DE102017107979A1 - mowing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mowing device for generating a windrow, comprising at least one longitudinally extending, horizontally oriented and in particular reciprocable carrier, at least one cutting blade, which is fixed to the carrier, and arranged behind the carrier, at least substantially parallel to the carrier oriented screw conveyor for conveying the cutting material cut by the cutting blade, wherein the screw conveyor for lateral deposition of the cutting blade cut by the cutting material is formed.

Description

The invention relates to a mowing device for generating a swath, comprising at least one longitudinally extending, horizontally oriented and in particular reciprocable carrier, and at least one cutting blade which is fixed to the carrier.

In particular, one or two-year-old cuttings, such as grass or grain, is arranged in rows or stored and forms a swath, which is also referred to as swath.

The swath can in particular be picked up and transported away with a baling press, a forage harvester or a loader wagon.

Mowers are known which produce a windrow. In this case, a plurality of rotating cutting blade can be provided next to each other to cut the cut material. In landscape management, however, such mowing devices can only be used to a limited extent, since the rotating cutting knives can kill soil breeders and small creatures. Also, the cutting material is relatively heavily polluted. In addition, rotating cutting blades have a relatively high energy consumption.

For mowing devices, which protect soil breeders and microorganisms, state subsidies are possible. Here, instead of a rotational movement of the cutting blade, a particular, energy-saving, paper cutting required. A clean paper cut also allows faster growth.

In a so-called Einrasmäher a longitudinally extending, horizontally oriented and reciprocating carrier with cutting blades is used. The cut material to be cut is placed laterally by means of a rotating band rake or an oscillating fork.

However, the band rake or the fork is comparatively high and affects the view. Also, this is relatively difficult, which is disadvantageous for example for the drive, in particular the traction drive. The Einrasmäher therefore has an increased energy demand. In addition, the Eingrasmäher prone to blockages. Furthermore, the band rake material can partially take unwanted and throw away, which adversely affects the swath. In addition, the Einrasmäher comparatively many bearings, deflections, linkage and / or other wear parts. These are maintenance and thus costly.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a mowing device, which can be used in particular for landscape conservation and nature conservation and avoids the disadvantages of a Einrasmähers.

The solution of this object is achieved by the mowing device with the features of claim 1.

According to the invention, seen in the working or driving direction, behind the carrier a screw conveyor is arranged. The screw conveyor is oriented at least substantially parallel to the carrier and designed to convey the cutting material cut by the cutting blade.

Preferably, the screw conveyor is arranged immediately behind the carrier, in particular the cutting blade. The cut material to be cut is therefore picked up immediately after cutting by the screw conveyor.

In the case of a rotating cutting blade, by contrast, the rotating body is always in the way, so that the material to be cut can not be picked up directly by the screw conveyor. Also, the risk that the cut material imposed, less than a rotating cutting blade.

The screw conveyor can store the cutting material cut by the cutting blade laterally. The screw conveyor thus effectively forms an extruder.

Consequently, the mowing device does not travel over the material to be cut, so that this e.g. do not wrap over the tires. Also, an operator does not have to run over the cutting material.

In addition to the auger a swath is generated. An additional step to generate the swath is not required.

The material to be cut preferably reaches the swath without prior contact with the ground. The material to be cut can in particular air very well.

Without the screw conveyor, the cut material would simply remain in the place where it was cut off.

In particular, an already finished swath can be conveyed from one side to the other side by the mowing device. Mowing can also be done during the transfer. In this way, e.g. a large swath can be generated. In particular, a swath can be created with material to be cut from two or more working widths without flattening uncut cut material.

The mowing device is guided parallel to the swath so that the auger can absorb the swath. The swath is then, together with the freshly cut material, promoted to one side and stored there.

The removal is easier because fewer crossings are necessary. This saves time and energy and also protects the soil and the living beings on the ground.

Preferably, the screw conveyor may have one or more coils. The auger may have a worm shaft and a worm thread wound around the worm shaft. The worm thread preferably extends over the entire width of the worm shaft. Cutting material can thus be conveyed over the entire width of the screw conveyor. Portions of the worm shaft without a screw thread would only have additional weight without having a conveying function.

Via a drive unit, the worm shaft can be set in rotation. Preferably, the worm shaft is driven only on one side, in principle, a double-sided drive is conceivable.

The drive for the screw conveyor and / or the carrier can be derived from a vehicle to which the mowing device can be attached. Alternatively, the mowing device may also have its own drive for the screw conveyor and / or the carrier. The drive can be mechanical, e.g. via belts, hydraulically, pneumatically and / or electrically.

The worm thread may in particular be spirally wound around the worm shaft. Depending on the side to which the material to be cut is to be conveyed, the worm thread may be wound clockwise or counterclockwise about the worm shaft, i. right or left turn.

The worm thread is preferably rigid. In particular, no movable bolts or the like are provided, as used for example in combine harvesters.

The material to be cut is conveyed parallel to the carrier. For this purpose, a screw conveyor or several screw conveyors can be provided, which are oriented at least substantially parallel to the carrier. Preferably, exactly one screw conveyor is provided.

Additional conveyors, which are not oriented parallel to the carrier, are not provided in particular. Thus, in particular, no feeder conveyor is present since the material to be cut, e.g. in contrast to a combine harvester, is not further processed inside the mowing device, but is stored unprocessed immediately after leaving the auger on the ground.

Since the screw conveyor is significantly lighter than a band rake of a Eingrasmähers, energy can be saved. In addition, the mower can be easier to drive or control.

Also, the auger is lower than a band rake, so that the view is not limited for a user.

The auger also allows larger working widths than with a belt rake can be achieved. Also, a single edit the same area, since the swath is immediately filed properly.

Since the carrier performs a paper cut, the mower for soil breeders and microorganisms is gentle. The mower is thus suitable for landscape conservation and nature conservation. Since the cut material also does not pollute when cutting, the mowing device can also be used in agricultural areas.

Short and long items to be cut can be conveyed with the screw conveyor without blockages occurring. Furthermore, the cut material is not thrown out, resulting in a good swath.

Thanks to the light and energy-saving design, the mower can also compete with standard large machines. In contrast to standard large machines, bottom breeders and microorganisms are not killed. Also, the soil compaction is low compared to, for example, a mulcher or rotary mower.

Since the mower has little weight and the required power compared to mowers with rotating cutting blades is also low, this can also be used in the field of single-axle vehicles.

Further developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying drawings.

According to one embodiment, the orientation of a screw thread of the screw conveyor and the direction of rotation of the screw conveyor are designed such that the material to be cut is conveyed to the outside and in particular can be deposited laterally next to the screw conveyor.

The worm thread, depending on the side on which the material to be cut is to be conveyed, be wound in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction about the worm shaft, ie, clockwise or anti-clockwise. Also, the direction of rotation can be done as needed in or counterclockwise.

The material to be cut is conveyed outwards and deposited on the left or right next to the conveyor screw. There the swath forms.

This is an essential difference to a combine harvester, in which the material to be cut is transported from both sides inwards to an inclined conveyor and further processed there.

The carrier or each carrier is preferably associated with a single auger. If the mowing device comprises, for example, two, in particular butterfly-type, carriers, each carrier can be assigned a separate screw conveyor.

The screw thread of the screw conveyor preferably has the same orientation over the entire width. In particular, the direction of rotation is always the same. The material to be cut is thus conveyed from one side to the other side.

On one side, the cutting material is stored. The drive is preferably on the other side and thus does not hinder the depositing.

For example, if two carriers are provided, the screw conveyors may have different orientations or directions of rotation. Thus, one swath each can be placed on the left and right of the carrier.

According to a further embodiment, two relatively movable, in particular to and fro, movable carrier sections are provided with cutting blades. The carrier thus forms a cutter bar. The cutting blades may be formed in particular finger-shaped. The relatively movable back and forth fingers cut the food from. Preferably, the carrier including cutting blades is a finger bar mower.

According to a further embodiment, the screw conveyor extends at least substantially over the entire width of the carrier. The entire cut material to be cut is thus taken up by the screw conveyor, conveyed to the side and deposited there.

According to an alternative embodiment, the carrier protrudes at least on one side over the screw conveyor. The carrier is longer than the screw conveyor and preferably protrudes laterally.

In particular, the carrier also protrudes beyond a worm shaft. Due to the different lengths, the worm shaft and the carrier are in particular not fastened to a common, outer frame. It was surprising that a stable construction is also possible elsewhere.

The area behind the protruding support preferably remains free. This simple construction material and thus weight can be saved.

Since the area behind the projecting carrier remains free, the swath is not hindered by the screw conveyor, in particular the worm shaft, or other components. The swath can be formed in a natural and easy way. In particular, the swath is not compressed. Furthermore, the trajectory of the material to be cut is preferably not influenced in any other way. The material to be cut can thus fall freely. Therefore, the cut does not impose itself in any component.

Basically, the swath can thus be piled arbitrarily high. This is particularly advantageous when a swath is formed by several swaths are superimposed.

On the way to and from the place of use, the projecting part of the carrier can in particular be folded up to reduce the width.

Preferably, the carrier protrudes on exactly one side over the screw conveyor, especially where the swath is to arise. The swath is hereby formed from the cutting material cut there directly and the cutting material conveyed via the screw conveyor.

The material to be cut below the swath is already cut off in this way, whereby e.g. the working width of the mower is increased. The working width may e.g. be between two and eight meters, especially 2.60 m. Due to the projection, the swath can thus be mowed to a certain extent, as a result of which it is e.g. becomes more beautiful. Without undermining the cutting material would be compressed below the swath. This would then be difficult to mow later, if at all.

With rotating cutting knives, mowing the swath is not possible.

In particular, an overlap may result in this area if a field is mowed in several strips.

According to a further embodiment, an open at least in the region of the carrier housing for the screw conveyor is provided. The housing may preferably be U-shaped, in particular wherein the two legs may be directed forward in the direction of the carrier. The housing thus corresponds to a certain extent a laterally tilted screw trough. In particular, the housing may be round or angular, e.g. be edged.

The housing ensures that the cut material to be cut remains in the area of the screw conveyor and does not unintentionally escape to the rear and / or downwards. The separated cut material is conveyed in this way substantially completely to the side.

According to a further embodiment, the housing extends at least substantially over the entire width of the screw conveyor. Thus, preferably no gaps are present at which the cut material can escape to the rear and / or down.

According to a further embodiment, the housing is canted and in particular comprises at least three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven or twelve edges. The more edges are present, the better a round shape of the housing is modeled.

The canted shape facilitates the lateral discharge of the material to be cut. Due to the canted shape, the material to be cut is discharged laterally and does not rotate with it.

According to a further embodiment, the carrier is attached to the screw conveyor and / or a housing for the screw conveyor or fastened.

The carrier may preferably be attached directly to the screw conveyor and / or the housing. The mowing device thereby forms a compact unit.

In particular, the carrier may be screwed and / or welded to at least one shoe fastened to the conveyor screw or the housing. Vorzugswese can be provided several shoes.

An additional frame for the carrier is not required, which can save material. It was surprising that a stable construction is possible even without a common outer frame for the worm shaft and the carrier.

The auger can fulfill in this way a dual function, since on the one hand promotes the cut material to be cut and on the other hand serves as a support for the carrier.

If the carrier is fastened to the housing, the housing can fulfill a dual function, since on the one hand it ensures that the cut material to be cut remains in the area of the conveyor screw and does not unintentionally escape to the rear and / or downwards. On the other hand, the housing serves as a holder for the carrier.

According to a further embodiment, the screw conveyor and / or a housing for the screw conveyor comprises a fastening device for attachment to a vehicle. The fastening device may in particular be a mounting bracket. This can preferably be secured centrally on the vehicle. The attachment bracket may have attachment openings over which the mowing device may e.g. can be screwed to a vehicle.

The fastening device may have a recess for a drive shaft. In this way, a drive for the screw conveyor and / or the carrier can be derived from the vehicle. Alternatively, the mowing device may also have its own drive for the screw conveyor and / or the carrier.

The vehicle may be, for example, a tractor, tractor, engine mower, a snowcat, a, e.g. all-wheel-drive and / or electric, equipment rack or small trucks, in particular Unimog ® act. Other, especially remotely controlled, vehicles are possible. Due to the light construction of the mowing device, it is also possible to attach it to a single-axle vehicle.

The mowing device can be mounted at the front or at the rear. In the direction of travel, the carrier is preferably always arranged in front of the screw conveyor.

Preferably, the mowing device is a replaceable equipment. The mowing device can thus be placed on the vehicle. In particular, the mowing device does not have its own wheels. The soil is therefore processed in a gentle way.

A vehicle can also be assigned several mowing devices. These can be arranged next to each other, for example. Also For example, they can be set up like a butterfly.

Depending on the vehicle and the area of application, the carrier may protrude and protrude beyond the conveyor screw. This is particularly advantageous when mounted on the rear.

The vehicle, e.g. a motor mower, in particular can also be remotely controlled. This can be done via a radio control. Even a control via a smartphone or a tablet is conceivable.

All aspects, embodiments and features of the invention described herein can be combined with each other, in particular also detached from the specific embodiment in the context of which they are mentioned. In particular, all subject matters of the dependent claims may be combined with each other and with each subject matter of the independent claims.

• 1 eine Draufsicht einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Mähvorrichtung,
• 2 eine Rückansicht der Mähvorrichtung gemäß 1, und
• 3 eine Seitenansicht der Mähvorrichtung gemäß 1.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings. Show it:

• 1 a top view of an embodiment of a mowing device according to the invention,
• 2 a rear view of the mowing device according to 1 , and
• 3 a side view of the mowing device according to 1 ,

First, it should be noted that the illustrated embodiments are merely exemplary in nature. In particular, instead of a single drive, a drive can also be provided on both opposite sides.

If a figure contains a reference numeral which is not explained in the directly associated descriptive text, reference is made to the corresponding preceding or following statements in the description of the figures. Thus, the same reference numerals are used for the same or comparable components in the figures and these are not explained again.

1 shows a mowing device for generating a swath. The mowing device comprises a carrier 10 with cutting knives 12 which can be moved back and forth. To move the carrier ( 10 ) is a carrier drive 14 intended.

Behind the carrier 10 is a screw conveyor 16 arranged, which one around a worm shaft 18 spiral screw thread 20 includes.

The drive 22 for the worm shaft 18 is derived from a vehicle, not shown. A drive shaft 24 can in this case by a recess 26 a fastening device 28 be guided and straps 30 drive. About a gearbox 32 can the worm shaft 18 be set in rotation.

The screw conveyor 16 is in a housing 34 arranged. The housing 34 Prevents the cut material from being cut backwards or downwards. The material to be cut is thus always conveyed out to the side and next to the conveyor screw 16 filed as a swath.

As the carrier 10 over the screw conveyor 16 projecting laterally, the cutting material is cut in the area where the swath is stored.

The laterally projecting carrier 10 is also in the rear view according to 2 to see. About the cutting knife 12 on the carrier 10 the cut material is first cut off. The over the belts 30 in rotation offset auger 16 conveys the material to be cut to the right and places it as a swath.

The housing 34 ensures that the material to be cut does not escape unintentionally backwards or downwards. The housing 34 is about the attachment device 28 attached to a vehicle. The fastening device 28 can be a spring 35 include. To improve the stability, the housing 34 Tube 36 , For example, square tubes, which extend longitudinally.

As in 3 can be seen, is the carrier 10 over a shoe 38 on the housing 34 attached. An additional framework for the wearer 10 not necessary.

The housing 34 fulfills in this way a double function, since on the one hand as a support for the carrier 10 serves. On the other hand, the housing provides 34 ensuring that the material to be cut is discharged laterally only at the desired position.

In order to improve a lateral movement of the material to be cut and in particular to prevent rotation of the material to be cut at least substantially, the housing can 34 edge 40 exhibit.

The cut material is thus through the screw conveyor 16 conveyed out laterally and deposited as a swath.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

carrier

12

cutting blade

14

carrier drive

16

Auger

18

worm shaft

20

Worm

22

drive

24

drive shaft

26

recess

28

fastening device

30

belt

32

transmission

34

casing

35

feather

36

Tube, square tube

38

shoe

40

edge

Claims (10)

Mowing device for generating a windrow, comprising at least one longitudinally extending, horizontally oriented and in particular reciprocable support (10), at least one cutting knife (12) fixed to the support (10), and a behind the carrier (10) arranged, at least substantially parallel to the carrier (10) oriented screw conveyor (16) for conveying the cut from the cutting blade (12) Schneidguts, wherein the conveyor screw (16) is designed for laterally depositing the cutting material cut by the cutting blade (12). Mowing device after Claim 1 , characterized in that the orientation of a screw thread (20) of the screw conveyor (16) and the direction of rotation of the screw conveyor (16) are formed such that the material to be cut is conveyed to the outside and in particular laterally next to the screw conveyor (16) can be stored. Mowing device after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that two relative to each other, in particular to and fro, movable support sections are provided with cutting blades (12). Mowing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screw conveyor (16) extends at least substantially over the entire width of the carrier (10). Mowing device according to one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the carrier (10) at least on one side via the screw conveyor (16), in particular a worm shaft (18) projects. Mowing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an at least in the region of the support (10) open housing (34) for the screw conveyor (16) is provided. Mowing device after Claim 6 , characterized in that the housing (34) extends at least substantially over the entire width of the screw conveyor (16). Mowing device after Claim 6 or 7 , characterized in that the housing (34) is folded and in particular at least three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven or twelve edges (40). Mowing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier (10) on the screw conveyor (16) and / or a housing (34) for the screw conveyor (16) is attached. Mowing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screw conveyor (16) and / or a housing (34) for the screw conveyor (16) comprises a fastening device (28) for attachment to a vehicle.

Images