DE102009055739A1 - Forming machine, especially servo press - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a forming machine, in particular for cold or hot forming of metallic workpieces, for example metallic sheets, preferably servo press comprising
a) at least one machine table (2) with a tool receiving area (3) for at least one lower forming tool and at least one ram (7) with a tool receiving area (70) for at least one upper forming tool,
b) wherein the plunger (7) is arranged above the machine table (2) and is movably arranged by means of a drive device against the machine table,
c) wherein the drive means for the plunger (7)
c1) at least two, preferably four, connecting rods (11 to 14) which are coupled in an upper connecting rod bearing (11A to 14A, 61, 62 and 63) directly or indirectly to the plunger (7),
c2) at least one about a shaft axis (A, B) rotatable crankshaft, preferably two about a shaft axis (A, B) rotatable crankshafts (15, 16), at the at least one connecting rod (11 to 14), preferably two connecting rods (11 and 14, 12 and 13), in a lower connecting rod bearing (11B to 14B and 31 to 34) is coupled, and
c3) at least one servomotor (21 to 24) for driving the at least one crankshaft (15, 16)
having,
d) wherein each crankshaft (15, 16) and the lower connecting rod bearings (11B to 14B and 31 to 34) of the connecting rods (11 to 14) below the plunger (7) and / or below the tool receiving area (3) of the machine table is arranged or and the upper connecting rod bearings (11A to 14A, 61, 62 and 63) of the connecting rods (11 to 14) above the tool receiving area (3) of the machine table (2) and / or above the tool holder (70) of the plunger (7) are.

Description

The present invention relates to a forming machine.

DE 10 2004 009 256 B4 describes a drive system of a servo press for the movement of a plunger with a controllable by a servo motor eccentric or crank mechanism. The drive system is arranged on a press stand, wherein the movement of the plunger preferably takes place via a toggle mechanism. Furthermore, it is described that the eccentrics are synchronized via a transmission branch and at least one servo motor operates position-controlled.

The DE 10 2005 001 878 B3 describes a servo press with toggle mechanism, which has a servomotor operated toggle mechanism as a ram drive, whereby both the achievement of large forming forces and the largely optional design of the path-time curve of the ram is possible. At least one auxiliary drive additionally acts on the plunger in order to achieve the controllable swept stroke of the plunger on the controlled by the toggle lever achievable degree addition. The auxiliary drive is preferably position-controlled or controlled and controlled by the control device which also controls the toggle lever servo drive.

Due to the high forces occurring during pressing operations, the mechanical components of these known servo presses are heavily loaded, whereby the performance of these servo presses is limited.

The object of the invention is now to provide a resilient with respect to the forces occurring forming machine, in particular servo press, with a simplified structure.

This object is achieved by a forming machine with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

According to a first aspect of the invention comprises a forming machine, which is particularly for cold or hot forming of metallic workpieces, such as metallic sheets, provided and in particular a servo press, at least one machine table with a tool receiving area for at least one lower forming tool and at least one plunger with a Tool receiving area for at least one upper forming tool. The plunger is arranged above the machine table and movable relative to or relative to the machine table. To drive the plunger this is mechanically coupled at least indirectly with at least two connecting rods via upper connecting rod bearings (or: in power transmission connection). The connecting rods are in turn mounted in lower connecting rod bearings on at least one crankshaft rotatable about a shaft axis, which is mechanically coupled to at least one servomotor. At least the crankshaft (s) of such a drive device for the plunger is or are arranged below the plunger and / or below the tool receiving area of the machine table. Furthermore, the lower connecting rod bearings of the associated connecting rod (s) are arranged on the crankshaft, in particular on an associated eccentric on the crankshaft, below the plunger and / or below the tool holder of the machine table, while the upper connecting rod bearing of this connecting rod above the tool holder of the machine table are arranged. By such an arrangement of the crankshafts) the connecting rods are loaded during the forming movement of the plunger down only on train, so that no more buckling load occurs.

Machine table is to be understood as terminus technicus synonymous for each lower machine part that can accommodate the lower forming tools and is located below the plunger.

According to a second aspect of the invention, which can be combined with the first aspect of the invention, but also claimed alone, comprises a forming machine in addition to machine table with tool receiving area for at least one lower forming tool and plunger with tool receiving area for at least one upper forming a vertically guided, movable Console on which the plunger is fixed by means of at least one adjustment and with the plunger is thus mitbewegbar or moved. With the adjustment (s) of the plunger in the vertical direction relative to the console is adjustable or adjustable or a vertical distance between plunger and console adjustable, in particular for setting an operating point of the plunger stroke and / or adaptation to a desired forming height of the workpiece or for retracting a new forming tool on the forming machine. The adjusting device (s) in particular has an adjusting drive for automatic adjustment.

According to a third aspect of the invention, which can be combined as desired with the first aspect of the invention and the second aspect of the invention, comprises a forming machine next to machine table with tool receiving area for at least one lower forming tool and plunger with tool receiving area for at least an upper forming tool at least one compensating device for at least partially compensating the Weight of the plunger and possibly the or a console to which the plunger is connected.

The compensating device preferably exerts a counterbalance force directed upward against the force of gravity on the plunger and possibly also on the or a bracket, which compensating force preferably ensures that the bearing gaps or gaps are generally in the connecting rod bearings or in the adjusting devices between the plunger and the console usually stay on the bottom side regardless of the direction of the plunger movement up or down.

The balancing device is generally connected or coupled in the force path between the stator or crosshead on the one hand and the plunger and / or possibly the or a console. In a preferred embodiment, the balancing device has at least one return element, the downward deflection of an upwardly acting restoring force opposite, in particular a resilient return element and / or at least one pneumatic return element.

The forming machine according to the second and third aspect of the invention is particularly intended for cold or hot forming of metallic workpieces, such as metallic sheets, and preferably a servo press.

An attachment of the plunger to a guided on or in vertical guides, movable console, which is coupled in the upper connecting rod bearings with the connecting rods, even without the adjustment described or relative displacement between plunger and console makes sense.

In all embodiments, the console preferably comprises two side parts and a transverse part connecting the two side parts. The plunger has, is preferably arranged below the cross member and in particular between the side parts and preferably attached to the cross member. Preferably, one or two connecting rods are respectively mounted or coupled in the respective upper connecting rod bearings on each side part of the console. Such zugrahmenartige console can absorb good forces.

The forming machine comprises in one embodiment a machine frame with one or two uprights and a crosshead, wherein preferably on the crosshead and / or on the stand or (s) vertical guides are provided, on which guide elements of the plunger and / or guide elements of the console are guided vertically.

In one embodiment, each crankshaft is rotatably mounted in or on the machine table below the tool receiving area, in particular in two inner bearings and two outer bearings. Furthermore, at least one crankshaft can be constructed from at least two crankshaft parts, which are connected to one another via a clutch.

In general, each crankshaft has an eccentric for each associated connecting rod to which a lower connecting rod end of the connecting rod is mounted eccentrically to the shaft axis of the crankshaft to form a lower connecting rod bearing, wherein the eccentric in rotation of the crankshaft about its shaft axis in a rotational movement about the shaft axis moves, during this rotational movement of the eccentric with the lower connecting rod end mounted thereon, the upper connecting rod end of the same connecting rod moves vertically up or down.

In addition, each crankshaft are preferably associated with two connecting rods and / or each crankshaft is driven by two servomotors, in particular at their shaft end regions. By such an arrangement of two servomotors, the torsional forces acting on the crankshaft are reduced and the two connecting rods of this crankshaft can be subjected to substantially the same torque. The lower connecting rod bearing or the eccentric on the crankshaft for the one or more connecting rods is or are preferably arranged between the coupling regions of the crankshaft for the servomotors.

The at least one servomotor or the two servomotors can drive the associated crankshaft directly, in particular at the same speed, or via a transmission gear. In particular, the use of a torque motor or a segment motor as a servomotor allows the operation of the servo motor as a direct drive with low speeds and high torque.

Preferably, the one or more servomotors are arranged below the plunger and / or below the tool receiving area of the machine table.

Preferred is an embodiment of the forming machine with two crankshafts and four connecting rods, wherein each two connecting rods are connected to each other via a crankshaft or driven together. The two crankshafts are preferably arranged parallel to one another and offset from one another. The upper connecting rod bearings of these four connecting rods then preferably surround the plunger or the console in a symmetrical arrangement, lie particularly in the corner regions of the plunger or the console or the corner points of a rectangle in which the plunger or the console lies in cross section.

Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, two drive units, each comprising two connecting rods with associated connecting rod bearings, a crankshaft and one or two associated servomotors optionally with transmission gears, are constructed identical to each other and / or arranged with respect to a central plane of symmetry of the forming machine substantially mirror-symmetrical. Also, the plunger and / or the console and / or the machine table and in particular also substantially the entire forming machine may be formed with respect to a central plane of symmetry of the forming machine substantially mirror-symmetrical.

The symmetrical embodiments described allow an efficient derivation and compensation forces occurring during operation on frame parts of the forming machine such as the stand or in an advantageous manner.

Finally, at least one crankshaft and / or at least one servo motor, a mechanical braking device or a safety lock can be arranged, for example, for holding the plunger and preventing unintentional start.

The invention will now be explained in more detail by means of embodiments, reference being made to the accompanying drawings. Shown schematically in each case:

1 a forming machine according to the invention in a representation from the front, whereby components are partially cut free drawing and thus visible,

2 the forming machine according to 1 in a partially sectioned representation of the page and

3 the forming machine according to 1 and 2 in a partially sectioned view from above

The 1 to 3 show a, in particular designed as a servo press, forming machine 1 holding a machine table 2 , one or two stands 4 with a crosshead 5 and one on the stand (s)) 4 and / or crosshead 5 guided, vertically movable plunger 7 includes.

At one the pestle 7 facing top of the machine table 2 , in particular on a table top, is a tool holder 3 for receiving the, not shown, lower forming tools of the machine table 2 intended. At the machine table 2 facing bottom of the ram 7 is a tool holder 70 provided for receiving, not shown, upper forming tools. The tool holders 3 and 70 For example, in a manner known per se, they can have a grid of fastening positions for positioning the tools. The area between the tool holders 3 and 70 from machine table 2 and pestles 7 forms the workspace 6 in which the tools and then between the tools the workpieces are (can) be arranged. During the forming process in particular pressing process at a servo press, the plunger is 7 moved down so that upper and lower forming tools or tool halves by means of the plunger 7 applied forming force, in particular pressing force, cooperate and reshaping a workpiece located between the forming tools according to the geometric and mechanical engineering design of the tools. The to the machine table 2 towards vertical downward working direction or forming direction of the plunger 7 is shown with an arrow marked P and is the pressing direction in a servo press.

At the crosshead 5 and / or the stand (s)) 4 are now, preferably four, vertical guides, in particular guide rails and / or guide grooves, arranged and fixed, of which two front guides 45 and 46 on both sides in 1 are shown.

The pestle 7 has corresponding guide elements in particular also four guide elements, on, on or in the guides on the stand (s) 4 and / or crosshead 5 , in particular via intermediate rolling bearings, are guided vertically. In 1 The two front guide elements are shown in or on the guide 45 Guided guide element shown on the right 75 and that in or on the lead 46 guided guide element shown on the left 76 ,

The pestle 7 is in the preferred embodiment shown on a console 9 held with the pestle 7 is moved along and also about, preferably also four, guide elements on the vertical guides, in particular via intermediate rolling bearings, is guided, of which in 1 the two front guide elements 95 at the lead 45 and 96 at the lead 46 are shown. The console 9 forms a cross-sectionally approximately U-shaped, the plunger 7 from above and from the side framing or surrounding draw frame with two vertically extending side panels 91 and 92 , the side of the plunger 7 surround or frame, and one the two side panels 91 and 92 connecting horizontal cross member 93 on which the plunger 7 via connecting elements (adjusting devices) 8th is attached hanging and thus above the plunger 7 is arranged. console 9 and tappet 7 are firmly connected together during the forming movement and are moved together under common linear vertical guidance in the guides, z. B. 45 and 46 , on stand 4 and / or crosshead 5 ,

For the forming movement of the ram 7 relative to the machine table 2 is the pestle 7 of at least two, in the illustrated embodiment four, connecting rods 11 to 14 vertically against the machine table 2 movable. The connecting rods 11 to 14 are with the side panels 91 and 92 the console 9 , preferably in the corner regions, coupled to the front and back of the side part 91 the two connecting rods 11 and 14 and on the front and back of the side panel 92 the connecting rods 12 and 13 , The four connecting rods 11 to 14 thus pull the console 9 in the forming movement down to the machine table 2 and press the console 9 in the return movement back up. The console 9 pushes with her crosspiece 93 via the connecting elements ( 8th ) during the forming movement of the plunger 7 down and pull the plunger 7 in the return movement with upwards. It takes the guided console 9 even as Zugrahmen the tensile forces and possibly occurring tilting moments on and the plunger 7 can be largely free of transverse forces and torque-free in its linear guide on stand 4 and / or crosshead 5 move.

In the illustrated embodiment is at an upper connecting rod end 11A to 14A every connecting rod 11 to 14 one at the associated side part 91 and 92 bolt fastened to the console along a bolt axis passing through the bolt through or into an opening (the upper "eye") in the upper end of the connecting rod 11A to 14A plugged and stored rotatably therein. You can see them in the 1 and 2 bolts 61 . 62 and 64 with the associated bolt axes B1, B2 and B4 in the associated connecting rod ends 11A . 12A and 14A ,

The two a side part 91 or 92 the console 9 assigned and at their upper connecting rod ends 11A to 14A coupled with connecting rod 11 and 14 respectively. 12 and 13 are at their lower ends 11B and 14B respectively. 12B and 13B with each other via one crankshaft (or: eccentric shaft) 15 respectively. 16 coupled. The two connecting rods 11 and 14 at one, in 1 and 3 Left, side are through a first crankshaft 15 connected to each other, which is rotatable about a shaft axis A, and the two connecting rods 12 and 13 on the other side are through a second crankshaft 16 connected to each other, which is rotatable about a shaft axis B. The two shaft axes A and B of the crankshafts 15 and 16 are arranged parallel to one another and in particular at the same height or in the same horizontal plane.

The crankshafts 15 and 16 point for each connecting rod 11 to 14 one associated with the crankshaft 15 or 16 co-rotating eccentric element 31 to 34 on with an eccentric axis, which is arranged parallel to and spaced from the respective shaft axis A and B, respectively. You can see it in 1 the eccentric axes E1 and E2 of the eccentric elements 31 and 32 and in 2 the eccentric axes E1 and E4 of the eccentric elements 31 and 34 ,

Each eccentric element 31 to 34 is on the crankshaft 15 or 16 formed in the form of an arm or projection and includes a pin or bolt passing through an opening (the "eye") in the lower end of the connecting rod 11B to 14B of the associated connecting rod 11 to 14 inserted and rotatably mounted therein. The eccentric axes, in particular E1, E2 and E4 extend through the pins or bolts of the eccentric elements, in particular 31 . 32 and 34 ,

Upon rotation of the crankshaft 15 respectively. 16 the eccentric elements rotate 31 to 34 with and their eccentric axes, z. B. E1, E2 and E4, move in a circular rotational movement (eccentric movement) RB about the shaft axis A and B, wherein the diameter D of this rotational movement RB twice the distance from the eccentric axis, in particular E1, E2 or E4, to the shaft axis A or B corresponds.

The bolt axes, in particular B1, B2 and B4, the bolt, in particular 61 . 62 and 64 , in the upper connecting rod ends 11A to 14A and the eccentric axes, in particular E1, E2 and E4, the eccentric elements, in particular 31 . 32 and 34 , Preferably, parallel to each other and preferably also parallel to the shaft axes A and B of the crankshafts 15 and 16 ,

The bolts on the side panels 91 and 92 form together with the upper connecting rod ends 11A to 14A and their openings or eyes each upper rod bearing for coupling the connecting rod 11 to 14 to the console 9 and thus to the pestle 7 , The eccentric elements, for. B. 31 . 32 and 34 , in particular their bolts, in turn form together with the lower connecting rod ends 11B to 14B and their openings or eyes each lower connecting rod bearings, which are used for coupling the crankshaft 15 or 16 and thus the servomotors 21 to 24 to the associated connecting rods 11 to 14 are provided. However, the upper and lower connecting rod bearings can also be designed in other known manner.

A rotary motion of the crankshaft 15 or 16 about its shaft axis A or B now leads to an eccentric movement or rotational movement RB of the two attached to the crankshaft eccentric elements, in particular 31 and 34 at the crankshaft 15 . The associated connecting rods 11 and 14 respectively. 12 and 13 follow this rotational movement RB of the eccentric elements at their lower connecting rod ends 11A and 14A respectively. 12A and 13A , The angular positions of the eccentric elements, z. B. 31 . 32 and 34 , different connecting rods 11 to 14 are generally set equal and synchronized with each other.

Due to the synchronized eccentric movements RB all connecting rods move 11 to 14 at their upper connecting rod ends 11A to 14A vertically in a vertical movement designated VB linearly synchronously up or down and thus move the console coupled to the four upper rod bearings 9 and the plunger connected thereto 7 linear in the forming direction P down and then again opposite to it upwards.

In 1 are the lower point of rotation RB as UP1 at the connecting rod 11 and UP2 at the connecting rod 12 and the corresponding upper point as OP1 and OP2. At complete rotation or complete rotation of the crankshaft through the upper point and lower point, so z. B. OP1 to UP1 or OP2 to UP2, the maximum possible Pleuelhub is reached, which then corresponds to the full diameter D of the circle of the eccentric or rotational movement RB. In this case, then the ram stroke H between the TDC and UT is equal to the maximum Pleuelhub D. The eccentric or rotational movement RB can only be in a direction of rotation or in a pendulum motion to the lower point UP1 of the rotational movement RB with periodically changing or alternately rotation.

The crankshaft rotating about the shaft axis A. 15 is from two synchronized servomotors 21 and 24 driven and rotating about the shaft axis B crankshaft 16 is also from two synchronized servomotors 22 and 23 driven, the two servomotors 21 and 24 respectively. 22 and 23 preferably in each case in the region of the shaft ends to the crankshaft 15 or 16 are coupled. The two servomotors per crankshaft also serve to avoid torsional moments in the crankshaft as possible or to keep small.

In the illustrated embodiment (see especially 3 ) is between each servomotor 21 to 24 and associated crankshaft 15 or 16 a transmission gear 51 to 54 switched to translate the engine speed to the crankshaft speed, in particular a gear transmission.

But it is also a direct drive of the crankshafts by the servomotors (in which case the engine speed corresponds to the crankshaft speed) without intermediate gears possible, especially when using torque motors or segment motors. Furthermore, only one servomotor can also be provided per crankshaft.

The four connecting rods 11 to 14 are preferably identical to each other, in particular the same length. Preferably, the two drive units, each of the side parts 91 and 92 are assigned to the console and two connecting rods 11 and 14 respectively. 12 and 13 with associated connecting rod bearings, a crankshaft 15 respectively. 16 and two associated servomotors 21 and 24 respectively. 22 and 23 if necessary with gearboxes 51 and 54 respectively. 52 and 53 comprise, structurally identical to each other and arranged with respect to a central plane of symmetry S mirror-symmetrical. Likewise, each is also the console 9 and the pestle 7 and possibly also stands 4 and crosshead 5 as well as the machine table 2 preferably formed mirror-symmetrically to the plane of symmetry S. In 3 Please note that the cutting planes according to 1 left and right are different. With the same cutting plane would be in 3 the components mentioned are all mirror-symmetrical.

The servomotors 21 to 24 and the associated gears 51 to 54 are on the outer longitudinal sides of the machine table 2 arranged below the tool holder 3 , Also the crankshafts 15 and 16 and the lower connecting rod bearings and lower portions of the connecting rods 11 to 14 are below the lower tool holder 3 of the machine table 2 and thus also below the plunger 7 intended. The upper connecting rod bearings of the connecting rods 11 to 14 are on the other hand above the tool holder 3 of the machine table 2 , in particular at the height of the plunger 7 arranged. This is achieved in an advantageous manner that of the machine table 2 seen from the above located plunger 7 via its console 9 is pulled down during the forming movement and pressure forces are avoided.

As in 2 pictured, every crankshaft is here 15 in two outer camps 18 and two inner camps 17 rotating in or at the machine table 2 stored. In particular, the crankshaft 15 be constructed in two or more parts except a one-piece design, for example according to 2 two crankshaft parts 15A and 158 which have a coupling 19 connected to each other.

Further, for detecting the servomotor and thus the plunger 7 and preventing unwanted startup at each servomotor 21 to 24 or on the crankshaft 15 and 16 Also, an unspecified mechanical brake or locking unit may be arranged.

When the lower and upper forming tools on the respective tool holders 3 respectively. 70 are mounted, their vertical distance is something greater than the maximum vertical deflection or the stroke of the plunger 7 between OT and UT, which corresponds to the Pleuelhub D to allow a deformation of a lying between the forming tools workpiece, in particular sheet metal.

In adaptation to a desired forming height of the workpiece, ie how far the workpiece is deformed in the vertical direction, or for retracting a new forming tool on the forming machine 1 is preferably an adjustment for setting an operating point and thus the TDC or the Hubausgangslage and the UT or the stroke end position of the plunger 7 intended. The pestle 7 is for this purpose, as in 1 and 3 to recognize, over several, in the example of the 3 four, adjustment devices 8th as connecting elements to the console 9 at its distance d to the transverse part 93 the console 9 adjustable in a predetermined setting interval between a minimum distance and a maximum distance. So you can, without that on the drive with the connecting rods 11 to 14 something has to be changed, the OT and the UT and the intermediate stroke range between OT and UT are moved vertically. A larger distance d '> d brings OT and UT of the plunger 7 closer to the machine table 2 , especially its tool holder 3 and a smaller distance d ''<d increases the distance from TDC and TDC to the machine table 2 ,

The adjustment devices 8th Although in principle be manually adjustable, but are preferably each provided with drives, for example with spindle drives or worm drives, each comprising at least one electric drive motor. This allows the adjustment of the distance d and thus the vertical position of OT and UT automated and done in very precise setting steps.

In the illustrated embodiment, no drive element is in the way of the working area 6 arranged. The supply and removal of the workpieces to be machined, for example, by a handling robot, or the assembly or disassembly of forming tools can thus be done from all four sides and on all four sides.

The drive of the crankshafts 15 and 16 over the servomotors 21 to 24 and is about the control device 20 synchronized fully electronically, so that, for example, the servomotors approach coordinated and run and / or provide matched torques available.

For at least partial compensation of the weight of the plunger 7 and the console 9 is preferably the plunger 7 or alternatively the console 9 advantageously via a (only in 1 shown) compensation device 10 with the stand (s) 4 or the crosshead 5 coupled. The equalizer 10 exerts a counteracting gravity upward balancing force on the plunger 7 and with it also with the pestle 7 connected console 9 or vice versa on the console 9 and thus on the pestle 7 out. The equalizer 10 In particular, it comprises at least one restoring element, which opposes an upwardly directed restoring force to a downward deflection, in particular a resilient restoring element. The compensation device preferably comprises 10 at least one pneumatic return element (or: a pneumatic spring), in particular a pneumatic piston, because of the possible advantageous characteristics. But it can also be provided a mechanical spring. By the compensation device 10 will apply a tensile force or preload on the plunger 7 and the console 9 and the connecting rods connected in the upper connecting rod bearings 11 to 14 exercised, which ensures in the upper and lower conrod bearings that the bearing gaps always on one side, namely the lower side, remain and not jump back and forth in the reversal of the plunger movement from bottom to top and vice versa. In other words, the bearing clearances are kept defined on the lower side.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

forming machine

2

machine table

3

tool holder

4

stand

5

crosshead

6

Workspace

7

tappet

8th

adjustment

9

console

10

balancer

11 to 14

pleuel

11A to 14A

upper end of the connecting rod

11B to 14B

lower end of the connecting rod

15, 16

crankshaft

15A, 15B

crankshaft part

17

Bottom Bracket

18

external storage

19

clutch

20

control device

21 to 24

servomotor

25

input unit

31, 32, 34

eccentric

45, 46

guide

51 to 54

up gear

61, 62, 64

bolt

70

tool holder

75, 76

guide element

91, 92

side panel

93

cross section

95, 96

guide element

d

distance

A, B

shaft axis

B1, B2

pin axis

E1, E2

eccentric

P

pressing direction

RB

rotational motion

VB

vertical movement

H

stroke

OT

top dead center of the plunger

UT

Bottom dead center of the ram

S

plane of symmetry

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102004009256 B4 [0002]
• DE 102005001878 B3 [0003]

Claims (12)

Forming machine, in particular for cold or hot forming of metallic workpieces, for example metallic sheets, preferably servo press, comprising a) at least one machine table ( 2 ) with a tool receiving area ( 3 ) for at least one lower forming tool and at least one plunger ( 7 ) with a tool receiving area ( 70 ) for at least one upper forming tool, b) wherein the plunger ( 7 ) above the machine table ( 2 ) is arranged and movable by means of a drive device against the machine table, c) wherein the drive means for the plunger ( 7 ) c1) at least two, preferably four, connecting rods ( 11 to 14 ) in an upper connecting rod bearing ( 11A to 14A . 61 . 62 and 63 ) directly or indirectly to the plunger ( 7 c2) at least one about a shaft axis (A, B) rotatable crankshaft, preferably two about a shaft axis (A, B) rotatable crankshafts ( 15 . 16 ), at least one connecting rod ( 11 to 14 ), preferably two connecting rods ( 11 and 14 . 12 and 13 ), in a lower connecting rod bearing ( 11B to 14B and 31 to 34 ), and c3) at least one servo motor ( 21 to 24 ) for driving the at least one crankshaft ( 15 . 16 d) each crankshaft ( 15 . 16 ) and the lower connecting rod bearings ( 11B to 14B and 31 to 34 ) the connecting rod ( 11 to 14 ) below the plunger ( 7 ) and / or below the tool receiving area ( 3 ) of the machine table is or are and the upper connecting rod bearings ( 11A to 14A . 61 . 62 and 63 ) the connecting rod ( 11 to 14 ) above the tool receiving area ( 3 ) of the machine table ( 2 ) and / or above the tool holder ( 70 ) of the plunger ( 7 ) are arranged. Forming machine according to claim 1, wherein each crankshaft ( 15 . 16 ) in or on the machine table ( 2 ) below the tool receiving area ( 3 ), in particular in two inner bearings ( 17 ) and two outer bearings ( 18 ), and / or at least one crankshaft ( 15 . 16 ) of at least two crankshaft parts ( 15A . 15B ) is constructed, which via a coupling ( 19 ) and / or at which each crankshaft ( 15 . 16 ) with two connecting rods ( 11 and 14 . 12 and 13 ) is coupled. Forming machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein each crankshaft ( 15 . 16 ) for each associated connecting rod an eccentric ( 31 . 32 . 34 ), at which, forming a lower connecting rod bearing, a lower connecting rod end ( 11B to 14B ) of the connecting rod ( 11 to 14 ) eccentric to the shaft axis (A, B) of the crankshaft ( 15 . 16 ) is mounted, wherein the eccentric upon rotation of the crankshaft about its shaft axis in a rotational movement (RB) about the shaft axis (A, B) moves, said in this rotational movement of the eccentric with the lower connecting rod end mounted thereon, the upper end of the connecting rod ( 11A to 14A ) of the same connecting rod ( 11 to 14 ) moves vertically up or down. Forming machine according to one of the preceding claims, in which each crankshaft ( 15 . 16 ) of two servomotors ( 21 and 24 . 22 and 23 ) is driven, in particular at its shaft end, wherein in particular the lower connecting rod bearing or the eccentric or on the crankshaft for the one or more connecting rods between the coupling regions of the crankshaft for the servomotors is or are and / or in which the at least one servomotor or the two servomotors the associated crankshaft directly, in particular at the same speed, or via a transmission gear ( 51 to 54 ) drives or drives, and / or in which also the at least one servomotor ( 21 to 24 ) below the plunger ( 7 ) and / or below the tool receiving area ( 3 ) of the machine table is arranged. Forming machine according to one of the preceding claims, in which the plunger ( 7 ) on an on or in vertical guides ( 45 . 46 ), movable console ( 9 ), which is coupled in the upper connecting rod bearings with the connecting rods, is fixed and with the console mitbewegbar or moved, preferably the plunger ( 7 ) is also guided on or in vertical guides, preferably on or in the same vertical guides as the console with to guide elements ( 95 . 96 ) of the console staggered guide elements ( 75 . 76 ) of the plunger ( 7 ). Forming machine, in particular for cold or hot forming of metallic workpieces, for example metallic sheets, preferably servo press, in particular forming machine according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a) at least one machine table ( 2 ) with a tool receiving area ( 3 ) for at least one lower forming tool and at least one plunger ( 7 ) with a tool receiving area ( 70 ) for at least one upper forming tool, wherein the plunger ( 7 ) above the machine table ( 2 ) and is arranged movable against the machine table, b) wherein the plunger ( 7 ) on a vertically guided, movable console ( 9 ), by means of at least one adjusting device ( 8th ) and is movable or moved with the console and c) wherein, in particular for setting an operating point of the ram stroke and / or adaptation to a desired forming height of the workpiece or for retracting a new forming tool on the forming machine, by means of the adjusting device (s) ( 8th ) the plunger ( 7 ) in the vertical direction relative to the console ( 9 ) or a vertical distance (d) between plunger ( 7 ) and console ( 9 ) is adjustable, wherein the adjusting device (s) ( 8th ) in particular has an adjusting drive. Forming machine according to Claim 5 or Claim 6, in which the console has two side parts ( 91 . 92 ) and a transverse part connecting the two side parts ( 93 ), wherein preferably the plunger ( 7 ) below the crosspiece ( 93 ) and in particular between the side parts and is preferably attached to the transverse part and / or preferably at each side part ( 91 . 92 ) of the console ( 9 ) are mounted or coupled in each case one or two connecting rods in the respective upper connecting rod bearings. Forming machine according to one of the preceding claims, in which the connecting rods ( 11 to 14 ) the plunger ( 7 ) or the console ( 9 ) with the plunger ( 7 ) when moving in the working direction (P) on the tool receiving area ( 3 ) on the machine table while pulling forces. Forming machine according to one of the preceding claims with one or two stands ( 4 ) and a crosshead ( 5 ), preferably at the crosshead ( 5 ) and / or on the stand (s) ( 4 ) vertical guides ( 45 and 46 ) are provided, on which guide elements ( 75 . 76 ) of the plunger ( 7 ) and / or guiding elements ( 95 . 96 ) of the console ( 9 ) guided vertically. Forming machine according to one of the preceding claims, in which the connecting rods ( 11 to 14 ) are identical to each other, in particular of the same length, are formed and / or in the two drive units, each having two connecting rods ( 11 and 14 respectively. 12 and 13 ) with associated connecting rod bearings, a crankshaft ( 15 respectively. 16 ) and one or two associated servomotors ( 21 and 24 respectively. 22 and 23 ) if necessary with gearboxes ( 51 and 54 respectively. 52 and 53 ) are of identical design to each other and / or are arranged with respect to a central plane of symmetry (S) of the forming machine substantially mirror-symmetrical and / or in which the plunger ( 7 ) and / or the console ( 9 ) and / or the machine table ( 2 ) and preferably substantially the entire forming machine with respect to a central plane of symmetry (S) of the forming machine is designed substantially mirror-symmetrical or are. Forming machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one crankshaft and / or at least one servomotor, a mechanical braking device or a safety lock is arranged. Forming machine, in particular for cold or hot forming of metallic workpieces, for example metallic sheets, preferably servo press, in particular forming machine according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a) at least one machine table ( 2 ) with a tool receiving area ( 3 ) for at least one lower forming tool and at least one plunger ( 7 ) with a tool receiving area ( 70 ) for at least one upper forming tool, b) wherein the plunger ( 7 ) above the machine table ( 2 ) is arranged and is arranged movable by means of a drive device against the machine table, and further comprising c) at least one compensation device ( 10 ) for at least partially compensating the weight of the plunger ( 7 ) and possibly the or a console ( 9 ), the compensation device ( 10 ) preferably a gravity counteracting upward balancing force on the plunger ( 7 ) and possibly also on the or a console ( 9 ), which compensating force preferably ensures that in the connecting rod bearings, the bearing gaps usually remain on the lower side regardless of the direction of the plunger movement, and / or, wherein the compensation device ( 10 ) preferably with the stand (s) ( 4 ) or the crosshead ( 5 ) on the one hand and the plunger ( 7 ) and / or if necessary the or a console ( 9 ) is coupled on the other hand and / or wherein the compensation device ( 10 ), in particular at least one restoring element, which opposes an upward deflection force to a downward deflection comprises, in particular a resilient return element and / or at least one pneumatic return element.

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