DE102017201268A1 - Apparatus, means of transport and method for selecting a suitable energy receiving station - Google Patents

Abstract

A device, a means of locomotion (10) and a method for selecting a suitable energy receiving station (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) for an energy carrier used by the locomotion means (10) are proposed. The method comprises the steps of: determining an upcoming driving task, determining an energy requirement for fulfilling the driving task, determining a plurality of energy receiving stations (7) which can be reached with a current energy supply of the means of locomotion and depending on a storage technology of the means of locomotion for the energy carrier, an energy storage capacity of the means of transport (10) and a type of preparation of the energy carrier offered by the energy receiving stations (7, 8, 9, 11, 12); automatic selection of an energy receiving station (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) which Can satisfy energy needs.

Description

The presently disclosed technology relates to a device, a means of locomotion, and a method of selecting a suitable energy receiving station for an energy source used by a means of locomotion. In particular, the technology disclosed herein relates to a drive-related selection of a gas station.

Currently, different fuels and drive forms are being pursued as alternatives to conventional fossil fuel internal combustion engines. In particular, for gaseous fuels at ambient conditions (LPG, natural gas, hydrogen, etc.), the question arises as to how acceptable ranges of sufficient energy can be stored in means of transportation. While comparatively cost-effective storage at low pressures and uncooled energy carriers is basically possible and is pursued (especially in city buses), another approach is to compress the energy carrier higher and to cool it. The tank systems using these fuels means of transport are set up accordingly to receive and store the one and / or the other variant of energy sources. A similar situation arises with electrochemical storage of traction energy relative to the fast-charging capability of used batteries. For charging high-energy traction batteries, more expensive equipment and sometimes other charging plugs are required than for charging at lower currents. Depending on the charging technology used, a different amount of energy can therefore be introduced into the traction battery within a particular time unit.

For the fulfillment of a specific purpose, therefore, the selection of an energy intake station (also "gas station" or "charging station") so decide whether the purpose of the trip can be met as cheaply and / or as time efficient as possible. It is an object of the presently disclosed technology to best assist a user in choosing a suitable power receiving station.

The above object is achieved by a method of selecting a suitable energy receiving station for an energy source used by a means of locomotion for locomotion.

The method serves to select a suitable energy receiving station for an energy source used by a means of locomotion for locomotion. The energy carrier may, for example, be a traction battery, a fuel tank, in particular a pressure tank for receiving gaseous fuels (eg hydrogen, natural gas, LPG or the like). The means of transportation may be a car, van, truck, motorcycle, air and / or watercraft. First, an upcoming driving task for the means of transport is determined. In other words, for example, a route, a road type, a height profile, an average consumption (if known), a trailer operation, a use of a roof rack and / or a roof box, etc. are determined. This can be done automatically (sensory) or by user input. Subsequently, a (minimum) energy requirement for the fulfillment of the driving task is determined. For example. For this purpose, a driving history can be used which identifies a mean energy requirement per kilometer. In particular, in the event that the driving task has already been met at an earlier time, can be derived automatically based on the related energy expenditure, which results in energy requirements for a renewed fulfillment of the driving task. Here, a safety buffer (energy reserve) can be scheduled. If the driving task differs (eg by one or more parameters) from the driving task already fulfilled at an earlier point in time, an influence of the parameter on the energy requirement can be taken into account. For example. For example, due to a trailer to be towed, a 10% penalty can be added to the energy spent earlier. Subsequently, a current energy supply of the means of transport is determined. This can be done with regard to the amount of energy and optionally a property of the energy carrier (eg pressure, temperature or the like). On the basis of the current energy supply, a large number of achievable energy intake stations is determined. In other words, the energy intake stations, which are within a current range of the means of transport, determined. Depending on a storage technology of the means of locomotion (eg suitability for the reception of gaseous and / or cryogenic hydrogen, charging technology or the like), a free energy storage capacity of the means of transport and a preparation / presentation of the energy carrier offered by the energy receiving stations automatically becomes an energy receiving station selected, which can satisfy the energy needs to meet the purpose of driving. The free energy storage capacity can, for example, take into account the current energy storage capacity and / or the energy storage capacity existing when the respective energy intake station presumably reaches it. Since the energy receiving stations have different distances from the current location of the means of transport, a different each free energy storage capacity at the time of tanking can be determined and for the selection of the appropriate energy receiving station be based on. For example, the treatment mode may define the pressure, the temperature, the charging technology and / or the duration of the refueling process. If several energy intake stations seem to be similarly suitable for fulfilling the purpose of driving, several energy intake stations can also be selected automatically and, if necessary, communicated to the user for a final selection. In particular, those energy receiving stations which best prepare / support the driving task can be sorted or automatically selected on the basis of another parameter. For example. can be desired as quickly as possible, a cost and / or energy-efficient fulfillment of the purpose of driving. In particular, a minimum number of fuel stops may be desired in order to minimize the effort for the user. The energy intake station (s) determined in this way can or can be selected by the user and optionally approached in a target-oriented manner. Optionally, a route guidance can also be started automatically on the basis of the predefined driving purpose and supplemented by the energy intake stations selected as intermediate stops. As a result, the sometimes confusing parameters are automatically taken into account and selected when finding suitable energy intake stations.

The dependent claims show preferred developments of the presently disclosed technology.

If the user wishes to know the best possible efficiency in the automatic selection of the energy receiving station, an energy expenditure caused by the preparation of the energy carrier provided by the energy receiving station can be taken into account in the automatic selection of the energy receiving station. For example. For example, the cooling and / or compression of the energy carrier and / or the generation / conversion of the energy can be effected by (inexpensive) regenerative energies or by using (more expensive) fossil energy. In this way, the overall energy balance in the operation of the means of transport can be improved.

The type of preparation of the energy carrier (eg the pressure used, the temperature achieved) can be read out of a data memory of the means of transportation. For example. In a file, a directory of the energy receiving stations located in the vicinity of the means of locomotion can be kept in the means of transportation and provide information about the types of preparation used by the respective energy receiving stations. Even more recently, the information about a wireless communication link (eg, through the intermediary of the Internet) may be polled by a server and / or by the operator of the power receiving station. In this way, the varying supply of energy intake stations can be taken into account in the best possible way.

Sometimes the driving task can be so energy-consuming that none of the determined energy intake stations can satisfy the energy needs for the fulfillment of the complete driving task. For example. For example, the energy absorption capacity provided by the means of locomotion can not be sufficiently great even taking into account an ideal energy density of the energy storage device. In response thereto, a minimum variety may be determined to satisfy the energy receiving stations located along a driving distance of the driving task. In this case, for example, it is taken into account which range results in each case when using a low-cost energy carrier and / or a particularly energy-dense energy carrier and which other energy delivery stations are in dependence on the processing used in the range of the means of transport thus achieved. In particular, it is therefore possible to take into account respective types of preparation of the energy carrier used by the energy absorption stations and / or forms of energy provided by the energy absorption stations. In addition, further parameters can be preconfigured by the user, which decide which combination of energy intake stations / refueling processes is ultimately favored. Thus, a tactical selection of a variety of energy receiving / energy / treatment types is supported.

The determination of the upcoming driving task can be done, for example, by means of a navigation system. For example. The user may have explicitly selected a route / destination. Alternatively, a destination (eg due to a day of the week, a time of day, an occupation of the means of transportation, an entry in a personal calendar of the driver or another occupant of the means of locomotion) can be automatically accepted and be based on the above-mentioned method.

According to a second aspect of the presently disclosed technology, a device is proposed for selecting a suitable energy receiving station for an energy source used by a means of locomotion for locomotion. The device can be understood as a driver assistance system. The device comprises a data input (eg a bus user), an evaluation unit (eg a microcontroller, a programmable processor, an electronic control unit or the like) and a data output (eg a bus user) o. Ä.). The evaluation unit is set up by means of the data input Pending driving task (eg with regard to route, road type, road course, altitude profile, average consumption (if known), vehicle configuration, etc.). Depending on the driving task, a minimum energy requirement (eg including an energy reserve) for the fulfillment of the driving task is determined by the evaluation unit. On the basis of the aforementioned information, a plurality of energy intake stations which can be reached at all with a current energy supply of the means of transportation is determined by the evaluation unit. In addition, the evaluation unit is set up, depending on a storage technology of the means of transport for the energy carrier, a free energy storage capacity when reaching the respective energy receiving station of the means of transport and each offered Aufbereitungsart the energy automatically one or more energy receiving station (s) to determine the energy needs and / or or with the least effort in terms of money and / or energy consumption can breastfeed. If an energy intake station is particularly suitable, it can be automatically selected by the device and optionally based on route guidance as an (intermediate) destination. If several energy intake stations appear suitable, a user can get a corresponding selection offered and, for example, select his favorite based on other parameters. In this way, the device is set up to realize the features, combinations of features and the resulting advantages thereof in a corresponding manner, so reference is made to avoid repetition of the above statements.

According to a third aspect, a means of transport is proposed, which comprises a device according to the second-mentioned aspect. The means of transport can be designed as a car, van, truck, motorcycle, air and / or watercraft. In particular, it can use a gaseous traction energy carrier. The features, feature combinations and advantages arise in a corresponding manner.

In the following, further aspects, features and advantages of the presently disclosed technology are presented without any limitation:

By means of the technology disclosed herein, car-sharing vehicles and other vehicle fleet vehicles can absorb energy at the most favorable filling station as needed. By "cheapest gas station" here specifically meant a gas station, which has the energy sources (eg hydrogen) to Homerefuelingstationen about cheap or free (not needed in the power grid energy, solar or wind) has produced, but also gas stations, due to the cheaper Technology (eg only 350 bar versus 700 bar filling pressure, which allows for a smaller compressor, cheaper accumulator and smaller sized components) will reduce fuel consumption and fueling costs, but will not provide the tank with the maximum possible energy density , Especially in the early years of hydrogen technology as a traction energy carrier, the filling station network is not yet so expanded, so that gas stations, which offer only 350 bar filling pressure and Homerefuelingstationen must be used for an acceptable infrastructure coverage. By "needs-based" is meant on the one hand the expected use (in other words: "how far is the booked route or what is the historical usage behavior of the vehicle?"), On the other hand, a targeted offer of the operator to efficiency-conscious customers, rather travel shorter distances, and are prepared to make interim fuel stops or change to another vehicle or means of transport.

In order to implement this, different objects are proposed:

On the one hand, in the cost / efficiency calculation for booking a hydrogen vehicle, the hydrogen cost per kilometer can be taken into account and the cost advantage (in part) also passed on to the driver / customer / user. For example, the customer receives a discount on the kilometers to be charged to him if he has ensured that the means of transportation (at the expense of the owner / owner of the vehicle) have been refueled cheaply.

On the other hand, the customer or operator (if he / she refuels himself) will be informed at which refueling station refueling is required. It can be taken into account which customer comes into question for the follow-up booking and whether the price or range are more important here. In particular, a timely transfer of the vehicle to the follower user can be favored over a best possible preparation of the means of locomotion with regard to its energy resources in view of the driving task of the aftermath user.

In addition, it is proposed to adjust the timing of the refueling on the basis of the hydrogen supply. In other words, it can be determined when cheaper hydrogen is available at reachable gas stations. This can be the case in particular if the filling stations are also hydrogen producers and because of the abundant available energy, the hydrogen storage tanks are full / overfilled. In response, there may be an incentive to select a specific time for the Refueling of the abundant hydrogen can be spent.

Finally, it is proposed to provide a route planning on the basis of hydrogen filling stations and their costs as well as alternative means of transport. This can take into account whether the user brings the readiness to change to another vehicle / means of transportation. Such readiness may be provided as optional information in route planning. Such readiness can also be stored in a customer-specific user profile of the driver as a customer of a carsharing company / vehicle pool.

• 1 ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Fortbewegungsmittels mit einem Ausführungsbeispiel einer Vorrichtung;
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung verfügbarer Energieaufnahmestationen im Verlaufe einer von einem Fahrzeug zu fahrenden Route; und
• 3 ein Flussdiagramm veranschaulichend Schritte eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Verfahrens zur Auswahl einer geeigneten Energieaufnahmestation.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the presently disclosed technology will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

• 1 an embodiment of a means of transport with an embodiment of a device;
• 2 a schematic representation of available power receiving stations in the course of a vehicle to be driven route; and
• 3 a flowchart illustrating steps of an embodiment of a method for selecting a suitable power receiving station.

1 shows a car 10 which is hydrogen 1 in a pressure tank 2 is drivable. This is the hydrogen 1 via a fuel cell 3 converted into electrical energy, through which an electric motor 5 fed as a traction machine. The fuel cell 3 is through an electronic control unit 4 controlled as an evaluation unit, which is a bus subscriber 21 as data input and a bus participant 22 as a data output. Information technology is the electronic control unit 4 connected to a data store in which the locations of gas stations as energy receiving stations, information regarding processing technologies used by them and instructions for carrying out a method are stored.

2 shows one between a starting point 6 and a destination point 19 running route as a driving task of a passenger car 10 as a means of transportation. The current range of the car 10 is by a dotted line 13 outlined. On the line 13 is just the gas station 7 so there is no way to switch to another gas station. Starting from the gas station 7 shows a dashed line 14 the range of the car 10 provided that its energy storage at the gas station 7 be completely filled. On the line 14 are the gas stations 8th and 9 , The procedure can be used to fulfill the driving task of the filling station 8th select from which one by a dotted line 15 outlined range within which only the gas station 9 lies. Alternatively, the gas station 9 starting from the gas station 7 be approached directly, starting from which one by a dot-dash line 16 illustrated range within which the gas station 11 lies. The selection of the gas station 9 opposite the gas station 8th can thus reduce the number of refueling stops required. Starting from the gas station 11 shows a dashed line 17 the range to which the car 10 to the finish 19 can lead. The gas station 12 , starting from which a dotted line 18 the range outlined is not necessary to achieve the driving purpose. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the filling stations 7 . 8th . 9 . 11 . 12 can provide different sources of energy or forms of treatment of the same energy carrier, resulting in different lengths of coverage and, if necessary, different gas stations can be achieved. This shows the advantage which the consideration of the type of treatment offered by the energy receiving stations for the rich method or number of refueling stops shows. In particular, in the event that the same service stations can always be reached with different types of processing, using a more energy-efficient processing mode can improve the overall energy balance for the driving task.

3 FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustratively illustrating steps of one embodiment of a method of selecting an appropriate energy receiving station for an energy source used by a means of locomotion. FIG. In step 100, an upcoming driving task is determined. Here, the parameters are taken into account, which require the energy needs of the means of transport. In step 200, a minimum energy requirement including safety buffer for the fulfillment of the driving task is determined. In step 300, a plurality of energy receiving stations achievable with a current energy supply of the vehicle are determined. In step 400, it is determined that no power receiving station alone can satisfy the full energy needs to fulfill the driving task. In response, in step 500, a minimum plurality is determined to satisfy the energy receiving stations located along a driving distance of the driving task, taking into account the types of preparation of the energy carrier used by the energy receiving stations, which the contemplated means of propulsion uses for its powertrain.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

hydrogen

2

pressure tank

3

fuel cell

4

electronic control unit

5

electric motor

6

begin

7, 8, 9

gas stations

10

car

11, 12

gas stations

13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18

Lines (ranges)

19

aim

20

data storage

21.22

Bus devices

100-500

steps

Claims (10)

Method for selecting a suitable energy absorption station (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) for an energy source (1) used by a means of locomotion (10) for locomotion, comprising the steps: - determining (100) an upcoming driving task, Determining (200) an energy requirement to fulfill the driving task, Determining (300) a plurality of energy receiving stations (7) and. Reachable with a current energy supply of the means of transportation (10) - As a function of a storage technology of the means of locomotion (10) for the energy carrier (1), an energy storage capacity of the means of transport (10) and one of the energy receiving stations (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) offered treatment method of the energy carrier (1) - Automatic selection of a power receiving station (7, 8, 9, 11, 12), which can satisfy the energy needs. Method according to Claim 1 , wherein the energy carrier (1) - compressed, in particular at ambient conditions gaseous, and / or - is cooled. Method according to Claim 1 or 2 in which the driving task relates to - a route and / or - contained road types and / or - a height profile and / or - a medium and / or specific energy consumption and / or - a trailer operation and / or - a roof rack use and / or - a loading condition, especially with regard to number of passengers and luggage is predefined. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the type of preparation of the energy carrier (1) from a data memory (20) of the means of locomotion (10) and / or - In response to the ascertained accessibility of the energy receiving stations (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) is queried by means of a wireless communication connection. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a power receiving station (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) is selected as a function of maximum energy efficiency in the performance of the driving task and in particular a by the type of preparation of the energy carrier (1) caused energy expenditure in a determination of Energy efficiency is taken into account. Method according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising - determining (400) that no power receiving station (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) can satisfy the full energy demand for the driving task and in response thereto Determining (500) a minimum of a plurality to fulfill the energy intake stations (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) located along a driving distance of the driving task, in particular taking into account the respective energy intake stations (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) Used types of treatment of the energy carrier (1). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the determination of the upcoming driving task by means of - a navigation system and / or a predicated destination and / or - An off-vehicle wireless communication connection takes place. Device for selecting a suitable energy receiving station (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) for an energy source (1) used by a locomotion means (10) for locomotion, comprising: - a data input (21), - an evaluation unit (4) and - a Data output (22), wherein - the evaluation unit (4) is set up, - by means of the data input (21) an upcoming driving task, - an energy requirement to fulfill the driving task and - a variety with a current energy supply of the means of transport (10) achievable Energy receiving stations (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) to determine, and - the evaluation unit (4) is set up, depending on a storage technology of the means (10) for the energy carrier (1), an energy storage capacity of the means of transport (10) and a from the energy receiving stations (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) offered treatment mode of the energy carrier (1) - automatically an energy receiving station (7, 8, 9, 11, 12), which can satisfy the energy needs to select. Device after Claim 8 which is further arranged, a method according to any one of the preceding Claims 1 to 7 perform. Means comprising a device according to one of Claims 8 or 9 ,

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