DE102009041571B4 - Method and device for determining the quantity during the transfer of a liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining the quantity during the transfer of a liquid, in particular milk, and in particular in the course of transferring this milk from a supply container of a supplier in a collection tank of a transport vehicle, such as a dairy, according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus to carry out the method according to the preamble of claim 24. It is an object of the present invention to ensure in a generic method and a generic device that at high transfer performance through the measuring line, the degassing loses their transfer performance limiting function and doing a reliable and accurate quantification the transferred liquid is given. This is achieved by the method thereby
• that the degassing arrangement (2) is continuously applied over the entire duration of the transfer,
That the need to degas the liquid to be transferred, upstream of the degassing (2) is continuously determined by means of a gas bubble detecting device (3),
That the liquid to be transferred is divided and branched before reaching the degassing arrangement (2) and optionally when there is no need for its degassing,
And that the part of the liquid to be transferred which is not supplied to the degassing arrangement (2) is guided past the degassing arrangement (2) and brought together downstream of the degassing arrangement (2) with the liquid emerging from it and the combined liquid is fed to the flow measuring device (4) ,

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The invention relates to a method for determining the amount during the transfer of a liquid, in particular milk, and in particular in the course of the transfer of this milk from a supply container of a supplier in a collection tank of a transport vehicle, such as a dairy, according to the preamble of claim 1. In a Such method is provided that the liquid is introduced at an inlet opening into a measuring line and is discharged at an outlet opening from the measuring line, and an amount of liquid flowing through the measuring line is determined by means of a measuring line associated flow measuring device, wherein for degassing in the Measuring line flowing liquid is provided before reaching the flow measuring device, a degassing.

The invention further relates to a device for determining the amount during the transfer of a liquid, in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention, according to the preamble of claim 24, with a measuring line having at its one end an inlet opening and at its other end an outlet opening for the liquid , a flow measuring device associated with the measuring line for measuring a liquid quantity flowing through the measuring line and a degassing arrangement arranged upstream of the flow measuring device for degassing the liquid flowing in the measuring line.

STATE OF THE ART

A generic method and a generic device are, for example, in the DE 38 37 765 A1 (SCHWARTE) revealed. This document describes two different procedures for determining the amount during the transfer of a liquid, in particular milk, which, however, are subordinate to a common mode of action. This principle of operation is that the non-liquid filled headspace of the degassing, there called air separator, takes over the coupling of the entering into the degassing and exiting flow.

In the event that the degassing is supplied via a conveyor liquid, - one speaks in this case of a so-called. Pump system - promotes the headspace by overpressure towards the destination for the liquid latter from the degassing out. If, in the other case, a delivery device downstream of the degassing arrangement is downstream-one speaks of a so-called vacuum system in this case-then the headspace has the task of pumping the latter into the degassing arrangement by forming negative pressure relative to the place of origin of the liquid. A pump system is z. B. in the DE 24 37 306 B1 (JANSKY) and the DE 34 40 092 A1 (TUGENHAGEN) described.

In both acceptance systems, the pump or vacuum system, the degassing arrangement located in the measurement line serves to counteract distortions in the measurement result of the flow meter which may be due to gas inclusions contained in the liquid to be transferred under certain operating and transfer conditions of the acceptor system are. In both cases, there is a correlation between the volume of the head space and the pressure forming therein, and it is the change in the level in the degassing assembly that provides information about how the volume flow entering and leaving the degassing system is related. Therefore, in all known methods, the delivery rate of the degassing over the level regulated.

In the case of the pump system, the overpressure in the headspace of the degassing arrangement is controlled via a discharge valve and possibly aeration valve arranged in connection with the conveying device arranged upstream of the degassing arrangement, while in the vacuum system the negative pressure in the headspace is controlled via a vacuum source (eg Liquid ring pump, ejectors) is generated. In both acceptance systems, the measuring line opens in the form of an inlet line into the headspace of the degassing and it emerges in the form of a drain line from the bottom area of the same.

Since for decades in the generic method and the generic device, the entire liquid to be transferred is performed exclusively via the degassing, the latter is always a transfer performance crucial limiting component of the respective acceptance system. The known from the prior art degassing, the suitability in the Frame of the generic method and the generic device have (eg. DE 24 37 306 B1 (JANSKY); DE 26 37 026 A1 (RIND); EP 00 44 929 A1 (RIND); DE 30 40 670 A1 (AHRENS &BODE); DE 34 30 301 A1 (EISMANN); DE 34 31 176 A1 (EISMANN); DE 34 40 310 A1 (TUCHENHAGEN); DE 35 05 466 C1 (TUCHENHAGEN); DE 38 37 765 A1 (SCHWARTE-WERK); DE 39 09 578 A1 (SCHWARTE-WERK)), the gas inclusions in the liquid to be transferred over the free surface of a respective subset of this liquid from which must remain for a sufficiently long time in the degassing and there due to the gas bubble buoyancy and / or by the centrifugal force of a degassed tangential velocity component of a rotational flow. This so-called residence time τ results from the ratio of the liquid-filled volume V of the degassing arrangement and the desired or required transfer capacity Q of the acceptance system with τ = V / Q. It can be seen that with increasing transfer power Q, the required volume V of the degassing arrangement must also increase. Thus, in practice, either the transfer capacity Q must be limited or a comparatively heavy and voluminous degassing arrangement (in particular a degassing vessel with a relatively large volume V) must be selected, which is undesirable in particular for tank trucks. The degassing decides not whether a degassing is necessary at all; it subjects gas-free liquid of the same residence time τ as liquid requiring degassing.

In order to at least temporarily disable the degassing arrangement in its function limiting the transfer function, it has been proposed within the scope of the generic method and the generic device ( DE 195 40 884 C2 (HAAR)), to detect the gas content of the liquid flowing through the measuring section permanently or at intervals. Furthermore, in dependence on the deviation of the detected gas fraction from an admissible value, the volumetric flow of the liquid is influenced in the sense that it is reduced at excess gas content at least until the gas fraction of the liquid reaches the permissible value. Conversely, with a proportion of gas below the permissible value, the volume flow can be increased until the gas content reaches the permissible value. In this case, the invention makes use of the knowledge that significant gas inclusions occur only temporarily during the transfer of a liquid, in particular at the beginning of the transfer process, due to the incomplete intake process, inter alia, by so-called "venting" of the device into the degassing arrangement, and / or at the end of the transfer operation, due to the empty suction of the device until entry into the degassing arrangement and the local lowering of the liquid level to a shutdown level in the course of the quantity delimitation from the previous and the following supplier. In addition, accidental and unscheduled gas inputs can occur, which are generated for example by leaky couplings, defective hoses and valves or deliberate manipulation.

Furthermore, a measuring method and a device for quantity detection in the case of milk intake with mobile or stationary acceptance systems are known (US Pat. DE 197 10 296 C1 (SCHWARTE-WERK), which allow a liquid volume determination with reduced volume of the degassing. This succeeds in that only part of the milk flow is degassed. The remaining main flow, however, is not degassed. Instead, the realization is used that the speed of sound of ultrasonic pulses in an air / milk mixture is different than in deaerated milk. By dividing the flow into a main and a side stream, the possibility is created, the side stream, which can be kept so small that a reference measurement in de-aerated milk is still possible to rid of air bubbles, so that when sound through the main and the secondary flow is a significant signal on the one hand for an optionally present milk / air mixture and on the other hand, a reference signal for de-aerated milk is present. From the signals obtained, a current milk content in the main stream can be continuously calculated, and the milk volume of the transferred milk quantity (pure liquid phase) permeating the measuring arrangement as a whole can be determined in an acceptance time required for transferring the entire milk quantity.

From the DE 10 2005 005 295 A1 (BARTEC) discloses a method for conveying quantity detection, which completely dispenses with the arrangement of a degassing arrangement and thus the separation of the gas portions from the liquid to be transferred in a single transfer line, which also functions as a measuring line. Instead, the gas fractions are detected by means of a filling degree measuring device and included in the flow rate calculation. This method places comparatively high demands on the accuracy of the degree of filling measuring device.

From the WO 2008/141 664 A1 (BARTEC) are a method and a device for determining the amount in the transfer of a liquid, in particular milk, known that make use of the features of the generic method and the generic device. The solution proposed there is based on the known per se, already mentioned above, that Significant gas occlusions in the transfer of a liquid, and in particular at larger discharge quantities, in which the start and Abschlussvorgänge occur in the background, often occur only temporarily. This is borne in mind by the known method and the device for its implementation in that during normal operation, if there is no appreciable gas load, the liquid flow is conducted past the degassing arrangement. According to the method, this is achieved in that the liquid in the measuring line is fed discontinuously to a degassing arrangement. The apparatus for carrying out the method provides in this regard that a buffer is provided which branches off from the measuring line between the inlet opening and the flow-measuring device, in particular in a pipeline region of the measuring line, and in that a device for generating a negative pressure in the intermediate memory is, by means of which a liquid volume from the measuring line in the buffer is transferable.

The known method and the device for its implementation solve the problem in question, namely to eliminate the limitation of the transfer performance through the degassing, satisfactory only under very special transfer ratios and otherwise only seemingly. At most in long periods of time in which there is no gas loading, the degassing loses its limiting property in terms of the transfer performance for the transfer system as a whole. However, in this case, this indisputable profit is already partly nullified by the always necessary discontinuous mode of operation at the beginning and at the end of the transfer, and possibly in the case of a temporary accident. At least at the beginning and at the end of the transfer, the flow in the measuring line leading to the flow measuring device is completely interrupted, the liquid to be degassed is then diverted from the measuring line into a quasi "dead end" with storage and degassing function, the liquid remains there over the Duration of degassing and it is then returned on the reverse flow path in the measuring line.

The shorter the continuous phases, in which there is no appreciable gas loading, the more beat, in terms of time, the respective continuous phase on both sides flanking, mandatory to be traversed discontinuous phases of the transfer to Buche. Thus, in the broad spectrum of possible transfer ratios operating conditions certainly exist, in which the proposed method, taken as a whole, no increase in the transfer performance and thus no reduction of the transfer time for a certain amount of liquid to be transferred compared to known, generic method is given. Due to the discontinuous operation of the degassing, which may still deteriorated by consequent flow technically unfavorable inflow and outflow in their mode of action, rather, the maximum possible transfer performance of the known Entgasungsanordnungen not even fully exploited.

From the post-publication of the subject of the application DE 10 2008 061 361 A1 a device for the adoption of volatile liquids is known, in particular for alcohol intake from a tank truck with a degassing, in which the alcohol is passed from the tanker. The degassing container has an alcohol inlet and an alcohol outlet, which are arranged in the lower region of the degassing container. The alcohol inlet is connected to a supply line comprising a bypass line. The bypass line is preferably connected to a derivative of the alcohol outlet of the degassing vessel. The bypass line then comes into operation when the alcohol level drops at the tanker at the end of the filling and the level in the degassing tank falls below a predetermined level. In any case, this predetermined level is always reached when the alcohol level in the tank truck is at or below the level of the alcohol inlet, so that the degassing container can then no longer be filled. In this operating state, the alcohol in the bypass line, which is lower than the degassing, bypasses the degassing and in particular drained into the discharge of the degassing tank or pumped.

It is an object of the present invention, in a generic method and a generic device for determining quantity in the transfer of a liquid, in particular milk, ensure that at high transfer capacity through the measuring line, the degassing loses their transfer performance limiting function, while a reliable and accurate Quantity determination of the transferred liquid is given.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and an apparatus having the features of claim 24. Preferred embodiments are given in the respective dependent claims.

The first inventive idea is that the degassing is applied over the entire duration of the transfer always and under all transfer conditions. The maximum possible degassing performance of the degassing arrangement, but also any degassing power underneath, is thus continuously available if it is desired in terms of control technology and can be retrieved on the basis of the transfer conditions.

The second inventive concept provides that the need to degas the liquid to be transferred, for example along a predetermined permissible calibration error limit, is ascertained upstream of the degassing arrangement continuously by means of a gas bubble detection device. Whenever there is no need or no need for degasification of the liquid to be transferred, the liquid to be transferred can be divided and branched into at least two fluid streams before reaching the degassing arrangement. The at least one partial stream of the liquid to be transferred, which is not supplied to the degassing arrangement, is then guided past the degassing arrangement and combined downstream of the degassing arrangement with the partial stream emerging from the degassing unit and the liquid combined to form a total stream is fed to the flowmeter.

This is not an indispensable procedure, because there may be a transfer situation in which the degassing arrangement, due to its inherent maximum transfer performance, provides the required transfer performance alone. In all other cases can be used at the same time and in parallel the transfer performance of the past the degassing fluid flow with continuous use of the transfer performance of the degassing, which can easily be designed multiple times greater than the transfer capacity of the degassing.

In this case, the guided in the bypass to the degassing fluid flow can be distributed over more than one fluid flow, these fluid flows may be equal or different sizes, are performed in parallel, generated from a common branch point as a source or each fluid flow is assigned its own branch point and the Merging with the emerging from the degassing fluid flow at the / the junction / n mutatis mutandis in the reverse manner.

The advantages of such a procedure are obvious. They are, in addition to the aspect, to be able to generate the highest possible transfer performance over the entire period of the transfer, in particular to see that the transfer of the liquid in the measuring line must be interrupted at any time, as always and continuously over the entire period of transfer at least the transfer capacity of the degassing arrangement is available.

Compared to the known method in which the liquid present in the measuring line is discontinuously fed to the degassing, d. H. in which the liquid in the degassing into and out after the degassing on the same way, shorten in the inventive process, in which there is no fluidic reversal of the liquid in the degassing, but rather a continuous, continuous passing, the switching and tax times significantly. Shorter transfer times, especially at the beginning and at the end of the transfer, but also in the occurrence of fault conditions, when the degassing of the degassing is fully required, lead to a shortening of the duration of the entire transfer and thus to an overall increase in transfer performance over known methods.

According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the need not to degas the liquid to be transferred and thus not to treat in the degassing, then seen if no gas bubbles are present or detectable in the liquid or if liquid with a gas content below of a predetermined value or equal to the previously determined value (in short: gas content is equal to or less than the value previously determined).

In both cases, it is further proposed that the information obtained, namely in the first case, the presence or absence of gas bubbles (qualitative detection) in the liquid to be transferred and in the second case the determined, ie, as a rule, the measured gas fraction (quantitative Detection) in the liquid to be transferred, in each case for controlling the division and branching of this liquid.

An advantageous embodiment of the method further provides that the upstream and downstream of the distribution and branching of the liquid to be transferred, the quality and / or quantitatively detected in this entrained gas bubbles. For this purpose, gas bubble sensors new embossing, which are also referred to as bubble sensors, are used, which are with a transmitter in a position either to report only the presence of gas bubbles qualitatively or to quantitatively determine or measure existing in a current fluid flow gas content , The message or measurement signals are expediently also available as control signals.

Advanced sensors of newer characterization not only provide a measure in the form of an amount, but can also simultaneously make statements about the gas bubble distribution in a considered flow cross-section - a circumstance in the context of a often associated with the transfer of liquid representative sampling of the liquid to be transferred can be used advantageously. For this purpose, a proposal in the context of the inventive method provides that in the measuring line upstream of the division and branching of the liquid to be transferred, the proportion of entrained in this gas bubbles on the one hand by amount and on the other by distribution over the considered flow cross-section is determined and this Information to obtain a representative sample from the transferred liquid amount are used.

An advantageous embodiment of the method provides that the degassing arrangement provides a throughput that always exploits their maximum possible under the respective transfer conditions. This variant of the method thus does not differ from the usual, known generic method.

In the case of the division and branching of the liquid to be transferred according to the invention, another advantageous embodiment of the method provides that the degassing arrangement provides a throughput which is always below its maximum possible throughput under the respective transfer conditions. As a result, under these transfer conditions, which in itself make the utilization of the degassing superfluous because no gas fractions are to be separated, the possibility created by the liquid to be transferred to the greatest extent and thereby with the flow technically largest possible, but technologically acceptable transfer performance on the degassing bypass and thus to maximize the overall transfer performance. The shutdown of the fluid flow through the degassing always takes place so far that the operational readiness of the degassing and their necessary to accommodate the full transfer and degassing power dynamics is not lost.

The method according to the invention can be used both in the context of a so-called vacuum system and a so-called pump system. The vacuum system is characterized essentially by the fact that the degassing has a non-liquid-filled head space, which promotes the discharged from the degassing via a first conveyor liquid with a negative pressure with respect to their origin in the degassing, and that in the case of the division to be transferred liquid, the first conveyor promotes the entire to be transferred and behind the degassing assembly merged liquid to its destination. In the process, the fluid flow entering and exiting the degassing system is controlled via the negative pressure in the headspace. This negative pressure is generated in a conventional manner, as provided, by evacuating or gassing or venting the headspace.

The pump system is characterized essentially by the fact that the degassing has a non-liquid-filled head space, which challenges the degassing via a second conveyor liquid supplied with an overpressure relative to the destination for the liquid from the degassing, and that in the case of Splitting the liquid to be transferred, the second conveyor promotes the entire to be transferred and not yet divided before the degassing liquid to its destination. In the process, the fluid flow entering and exiting the degassing system is controlled via the overpressure in the headspace. This overpressure is generated in a manner known per se, as provided, by loading or degassing or loading or venting of the headspace.

The division and branching of the liquid to be transferred takes place, as one embodiment suggests, in a very simple manner in that the degassing arrangement in the region of the Open circuit bridging fluid connection is opened, and that the splitting and branching ends when the fluid connection is blocked.

With regard to the size ratio of the divided and branched fluid streams, a relevant embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that this ratio is generally determined by the pressure loss coefficients characterizing the respective fluid connection. If these pressure loss coefficients, as provided by the simplest solution, are fixed and thus unchangeable, then the ratio of the fluid flows under the respective conditions of the currently realized transfer capacity is fixed and can not be changed from the outside.

If, as is also provided, at least one pressure loss coefficient varies within limits, then the ratio of the fluid flows under the respective conditions of the currently realized transfer capacity can be controlled externally and thus also changed from the outside. In conjunction with measured values for the gas fraction in the liquid to be transferred, obtained at the same time and upstream of the branching of the fluid flows, a flexible control of the fluid flows is possible, which finds and sets the optimum transfer capacity under the respective transfer conditions, which as a rule is the maximum possible transfer capacity.

The processes of the method according to the invention can be controlled even more optimally if further information characterizing the instantaneous transfer conditions is available. Thus, it is proposed that a pressure is measured in the measuring line, and that the conveying device arranged in the measuring line is controlled as a function of the measured pressure. A further improvement of the control occurs when another proposal is followed, which provides that in the measuring line, a pressure and / or the flow rate of the liquid to be transferred and / or the speed of the arranged in the measuring line conveyor are measured, and the conveyor is controlled as a function of the map as a function of the measured pressure and / or the volumetric flow and / or the measured rotational speed.

In order to further optimize the control and in particular to avoid cavitation or to detect cavitation tendency at an early stage, a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that a gas portion of the liquid to be transferred in the measuring line is measured, and that the conveying device arranged in the measuring line Dependence of the measured gas content is controlled.

If the method, as further proposed, is configured in such a way that a gas portion of the liquid to be transferred in the measuring line is measured directly downstream of the flow measuring device, then, with regard to the results and feedback determined during the transfer of the liquid To return this metrologically obtained information to the area of the vorg. Control implement a control that allows a reliable and accurate quantification, for example, along a predetermined allowable calibration error limit. This exact quantity determination is given if, as is likewise provided, the measured gas fraction is used to correct measured values of the flowmeter.

The measurement accuracy is further improved according to a further proposal in that the temperature and / or the pressure and / or the velocity or the volume flow of the liquid to be transferred in the area of the flow measuring device is / is determined and the results are used in calculating the transferred liquid amount become.

While the vorg. Measures to improve the measurement accuracy with the actual state of the gas bubbles, as it adjusts from the present transfer conditions, compensates and tolerates this, changed another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention the volumetric expression of the gas bubbles. As is known, the commonly used flow measuring devices detect and measure the volume of the bubbles or of the gas fraction and treat the gaseous phase as the pure liquid phase, whereby the measurement errors in question in the determination of the amount of liquid to be transferred, which avoid or at least to minimize, surrender. The relevant embodiment provides that a flow cross-section arranged downstream of the flow measuring device in the measuring line is steplessly reduced continuously or in discrete steps or within discrete steps. As a result of this reduction, in the area of the flow measuring device, in conjunction with an adapted or adjusting delivery rate of the delivery device, the pressure level of the transferred and volume detected liquid, in which there may be residual gas fractions, raised, whereby the compressible gas components undergo a corresponding reduction in volume.

The desired high dynamics of the method according to the invention requires a rapid division and branching of the fluid streams and an equally rapid abolition of this measure. Thus, the degassing during rapid blocking the fluid flow past her, and in particular when the degassing is designed minimized, the inlet side is not flooded, wherein the above-described control function of the degassing lost, another embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that upstream of the degassing, in particular upstream of the division and branching of the liquid to be transferred, arranged flow cross-section is infinitely reduced or infinitely reduced in discrete stages or within discrete stages.

The device according to the invention is preferably designed for carrying out the method according to the invention, whereby the advantages explained with regard to the method can be achieved. According to the invention, the features illustrated in connection with the method can also be applied to the device. Likewise, the features presented in connection with the device may find application in the method.

A generic device which has a degassing arrangement for degassing the liquid flowing in the measuring line upstream of the flow measuring device is characterized in particular by the fact that the measuring line branches upstream of the degassing arrangement into an inlet line to the degassing arrangement and at least one bypass line. The at least one bypass line is guided past the degassing arrangement and merged with a discharge line emerging from the degassing arrangement. The at least one bypass line and the drain line form downstream of their junction a portion of the measuring line in which the flow-measuring device is arranged. In another section of the measuring line, upstream of the branch point of feed line and the at least one bypass line, a gas bubble detecting means is arranged, and in the bypass line, downstream of the branching point and upstream of the junction point, a shut-off valve is provided in each case.

When it is piping and control technology and with regard to the achievable transfer performance advantage, several parallel bypass lines are provided. Their passage cross-section can each be the same or different and be stepped in size. Their branching can be generated from a single branching point or from a number of mutually separate branching points. Their union takes place analogously in the reverse manner.

The inventively provided gas bubble detection device is formed in its simplest embodiment as a qualitatively operating gas bubble message device that generates a control signal. As a result, it is merely determined whether there are gas components or gas bubbles or not. In another performance-improved embodiment, it is designed as a quantitatively operating first gas-portion measuring device which generates a measurement and / or control signal. As a result, control and regulation methods are to be designed optimally and the determination of the quantity of transferred liquid is very reliable and very accurate, for example along a predetermined, permissible calibration error limit.

It is advantageous because it does not permanently flow through, measuring errors favoring dead spaces are avoided if, according to a preferred embodiment of the proposed device, the first shut-off valve in the immediate vicinity of the branch point and the second shut-off valve are arranged in close proximity to the junction.

The proposed device according to the invention is realized in its above and below described embodiments in the context of a so-called. Vacuum system characterized in that the supply line in a headspace of the degassing on and the drain line from a floor area the same, that in the measuring line downstream of the junction a first conveyor is arranged, and that the head space is associated with a first pressure control means by means of which in the headspace a negative pressure relative to the origin of the liquid to be transferred can be generated and this negative pressure, the liquid in the Entgasungsanordnung in promotes.

The proposed device according to the invention is realized in its above and below described embodiments as part of a so-called. Pump system in that the feed line in a headspace of the degassing and the drain line from a bottom area of the same opens, that in the measuring line upstream of the branch point a second Conveyor is arranged, and that the head space is associated with a second pressure control means, by means of which in the head space, an overpressure relative to the destination of the liquid to be transferred can be generated and this over pressure challenges the liquid from the degassing.

The reliability of the device according to the invention in the context of the pump system, and in particular the reliability of the gas bubble detection, are improved by the fact that the gas bubble detecting device is arranged downstream of the second conveyor. As a result, existing gas fractions or gas bubbles are homogenized, at least in terms of their size, and, with regard to their distribution in a considered flow cross-section, uniformly distributed.

If an optionally switchable, variable second throttle device is arranged in the measuring line, upstream of the branch point, a very rapid, dynamic interruption of the fluid flow in the bypass line can be realized without flooding the degassing device with the liquid to be transferred. This can be done in a very simple manner, for example by a throttle valve in the form of a disc valve with a perforated disc-shaped closing member as an orifice.

An optional and variable change of the ratio of the fluid streams generated at the branch point is very easy to realize according to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, that in the bypass line an optionally switchable, variable third throttle device, in particular a throttle valve with stepless or in discrete stages or within discrete stages steplessly variable flow cross-section, is arranged.

In order to increase the system pressure in the region of the flow-measuring device for reducing the volumes of not yet deposited gas components or gas bubbles is provided according to a development of the device according to the invention that arranged in the measuring line, downstream of the flow meter, a selectively switchable, variable first throttle device is. This throttle valve may, as provided, be one which has a single, infinitely variable or binary (on / off) or in discrete stages or within discrete stages steplessly variable flow cross-section.

In this respect, a particularly preferred development of the device according to the invention is that the throttle valve has at least two binary (open / close) switchable, parallel flow paths with fixed, differently sized, in size stepped flow cross sections. In the case of two binary switchable flow paths, there are already four switch positions and, in combination with flow cross sections stepped in size, there are three non-zero, different flow cross sections overall. In the case of three binary switchable flow paths, 7 different flow cross sections are already different from zero under the stated other conditions.

If, as is also proposed, a non-switchable flow path is provided parallel to the switchable flow paths, whose flow cross-section is smaller than the smallest switchable flow cross-section, then there are three binary switchable flow paths, which are stepped, for example in DN25, DN32 and DN50 , and the non-switchable flow path running in DN16, has eight switch positions with eight different total flow cross sections covering a cross-sectional area ranging from 100% for the largest cross section and up to 5.8% for the smallest cross section.

The bypass line is filled in an advantageous manner with gas-free liquid, so that a falsification of the measurement results of the flow-measuring device, in particular during commissioning of the bypass line, avoided and allows emptying of the bypass line in the course of quantity delimitation to the end of the transfer is, if, as provided by a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, from the measuring line, downstream of the respective conveyor, in particular from the discharge nozzle or from this subsequent line region, a filling line branches off, in the bypass line, upstream of the second shut-off valve , opens.

A preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that a control device is provided which is set up for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more detailed illustration results from the following description and the accompanying figures of the drawing and from the claims. While the invention is implemented in various procedural and device embodiments, in the drawing, a so-called. Vacuum system and a so-called. Pump system are each shown in a preferred embodiment of the proposed device and described below for structure and function under the condition that these embodiments each represent only an example of the invention, but not the invention is limited to these specifically illustrated examples. Show it

1 in a highly schematic representation of the essential elements of an apparatus according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention, wherein the presentation is limited to those elements which find equal use in a vacuum system or in a pump system;

2 in a likewise highly schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention in the context of a vacuum system and

3 in a likewise highly schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention in the context of a pump system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Vacuum system and pump system (FIG. 1)

Identical and / or equivalent elements are indicated in the figures of the drawing with the same reference numerals. Those elements of the device according to the invention, which is a vacuum system I ( 2 ) and a pump system II ( 3 ) are equally marked in 1 , representative of both systems I . II represented. It includes 1 already all invention essential elements of the device according to the invention, wherein not all elements shown make up the invention.

A measuring line 1 ( 1 ), in the course of which the liquid to be transferred, especially milk, if necessary degassed and determined in terms of volume, has at its one end, based on the drawing position, the left side, an inlet opening E and at its other end, the right side, a drain opening A. on. To measure the through the measuring line 1 flowing liquid is a flow measuring device 4 provided, seen in the flow direction of the liquid, a degassing 2 for degassing the in the measuring line 1 flowing liquid is connected upstream.

This upstream of the flow measuring device 4 arranged degassing arrangement 2 consists in a conventional manner from a degassing 2a , who in addition to his function as a gas separator also perceives the function of a memory in the headspace 2 B a supply line 1.1 , preferably tangential, opens and out of the bottom area 2d a drain line 1.2 , preferably in turn tangentially and in the same direction to the supply line 1.1 or also centrally, opens. The level or the level in the degassing 2 located liquid is in a conventional manner via a level detection device 2c (For example, float assembly, dipstick, high-resolution transducer) detected and in conjunction with a first pressure control device 2.1 (for the vacuum system I ) or with a second pressure control device 2.2 (for the pump system II ) controlled. For further objective and functional details of suitable degassing arrangements 2 of the type in question, reference is made to the numerous pamphlets mentioned above.

The measuring line 1 branches upstream of the degassing 2 at a branching point 1.4 in the supply line 1.1 and at least one bypass line 1.3 , The at least one bypass line 1.3 is at the degassing arrangement 2 passed and with the emerging from the latter drain line 1.2 at a union office 1.5 merged. The at least one bypass line 1.3 and the drain line 1.2 form, seen in the flow direction, behind the junction point 1.5 and thus downstream of drainage 1.2 and bypass line 1.3 , a section of the measuring line 1 in which the flow meter 4 is arranged. In another section of the measuring line 1 , upstream of the branching point 1.4 the measuring line 1 , is a gas bubble detector 3 provided as gas bubble signaling device 3.1 (Qualitative detection of the gas components), which generates a control signal, and / or as a first gas fraction measuring device 3.2 (Quantitative detection of the gas components), which generates a measurement and / or control signal is formed.

The at least one bypass line 1.3 is downstream of the branching point 1.4 with a first shut-off valve 11 and upstream of the junction 1.5 with a second shut-off valve 12 each optionally lockable. Here are the first shut-off valve 11 in the immediate vicinity of the branching point 1.4 and the second shut-off valve 12 in the immediate vicinity of the association office 1.5 arranged. In the vacuum system I is in the measuring line 1 , downstream of the association office 1.5 , a first conveyor 8.1 arranged at the pump system II at this point is omitted and elsewhere in the measuring line 1 , upstream of the branching point 1.4 in the form of a second conveyor 8.2 is provided.

Essential to the invention for the device according to the invention, irrespective of whether it is used in a vacuum I or pump system II Application is the at least one bypass line 1.3 in itself, their connection to the measuring line 1 and their course in relation to the degassing arrangement 2 , as well as the gas bubble detecting device 3 in itself and their arrangement in the measuring line 1 and in relation to the branching point 1.4 ,

Vacuum system (FIG. 2) and pump system (FIG. 3)

The device according to the invention takes place in the context of a vacuum I or pump system II their preferred application in a so-called milk intake system (s. 2 and 3 ), which transfers the milk from a supply container B of a supplier (eg dairy farmer) into a collection tank T of a transport vehicle, for example a dairy, thereby initially volume, with the aim of a quantity determination (mass), recorded and usually simultaneously During the transfer of the milk a representative sample from the transferred milk wins. The term "milk" in the following stands for the term "liquid" used throughout and "air" as used throughout the term "gas" used above. Likewise, the terms "ventilate" and their modifications derived from "gasify and degasify".

The supply container B is either a larger container, for example in the form of a milk pan or a container, or it is a smaller container, such as a so-called. Milk jug. In the first case, the inlet opening E of the measuring line 1 via a hose S to the supply container B, which then acts as entry e into the milk collection system, coupled. In the second case, the milk can, which likewise forms the inlet e into the milk intake system, is emptied via a suction lance L, which is connected via a hose line S to the feed opening E. The measuring line 1 goes to the outlet opening A in a non-designated pipe, in which a check valve 16 is arranged, and this pipe ultimately empties via an outlet a in the collection tank T.

Vacuum system (Fig. 2)

The device according to the invention 1 becomes a preferred embodiment of the vacuum system I ( 2 ) when the headroom 2 B the degassing arrangement 2 connected first pressure control device 2.1 from a vacuum source 2e , a degassing valve 2f , with the latter with the headspace 2 B optionally connectable, and a gassing valve 2g , with which a fumigation or ventilation of the headspace 2 B is made from the environment in case of need exists. Furthermore, between the gas bubble detecting device 3 and the branching point 1.4 a second pressure measuring device 6.2 (second pressure p ₂ ) and an optional switchable, variable second throttle device 10 arranged, the latter may be formed, for example in the form of a disc valve with an at least simply perforated disc-shaped closing member as an orifice. With the measured second pressure p ₂ , the first conveyor 8.1 , preferably also dependent on the map, are controlled. The in the gas bubble detection device 3 Measured results can also be used to control the first conveyor 8.1 be used, with a related control of cavitation and / or cavitation tendency in the first conveyor 8.1 counteracted.

In the bypass line 1.3 is an optional switchable, variable third throttle device 13 , For example, a throttle valve with infinitely variable or in discrete stages or within discrete stages continuously variable flow cross-section arranged. With the throttle device 13 can be the pressure loss coefficient of the bypass line 1.3 change within limits and thus is the ratio of the over the degassing 2 guided fluid flow and passed past this fluid flow under the respective operating conditions variably controllable and adjustable.

The first conveyor 8.1 , which is preferably designed as a centrifugal pump is by a preferably hydraulically operating drive means 8a driven, the latter via a speed control device 8b has, depending on the speed n, for example, a map-dependent control of the first conveyor 8.1 can be made.

From the measuring line 1 branches, downstream of the first conveyor 8.1 , in particular of the discharge nozzle or of a pipe region adjoining this, a filling line 1.6 starting in the bypass line 1.3 , upstream of the second shut-off valve 12 , and preferably immediately before its point of entry through a third shut-off valve 14 optionally switchable.

In the measuring line 1 , downstream of the flowmeter 4 , is an optional switchable variable first throttle device 7 arranged. The latter has a single, infinitely variable or binary (on / off) or in discrete stages or within discrete stages steplessly variable flow cross-section. Preferably, in the throttle valve 7 at least two binary (open / close) switchable, parallel flow paths with fixed, different size, stepped in size flow cross sections formed. It is furthermore particularly advantageous if, in parallel to the switchable flow paths, a non-switchable flow path is provided whose flow cross-section is smaller than the smallest switchable flow cross-section.

A preferred embodiment of the throttle valve 7 envisages three binary switchable flow paths, for example DN25, DN32 and DN50 graded, and DN616 non-switchable flow path, so that eight switch positions with eight different sized total flow cross sections covering a cross sectional area are referred to as 100 % for the largest cross section and up to 5.8% for the smallest cross section. The following switching table shows the switching positions, whereby the value "0" stands for "flow path closed" and "1" for "flow path open": switch position DN16 DN25 DN32 DN50 Total cross section in% 1 1 0 0 0 5.8 2 1 1 0 0 20 3 1 0 1 0 29 4 1 1 1 0 43.2 5 1 0 0 1 62.6 6 1 1 0 1 76.8 7 1 0 1 1 85.8 8th 1 1 1 1 100 TOU

In structure and operation of the throttle device described above 7 , which allows a very fast switching of the individual flow paths, comparable throttle devices can be advantageous for the second and the third throttle device 10 respectively. 13 realize.

In the measuring line 1 is, preferably immediately downstream of the flow meter 4 , a second gas fraction measuring device 5 arranged, with which the non-deposited gas components are measured in the transferred liquid, wherein the measured gas fraction for correcting measured values of the flow measuring device 4 is used.

In addition to the flow measuring device 4 , the measurement information about the speed or the volume flow of the in the measuring line 1 provided transfer liquid are still between the flow meter 4 and the first throttle device 7 a temperature measuring device 15 for measuring a temperature and a first pressure-measuring device 6.1 arranged to measure a first pressure p _{1 of} the transferred and volume detected liquid. The respectively obtained information about the first pressure p ₁ can be used to control the first conveyor 8.1 be used and the respectively determined current information about speed, flow, first pressure p ₁ and Temperature when calculating the amount of liquid (mass) from that in the flowmeter 4 measured liquid volume used.

The device according to the invention has both the vacuum system 1 as well as the pump system II furthermore a control device 9 on, which is set up to carry out the method according to the invention.

Vacuum system (Fig. 2) - transfer process (acceptance process)

To explain the transfer process using the example of milk is on 2 Reference is made, it being assumed for simplicity that the vacuum system I in the degassing arrangement 2 up to a shutdown level (also referred to as calibration level) at which the quantity delimitation of the current and the subsequent supplier is made is filled with milk.

At the beginning of the transfer are the first shut-off valve 11 , the second shut-off valve 12 and the third shut-off valve 14 closed and the vacuum source 2e is via the degassing valve 2f with the headspace 2 B the degassing arrangement 2 As a result of the generated negative pressure, a milk / air mixture is first sucked through the inlet e, which is the measuring line 1 fills and over the supply line 1.1 in the degassing tank 2 flows. The latter begins to fill above the shutdown level, while at the same time the entrained and separated from the milk air via the first pressure control device 2.1 under the action of the vacuum source 2e from the headspace 2 B is dissipated.

At a certain operating level above the shutdown level becomes the first conveyor 8.1 switched on, causing deaerated milk through the drain line 1.2 from the ground area 2d into the measuring line 1 dissipated and there in their further course, overcoming one through the first throttle device 7 generated flow resistance and thus on a variably controllable, adjustable pressure level at which the possibly not separated gas bubbles are compressed and thus reduced in volume, in the flow measuring device 4 is recorded in terms of volume. The possibly remaining in the discharged milk gas content is in the second gas fraction measuring device 5 recorded and subsequently the temperature 4 the milk over the temperature measuring device 15 and the first pressure p _{1 of} the milk via the first pressure-measuring device 6.1 measured. The measured values are used in calculating the milk quantity.

The non-milk filled, under negative pressure headspace 2 B the degassing arrangement 2 takes over the coupling of the in the degassing 2 entering and exiting fluid flow, which sets under the respective operating conditions, a variable operating level above the shutdown level. For details about the operation of the degassing 2 in the context of a vacuum system I is on the publication DE 34 40 092 A1 directed.

In particular, in the case of larger amounts of milk to be transferred, a transfer state will occur in which milk without appreciable or detectable air fractions in the measuring line 1 entry. In this case, the degassing itself loses its degassing function; it has only memory function and the headspace remains the vorg. Coupling function, without which a vacuum system I is not functional.

Here is where the present invention by the degassing 2 over the entire period of the transfer continues to be consistently applied to at least a portion of the milk to be transferred. At the same time, however, the need to degas the milk to be transferred, upstream of the degassing 2 via the gas bubble detection device 3 continuously detected in the manner already described above. If there is no need for degassing the milk, first the bypass line 1.3 over the filling line 1.6 filled air-free by the first shut-off valve 11 and then the third shut-off valve 14 be opened. After a sufficient delay time, the third shut-off valve 14 closed and the second shut-off valve 12 opened, provided no air in the gas bubble detection device 3 is detected.

Now the milk to be transferred is at the branching point 1.4 split and into the supply line 1.1 and the bypass line 1.3 branched. By a suitable control, which has already been described above, the ratio of the via the degassing 2 guided fluid flow and at this via the bypass line 1.3 Adjusted fluid flow set. The fluid flow through the bypass line 1.3 can be many times greater than the fluid flow through the degassing 2 be started up. The latter provides either a throughput that always uses its maximum possible under the respective transfer conditions or the far. below their maximum possible throughput. In the last case, the degassing remains 2 still ready for use and, if necessary, can quickly resume its degassing function with the highest possible transfer efficiency. The greatest possible transfer of the transfer capacity to the bypass line 1.3 At the same time, it also means maximizing the maximum transfer performance of the entire vacuum system I ,

Vacuum system (Fig. 2) - Transfer with air detection

When malfunction occurs, with an air leak in the measuring line 1 in the area of the inlet opening E, it must be ensured immediately that no air bypass the bypass line 1.3 reached. Once the gas bubble detector 3 Gas bubbles detected, becomes the first shut-off valve 11 closed and the transfer performance is achieved by activation of the second throttle device 10 so far throttled that no flooding of the degassing arrangement 2 entry. After a certain adjustment time, the vacuum system is located I in an operating condition in which only the degassing 2 is acted upon with a milk / air mixture and this perceives their separation function for air in a conventional manner and with their maximum possible transfer performance, the additional throttle function of the second throttle device 10 is now canceled again.

Vacuum system (Fig. 2) - end of a transfer process

The regular end of a transfer operation occurs when the supply container B is empty and air with the sucked milk enters the inlet e. In this case, the procedure is initially as described above under "transfer with air detection".

In contrast, then, since finally no more milk is promoted, a start-up of the shutdown level or the calibration level in the degassing 2 in order to allow a precise quantity differentiation to the milk delivery of the current and subsequent suppliers. In the course of this quantity delimitation is also the bypass line 1.3 to be included in the consideration.

Quantity delimitation taking into account the bypass line

• 1. Was the bypass line 1.3 not in operation in the course of the transfer, then their filling state in the context of the quantity delineation is irrelevant if the filling state at the end of the transfer corresponds to that at the beginning.
• 2. Was the bypass line 1.3 in the course of the transfer in operation, then at the end of the transfer either the state that existed at the beginning of the transfer, or it must be at a reversal of conditions (bypass line before empty, afterwards full, before full and afterwards empty) An arithmetical consideration of the question in question filling amount to be made.

More options:

• • Bypass line 1.3 was completely emptied at the beginning: From a temporal point of view, the bypass line is before the known approach of the calibration level 1.3 on the way over the supply line 1.1 in the degassing arrangement 2 to be completely emptied by the negative pressure prevailing there. For this purpose, the first shut-off valve 11 opened and there is a short-term ventilation of the bypass line 1.3 in the area of the second shut-off valve 12 held by means not shown.
• • Bypass line 1.3 was completely emptied at the beginning: the level in the bypass line 1.3 turns on the principle of communicating tubes in the course of the creeping start to the shutdown or calibration levels in the degassing 2 with open shut-off valves 11 and 12 also to this shutdown level and the under these conditions in the bypass line 1.3 Ultimately available filling quantity is taken into account mathematically in the quantity delimitation.
• • Bypass line 1.3 was completely filled at the beginning: The computational consideration of the filling level present at the shutdown level described above can be analogously also in the case of a bypass line which is completely filled at the beginning of the transfer 1.3 apply.

Pump system (Fig. 3)

A preferred embodiment of a pump system II ( 3 ) differs from the preferred embodiment of the vacuum system 1 ( 2 ) by the already described above arrangement of the second conveyor 8.2 , The second pressure measuring device 6.2 , with which preferably cavitation and / or cavitation tendency is detected, is eliminated, since the second conveyor 8.2 , which is preferably designed as a rotary positive displacement pump, under the prevailing operating conditions of a pump system II less susceptible to cavitation.

To the headspace 2 B the degassing arrangement 2 is a second pressure control device 2.2 connected, consisting of a single or multi-stage degassing and aeration valve 2h exists with which the headspace 2 B , preferably controlled by the level detection device 2c , can be fumigated in the environment or out of the environment. The milk transfer is a venting or venting.

From the measuring line 1 branches, downstream of the second conveyor 8.2 , in particular of the discharge nozzle or of a subsequent line region, a filling line 1.6 starting in the bypass line 1.3 , upstream of the second shut-off valve 12 , and preferably immediately before its point of entry through a third shut-off valve 14 optionally switchable.

Pump system (Fig. 3) - transfer process (acceptance process)

The pump system 11 ( 3 ) differs from the vacuum system described above in terms of the transfer operation 1 ( 2 ) only by the function of the headspace 2 B the degassing arrangement 2 in conjunction with the upstream of the latter arranged second conveyor 8.2 , In the headspace 2 B becomes an overpressure against the destination for the milk, namely the check valve 16 in the region of the outlet opening A, produced.

This overpressure is caused by the second conveyor 8.2 generated and by the second pressure control device 2.2 controlled.

The non-milk filled, over-pressurized headspace 2 B the degassing arrangement 2 also takes over the pump system II the coupling of the in the degassing 2 entering and exiting fluid flow, which sets under the respective operating conditions, a variable operating level above the shutdown level. For details about the operation of the degassing 2 in the context of a pump system 11 will turn to the pamphlet DE 34 40 092 A1 directed.

To explain the transfer process in the pump system 11 , and here again with the example of milk, will be referred to the relevant comments on the vacuum system 1 refer, which are to be transferred analogously, since both systems, except for the above-mentioned slight differences, representational and, with respect to these representational elements, are also functionally identical.

Pump system (Fig. 3) - Transfer with air detection

Also the above comments on the vacuum system 1 are with regard to a "transfer with air detection" mutatis mutandis to the pump system 11 transferred to.

Pump system (Fig. 3) - End of a transfer process

The above comments on the vacuum system 1 are with regard to the "end of a transfer process" also analogous to the pump system 11 transferred to. Regarding the emptying of the bypass line 1.3 In the course of the quantity differentiation, however, there is a difference to the vacuum system I , Because the bypass line 1.3 because of the headroom 2 B Pending overpressure not by opening the first shut-off valve 11 can be sucked, is provided here, the milk from the bypass line 1.3 by a gaseous pressure medium, preferably air, by means not shown in the region of the second shut-off valve 12 is fed into the supply line 1.1 and from there into the degassing arrangement 2 completely displace. In addition, all other, in connection with the vacuum system briefly explained ways of limiting quantity with regard to the filling state of the bypass line 1.3 mutatis mutandis application.

From the above, it will be understood that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and the novel concept of the present invention. It should be understood that it is not intended to be limited to the embodiments described which have been shown and described or merely described. The disclosure is intended to cover all such modifications as are within the scope of the claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Measurement line

1.1

Inlet line (for degassing arrangement)

1.2

Drain line (from the degassing arrangement)

1.3

Bypass line

1.4

branching point

1.5

association office

1.6

filling line

2

degassing

2a

Degassing tank (storage tank)

2 B

headspace

2c

Level detecting means

2d

floor area

2.1

first pressure control device (vacuum system)

2e

Vacuum source

2f

degassing

2g

gasification valve

2.2

second pressure control device (pump system)

2h

Degassing and aeration valve

3

Gas bubble detection means

3.1

Gas bubble detector (qualitative detection)

3.2

first gas proportion measuring device (quantitative detection)

4

Flow measurement device

5

second gas proportion measuring device (quantitative detection)

6.1

first pressure measuring device

6.2

second pressure measuring device

7

first throttle device

8.1

first conveyor

8.2

second conveyor

8a

driving means

8b

Speed control device

9

control device

10

second throttle device

11

first shut-off valve

12

second shut-off valve

13

third throttle device

14

third shut-off valve

15

Temperature-measuring device

16

check valve

a

exit

e

entry

n

Speed of the conveyor

p ₁

first pressure in the measuring line 1 in the area of the flow measuring device 4

p ₂

second pressure in the measuring line 1 in the area of the gas bubble detection device 3

θ

Temperature of the liquid in the area of the flow measuring device 4

A

outlet opening

B

Deployment container

e

inlet opening

L

lance

S

hose

T

collection tank

I

vacuum system

II

pump system

Claims (38)

Method for determining the quantity during the transfer of a liquid, in particular of milk, in which • the liquid at an inlet opening (E) into a measuring line ( 1 ) is introduced and at an outlet opening (A) from the measuring line ( 1 ), and • one through the measuring line ( 1 ) flowing amount of liquid by means of one of the measuring line ( 1 ) associated flow measuring device ( 4 ) is determined, • wherein for degassing in the measuring line ( 1 ) flowing liquid before reaching the flow measuring device ( 4 ) a degassing arrangement ( 2 ), characterized in that • the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) is continuously applied over the entire duration of the transfer, • that the need to degas the liquid to be transferred, upstream of the degassing ( 2 ) continuously by means of a gas bubble detection device ( 3 ), that the liquid to be transferred before reaching the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) and optionally when there is no need for their degassing, is divided and branched, and that is not the degassing ( 2 ) supplied part of the liquid to be transferred to the degassing ( 2 ) and downstream of the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) merged with the liquid emerging from this and the merged liquid flow meter ( 4 ) is supplied. Method according to claim 1, characterized, that the liquid to be transferred is divided, if • there are no gas bubbles in the liquid or • Liquid with a gas content less than or equal to a predetermined value. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the presence or the absence of gas bubbles in the liquid to be transferred determined and this information is used to control the division of the liquid to be transferred. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gas fraction is determined in the liquid to be transferred and this information is used to control the division of the liquid to be transferred. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) provides a throughput which always exploits its maximum possible under the respective transfer conditions. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) provides a throughput in the case of the division of the liquid to be transferred, which is always below the maximum possible throughput under the respective transfer conditions. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) a non-liquid filled headspace ( 2 B ), which from the degassing ( 2 ) via a first conveyor ( 8.1 ) discharged liquid with a negative pressure relative to their place of origin in the degassing arrangement ( 2 ), and that in the case of the division of the liquid to be transferred the first conveyor ( 8.1 ) the entire to be transferred and behind the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) promotes pooled liquid to its destination. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that for generating the required negative pressure in the headspace ( 2 B ) the latter is evacuated or fumigated (ventilated). Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) a non-liquid filled headspace ( 2 B ), which corresponds to the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) via a second conveyor ( 8.2 ) supplied with an overpressure relative to the destination for the liquid from the degassing ( 2 ), and that in the case of the division of the liquid to be transferred the second conveyor ( 8.2 ) the whole to be transferred and before the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) promotes undivided liquid to its destination. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that for generating the required overpressure in the headspace ( 2 B ) the latter degassed (vented) is. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the division and branching of the liquid to be transferred takes place in such a way that a degassing arrangement ( 2 ) in the area of the measuring line ( 1 ) and that the splitting and branching ends when the fluid connection is blocked. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratio of the via the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) guided fluid flow and the fluid flow past this, generated in each case from the liquid to be transferred, through which the respective fluid connection characteristic pressure loss coefficients is determined. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that the pressure loss coefficients are fixed and thus determines the ratio of the fluid flows under the respective transfer conditions. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that at least one pressure loss coefficient variable within limits and thus the ratio of the fluid flows under the respective operating conditions is variably controllable. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that upstream of the division and branching of the liquid to be transferred, the gas bubbles entrained therein are detected qualitatively and / or quantitatively. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an upstream of the degassing arrangement ( 2 ), in particular upstream of the division and branching of the liquid to be transferred, arranged flow cross-section to avoid flooding of the degassing ( 2 ) is infinitely reduced continuously or in discrete stages or within discrete stages by the fluid flow impinging on them. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the measuring line ( 1 ) a pressure (p ₁ , p ₂ , p ₁ ) is measured, and that in the measuring line ( 1 ) ( 8.1 ; 8.2 ) is controlled as a function of the measured pressure. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the measuring line ( 1 ) a pressure (p ₁ , p ₂ , p ₁ ) and / or the volume flow of the liquid to be transferred and / or the speed of the in the measuring line ( 1 ) arranged conveyor ( 8.1 ; 8.2 ) and that the conveyor ( 8.1 ; 8.2 ) is controlled as a function of the measured pressure and / or the volume flow and / or the measured rotational speed depending on the map. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a proportion of gas in the measuring line ( 1 ) is measured to liquid to be transferred, and that in the measuring line ( 1 ) ( 8.1 ; 8.2 ) is controlled as a function of the measured gas fraction. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a downstream of the flow measuring device ( 4 ) in the measuring line ( 1 ) arranged flow cross-section is infinitely reduced continuously or in discrete stages or within discrete stages. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a proportion of gas in the measuring line ( 1 ) liquid to be transferred immediately downstream of the flow measuring device ( 4 ) and that the measured gas fraction is used to correct measured values of the flow measuring device ( 4 ) is used. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature ( 8th ) and / or the pressure (p ₁ ) and / or the velocity or the volume flow of the liquid to be transferred in the area of the flow measuring device ( 4 ) and the results are used in calculating the transferred liquid amount. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the measuring line ( 1 ) upstream of the division and branching of the liquid to be transferred, the proportion of the entrained gas bubbles is determined on the one hand by amount and on the other by distribution over the considered flow cross-section and this information is used to obtain a representative sample from the transferred liquid amount. Device for determining the quantity during the transfer of a liquid, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, having a measuring line ( 1 ) having at its one end an inlet opening (E) and at its other end an outlet opening (A) for the liquid, • one of the measuring line ( 1 ) associated flow measuring device ( 4 ) for measuring a through the measuring line ( 1 ) flowing liquid quantity, • and an upstream of the flow measuring device ( 4 ) arranged degassing arrangement ( 2 ) for degassing the in the measuring line ( 1 ) flowing liquid, characterized; • that the measuring line ( 1 ) upstream of the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) in a supply line ( 1.1 ) for degassing arrangement ( 2 ) and at least one bypass line ( 1.3 ) branches, • that the at least one bypass line ( 1.3 ) at the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) and with one of the degassing ( 2 ) exiting drain line ( 1.2 ), that the at least one bypass line ( 1.3 ) and the drain line ( 1.2 ) downstream of its junction ( 1.5 ) a section of the measuring line ( 1 ), in which the flow measuring device ( 4 ), that in one section of the measuring line ( 1 ), upstream of the branching point ( 1.4 ) of supply line ( 1.1 ) and the at least one bypass line ( 1.3 ), a gas bubble detection device ( 3 ) and that in the bypass line ( 1.3 ), downstream of the branching point ( 1.4 ) and upstream of the Association ( 1.5 ), one shut-off valve each ( 11 . 12 ) is provided. Apparatus according to claim 24, characterized in that the gas bubble detection device ( 3 ) as a quality gas bubble detector ( 3.1 ) is formed, which generates a control signal. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas bubble detection device ( 3 ) as quantitatively operating first gas proportion measuring device ( 3.2 ) is formed, which generates a measurement and / or control signal. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first shut-off valve ( 11 ) in the immediate vicinity of the branching point ( 1.4 ) and the second shut-off valve ( 12 ) in the immediate vicinity of the Association Office ( 1.5 ) are arranged. Device according to one of claims 24 to 27, characterized in that the supply line ( 1.1 ) into a headspace ( 2 B ) the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) and drain line ( 1.2 ) from a ground area ( 2d ) of the same, that in the measuring line ( 1 ), downstream of the Association ( 1.5 ), a first conveyor ( 8.1 ) and that the headspace ( 2 B ) a first pressure control device ( 2.1 ; 2e . 2f . 2g ), by means of which in the headspace ( 2 B ) a negative pressure relative to the place of origin of the liquid to be transferred can be generated and this negative pressure the liquid in the degassing arrangement ( 2 ). Device according to one of claims 24 to 27, characterized in that the supply line ( 1.1 ) into a headspace ( 2 B ) the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) and drain line ( 1.2 ) from a ground area ( 2d ) of the same, that in the measuring line ( 1 ), upstream of the branching point ( 1.4 ), a second conveyor ( 8.2 ) and that the headspace ( 2 B ) a second pressure control device ( 2.2 ; 2h ), by means of which in the headspace ( 2 B ) an overpressure relative to the destination of the liquid to be transferred can be generated and this overpressure the liquid from the degassing arrangement ( 2 ) challenges. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that the gas bubble detection device ( 3 ; 3.1 ; 3.2 ) downstream of the second conveyor ( 8.2 ) is arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the measuring line ( 1 ), upstream of the branching point ( 1.4 ), an optionally switchable, changeable second throttle device ( 10 ), in particular in the form of a disk valve with an at least simply perforated disc-shaped closing member as orifice plate, is arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the bypass line ( 1.3 ) an optionally switchable, variable third throttle device ( 13 ), in particular a throttle valve with infinitely variable or in discrete stages or within discrete stages continuously variable flow cross-section, is arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the measuring line ( 1 ), downstream of the flowmeter ( 4 ), an optionally switchable, variable first throttle valve ( 7 ) is arranged. Apparatus according to claim 33, characterized in that the throttle valve ( 7 ) has a single, infinitely variable or binary (on / off) or in discrete stages or within discrete stages continuously variable flow cross-section. Apparatus according to claim 33, characterized in that the throttle valve ( 7 ) has at least two binary (open / close) switchable, parallel flow paths with fixed, differently sized, in size stepped flow cross sections. Apparatus according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that parallel to the switchable flow paths, a non-switchable flow path is provided whose flow cross section is smaller than the smallest switchable flow cross-section. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that of the measuring line ( 1 ), downstream of the conveyor ( 8.1 . 8.2 ), in particular of the discharge nozzle or of a line region adjoining this, a filling line ( 1.6 ) which branches into the bypass line ( 1.3 ), upstream of the second shut-off valve ( 12 ), opens. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control device ( 9 ) is provided, which is adapted to carry out the method according to one of the preceding claims.

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