DE102008044803B4 - A flooring system - Google Patents

Abstract

A floor system comprising a plurality of flat, multilayer floor elements (1), each of which is formed from at least one thin pressure-resistant and abrasion-resistant cover plate (3) and a pressure-resistant carrier element (2), with floor elements (1) arranged directly adjacent in a corner area and / or are connected in an outer edge area by means of a flat connecting element (4) arranged below this, the flat connecting element (4) having vertically arranged outer webs (4.1) which are introduced into an underside of the carrier elements (2) to the outer Bars (4.1) engage with corresponding material recesses (2.2) and material depressions (2.3) are made in the underside of the carrier elements (2), a material surface (2.4) enclosed by them with recesses (4.2) made in a base surface of the connecting element (4) ) corresponds.

Description

The invention relates to a floor system with a plurality of flat multilayer floor elements, which are each formed from at least one thin pressure and abrasion resistant cover plate and a pressure-resistant support member.

The invention is particularly intended for removable and thus reusable floors. For removable and reusable floors, which are needed for example for exhibitions, it has not been possible to make flat and high-quality floor surfaces with high load capacity, especially using thin and thus lightweight natural stone slabs. Of course, a permanent installation is possible. The floor element is also suitable for laying on underfloor heating systems.

In the prior art removable flooring for textile coverings are known. The covering should be removable from the floor completely and without damaging the covering.

The WO 2004/018798 A2 describes a floor of individual, sheet-like elements, which consist of multilayer plates, wherein at the top of the multi-layer plates in each case a thin, pressure and abrasion resistant plate is arranged and under the thin plate is secured by an adhesive bond, pressure-resistant lightweight material layer whose Rims run parallel to the edges of the plate, wherein at some edges of the plate protrudes from the light-weight layer and at other edges the light-weight layer protrudes from the plate.

In DE 197 38 477 A1 a laying unit is described from a plurality of concrete slabs with pedestal bearings. For certain applications concrete slabs are laid as laying units together with pedestal bearings. A pedestal accommodates the corner areas of four adjoining concrete slabs. According to the invention it is provided that the pedestal bearings have projections which positively enter into corresponding openings in the concrete slabs and thus fix the concrete slabs in a certain position to each other.

With DE 36 19 287 A1 a holding element for wall and floor panels is known in which to secure the position of individual laid to a plate assembly on a support surface plates holding elements are provided, which are arranged in the region of abutting edges or corners of several plates between the support surface and the plates. The holding elements consist of very thin, flat basic bodies, which are provided on one side or on both sides with holding means in the form of thorns, needles, tips, serrations or the like. The holding means penetrate into the plates and possibly into the support surface.

• – in den Auflagemodulen Aufnahmevertiefungen vorgesehen sind, die sich von der Moduloberseite zur Modulunterseite verengen für in Negativausführung spiegelbildlich dazu passende, von oben einsetzbare Plattenzapfen, und/oder
• – auf den Auflagemodulen Plattenzapfen vorgesehen sind, die sich von der Moduloberseite zur Modulunterseite verbreitern für in Negativausführung spiegelbildlich dazu passende von oben einsetzbare Aufnahmevertiefungen,

wobei die Plattenzapfen in die Aufnahmevertiefungen so einsetzbar sind, dass die Plattenzapfen an ihren Enden im eingesetzten Zustand nicht aufliegen, und wobei die Aufnahmevertiefungen mit den Plattenzapfen die Spalten zwischen den Formplatten bestimmen.The EP 1 143 083 A1 describes a mold plate assembly of mold plates and support modules and working method for producing such. The invention relates to a mold plate composite for application to a surface, with support modules for mold plates, which underlay the mold plates so that below the mold plates surface cavities remain, that form gaps between the mold plates, and that the support modules cause direction for plate alignment,

• - In the support modules receiving recesses are provided which narrow from the top of the module to the module bottom for mirror-image in a negative design matching, insertable from above plate pin, and / or
• - On the support modules plate pins are provided, which widen from the module top to the module base for mirror-image in a negative fit matching from above usable receiving recesses,

wherein the plate pins are insertable into the receiving recesses such that the plate pins do not rest at their ends when inserted, and wherein the receiving recesses with the plate pins define the gaps between the mold plates.

To DE 36 00 807 C2 For this purpose, a method is provided in which a plastic layer is arranged on both sides of a carrier material, of which at least one is adhesive-friendly, adhesive-impermeable and waterproof.

For use in high loads and outdoors, it is known to lay stone, concrete or ceramic elements in mortar or on pedestal bearings. To DE 197 37 097 C2 a laying system is known in which laying plates are used, which are laid individually next to each other or by means of connecting body bodies and on which the lining is firmly attached. To connect the laying plates with each other, bolt-like connecting bodies are arranged on the connecting-body bodies, which engage in cylindrical bodies fastened to these in relation to these. A disadvantage of this construction, however, is that no sufficient fixation, in particular anti-rotation, is ensured between the individual installation plates.

Natural stone slabs are in the usual way to achieve the required strength thick and heavy and thus cumbersome to transport and therefore not suitable for multiple use. Natural stone slabs in thin and thus easily transportable versions must be glued on the basis of their risk of breakage on a flat bottom layer or laid in a mortar bed and are therefore also not suitable for multiple use.

In US 4,855,177 A as in DE 38 01 603 A1 and in WO 00 67 999 A1 Composite bodies are described in which a plate made of natural stone is provided with a reinforcing layer. However, these arrangements are not suitable to allow a safe and accurate arrangement of the individual elements to a floor surface.

The WO 02/077389 A1 describes a floor of individual, planar elements in the form of multi-layer plates, at the top of each a thin pressure- and abrasion-resistant plate is arranged and in which a fixed by an adhesive bond, pressure-resistant lightweight material layer is located under the plate. On vertical edge surfaces of the lightweight material layer grooves may be arranged, can be mounted in the connecting strips between a plurality of plates. On this floor is disadvantageous that due to the connection of the plates by means of the connecting strips, which are arranged in the grooves, a disassembly of a single plate is very expensive, since first at least one adjacent plate must be dismantled. Furthermore, a permanently constant distance between the individual plates is not ensured because they can move apart in the horizontal direction.

From the EP 1 741 852 A2 a method for laying floors is known. In this case, a ring is used with one or more projections. The floorboards of any material have one or more grooves at their corners or edges. The ring is placed on the floor and the floorboards are placed on top so that they are connected by the rings.

The invention has for its object to provide a floor system with high strength with individual floor elements, which is both easy and easy to transport and in a simple manner assembled and disassembled, with the necessary components are easily removable and reusable. Furthermore, the floor system should be pleasant to walk on and allow a versatile use.

The object is achieved with a floor system having the features specified in claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The floor system according to the invention comprises a plurality of flat multilayer floor elements, which are each formed from at least one thin pressure and abrasion resistant cover plate and a pressure-resistant support member. According to the invention, directly adjacent arranged floor elements in a corner region and / or in an outer edge region are connected by means of a flat formed below this connecting element, wherein the flat formed connecting element vertically arranged outer webs, which introduced in a bottom of the support elements, corresponding to the outer webs Intervene material recesses. In addition, in each case material depressions are introduced into the underside of the carrier elements, wherein a respective material surface enclosed by them corresponds to recesses which are introduced into a base surface of the connecting element.

In addition to a further increase in a security against rotation of the connecting elements to the support elements and the stability of the connection, a flush arrangement of the connecting elements on the underside of the floor panels or the support elements is achieved, which on the one hand avoids an additional increase of the floor system and on the other hand, a maximum contact surface and thus a increased stability of the entire floor system allows.

By connecting the individual floor elements by means of the connecting elements and arranged on these outer webs, which are preferably arranged symmetrically to each other, succeeds in a simple manner a stable and slip-resistant arrangement of the floor elements with a constant distance from each other. Furthermore, such a connection, which is preferably non-positive and / or positive fit, allows easy installation and, above all, easy disassembly of the floor system, since the floor elements can be removed individually. This in turn results in the advantages that individual floor elements, for example due to damage or a desired design change are interchangeable.

Furthermore, lightweight floor elements with high quality surface and sufficient strength can be produced. This is achieved by the multilayer structure of the individual floor elements with at least one thin cover plate at the top and a pressure-resistant, preferably glued, underneath Carrier element which is formed in particular in the form of a lightweight material layer.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer webs are arranged radially, at right angles and / or parallel to one another, wherein a use of a plurality of mutually parallel webs causes a further increase in the stability of the connection with the carrier elements.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the outer webs can be pressed into the recesses of the connecting element in the material recesses of the support elements and / or the material surfaces of the support elements enclosed by the material recesses. The resulting interference fit allows a play-free arrangement and connection of the floor elements.

It is further provided that in a central region of the connecting element substantially vertical and mutually perpendicular joint webs are fixed, which allows a constant and predeterminable width of a joint between the individual floor elements.

In one embodiment of the invention, a height of the joint webs is less than or equal to a thickness of the floor elements, so that it does not protrude beyond the floor elements.

Alternatively, the height of the joint webs is less than or equal to a thickness of the carrier element, so the joint webs can be arranged in corresponding to these in vertical edge surfaces of the carrier elements recesses introduced.

As a result, a seamless laying of the floor elements is possible in an advantageous manner.

The seamless laying or arrangement of the floor elements is also achieved by the cover plate is wider and / or longer than the respective associated support member, wherein the cover plate is arranged protruding beyond the vertical edge surfaces of the support element, so that the joint webs covered by the cover plate are.

It is particularly advantageous that the underside of the support elements additionally has a nub-like arranged material elevations, which also expediently a support of the floor system on undefined, especially uneven surfaces allows, since the material surveys compensate for the bumps.

Furthermore, channel-like recesses are preferably introduced into the underside and / or an upper side of the carrier elements. These serve, on the one hand, to remove and carry out condensation moisture and / or moisture. Furthermore, in particular in the channel-like depressions introduced into the upper side of the carrier elements, lines of a floor heating system can be integrated or the channel-like depressions can be used as lines. Furthermore, in particular, the channel-like depressions introduced at the bottom are suitable for receiving power cables, so that they can be laid outside a viewing area and do not adversely affect an external appearance of the floor system.

In addition, according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, guide elements are arranged on the floor element and / or the connecting element, by means of which joint strips can be fastened between the floor elements. This represents a simple attachment of the joint strips, which is advantageously detachable again, so that the joint strips are easy to assemble, disassemble and interchangeable.

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

Show:

1 schematically a planar multilayer floor element,

2 schematically a connecting element in a plan view,

3 schematically the connecting element according to 2 in a perspective view,

4 schematically the floor element according to 1 with the fastener attached to this according to 2 .

5 schematically two floor elements, which are connected by means of a square connecting element with three webs,

6 schematically a floor element and a square connecting element with five webs,

7 schematically a plan view of an underside of a floor element, which has knob-like arranged material elevations, and

8th schematically a perspective view of the bottom according to 7 ,

Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.

This in 1 shown from a bottom flat multilayer floor element 1 is from a carrier element 2 and a cover plate 3 educated. The support member is preferably made of a pressure-resistant and at the same time lightweight material, which is in particular a foam such as expanded polypropylene, polystyrene or other suitable lightweight materials with high strength, such as. As wood-polypropylene or glass fiber reinforced plastic, is.

The cover plate 3 is made of natural stone, but can also be made of glass, wood, metal, plastic or other stable material. Thus, a combination of different materials is possible. The cover plate 3 and the carrier element 2 are adhesively bonded to each other, wherein as an adhesive preferably an epoxy resin but also other adhesives are used.

Due to the multi-layered design of the floor element a joint gentle walking and thus a high level of comfort during the walk can be realized. In a non-illustrated embodiment of the invention is between the support element 2 and the cover plate 3 arranged an additional intermediate layer, which is formed for example of a carbon fiber reinforced plastic. This intermediate layer has a high modulus of elasticity with respect to the natural stone slab; the tensile and compressive strength of the intermediate layer is significantly greater than the compressive strength of natural stone. By such a multi-layered structure, a high bending tensile strength is achieved with low weight of the multilayer element.

The intermediate layer can also be formed from ceramic. The material ceramic has advantageously a very high strength, so that the floor element 1 even when using a very thin cover plate 3 has high strength and stability. Due to this very thin design of the cover plate 3 Especially when using natural stone as a material is a greatly reduced total weight of the floor element 1 achievable.

In the bottom of the support element 2 are channel-like and intersecting depressions 2.1 introduced, in which caused by the subsurface humidity or from the cover plate 3 penetrating water is led to the edge of the floor surface.

In a non-illustrated embodiment of the invention, the channel-like depressions 2.1 also in the top of the support element 2 introduced, in which advantageously one at the bottom of the cover plate 3 evaporating condensation moisture can evaporate and be transported away. Furthermore, the in the top of the support element are suitable 2 introduced depressions 2.1 for guiding a medium, for example, warm air, so that a floor heating is feasible. The channel-like depressions 2.1 can be in the top and bottom parallel and congruent superimposed or offset from one another.

To several of these floor elements 1 to connect with each other, according to the invention in the 2 and 3 closer illustrated flat connection element 4 provided, which is below the floor elements 1 , That is, between these and the ground are arranged and in the illustrated embodiment of the invention is designed round or circular. The connecting element 4 is made of plastic, for example.

Here are the fasteners 4 with the underside of the carrier element 2 non-positively and / or positively connected, wherein each connecting element 4 several, in the illustrated embodiment of the invention, in particular four, vertically arranged outer webs 4.1 has, which are arranged radially and symmetrically to each other. Each is an outer web 4.1 arranged in a district of the district.

Furthermore, in the bottom of the support elements 2 at the corners to the outer bars 4.1 of the connecting element 4 corresponding material recesses 2.2 introduced, in which the outer webs 4.1 intervention.

To further increase the stability of the connection between the carrier elements 2 and the connecting elements 4 are in the carrier elements 2 each material wells 2.3 introduced, wherein each enclosed by this material surface 2.4 with in a base of the connecting element 4 introduced recesses 4.2 corresponds. Here are the recesses 4.2 in the fasteners 4 each with an outer bridge 4.1 arranged in a district of the district. The material wells 2.3 and the corresponding recesses 4.2 lead advantageously further to the fact that the undersides of the support elements 4 and the connecting elements 4 form a plane so that the fasteners 4 not over underside of the support elements 4 protrude.

Thus, as in 4 shown schematically, four floor elements 1 by means of a connecting element 4 connectable, with each corner of the floor element 1 with a district of the connecting element 4 corresponds. The floor elements 1 are in such a way connected to each other that a total composite of the floor elements 1 characterized by consistently extending joints and / or abutting edges.

Due to the formation of the floor system from several of the floor elements 1 the entire floor system is designed frost-resistant, as below or between the floor elements 1 located and freezing water an extension of the floor elements 1 is possible.

To also an offset arrangement of the floor elements 1 and thus to achieve a non-continuous course of the joints and / or abutting edges are in an embodiment, not shown, of the invention also between the respective corners of a support element 2 the material recesses 2.2 and material wells 2.3 arranged, in each case two district district, ie a semicircle are formed.

In an advantageous development, the connecting elements 4 and the corresponding to these in the support elements 4 introduced material recesses 2.2 and material wells 2.3 formed such that the connecting elements 4 in the support elements 2 are pressable, so that a play-free and stable connection is formed.

In addition, the fasteners have 4 in a central area vertical and mutually perpendicular joint webs 4.3 based on which a joint width between the floor elements 1 can be specified. These joint webs 4.3 are preferably arranged and formed such that between these and the support elements 4 a press fit is created so that the joint webs 4.3 to further increase the stability of the connection of the floor elements 1 contribute.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention is a height of the joint webs 4.3 smaller than a thickness of the support members 2 , Thus, it is possible, even when using the joint webs 4.3 a seamless, ie a directly adjacent arrangement of the floor elements 1 without getting away. For this purpose, there is the possibility that, depending on the application in a manner not shown in vertical edge surfaces of the support elements 2 to the joint webs 4.3 corresponding recesses are introduced, so that the cover plates 3 the individual floor elements 1 can be arranged directly and without distance to each other.

Alternatively, it is also possible that the cover plates 3 depending on the application wider and / or longer than the respective associated support element 2 are formed, so that the cover plates 3 over the vertical edge surfaces of the support element 2 protruding can be arranged.

By introducing the joints to the joints 4.3 corresponding recesses in only two opposite vertical edge surfaces of the support elements or a merely longer or wider version of the cover plates 3 a variety of optical effects can be achieved. So it is z. B. possible that joints only in one spatial direction, for example, transverse, run, the floor elements 1 are arranged without joints in the longitudinal direction.

In a further embodiment of the invention, not shown, are on the floor elements 1 and / or on the connecting elements 4 Guiding arranged by means of which joint strip between the floor elements 1 are fastened. The guide elements are formed, for example, as U- or V-shaped profile, in which engage the groove strip corresponding to this profile or preferably engage. The joint strips are preferably made of plastic and can be produced in a variety of shades. Thus, in turn, different optical effects can be achieved in a simple manner. Also, the joint strips are easy to assemble and disassemble, so that they are easy and quick to replace.

The 5 shows two floor elements 1 , which by means of a connecting element 4 which are a square base and in each square quarter two parallel webs 4.1 having directly adjacent and perpendicular to each other extending webs 4.1 each form a continuous frame-like web. From the center of the connecting element 2 starting on which a cuboid web 4.4 is arranged, are four vertically arranged joint webs 4.3 designed so that a defined distance between the floor elements 1 is feasible.

The carrier elements 2 the floor elements 1 point to the jetties 4.1 and the cuboid bridge 4.4 corresponding, not shown material recesses, wherein the material recesses and the webs 4.1 . 4.2 are preferably formed such that the connecting elements 4 in the support elements 2 the floor elements 1 are pressable.

In 6 are a floor element 1 and a square connecting element 4 shown, this in contrast to the in 5 shown arrangement in each square quarter four mutually parallel webs 4.1 having.

In an execution of the floor elements 1 and the connecting elements 4 according to the 5 and 6 are the fasteners 4 preferably of the same material, ie for example of a foam, formed as the support elements 2 ,

The 7 and 8th show a particularly profitable development of the invention, in which the underside of the support element 2 nub-like arranged material surveys 2.5 having. These material surveys 2.5 are regularly arranged and designed as a circular cone. Alternatively, however, an irregular arrangement and other shapes, such as a pyramid, possible.

The material surveys 2.5 lead in a particularly advantageous manner that the floor elements 1 can also be laid on uneven surfaces or surfaces, as these compensate for the unevenness. For this purpose, the material surveys 2.5 not elastically formed so that they change their shape so irreversible in the arrangement on the uneven ground that the bumps are compensated. For this purpose, the use of the material polystyrene is particularly suitable. In addition, due to the material surveys 2.5 are a further improved ventilation of the floor elements 1 and ensures an improved removal of moisture.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

floor element

2

support element

2.1

deepening

2.2

material recess

2.3

material well

2.4

material surface

2.5

material elevation

3

cover plate

4

connecting element

4.1

Outer jetty

4.2

recess

4.3

joint spacer

4.4

web

Claims (11)

Floor system comprising a plurality of flat multilayer floor elements ( 1 ), each of at least one thin pressure and abrasion resistant cover plate ( 3 ) and a pressure-resistant carrier element ( 2 ) are formed, wherein each directly adjacent arranged floor elements ( 1 ) in a corner region and / or in an outer edge region on the basis of a planarly formed connecting element (see FIG. 4 ), wherein the surface-formed connecting element ( 4 ) vertically arranged outer webs ( 4.1 ), which in, in an underside of the carrier elements ( 2 ), to the outer webs ( 4.1 ) correspond material recesses ( 2.2 ) and in the underside of the support elements ( 2 ) each material wells ( 2.3 ) are introduced, wherein a respectively enclosed by this material surface ( 2.4 ) with in a base of the connecting element ( 4 ) recesses ( 4.2 ) corresponds. Floor system according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer webs ( 4.1 ) are arranged symmetrically to each other. Floor system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer webs ( 4.1 ) are arranged radially, at right angles and / or parallel to each other. Floor system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer webs ( 4.1 ) in the material recesses ( 2.2 ) of the carrier elements ( 2 ) and / or through the material wells ( 2.3 ) enclosed material surfaces ( 2.4 ) of the carrier elements ( 2 ) in the recesses ( 4.2 ) of the connecting element ( 4 ) are pressable. Floor system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in a central region of the connecting element ( 4 ) vertical and mutually perpendicular joint webs ( 4.3 ) are attached. Floor system according to claim 5, characterized in that a height of the joint webs ( 4.3 ) smaller or equal to a thickness of the support element ( 2 ). Floor system according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that in vertical edge surfaces of the support elements ( 2 ) to the joint webs ( 4.3 ) Corresponding recesses are introduced. Floor system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cover plate ( 3 ) wider and / or longer than the respectively associated carrier element ( 2 ), wherein the cover plate ( 3 ) over vertical edge surfaces of the carrier element ( 2 ) is arranged protruding. Floor system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the underside of the support elements ( 2 ) knob-like arranged material surveys ( 2.5 ) having. Floor system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in the bottom and / or an upper side of the support elements ( 2 ) channel-like depressions ( 2.1 ) are introduced. Floor system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that on the floor element ( 1 ) and / or the connecting element ( 4 ) Guide elements are arranged by means of which joint strip between the floor elements ( 1 ) are fastened.

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