other types of power transmission are alternatively or additionally possible. Camps 33 allow each along the horizontal axis of rotation 34 to slide, but are otherwise in all other degrees of freedom with the horizontal axis of rotation 34 firmly connected. In particular, they allow a torque to be transmitted in the direction of the horizontal axis of rotation 34 from the connection areas 11 on the horizontal axis of rotation 34 . Such a coupling is possible, for example, with the aid of a displaceable splined shaft connection or a displaceable splined shaft connection. Such a connection is in 1 not shown. Alternatively, other types of connection are possible, which are characterized in that they have a torque in the direction of the horizontal axis of rotation 34 from the connection areas 11 on the horizontal axis of rotation 34 can transmit.

The horizontal axis of rotation 34 is with a gear wheel on the axis of rotation 32 connected such that a torque from the axis-side gear 32 on the horizontal axis of rotation 34 can be transferred. The gearwheel on the rotary axis 32 is in mesh with a gear on the motor side 31 , which in turn with the servomotor 30th is connected to its axis of rotation. Alternatively, another construction, for example a gear and / or worm gear, is also possible at this point. The servomotor 30th is held by the sliding support 18th , its axis of rotation is in front of the sliding beam 18th . Alternatively, the servomotor 30th held by another part, for example a steering wheel holder 19th . Alternatively, the axis of rotation of the servomotor can also 30th elsewhere, for example behind the sliding beam 18th .

The horizontal axis of rotation 34 extends in the longitudinal direction to the left and to the right into areas which, viewed in the direction of the material steering axis L , behind the connection areas 11 lie. The horizontal axis of rotation 34 is shown in these areas by broken lines.

The first section T1 and the second section T2 each have a flexible protective sleeve 35 on, the hose-like and / or enveloping around the first section T1 and the second section T2 runs around. The protective sleeve can be in particular on the joints G1 be open so that one joint axis each through the flexible protective sleeve 35 can step through. The flexible protective sleeve 35 can consist, for example, of a plastic and / or a fabric and / or leather. It can have padding on the outside and / or on the inside.

In 2nd is the steering wheel in the second form 2nd shown. Apart from a change in shape, it corresponds to the steering wheel in the first shape 1 , this in 1 is shown. The reference symbols are therefore adopted, whereby in 2nd the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 is present. The sledge 16 are each moved further outward than the first shape, along the horizontal axis of rotation 34 , the sliding beam 18th and the in 2nd extended spindles 14 . The connection areas 11 are each further out than in the first form. The first section T1 and the second section T2 are each less curved than in the first form.

Starting from the in 1 shown, the first form a transition to the second form, the actuators 13 operated. Through their rotations and the respective engagement with the internal thread sleeve 15 become the spindles 14 relative to the internal thread sleeve 15 moved outwards. The sledge 16 slide along the horizontal axis of rotation 34 and along the sliding beam 18th outwards, the sled 16 is guided through the two parts mentioned. About the sliding sleeves 17th there is a sideways movement on the bearings on the left and right 33 and thus on the connection areas 11 and on the steering wheel rim in the first form 101 transferred (see 1 ), so that the in 2nd shown state in which the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 is present.

The stabilizing part 12th , all around in the steering wheel rim in the first form 101 and in the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 runs, when changing from the first form to the second form, it is further stretched beyond its possible preload (on tension), because the length of one round at the level of the stabilization part 12th increases here. That is, the stabilizing part 12th causes tension towards the first form through its tension. It is made up of limbs 21 led through (cf. 3rd and 4th ) and in the connection areas 11 for example through internal channels. Alternatively, configurations of the steering wheel are in the first form 1 and the steering wheel in the second form 2nd possible in which the stabilizing part 12th outside the center line M lies. Due to its pre-tension (on tension), the stabilizing part causes 12th then a striving towards the second form, because the length of one revolution in the second form is then less.

It can be seen that the sledge 16 in 2nd (second form) are further out than in 1 . (first form). Both the first shape and the second shape can be locked. Such lockability can be achieved, for example, by means of stops on links 21 (see for example 3rd and 4th ) and / or stops between connection areas 11 and limbs 21 or for example via stops on the spindles 14 can be achieved. Alternatively or additionally, stops on the horizontal axis of rotation 34 and / or the sliding support 18th possible.

The 1 and 2nd represent an exemplary possibility of a force application mechanism acting on the connection areas 11 of the steering wheel in the first form 1 and the steering wheel in the second form 2nd works. Alternatively or additionally, other constructions are possible for a force application mechanism. The essential feature here only has to be that forces acting in the horizontal, which can bring about a transition from the first shape to the second shape and from the second shape to the first shape, can be applied. Numerous different possibilities are known for this.

The 1 and 2nd further represent exemplary possibilities of a rotary mechanism that a rotation of the steering wheel in the first form 1 and the steering wheel in the second form 2nd around a horizontal, orthogonal to the material steering axis L arranged axis of rotation (horizontal axis of rotation 34 ) allowed. Alternatively or additionally, other constructions are also possible for such a rotating mechanism. The essential feature here only has to be that rotation about the said axis of rotation is possible. Numerous different possibilities are known for this.

Especially before the in the 1 and 2nd illustrated parts that do not form the steering wheel rim in the first form 101 or the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 belong, there may be other parts that are in the 1 and 2nd are not shown. These can be, for example, in particular: a cover, an airbag, a display and operating elements, for example those operating elements that are often installed in multifunction steering wheels (for example for operating a radio, a heating and ventilation system, a cruise control, for initiating gear changes , to control an on-board computer etc.). Such further parts can be present in a fixed hub, which is connected, for example, to a dashboard. This fixed hub assumes no steering angles and / or no angles of rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation 34 . As an alternative or in addition, such further parts can be present in a non-stationary hub, which is oriented with a steering angle and / or with a rotation about the horizontal axis of rotation 34 moved along. Levers usually located on steering wheels, for example for controlling a turn signal and / or lighting devices or windshield wipers, can rotate about the horizontal axis of rotation 34 follow along or alternatively remain stationary during such a rotation.

In 3rd is the steering wheel rim in the first form 101 shown. The first section above T1 is shown in section, so that a view from behind the flexible protective sleeve 35 lying parts is possible. Links lie behind the protective sleeve 21 by limb joints G2 are rotationally interconnected. At the beginning and at the end of the first section T1 and the second section T2 lying joints G1 are connections between the links there 21 and the connection areas 11 . Except rotations around the joint axes of the joints G1 and the joints G2 exist between two links 21 as well as the limbs 21 and the connection areas 11 no further degrees of freedom. Centered on the top of the steering wheel rim in the first shape 101 there is a middle link 22 . It is also through limb joints G2 with limbs 21 connected, which only allow rotations about the respective joint axis. There are no further degrees of freedom between a link 21 and a middle link 22 .

The limbs 21 and the middle link 22 have stops. On the inside of the first section T1 are closed first stops GA1 in front. On the outside of the first section T1 there are open second stops OA1 in front. The closed first stops GA1 consist of two touching surfaces - one surface each is on a link 21 or on the middle link 22 . You mechanically define the first shape in which the steering wheel rim in the first shape 101 exists as in 3rd shown. The second open stops OA2 consist of two non-touching surfaces - one surface is located on one link 21 or on the middle link 22 . They mechanically define the second form in which the Steering wheel rim in the second form 102 is present (see 4th ).

The preload (on tension) of the stabilizing part 12th and two not in 3rd shown, from the connection areas 11 towards the center of the steering wheel rim in the first shape 101 pointing and each to a connection area 11 Horizontal forces that are caused and / or transmitted by internal parts (especially the slides 16 and the servomotors 13 , see. 1 ), cause the closed first stops GA1 are closed and the open second stops OA2 are open. The horizontal forces mentioned do not necessarily have to be present, since the stabilizing part is already preloaded 12th striving towards the first shape and maintaining that shape.

The 4th differs from that 3rd in that in it the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 is shown. Aside from the attacks that occurred in 4th changed, the descriptions of the 3rd For 4th analogous.

The limbs 21 and the middle link 22 have stops. On the inside of the first section T1 there are open first stops OA1 in front. On the outside of the first section T1 there are closed second stops GA2 in front. The open first stops OA1 consist of two non-touching surfaces - one surface each is on a link 21 or on the middle link 22 . You mechanically define the first shape in which the steering wheel rim in the first shape 101 is present (see 3rd ). The closed second stops GA2 each consist of two contacting surfaces - one surface is located on one link 21 or on the middle link 22 . You mechanically define the second form, in which the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 exists as in 4th shown.

Two not in 4th illustrated, in the direction away from the center of the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 pointing and each to a connection area 11 Horizontal forces that are caused and / or transmitted by internal parts (especially the slides 16 and the servomotors 13 , see. 2nd ), cause the open first stops OA1 are open and the closed second stops GA2 are closed. Each on a connection area 11 Horizontal forces act counter to the tension (on tension) of the stabilizing part 12th which causes a striving towards the first form. In effect, the horizontal forces exceed the tension of the stabilizing part 12th . Therefore the second form is in the 4th shown state set.

When changing from the first shape to the second shape, caused by the horizontal forces mentioned, the stops change from in 3rd shown state to in 4th shown condition. Also the connection areas 11 can each have stops which each carry the mechanical definitions of the first form and / or the second form. However, embodiments are also possible in which the connection areas 11 have no stops.

5 provides an exemplary link 21 schematically, but more detailed than in the 3rd and 4th . The link has a passage 37 for the stabilizing part 12th on. The stabilizing part 12th can be used to guide limbs 21 serve. The link shown 21 exhibits increasing longitudinal stiffeners 201 , Longitudinal stiffeners 202 and cross stiffeners 203 on, all of the stability of the limb 21 and serve to shape a steering wheel rim. The Member 21 has an inner joint part 204 and an outer joint part 205 on, with the outer joint part 205 in two outdoor areas 205a and 205b consists of - with an articulated connection of two links 21 - the inner joint part 204 of another link 21 surrounded so that through the openings shown a hinge pin for realizing a joint G2 (see. 3rd and 4th ) can for example be inserted and / or pressed and / or screwed.

Also other designs of links 21 , for example with other configurations of longitudinal and transverse stiffeners and / or other types of joints, for example realized with a flexible material, are possible. Limbs 21 can in particular consist of metal and / or plastic and / or fiber-reinforced materials.

In 6 is a steering wheel rim in the first form 101 on a steering wheel in the first form 1 on a dashboard C. of a road motor vehicle shown schematically. There is also a steering wheel hub 36 that are opposite the steering wheel rim in the first form 101 is certain. In particular, the steering wheel hub 36 with the dashboard C. be connected and / or mounted on it. The steering wheel hub 36 can in particular have a display, for example a touchscreen, and / or an airbag and / or operating elements.

In 7 is the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 on a steering wheel in the second form 2nd on the dashboard C. shown. The freedom of movement above and below the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 is in the first form compared to the steering wheel rim 101 (please refer 6 ) increased because the height of the steering wheel is reduced. The steering wheel hub 35 is unchanged.

In 8th is the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 shown, being around a horizontal axis (cf. horizontal axis of rotation 34 in the 1 and 2nd ) is turned down towards a floor of the road motor vehicle. The steering wheel results in the second form 2 B with turned steering wheel rim. In particular, the freedom of movement above the steering wheel rim in the second form 102 is increased. To further increase freedom of movement, the steering wheel can, for example, be moved forward in particular. The steering wheel hub 36 is unchanged.

Reference list

1

Steering wheel in the first form

2nd

Steering wheel in the second form

2 B

Steering wheel in the second form with turned steering wheel rim

101

Steering wheel rim in the first form

102

Steering wheel rim in the second form

11

Connection area

12th

Stabilizing part

13

Servomotor

14

spindle

15

Internal thread sleeve

16

carriage

17th

Sliding sleeve

18th

Sliding beam

19th

Steering wheel holder

21

element

22

Middle link

30th

Servomotor

31

gear on the motor side

32

Gearwheel on the rotary axis

33

camp

34

horizontal axis of rotation

35

flexible protective sleeve

36

Steering wheel hub

37

Continuity

201

increasing longitudinal stiffeners

202

Longitudinal stiffeners

203

Cross stiffeners

204

Inner joint part

205

Outer joint part

205a

Outdoor area

205b

Outdoor area

C.

dashboard

G1

joint

G2

Limb joint

GA1

closed first stop

GA2

closed second stop

L

material steering axis

M

Center line

OA1

open first stop

OA2

open second stop

T1

first section

T2

second section

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

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Patent literature cited

• DE 102006006995 A1 [0007]
• DE 102016011461 A1 [0008]

Claims (12)

Steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) for a road motor vehicle, the road motor vehicle being designed in particular both for manual operation controlled by a driver and for at least partially autonomous operation with respect to steering, the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) has a steering wheel rim (101, 102) which is designed such that it can be brought from a first shape (1, 101) into a second shape (2, 102) by changing the shape and from the second shape (2, 102) into the first shape (1, 101) can be brought, in the second shape (2, 102) the width of the steering wheel rim (101, 102) in relation to the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) compared to the first shape ( 1, 101) is larger and in the second form (2, 102) the height of the steering wheel rim (101, 102) in relation to the straight position of the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) compared to the first form (1, 101) is smaller. Steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) after Claim 1 , characterized in that within at least one section (T1, T2) of the steering wheel rim (101, 102) running in the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim (101, 102) is a reversibly deformable stabilizing part (extending in the circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim (101, 102) 12), wherein the stabilizing part (12) is configured, the at least one section (T1, T2) of the steering wheel rim (101, 102) in the first form (1, 101) and / or in the second form (2, 102 ) to stabilize. Steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the steering wheel rim (101, 102) has a plurality of links (21, 22) which are connected to one another in an articulated and / or flexible manner. Steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) after Claim 3 , characterized in that when the steering wheel rim (101, 102) has the first shape (1, 101) or the second shape (2, 102), at least one link (21, 22) is attached to a stop (GA1, GA2 ) is located. Steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) after Claim 4 , characterized in that when the steering wheel rim (101, 102) has the first shape (1, 101), at least one link (21, 22) is in each case at a first stop (GA1), and when the steering wheel rim (101 , 102) has the second shape (2, 102), the at least one link (21, 22) being located at a second stop (GA2). Steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) has a servomotor (13) and the steering wheel rim (101, 102) with the aid of the servomotor (13) from the first Form (1, 101) in the second form (2, 102) is convertible. Steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) after Claim 8 , characterized in that the servomotor (13) acts on at least one of two sections (11) of the steering wheel rim (101, 102), which are located on the left and right in the steering wheel rim (101, 102), in relation to the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) are arranged. Road motor vehicle with a steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) according to one of the preceding claims. Road motor vehicle with a steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the steering wheel rim (101, 102) is arranged so as to be rotatable about a horizontal (34) perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) . Method for operating a road motor vehicle, the road motor vehicle being designed both for manual operation controlled by a driver and for operation that is at least partially autonomous in terms of steering, with a change from manual operation to operation that is at least partially autonomous in terms of steering a steering wheel rim (101, 102) of a steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) of the vehicle carries out a first change in shape from a first shape (1, 101) to a second shape (2, 102), wherein in the second shape (2, 102 ) the width of the steering wheel rim (101, 102) in relation to the straight position of the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) is larger in comparison to the first form (1, 101) and in the second form (2, 102) the height of the Steering wheel rim (101, 102) with respect to the straight-ahead position of the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) is smaller in comparison to the first form (1, 101) and when changing from an at least partially autonomous operation to a manual operation of the steering wheel rim (101, 102) of the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b) of the vehicle carries out a second change in shape from the second shape (2, 102) to the first shape (1, 101). Method for operating a road motor vehicle according to Claim 10 , characterized in that before or after the first change in shape or simultaneously with it, the steering wheel rim (101, 102) rotates downward about a horizontal (34) perpendicular to the axis of rotation (L) of the steering wheel (1, 2, 2b). Method for operating a road motor vehicle according to one of the Claims 10 - 11 , characterized in that a change in shape from the first (1, 101) to the second shape (2, 102) or from the second (2, 102) to the first shape (1, 101) and / or a rotary movement by a control signal of a control unit is / are triggered and the change in shape and / or the rotary movement by at least one servomotor (13, 30) is / are executed.

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