DE102008021080A1 - lubricant composition - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a lubricant composition comprising a base oil wherein the ratio of isoparaffins to normal paraffins in the base oil ranges from about 30 to about 400.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE

Area of the revelation

The present disclosure relates to a lubricant composition, which includes a base oil, the ratio of isoparaffins to normal paraffins in the base oil from about 30 to about 400, and methods of using it.

Background of the Revelation

In In recent years, differences in composition have been between Lubricants are becoming an increasingly important topic as changing Motor and industrial applications for higher quality Ask for lubricants that provide improved functionality can. For example, the production of lubricants, which can increase the energy transfer, like by increasing the torque in a machine, increasingly on Gained importance. Further, modern engine oil specifications require Lubricant to fuel efficiency in standardized engine tests demonstrate.

Historical seen the reforming manufacturers improved to fulfillment the new performance requirements lubricant through the selection and the inclusion of more robust additive packages. It is, however known that some additives are very expensive. And the use additional amounts of an additive in a lubricant composition, to achieve various functions, such as reduced thin-film friction and prolonged service life of a lubricant can be quite expensive for the manufacturer.

A Main component of a lubricant composition may be the base oil which is relatively inexpensive. base oils are known and have already been divided into Groups I-V. The Base oils are based on their percentage content Saturated, their percentage sulfur content and classified by the viscosity index into a given group. For example, all base oils of group III have more than 90% saturated, less than 0.03% sulfur and a viscosity index of greater than or 120. However, the proportions of aromatics, Paraffins and naphthenes within a group of base oils vary significantly. It is now known that the differences in these proportions the properties of a lubricant composition, like increased torque, can influence.

requires becomes a lubricant composition that is cost effective is and at least one of increased torque, decreased high temperature high shear viscosity and increased Can provide fuel economy.

SUMMARY OF THE REVELATION

According to the Disclosure, a lubricant composition is provided, which includes a base oil, the ratio the isoparaffins to normal paraffins in the base oil from about 30 to about 400 is enough.

In One aspect is a method of improving torque provided in a machine that made the available a composition for the machine that includes a Base oil includes, the ratio of isoparaffins to normal paraffins in the base oil from about 30 to about 400 is enough.

In Another aspect is a method of improving torque provided in a machine that made the available a composition for the machine that includes a Base oil with reduced high temperature high shear viscosity compared to another base oil.

In In another aspect, a method for increasing the Fuel economy provided in a vehicle, the making available of a composition for includes the vehicle that includes base oil, wherein the ratio of isoparaffins to normal paraffins in the base oil from about 30 to about 400 is enough.

In yet another aspect, there is provided a method for reducing the thin film friction of a fluid between surfaces, which comprises providing a composition for the surface comprising a base oil, wherein the ratio of isoparaffins to normal paraffins in the base oil ranges from about 30 to about 400.

additional Articles and advantages of the disclosure become part in the description that follows, executed and can be learned through the practice of revelation. Things and advantages of the disclosure will be by means of the elements and combinations, specifically set forth in the appended claims are, realized and achieved.

It It goes without saying that both the aforementioned general Description as well as the following detailed description by way of example and only as an illustration and for the disclosure, as claimed, not limiting.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The present disclosure relates to lubricant compositions, which include a base oil, the ratio of isoparaffins to normal paraffins in the base oil from about 30 to about 400 is enough.

As used herein, the term "isoparaffins" refers to paraffins, comprising branched hydrocarbyl chains.

As As used herein, the term "normal paraffins" refers to Paraffins, which include straight hydrocarbyl chains.

As used here, the term "I / N ratio" refers on the ratio of isoparaffins to normal paraffins.

• (1) Kohlenwasserstoffsubstituenten, d. h. aliphatische (z. B. Alkyl oder Alkenyl), alicyclische (z. B. Cycloalkyl, Cycloalkenyl) Substituenten und aromatisch-, aliphatisch- und alicyclisch-substituierte aromatische Substituenten sowie cyclische Substituenten, wobei der Ring durch einen anderen Teil des Moleküls vervollständigt ist (z. B. bilden zwei Substituenten miteinander einen alicyclischen Rest);
• (2) substituierte Kohlenwasserstoffsubstituenten, d. h. Substituenten, die Nicht-Kohlenwasserstoffgruppen enthalten, die, im Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung, den überwiegend kohlenwasserstofflichen Substituenten (z. B. Halogen (insbesondere Chlor und Fluor), Hydroxy, Alkoxy, Mercapto, Alkylmercapto, Nitro, Nitroso und Sulfoxy) nicht ändern;
• (3) Heterosubstituenten, d. h. Substituenten, die obgleich sie einen überwiegenden Kohlenwasserstoffcharakter besitzen, im Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung, etwas anderes als Kohlenstoff in einem Ring oder einer Kette, die ansonsten aus Kohlenstoffatomen besteht, enthalten. Heteroatome umfassen Schwefel, Sauerstoff, Stickstoff und schließen Substituenten ein, wie Pyridyl, Furyl, Thienyl und Imidazolyl. Im Allgemeinen sind nicht mehr als zwei, beispielsweise nicht mehr als ein Nichtkohlenwasserstoffsubstituent auf jeweils zehn Kohlenstoffatome in der Hydrocarbylgruppe vorhanden; typischerweise sind keine Nichtkohlenwasserstoffsubstituenten in der Hydrocarbylgruppe vorhanden.

As used herein, the term "hydrocarbyl", "hydrocarbyl substituent" or "hydrocarbyl group" is used in its usual sense, which is well known to those skilled in the art. Specifically, it refers to a group having a carbon atom attached directly to the rest of the molecule and having predominantly hydrocarbon character. Examples of hydrocarbyl groups include:

• (1) Hydrocarbon substituents, that is, aliphatic (eg, alkyl or alkenyl), alicyclic (eg, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl) substituents, and aromatic, aliphatic, and alicyclic-substituted aromatic substituents, as well as cyclic substituents, wherein the ring is substituted by another Part of the molecule is completed (eg, two substituents together form an alicyclic moiety);
• (2) substituted hydrocarbyl substituents, ie substituents containing non-hydrocarbon groups which, in the context of the invention, have the predominantly hydrocarbon substituents (eg halogen (especially chlorine and fluorine), hydroxy, alkoxy, mercapto, alkylmercapto, nitro, Nitroso and sulfoxy) do not change;
• (3) hetero substituents, that is, substituents which, although of predominantly hydrocarbon character, in the context of the invention contain anything other than carbon in a ring or chain otherwise composed of carbon atoms. Heteroatoms include sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and include substituents such as pyridyl, furyl, thienyl and imidazolyl. In general, not more than two, for example, no more than one non-hydrocarbon substituent is present for every ten carbon atoms in the hydrocarbyl group; typically, no non-hydrocarbon substituents are present in the hydrocarbyl group.

Base oils which are suitable for use here, can from any synthetic or mineral oils or mixtures to be chosen from. Mineral oils include animal oils and vegetable oils (eg castor oil, bacon oil) and other mineral lubricating oils, such as liquid Petroleum oils and solvent-treated, acid-treated, hydroisomerized or hydrocracked mineral lubricating oils of the paraffinic, naphthenic or mixed paraffinic-naphthenic Type. Oils derived from coal or shale are also suitable. Furthermore, oils that are different from Derive a gas-to-liquid process suitable.

The Base oil can be present in a major amount, with "Main quantity" is understood to mean more than or equal to 50% For example, from about 80% to about 98% by weight of the lubricant composition.

The base oil may have any desired viscosity suitable for its intended purpose. Examples of suitable engine oil kinematic viscosities may range from about 2 to about 150 cSt. and as another example, ranging from about 5 to about 15 cSt at 100 ° C. Thus, fully synthetic end oils may be evaluated to have viscosity ranges from about SAE 15 to about SAE 250 and, as another example, from about SAE 20W to about SAE 50. Suitable automotive oils and gear oils also include higher quality oils such as 15W-40, 20W-50, 75W-140, 80W-90, 85W-140, 85W-90, and the like.

Not limiting examples of synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils such as polymerized and interpolymerized Olefins (e.g., polybutylenes, polypropylenes, propylene-isobutylene copolymers, etc.); Polyalphaolefins such as poly (1-hexenes), poly (1-octenes), poly (1-decenes) etc. and mixtures thereof; internal polyolefins, such as poly (2-butenes), Poly (2-pentenes), poly (3-hexenes), etc., and mixtures thereof; Polyalkylbenzenes (z. As dodecylbenzenes, tetradecylbenzenes, dinonylbenzenes, di- (2-ethylhexyl) benzenes Etc.); Polyphenyls (eg biphenyls, terphenyls, alkylated polyphenyls Etc.); alkylated diphenyl ethers and alkylated diphenyl sulfides and derivatives, Analogs and homologs thereof and the like.

Alkylene oxide polymers and interpolymers and derivatives thereof wherein the terminal hydroxyl moieties have been modified by esterification, etherification, etc., constitute another class of known synthetic oils that can be used. Such oils include, for example, oils made by polymerizing ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, the alkyl and aryl ethers of these polyoxyalkylene polymers (e.g., methyl polyisopropylenglycol ethers having an average molecular weight of about 1,000, diphenyl ethers of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 500-1,000 , Diethyl ether of polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 1,000-1,500, etc.) or mono- and polycarboxylic acid esters thereof, for example, acetoacetic acid esters, mixed C _3-8 fatty acid esters, or the C ₁₃ -oxoic acid diester of tetraethylene glycol.

A another class of synthetic oils that are used may include the esters of dicarboxylic acids (for example, phthalic acid, succinic acid, alkylsuccinic acids, Alkenylsuccinic acids, maleic acid, azelaic acid, Suberic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, Adipic acid, linolenic acid dimer, malonic acid, alkylmalonic acids, Alkenylmalonic acids, etc.) with various alcohols (eg. Butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, Ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoether, propylene glycol, etc.). Specific Examples of these esters include dibutyl adipate, di (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, Di-n-hexyl fumarate, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl azelate, diisodecyl azelate, Dioctyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, dieicosyl sebacate, the 2-ethylhexyl diester of Linolenic acid dimer, the complex ester, by reaction of one mole of sebacic acid with two moles of tetraethylene glycol and two moles of 2-ethylhexanoic acid is formed, and the like.

Esters useful as synthetic oils also include those made from C _5-12 monocarboxylic acids and polyols and polyol ethers such as neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, etc.

Thus, the base oils that can be used to make the compositions as described herein can be selected from any of the Group IV base oils as set forth in the American Petroleum Institute (API) Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines. Such base oil groups are as follows:
Group I contains less than 90% of saturated and / or more than 0.03% sulfur and has a viscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120; Group II contains more than or 90% saturated and less than or 0.03% sulfur and has a viscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120; Group III contains more than or 90% saturated and less than or 0.03% sulfur and a viscosity index greater than or equal to 120; Group IV are polyalphaolefins (PAO), and group V includes all other ingredients that are not included in group I, II, III or IV. In one embodiment, the base oil comprises a Group II + base oil. In another embodiment, the base oil comprises a Group III base oil.

The are test methods used to define the above groups ASTM D 2007 for saturated people; ASTM D 2270 for the viscosity index and one of ASTM D 2622, 4294, 4927 and 3120 for sulfur.

Group IV basestocks, d. H. Polyalphaolefins (PAO) include hydrogenated oligomers of a Alphaolefins, with the most important methods of oligomerization radical processes, Ziegler catalysis and cationic Friedel-Crafts catalysis are.

The polyalphaolefins typically have viscosities in the range of 2 to 100 cSt at 100 ° C, for example 4 to 8 cSt at 100 ° C. For example, they may be oligomers of branched or straight-chain alpha olefins having from about 2 to about 30 carbon atoms, non-limiting examples include poly propene, polyisobutenes, poly-1-butenes, poly-1-hexenes, poly-1-octenes and poly-1-decene. Included are homopolymers, interpolymers and mixtures.

Regarding the remaining basic materials referred to above, For example, a "Group I Base" also includes a Group I Base, mixed with the base (s) of one or more other groups can be, with the proviso that the resulting Mixture has features that fall under those mentioned above for the group I base materials.

exemplary Base materials include Group I base stocks and mixtures of Group II bases with Group II bright stock.

Raw materials which are suitable for use herein may be prepared using a variety of different processes are manufactured, including, but not limited to, distillation, solvent refining, Hydrogen processing, oligomerization, esterification and re-refining.

The base oil may be an oil derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons. Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons can be produced using a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst from synthesis gas containing H ₂ and CO. Such hydrocarbons typically require further work-up to be suitable as the base oil. For example, the hydrocarbons may be hydroisomerized using methods disclosed in U.S. Pat U.S. Patent No. 6,103,099 or 6 180 575 are disclosed; using methods used in the U.S. Patent No. 4,943,672 or 6 096 940 are disclosed, hydrocracked and hydroisomerized; using methods used in the U.S. Patent No. 5,882,505 are revealed to be dewaxed; or by using methods specified in the U.S. Patent No. 6,013,171 . 6 080 301 or 6 165 949 are disclosed, hydroisomerized and dewaxed.

Unrefined, refined and refined oils, either mineral or synthetically (as well as mixtures of two or more of one of these), of the type disclosed hereinbefore, can be found in the base oils are used. Unrefined oils are those that come directly from a mineral source or synthetic source without further purification treatment become. For example, a shale oil would be direct obtained from retorting operations, a petroleum oil, obtained directly from primary distillation, or an ester oil derived directly from an esterification process obtained and used without further treatment, an unrefined oil. Refined oils are similar to unrefined oils, except that they are in one or more purification steps were further treated to improve one or more properties. Many such purification techniques are known to those skilled in the art, such as solvent extraction, secondary distillation, Acid or base extraction, filtration, percolation etc. Refined oils are obtained by procedures accordingly those used to refined oils too obtained on refined oils which already in use. Such refined oils are also reclaimed or recycled oils known and are often additionally worked up by techniques the removal of used additives, impurities and oil degradation products.

In In one aspect, the base oil used herein can be used with the GF-4 standards and to conform to the foregoing, by the International Lubricants Standardization and Approval Committee (ILSAC) has been.

at According to one embodiment, the ratio of Isoparaffins to normal paraffins in the base oil of from about 30 to about 400, for example from about 50 to about 300.

In In another aspect, the base oil may continue to have a medium Paraffin carbon number of less than about 23 include. The middle Paraffin carbon number "may be readily determined by one skilled in the art for example, by multiplying the number of carbon atoms in each type of paraffin in the composition by weight of each type of paraffin and then adding of the products.

The The composition disclosed may also include a detergent inhibitor ("DI") package which can provide varying amounts of additives, depending on the needs of the application. In one aspect, the DI package may include at least one additive, selected from the group consisting of oxidation inhibitors, Corrosion inhibitors, friction modifiers, anti-wear agents Agents, extreme pressure agents, detergents, dispersants, antifoam agents, Pour point depressants, deodorants, seal swelling agents, demulsifiers, Colorants and fluidizing agents.

at In one embodiment, the DI package may comprise a detergent, selected from one of the detergents containing the Experts are known. Suitable detergents include, but are not limited to, Mannich bases, polyalkyleneamines, Polyalkylene succinimides, wherein the polyalkylene group typically has a number average molecular weight of about 600 to about 2,000, such as about 800 to about 1400, polyetheramines, neutral or overbased Metal salts of sulfonates, phenates, salicylates and carboxylates and mixtures thereof.

As used here, the terms "neutral" and "overbased" used in their usual sense, which the professionals well known. Specifically, "neutral" is understood to mean that Salt complex is meant, which is a substantially stoichiometric Contains amount of metal to salt. "Overbasing" is understood to mean a salt complex, the metal in stoichiometric excess of what contains to form the neutral salt is required. In one aspect The detergents can have a total base number (TBN) in the range from about 40 to about 600, such as from about 100 to about 400 and from about 140 to about 350. The TBN is determined according to ASTM D 2896 measured.

The Metal of the neutral or overbased metal salt can an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. Non-limiting Examples of alkali and alkaline earth metals include lithium, Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, barium, strontium and mixtures from that. In one embodiment, the detergent may be overbased Be calcium sulfonate.

In another aspect, the disclosed composition may include a pour point depressant selected from one of the pour point depressants known to those skilled in the art. Suitable pour point depressants include, but are not limited to, polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, condensation products of halo-paraffin waxes and aromatic compounds, and vinyl carboxylate polymers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. Other non-limiting examples of compounds useful as pour point depressants include terpolymers made by polymerizing a dialkyl fumarate, a vinyl ester of a fatty acid, and a vinyl alkyl ether. Techniques for making such polymers and their applications are in the U.S. Patent No. 3,250,715 which is incorporated herein by reference. In one embodiment, the pour point depressant may be a polymethacrylate.

In Again another aspect may be the disclosed composition a viscosity index improver comprising a the viscosity index improver is selected, which are known to the experts. Suitable viscosity index improvers include, but are not limited to, hydrocarbyl polymers, which are reacted or grafted with nitrogen-containing polymers; Copolymers of alkyl methacrylates with those containing nitrogen Monomers such as vinylpyridine, N-vinylpyrrolidone and N, N'-dimethylaminoethylene, implemented or grafted; Polyalkylacrylates resulting from the polymerization or copolymerization of one or more alkyl acrylates become; functionalized polymers and the like. examples for functionalized polymers include, but are not limited to on, olefin copolymers and acrylate or methacrylate copolymers. functionalized Olefin copolymers may be, for example, styrene monomers or Copolymers of ethylene and propylene, which continue with a reacted active monomer such as maleic anhydride or can be grafted. Such copolymers can further derivatized with an alcohol or an amine. Other such copolymers may be copolymers of ethylene and an alpha-olefin, such as propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene and styrene. The copolymers can be further reacted with nitrogen compounds or be grafted. Further examples of suitable viscosity index improvers include, but are not limited to, polyisobutylene, Methacrylate, polyalkylstyrene and ethylene / propylene / 1,4-hexadiene polymers. In one embodiment, the viscosity index improver an ethylene-propylene copolymer.

Possibly may contain other components in the lubricant composition to be available. Non-limiting examples of other components include phosphorus-containing compounds, Ash-containing detergents, ashless detergents, overbased detergents Detergents, complementary pourpoint oppressors, supplementary viscosity index improvers, ash-containing Friction modifier, ashless friction modifier, nitrogenous Friction modifier, nitrogen-free friction modifier, esterified friction modifier, supplementary extreme pressure agents, rust inhibitors, supplementary Antioxidants, supplementary corrosion inhibitors, complementary Antifoam agents, titanium compounds, titanium complexes, organic soluble Molybdenum compounds, organic soluble molybdenum complexes, boron-containing compounds and boron-containing complexes and mixtures thereof.

The lubricating compositions disclosed herein may be used to lubricate anything the. In one aspect, the lubricant composition may be a motor composition used to lubricate an engine. However, one skilled in the art would understand that the disclosed lubricant compositions can be used to lubricate anything, e.g. B. from a surface such as, wherein thin film friction may be present or wherein the torque can be optimized. Also disclosed is a method for reducing the thin film friction of a fluid between surfaces comprising providing the disclosed composition for the fluid. Also disclosed herein is a method of lubricating an engine, such as an engine, a transmission, a motor vehicle transmission, a collective transmission, and / or an axle, with the disclosed lubricant composition.

It It is further intended that the lubricant compositions can be provided for each engine, in the fuel economy or improving the torque is important. In particular, a method of increasing of fuel economy in a machine disclosed that making available a composition for includes a machine that includes a base oil, the one reduced ratio of isoparaffins to normal Paraffins compared to the ratio of isoparaffins to normal paraffins in another base oil. In one aspect, the machine is chosen from the group consisting of an engine, a transmission, a motor vehicle transmission, a gearbox and an axle. In addition, a Method for improving fuel economy in one Machine disclosed, for example, an engine, a transmission, a motor vehicle transmission, a gearbox and / or a Axis providing the disclosed composition for a machine.

Also discloses a method for improving the torque in a machine that makes a composition available for a machine that contains a base oil contains a reduced ratio of isoparaffins to normal paraffins compared to the ratio of Isoparaffins to normal paraffins in another base oil includes. "Torque improvement" is understood to mean that the gain of the peak torque in a machine in comparison, which includes the disclosed composition to a machine that does not contain the disclosed composition. In one aspect, the machine is selected from the group consisting of a Engine, a transmission, a motor vehicle transmission, a gearbox and an axis selected. The peak torque is for each Engine family specific and can easily be determined by a professional as by using a chassis dynamometer and by measuring the torque passing through the motor the rear wheels is caused.

Farther Here is a method for improving the torque in one Machine discloses making available a composition for the machine that includes a base oil with a lowered high temperature high shear viscosity (HTHSV) compared to another base oil. As used here, the term "another base oil" refers on a typical base oil that meets the category standards of a Base Oil of Group I-V obeys. The HTHSV of a base oil can be easily measured by a person skilled in the art, such as according to ASTM D 4683 at 100 ° C. In one Aspect, the base oil is a mineral base oil, a synthetic base oil or a mixture thereof, a polyalphaolefin Base oil of group II + or a base oil of the group III.

EXAMPLES

EXAMPLE 1

It is known in the industry that Group II or III base oils comprise more than 90% saturated, less than 0.03% sulfur and have a viscosity index of from about 80 to about 120 or more. However, not all Base Group II or Group III base oils have the same power transfer properties. As shown in Table 1, fully synthetic lubricant compositions containing various Group II and Group III base oils were prepared according to the method in Analytical Chemistry, 64: 227 (1992) , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, to analyze the type of paraffins, cycloparaffins and aromatics in the composition.

In this example, a 2003 Chevrolet Silverado pickup truck was powered by a 5.3L V8 engine lubricated by the lubricant compositions listed in Table 1. The truck was mounted on a Mustang Performance Dynamometer programmed with the appropriate moment of inertia and horsepower extinction factors for the vehicle. The horsepower was measured at the rear wheels, while the truck at full throttle in first gear on a simulated 25% slope was accelerated. Between 10 and 15 torque readings were taken in each example and the torque peak readings between 3,600 and 4,200 rpm were corrected for standard conditions according to SAE J1349, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. A double flushing technique was used to rinse the truck's engine case in each example to ensure as little drag as possible from the previous test. This was followed by a 30-minute pause period with the truck operating at 60 mph for 30 minutes in third gear before further torque measurements were taken. The HTHSV of each example was also measured according to ASTM D 4683 at 100 ° C. The results are shown in Table 1 below. TABLE Examples Peak torque (N · m) 100 ° C HTHSV (mPa · s) average paraffin carbon number I / N ratio A 326.1 6.43 20.7 191 B 325.2 6.50 20.5 142 C 324.8 6.54 21.3 169 D 323.8 6.80 21.4 429 e 323.3 7.22 19.3 452

As shown in Table 1, there is a linear relationship between the torque and the 100 ° C HTHSV value - the lower the 100 ° C HTHSV value, the higher the torque. The linear relationship between torque and 100 ° C HTHSV is shown by an R ² value of 0.845. The results show that Example A had the lowest 100 ° C HTHSV value (6.43 mPa.s) and produced the highest amount of torque (326.1 N · m). In comparison, Example E had the highest 100 ° C HTHSV value (7.22 mPa.s) and produced the lowest amount of torque (323.3 N · m). Similarly, Example B had a lower 100 ° C HTHSV (6.50 mPa.s) as Example D (6.80 mPa.s) and produced a higher amount of torque (325.2 N · m) than Example D (323 , 8 N · m). Thus, it can be seen that the torque can be improved by lowering the high temperature 100 ° C high viscosity of a base oil.

As also apparent from Table 1, the examples have with the lowest 100 ° C HTHSV value (ie the highest Torques cause) even the lowest I / N ratios. For example, Example A has, in addition to the torque and the 100 ° C HTHSV values discussed above the lowest I / N ratio (191) on while Example E had the highest I / N ratio (452). Thus, it can be seen that the torque also by lowering of the I / N ratio of a base oil can be improved can. A professional would understand that the higher the torque is, the better the fuel economy is.

EXAMPLE 2

In this example, fully synthetic lubricating compositions were prepared by mixing a plurality of different base oils of Group II and Group II + with 11.5 wt .-% of a DI package (HITEC ^® 1136, supplied by Afton Chemical Corp.), 8.6 wt .-% an ethylene-Propylenolefincopolymer viscosity index improver (Paratone 8021 ^®, supplied by Chevron Oronite) and 0.5 wt .-% of a polymethacrylate pour point depressant (Viscoplex ^® 1-440, provided of RohMax) was prepared. The DI package included an overbased calcium detergent, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, an amine-free organic friction modifier, a molybdenum-containing friction modifier, a diphenylamine antioxidant, a sulfurized olefin antioxidant, an anti-foaming agent, and a process oil.

Each lubricant composition was analyzed by the method described above. The HTHSV of each lubricant composition was also measured according to ASTM D 4683 at 100 ° C as described above. The results are shown in Table 2 below. TABLE 2 Examples 100 ° C HTHSV (mPa · s) average paraffin carbon number I / N ratio F 7.22 22.1 874 G 6.87 22.3 583 H 6.62 21.5 112 I 6.55 22.6 95 J 7.08 24.7 77 K 6.75 23.0 48

The Results in Table 2 show that when the I / N ratio decreases, even the 100 ° C HTHSV value (and thus should also the torque increases) decreases. For example, Example had F a high I / N ratio (874) and a corresponding high 100 ° C HTHSV (7.22 mPa.s). That's the example F have a low torque, as in Example above 1 discussed. In comparison, Example K had a low one I / N ratio (48) and a correspondingly low 100 ° C HTHSV value (6.75 mPa.s). Therefore, example K should be a high one Have torque as discussed in Example 1. Although example J has a lower I / N ratio than Example I, Example J has a much higher average Paraffin carbon number, which is the low I / N ratio shifts and to a higher 100 ° C HTHSV value (7.08 mPa · s) leads. That's why example J should be one have higher torque value than Example I.

At numerous passages in this description were consistently on one Number of US patents, on published foreign Patent applications and published articles. All such cited documents are expressly incorporated herein fully included in this disclosure, as whether they were completely executed here.

For the purposes of this specification and the appended claims unless otherwise indicated, all numbers, express the amounts, percentages or proportions, and other numerical values included in the description and claims be used, so understood, as if in all cases were modified by the term "about". Accordingly, if not the opposite is indicated, the numerical parameters used in the following description and the appended claims are executed, approximations that depend on can vary from the desired properties, whose attainment is sought by the present disclosure. To good last and not as an attempt, the application of the equivalence theory should be limited to the scope of the claims every numerical parameter at least in terms of number the indicated significant digits and by applying the usual rounding techniques be constructed.

It is noted that as in this description and the attached Claims uses the singular forms "one", "one", "one" and "the" "the", "include" references in the plural, unless it is explicit and unequivocal to one Cover limited. Thus, for example, excludes the reference to "one antioxidant" two or more different Including antioxidants. As used here, the term "include" and its grammatical variants not so limiting be that the reproduction of terms in a list is not exclusive the other similar terms is that used for it or to the listed terms can be added.

Although certain embodiments have been described Alternatives, Modifications, Variations, Improvements, and Substantial Equivalents which are currently unforeseen or currently unforeseen may arise with the applicants or other professionals. Accordingly, the appended claims, such as submitted, and how they can be changed all such alternative modifications, variations, improvements and substantial equivalents.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

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Cited non-patent literature

• - Analytical Chemistry, 64: 2 227 (1992) [0048]

Claims (18)

A lubricant composition that is a base oil wherein the ratio of isoparaffins to normal Paraffins in the base oil range from about 30 to about 400. The lubricant composition according to claim 1, the ratio of isoparaffins to normal paraffins in the base oil ranges from about 50 to about 300. The lubricant composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the base oil further has an average paraffin carbon number of less than about 23. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which further comprises a detergent inhibitor package comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of oxidation inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, friction modifiers, anti-wear agents, extreme pressure agents, detergents, Dispersants, antifoam agents, pour point depressants, deodorants, Seal swelling agents, demulsifiers, colorants, viscosity index improvers and fluidizing agents. The lubricant composition according to claim 4, wherein the detergent is selected from the group consisting from overbased phenates, overbased salicylates, overbased Sulfonates, overbased carboxylates and mixtures thereof. The lubricant composition according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the viscosity index improver is selected from the group is selected, consisting of a nitrogenous polymeric viscosity index improver dispersants, an ester-containing polymeric viscosity index improver dispersant and a non-dispersing viscosity index improver. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 4-6 wherein the viscosity index improver is a copolymer of ethylene and an α-olefin from the group consisting of propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene and styrene. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the pour point depressant is selected from the group is composed of polymethacrylates, polyacrylamides, condensation products of halogen paraffin waxes and aromatic compounds, vinyl carboxylate polymers and terpolymers of dialkyl fumarates, vinyl esters of fatty acids and alkyl vinyl ethers. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which further comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of phosphorus-containing compounds, ash-containing detergents, Ashless detergents, overbased detergents, complementary Pourpoint suppressants, supplementary viscosity index improvers, an ash-containing friction modifier, an ash-free friction modifier, a nitrogenous friction modifier, a nitrogen-free one Friction modifier, an esterified friction modifier, complementary Extreme pressure agents, rust inhibitors, supplemental antioxidants, complementary corrosion inhibitors, complementary Antifoams, titanium compounds, titanium complexes, organic soluble molybdenum compounds, organic soluble Molybdenum complexes, boron-containing compounds and boron-containing Complex. A method for improving the torque in a machine comprising: providing a composition for the machine, which includes a base oil, being the ratio of isoparaffins to normal paraffins in the base oil ranges from about 30 to about 400, or one A lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 till 9. The method of claim 10, wherein the base oil a mineral, synthetic base oil and a mixture it is. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein said Base oil is a polyalphaolefin. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein said Base oil is a Group II base oil. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein said Base oil is a Group III base oil. A method for improving torque in a machine, comprising: making available A composition for the machine comprising a base oil having a reduced high temperature high shear viscosity compared to other base oil or providing the machine of a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9. A method for increasing fuel economy in a vehicle, comprising: making available a composition for the vehicle comprising a base oil, wherein the ratio of isoparaffins to normal paraffins in the base oil ranges from about 30 to about 400, or making available for the vehicle of a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9. A method for reducing thin-film friction fluid between surfaces, comprising: providing a composition for the surfaces that a base oil, the ratio of Isoparaffins to normal paraffins in the base oil of about 30 to about 400 ranges, or making available one Lubricant composition for the surfaces according to one of claims 1 to 9. An engine, a transmission or a gearbox that with the lubricant composition according to any one of the claims 1 to 9 are lubricated.